CN113591321A - Method for generating three-dimensional high-simulation structural model of mine soil-rock mixture - Google Patents
Method for generating three-dimensional high-simulation structural model of mine soil-rock mixture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of stability research and analysis of soil-rock mixture engineering, and discloses a generation method of a three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of a mine soil-rock mixture, which comprises the following steps of investigating and statistically analyzing the structural characteristics of the soil-rock mixture on site; extracting geometric outline information of the block stone based on a three-dimensional structured light scanning technology; smoothing the digital block stone three-dimensional geometric model; and (4) digital block stone feature statistics and model base establishment. According to the method for generating the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture, the numerical samples of the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture with different stone contents are prepared, so that a plurality of groups of numerical experiments can be performed, the change rule of the three-dimensional strength characteristic and the three-dimensional seepage characteristic of the mine soil-stone mixture with different stone contents is obtained, technical support and theoretical support are provided for engineering safety research, and the method is an effective method for generating the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture with different stone contents.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stability research and analysis of soil-rock mixture engineering, in particular to a generation method of a three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of a mine soil-rock mixture.
Background
The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of selecting a soil reservoir, selecting a soil discharge site, selecting a tailing dam, selecting a soil-rock mixed structure, and carrying out classification distribution on the soil and the rock mixed structure according to the classification result of the soil reservoir and the tailing dam.
In the research process of the conventional field experiment or large-scale indoor experiment, huge manpower and material resources are consumed, and the sample which is possibly not representative is obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for generating a three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of a mine soil-rock mixture, which has the advantages of simple method, low cost, strong practicability and the like, and solves the problems that huge manpower and material resources are consumed and a sample which is possibly not representative is consumed when a conventional field experiment or a large-scale indoor experiment is used for research.
(II) technical scheme
In order to realize the purposes of simple method, low cost and strong practicability, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a generation method of a three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of a mine soil-rock mixture comprises the following steps:
1) on-site survey, statistical analysis of structural characteristics of soil-rock mixture: the soil and stone segmentation threshold can be comprehensively determined based on actual engineering statistical data, relevant documents and specificationsthr；
2) Extracting geometric outline information of the block stone based on a three-dimensional structured light scanning technology: three-dimensional geometric shape scanning is carried out on the block stone by adopting three-dimensional structured light scanning equipment, and the scanned outline information of the block stone is output as an STL file;
3) smoothing the digital block stone three-dimensional geometric model: the three-dimensional digital block stone with extremely high surface relief and strong roughness is subjected to appropriate surface smoothing treatment by adopting a Laplace smoothing algorithm so as to reduce the roughness, reduce the number of odd points, optimize the number of subsequent calculation grids and improve the calculation efficiency;
4) digital block stone feature statistics and model base establishment: counting the characteristics of granularity, sphericity, roundness and the like of the block stone based on the geometric outline information of the block stone subjected to three-dimensional structured light scanning and smoothing, and establishing a three-dimensional digital block stone model database;
5) selecting a to-be-launched digital stone model: according to the on-site survey statistical analysis result of the structural characteristics of the soil-rock mixture in the step 1), selecting digital stones with granularity, sphericity, roundness and the like similar to the survey statistical analysis characteristic data;
6) putting the block stone and adjusting the three-dimensional space position: adopting a constrained nonlinear optimization algorithm (CNOA algorithm) to adjust the three-dimensional space position of the block stones put in the three-dimensional space so as to ensure that the three-dimensional digital block stones are free from mutual invasion and intersection;
7) generating a three-dimensional high-simulation structural model of the mine soil-stone mixture: soil is set in the research area except the digital block stone filling area, and finally a three-dimensional high-simulation structural model of the mine soil and stone mixture is formed.
Preferably, the earth and stone segmentation threshold d in the step 1thrIs determined by combining the results of field survey, relevant literature, specifications and engineering experience, or d can be adoptedthr＝0.05LCTo determine wherein LCThe engineering characteristic scale of the research range is obtained.
Preferably, the three-dimensional digital stone feature statistics and model library establishment in the step 2 are carried out, and the main statistical features comprise granularity, sphericity and roundness;
the particle size is determined by the maximum diameter d of the stone particlesLIntermediate diameter dlAnd shortest diameter dsCalculated equivalent sphere diameter dnTo represent;
sphericity is determined by the ratio of the cross-section of a sphere of the same volume as the particle to the maximum projected area of the particle and can be expressed as:
roundness, which is the degree to which the corners of the particles are rounded, can be calculated by the following equation:
wherein r is the inscribed circle radius of the corner; n is the number of corners; r is the maximum inscribed circle radius of the particle.
