CN113592154B - Grid scale tension water storage capacity estimation method and device and storage medium - Google Patents

Grid scale tension water storage capacity estimation method and device and storage medium Download PDF

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CN113592154B
CN113592154B CN202110771144.7A CN202110771144A CN113592154B CN 113592154 B CN113592154 B CN 113592154B CN 202110771144 A CN202110771144 A CN 202110771144A CN 113592154 B CN113592154 B CN 113592154B
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陈新宇
张珂
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for estimating the water storage capacity of grid scale tension water and a storage medium, wherein the estimation method comprises the following steps: firstly, calculating the terrain index of each grid unit in the drainage basin; then obtaining the diving evaporation limit depth, the field water capacity and the withering water content of each grid unit; then, the thickness of the evaporable gas-coated belt of the grid unit is calculated; and finally, acquiring the ratio of the impervious area of each grid unit in the drainage basin, and calculating the spatial distribution of the water storage capacity of the tension water in the drainage basin by combining the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone, the field water capacity and the withering water content of each grid unit. The invention provides a grid unit tension water storage capacity estimation method based on the thickness of an evaporable aeration zone and the ratio of the impervious area, which considers the influence of human activities and natural geographic conditions on the spatial distribution of the tension water storage capacity and solves the problem that the existing estimation method can not better reflect the influence of human activities on the spatial distribution of the tension water storage capacity.

Description

Grid scale tension water storage capacity estimation method and device and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydrological forecasting, and particularly relates to a method for estimating the spatial distribution of water storage capacity of tension water in a distributed Xinanjiang model by comprehensively considering human activities and natural geographic conditions.
Background
Flood forecasting is an important work related to flood prevention and disaster resistance, and a hydrological model is an important tool for flood forecasting. In china, the new anjiang model is one of the most common hydrological models, and is widely used for flood forecasting in various regions. With the progress of the technology, the accuracy of flood forecasting is further improved by the appearance of the distributed Xinanjiang model. However, the distributed Xinanjiang model relates to the problem of parameter estimation, and the simulation effect of the model is directly influenced by the quality of the parameter estimation. Among them, the tension water storage capacity spatial distribution is one of the most important parameters in the model. Currently, the most widely used parameter estimation method is to estimate the spatial distribution of the water storage capacity of the tension water by using the underlying surface characteristics of the drainage basin, such as topographic indexes, soil types, topographic gradients, vegetation coverage and the like. However, these methods have certain limitations, that is, these methods cannot reflect the influence of human activities on the spatial distribution of the tension water storage capacity, such as the thickening of aeration zone and the increase of the tension water storage capacity caused by newly-added impermeable ground surface and underground water exploitation in urban construction. Therefore, in order to further improve the flood forecasting precision of the model, a tension water storage capacity spatial distribution estimation method comprehensively considering human activities and natural geographic conditions needs to be provided
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for estimating the spatial distribution of the water storage capacity of tension water, and a storage medium, which can improve the flood forecasting precision.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a grid scale tension water storage capacity estimation method based on a physical mechanism is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring elevation data of each grid unit in a drainage basin, and calculating a terrain index of each grid unit in the drainage basin according to the elevation data;
step 2, obtaining soil type data and land coverage data of each grid unit in the drainage basin, and obtaining the submergence evaporation limit depth, field water capacity and withering water content of each grid unit;
step 3, acquiring the annual average diving depth of the grid unit with diving depth data in the drainage basin, and combining the diving evaporation limit depth of the grid unit to obtain the evaporable aeration zone thickness of the grid unit with the diving depth data;
step 4, establishing a mathematical relation between the average submergence depth of many years and the topographic index according to the average submergence depth of many years and the topographic index of the grid unit with the submergence depth data;
step 5, obtaining the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone of the grid unit without the diving buried depth data according to the topographic index and the diving evaporation limit depth based on the mathematical relationship between the average diving buried depth and the topographic index for many years;
step 6, obtaining the ratio of the impervious area of each grid unit in the drainage basin, establishing a calculation formula of the tension water storage capacity of each grid unit by combining the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone, the field water capacity and the withering water content of each grid unit, and calculating the tension water storage capacity of each grid unit so as to obtain the spatial distribution of the tension water storage capacity in the drainage basin, wherein the tension water storage capacity W in the drainage basin of each grid unitMComprises the following steps:
WM＝ξa*D*(θfc-θwp)*(1-σ)+ξb
in the formula, thetafcFor field capacity of each grid cell, θwpFor withering water content of each grid cell, σ is the water impermeable area fraction of each grid cell, D is the evaporable aeration zone thickness of each grid cell, ξaAnd xibAre coefficients.
An estimation device of grid scale tension water storage capacity is characterized by comprising a processor and a memory; the memory has stored therein a program or instructions that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the steps of the above-described estimation method.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a program or instructions are stored, which program or instructions, when executed by a processor, carry out the steps of the above-mentioned estimation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a tension water storage capacity spatial distribution estimation method, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining elevation data of each grid unit in a drainage basin and calculating a terrain index of each grid unit in the drainage basin on the basis; then obtaining soil type data and land coverage data of each grid unit in the drainage basin, and obtaining the submergence evaporation limit depth, field water capacity and withering water content of each grid unit on the basis; then acquiring the average diving depth of each grid unit in the drainage basin for many years, and calculating the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone of each grid unit; and finally, acquiring the ratio of the impervious area of each grid unit in the drainage basin, and calculating the spatial distribution of the water storage capacity of the tension water in the drainage basin by combining the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone, the field water capacity and the withering water content of each grid unit. The invention provides a grid unit tension water storage capacity estimation method based on the thickness of an evaporable aeration zone and the ratio of the impervious area, which considers the influence of human activities and natural geographic conditions on the spatial distribution of the tension water storage capacity, solves the problem that the existing estimation method can not better reflect the influence of human activities on the spatial distribution of the tension water storage capacity, and can effectively improve the flood prediction precision of a distributed Xinanjiang model.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for estimating the spatial distribution of water storage capacity of tension water in a distributed Xinanjiang model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram of a topography index within a basin in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 illustrates the thickness of an evaporable envelope of grid cells having diving depth data within a basin in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the vaporizable air-entrained ribbon thickness of a grid cell without submersible burial depth data within a basin in an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 5 is a spatial distribution diagram of the tension water holding capacity in the basin in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a grid scale tension water storage capacity estimation method based on a physical mechanism, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring elevation data of each grid unit in the drainage basin and calculating a terrain index of each grid unit in the drainage basin on the basis of the elevation data:
TI＝ln(α/tanβ) (1)
wherein TI is a topographic index, alpha is a unit width water collection area, and tan beta is a surface gradient.
And (3) downloading DEM data of the clear water river basin of the sub-basin of the sea river basin, and calculating a terrain index on the basis of the DEM data by utilizing a GIS tool, as shown in figure 2.
Step 2, acquiring soil type data and land coverage data of each grid unit in the drainage basin, and obtaining the submerged evaporation limit depth, the field water capacity and the withering water content of each grid unit on the basis, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 21, referring to the existing parameter value taking tables of different soil types, and according to the soil type of the grids, obtaining the field water capacity and the withering water content of the air-containing zone in the grids;
and step 22, referring to the existing diving evaporation limit depth value-taking tables of different soil types and land covers, and obtaining the diving evaporation limit depth of the air-filled zone in the grid according to the soil type and the land cover of the grid.
And downloading soil type data and land coverage data of the river basin to obtain the submergible evaporation limit depth, the field water capacity and the withering water content of each grid unit of the river basin.
And 3, acquiring the annual average diving depth of the grid unit with diving depth data in the drainage basin, and calculating the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone of the grid unit with the diving depth data by combining the diving evaporation limit depth of the grid unit:
Figure BDA0003153452350000041
wherein D is the thickness of the evaporable envelope, HmaxTo a submerged evaporation limit depth, DwtThe average submerged depth of many years.
Acquiring the annual average submerged depth of the river basin, and calculating the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone of the grid unit with submerged depth data, as shown in fig. 3.