Preferably, the putting of the block stone and the three-dimensional space position adjustment in step 6 define a vertex set { a } of the block stone a1，A2，…，AnSet of vertices of block stone B { B1，B2，…，BnAnd a and B are respectively set as any point in the block stone A and the block stone B, and the method comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
due to the limiting condition, a and B can only move in the feasible regions of the block stone A and the block stone B respectively, so that the spatial position relation problem of the polyhedron is converted into the problem of judging the closest distance between the two points a and B, and further converted into the problem of constrained nonlinear optimization:
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for generating a three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of a mine soil-rock mixture, which has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for generating the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture, the blank of generating the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture with different stone contents in practical research is filled through the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture, so that numerical samples of the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture with different stone contents can be prepared, multiple groups of numerical experiments can be carried out, and the change rules of the three-dimensional strength characteristic and the three-dimensional seepage characteristic of the mine soil-stone mixture with different stone contents are obtained; and further, the research on the stability of the rock content in the engineering such as mine dumping grounds, tailing dams and the like is developed, so that technical guarantee and theoretical support are provided for engineering safety research, the method is an effective method for generating three-dimensional high-simulation structural models of mine soil-rock mixtures with different rock contents, and the method is simple, low in cost and high in practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the light scanning principle of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional scanning image of the material block stone particles of a certain refuse dump according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the digital block stone surface smoothing and grid segmentation of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional digital block stone model library diagram of a certain refuse dump material according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a model diagram of a three-dimensional high-simulation structure of a mine dump soil-rock mixture generated under different rock contents;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart generated by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A generation method of a three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of a mine soil-rock mixture comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, performing site reconnaissance and investigation on geological features of a mine dump, and performing statistical analysis on particle composition and particle gradation conditions by site measurement (coarse particles) and screening (fine particles);
2) comprehensively determining the threshold values of 'soil' and 'stone' as d based on actual engineering statistical data, relevant documents and specificationsthrThe grain with the grain diameter of less than 5mm is 'soil', and the grain with the grain diameter of more than 5mm is 'stone';
3) determining the minimum size of the stone particles according to the earth and stone segmentation threshold, and adopting a three-dimensional structured light scanning technology to determine the minimum size according to the threshold dthrThe three-dimensional geometric information of the partitioned block stone is obtained, as shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional structured light scanning technology schematic diagram is shown, two cameras have the same internal reference matrix K, and the two cameras are respectively positioned in the independent coordinate system x of the two cameras1-y1-z1And x2-y2-z2Suppose there is a point p (x) in the world coordinate system x-y-z0，y0，z0) At the camera O1In is x10At the camera O2In is x20Let the vertical distance from p to the image planes of the two cameras be l1And l2The conversion relation between the coordinate systems is [ R ] respectively1，T1]And [ R ]2，T2]Then, there are:
by transforming the above formula, the method can be obtained
{x′i，y′i，z′iSTL file, figure 2 is three-dimensional structure picture of certain stone after scanning;
4) performing surface smoothing treatment on the STL file obtained based on three-dimensional structured light scanning based on a Laplace smoothing algorithm, wherein the surface smoothing treatment can effectively reduce the surface roughness, reduce the number of odd points, effectively reduce the number of finite element grids and improve the calculation efficiency as shown in figure 3;
5) counting the granularity, sphericity and roundness characteristics of the digital block stone obtained by three-dimensional structured light scanning, and establishing a three-dimensional digital block stone model database as shown in FIG. 4;
6) extracting the block stone with corresponding size and shape from the three-dimensional digital block stone model database as the block stone to be put based on the field investigation and the statistical characteristics of the actually measured block stone;
7) determining the size and the stone content of a research area, uniformly throwing the selected block stones to be thrown into the model area, and adjusting the three-dimensional space position of the block stones thrown in the three-dimensional space by adopting a constrained nonlinear optimization algorithm (CNOA algorithm) so as to ensure that the three-dimensional digital block stones are free from mutual invasion and intersection; adjusting the position of the three-dimensional space of the block stone put in the three-dimensional space, and defining a vertex set { A ] of the block stone A1，A2，…，AnSet of vertices of block stone B { B1，B2，…，BnAnd a and B are respectively set as any point in the block stone A and the block stone B, and the method comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
due to the limiting condition, a and B can only move in the feasible regions of the block stone A and the block stone B respectively, so that the spatial position relation problem of the polyhedron is converted into the problem of judging the closest distance between the two points a and B, and further converted into the problem of constrained nonlinear optimization:
8) soil bodies are filled in the rest areas except the three-dimensional digital blocks of stones in the research area to form a final three-dimensional high simulation structure model of the mine, mountain, soil and stone mixture, as shown in figure 3, the three-dimensional high simulation structure model of the mine, mountain, soil and stone mixture with different stone contents is generated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method for generating the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture, the blank of generating the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture with different stone contents in practical research is filled through the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture, so that numerical samples of the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-stone mixture with different stone contents can be prepared, multiple groups of numerical experiments can be carried out, and the change rules of the three-dimensional strength characteristic and the three-dimensional seepage characteristic of the mine soil-stone mixture with different stone contents are obtained; and further, the research on the stability of the rock content in the engineering such as mine dumping grounds, tailing dams and the like is developed, so that technical guarantee and theoretical support are provided for engineering safety research, the method is an effective method for generating three-dimensional high-simulation structural models of mine soil-rock mixtures with different rock contents, and the method is simple, low in cost and high in practicability.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A generation method of a three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of a mine soil-rock mixture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) on-site survey, statistical analysis of structural characteristics of soil-rock mixture: the soil and stone segmentation threshold can be comprehensively determined based on actual engineering statistical data, relevant documents and specificationsthr；
2) Extracting geometric outline information of the block stone based on a three-dimensional structured light scanning technology: three-dimensional geometric shape scanning is carried out on the block stone by adopting three-dimensional structured light scanning equipment, and the scanned outline information of the block stone is output as an STL file;
3) smoothing the digital block stone three-dimensional geometric model: the three-dimensional digital block stone with extremely high surface relief and strong roughness is subjected to appropriate surface smoothing treatment by adopting a Laplace smoothing algorithm so as to reduce the roughness, reduce the number of odd points, optimize the number of subsequent calculation grids and improve the calculation efficiency;
4) digital block stone feature statistics and model base establishment: counting the characteristics of granularity, sphericity, roundness and the like of the block stone based on the geometric outline information of the block stone subjected to three-dimensional structured light scanning and smoothing, and establishing a three-dimensional digital block stone model database;
5) selecting a to-be-launched digital stone model; and (2) selecting digital stones with granularity, sphericity, roundness and the like similar to the characteristic data of the survey statistical analysis according to the results of the survey statistical analysis of the structural characteristics of the soil-stone mixture on site in the step (1).
6) Putting the block stone and adjusting the three-dimensional space position: adopting a constrained nonlinear optimization algorithm (CNOA algorithm) to adjust the three-dimensional space position of the block stones put in the three-dimensional space so as to ensure that the three-dimensional digital block stones are free from mutual invasion and intersection;
7) generating a three-dimensional high-simulation structural model of the mine soil-stone mixture: soil is set in the research area except the digital block stone filling area, and finally a three-dimensional high-simulation structural model of the mine soil and stone mixture is formed.
2. The generation method of the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-rock mixture according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1 the earth and stone segmentation threshold dthrIs determined by combining the results of field survey, relevant literature, specifications and engineering experience, or d can be adoptedthr＝0.05LCTo determine wherein LCThe engineering characteristic scale of the research range is obtained.
3. The generation method of the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-rock mixture according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: step 2, the three-dimensional digital block stone characteristic statistics and model base establishment are carried out, and the main statistical characteristics comprise granularity, sphericity and roundness;
the particle size is determined by the maximum diameter d of the stone particlesLIntermediate diameter dlAnd shortest diameter dsCalculated equivalent sphere diameter dnTo represent;
sphericity is determined by the ratio of the cross-section of a sphere of the same volume as the particle to the maximum projected area of the particle and can be expressed as:
roundness, which is the degree to which the corners of the particles are rounded, can be calculated by the following equation:
wherein r is the inscribed circle radius of the corner; n is the number of corners; r is the maximum inscribed circle radius of the particle.
4. The generation method of the three-dimensional high-simulation structure model of the mine soil-rock mixture according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: step 6, putting the block stone and adjusting the three-dimensional space positionDefining a set of vertices { A } for a block stone A1,A2,…,AnSet of vertices of block stone B { B1,B2,…,BnAnd a and B are respectively set as any point in the block stone A and the block stone B, and the method comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
due to the limiting condition, a and B can only move in the feasible regions of the block stone A and the block stone B respectively, so that the spatial position relation problem of the polyhedron is converted into the problem of judging the closest distance between the two points a and B, and further converted into the problem of constrained nonlinear optimization:
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