And 4, establishing a mathematical relation between the annual average diving depth and the topographic index according to the annual average diving depth and the topographic index of the grid unit with the diving depth data. If flood simulation is carried out, generally selecting as many years as possible in a simulation period to carry out annual average; if flood forecasting is carried out, the average value of the last 3-5 years should be selected, and the specific steps comprise:
step 41, sorting all grid units with diving burial depth data from small to large according to the size of the terrain indexes;
and 42, calculating the average value of the terrain indexes of the grid units of the first 0% -2% and 2% -4% and the average value of the multi-year average diving depths:
Figure BDA0003153452350000042
Figure BDA0003153452350000043
Figure BDA0003153452350000044
Figure BDA0003153452350000045
in the formula, TI2％Is the terrain index average, TI, of the first 0% -2% of the grid cells4％Is the average of the topographic indexes of the first 2% -4% of the grid cells, Dwt2％Mean submersible depth over years for the first 0% to 2% of the grid cells, Dwt4％Mean of mean burial depth for years, TI, for the first 2% -4% of the grid cellsiIs the topographic index of the ith grid cell, n2％The number of grid cells of the first 2%, n4％The number of grid cells of the first 4%, DwtiThe mean annual submerged depth for the ith grid element;
step 43, establishing a linear relation between the average diving depth of many years and the topographic index:
Dwt＝γ*TI+δ (7)
wherein gamma and delta are undetermined coefficients;
and step 44, substituting the average value of the terrain indexes of the grid units of the first 0% -2% and the grid units of the first 2% -4% and the average value of the average submergence depth for many years into the linear relation established in the step 43, and solving the undetermined coefficient.
And 5, based on the mathematical relation between the average diving depth over years and the terrain index, calculating the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone of the grid unit without diving depth data according to the terrain index and the diving evaporation limit depth, and the specific steps comprise:
step 51, substituting the terrain indexes of the grid units into the mathematical relation between the annual average diving depth and the terrain indexes established in the step 4, and calculating the annual average diving depth of the grid units;
using the multi-year mean submersible burial depth and submersible evaporation limit depth of the grid cell, the evaporable envelope thickness of the grid cell is calculated, step 52, according to the method of step 3.
Based on the mathematical relationship between the average submergence depth over many years and the topographic index, the evaporable aeration zone thickness of the grid unit without submergence depth data in the river basin is calculated according to the topographic index and the submergence limit depth, as shown in fig. 4.
Step 6, acquiring the ratio of the impervious area of each grid unit in the drainage basin, combining the thickness of an evaporable aeration zone, the field water capacity and the withering water content of each grid unit, and calculating the spatial distribution of the water storage capacity of the tension water in the drainage basin, wherein the specific steps comprise:
step 61, establishing a calculation formula of the tension water storage capacity of the grid unit according to the impervious area ratio, the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone, the field water capacity and the withering water content of the grid unit:
wM＝ξa*D*(θfc-θwp)*(1-σ)+ξb (8)
in the formula, WMWater holding capacity of tension water for grid cell, thetafcIs field water capacity, thetawpFor withering water content, sigma is the ratio of impervious area and xiaAnd xibTo be a coefficient of undetermination；
Step 62, setting a maximum value and a minimum value of the tension water storage capacity in the drainage basin, and solving the undetermined coefficient of the grid unit tension water storage capacity calculation formula:
Figure BDA0003153452350000051
wherein (D (theta))fc-θwp)*(1-σ))maxFor all grid cells D (theta)fc-θwp) Maximum value of (1-sigma), (D (theta)fc-θwp)*1-σ))minFor all grid cells D (theta)fc-θwp) Minimum value of (1-sigma), WMmaxThe maximum value of the water storage capacity of the tension water in the drainage basin is WMminThe minimum value of the water storage capacity of the tension water in the drainage basin is obtained; w may be given empiricallyMmaxAnd WMminThen obtaining an accurate value through a parameter calibration mode.
And step 63, calculating the tension water storage capacity of each grid unit by using a grid unit tension water storage capacity calculation formula according to the impervious area ratio, the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone, the field water capacity and the withering water content of each grid unit, so as to obtain the spatial distribution of the tension water storage capacity in the flow domain.
The maximum value of the tension water storage capacity of the clear water river basin is 252mm, the minimum value of the tension water storage capacity of the clear water river basin is 0mm, and finally the obtained tension water storage capacity spatial distribution of the clear water river basin is shown in figure 5.
Example 2
The invention also provides an estimation device of the grid scale tension water storage capacity, which comprises a processor and a memory; the memory has stored therein a program or instructions that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method of estimating grid scale tensioned water storage capacity of embodiment 1.
Example 3
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, which may also be a volatile computer-readable storage medium, having stored therein instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of estimating the grid-scale tension water storage capacity of embodiment 1.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention, which is essential or part of the technical solution contributing to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Numerous modifications and adaptations thereof can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A grid scale tension water storage capacity estimation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring elevation data of each grid unit in a drainage basin, and calculating a terrain index of each grid unit in the drainage basin according to the elevation data;
step 2, obtaining soil type data and land coverage data of each grid unit in the drainage basin, and obtaining the submergence evaporation limit depth, field water capacity and withering water content of each grid unit;
step 3, acquiring the annual average diving depth of the grid unit with diving depth data in the drainage basin, and combining the diving evaporation limit depth of the grid unit to obtain the evaporable aeration zone thickness of the grid unit with the diving depth data;
step 4, establishing a mathematical relation between the average submergence depth of many years and the topographic index according to the average submergence depth of many years and the topographic index of the grid unit with the submergence depth data;
step 5, obtaining the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone of the grid unit without the diving buried depth data according to the topographic index and the diving evaporation limit depth based on the mathematical relationship between the average diving buried depth and the topographic index for many years;
step 6, obtaining the ratio of the impervious area of each grid unit in the drainage basin, establishing a calculation formula of the tension water storage capacity of each grid unit by combining the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone, the field water capacity and the withering water content of each grid unit, and calculating the tension water storage capacity of each grid unit so as to obtain the spatial distribution of the tension water storage capacity in the drainage basin, wherein the tension water storage capacity W in the drainage basin of each grid unitMComprises the following steps:
WM＝ξa*D*(θfc-θwp)*(1-σ)+ξb
in the formula, thetafcFor field capacity of each grid cell, θwpFor withering water content of each grid cell, σ is the water impermeable area fraction of each grid cell, D is the evaporable aeration zone thickness of each grid cell, ξaAnd xibIs a coefficient; coefficient xiaAnd xibThe following formula is solved:
Figure FDA0003548622450000011
wherein (D (theta))fc-θwp)*(1-σ))maxFor all grid cells D (theta)fc-θwp) Maximum value of (1-sigma), (D (theta)fc-θwp)*(1-σ))minFor all grid cells D (theta)fc-θwp) Minimum value of (1-sigma), WMmaxThe maximum value of the water storage capacity of the tension water in the drainage basin is WMminThe minimum value of the water storage capacity of the tension water in the drainage basin is obtained;
in the step 3, the thickness of the evaporable aeration zone of the grid unit with the diving burial depth data is obtained:
Figure FDA0003548622450000021
wherein D is the thickness of the evaporable envelope, HmaxTo a submerged evaporation limit depth, DwtThe average submerged depth for many years;
the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 41, sorting all grid units with diving burial depth data from small to large according to the size of the terrain indexes;
and 42, calculating the average value of the terrain indexes of the grid units of the first 0% -2% and 2% -4% and the average value of the multi-year average diving depths:
Figure FDA0003548622450000022
Figure FDA0003548622450000023
Figure FDA0003548622450000024
Figure FDA0003548622450000025
in the formula, TI2％Is the terrain index average, TI, of the first 0% -2% of the grid cells4％Is the average of the topographic indexes of the first 2% -4% of the grid cells, Dwt2％Mean submersible depth over years for the first 0% to 2% of the grid cells, Dwt4％Mean of mean burial depth for years, TI, for the first 2% -4% of the grid cellsiIs the ithTopographic index of individual grid cells, n2％The number of grid cells of the first 2%, n4％The number of grid cells of the first 4%, DwtiThe mean annual submerged depth for the ith grid element;
step 43, establishing the average burial depth D of the multi-year divingwtLinear relationship to terrain index TI:
Dwt＝γ*TI+δ
wherein gamma and delta are undetermined coefficients;
and step 44, substituting the average value of the terrain indexes of the grid units of the first 0% -2% and the grid units of the first 2% -4% and the average value of the average submergence depth for many years into the linear relation established in the step 43, and solving the undetermined coefficient.
2. The grid-scale tension water storage capacity estimation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the terrain index TI of each grid unit in the drainage basin calculated according to the elevation data is as follows:
TI＝ln(α/tanβ)
in the formula, α is the water collection area per unit width, and tan β is the slope of the earth surface.
3. An estimation device of grid scale tension water storage capacity is characterized by comprising a processor and a memory; stored in the memory are programs or instructions which are loaded and executed by the processor to implement the steps of the evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
4. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a program or instructions are stored, which program or instructions, when executed by a processor, carry out the steps of the evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
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