CN113589941A - Brain-computer interface system - Google Patents
Brain-computer interface system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113589941A CN113589941A CN202111014908.4A CN202111014908A CN113589941A CN 113589941 A CN113589941 A CN 113589941A CN 202111014908 A CN202111014908 A CN 202111014908A CN 113589941 A CN113589941 A CN 113589941A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- brain
- interface system
- computer interface
- electrodes
- electrode array
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002889 endothelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000701 subdural space Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004958 brain cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003710 cerebral cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
- G06F3/015—Input arrangements based on nervous system activity detection, e.g. brain waves [EEG] detection, electromyograms [EMG] detection, electrodermal response detection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a brain-computer interface system, which includes an implant device and a receiving device, the implant device and the receiving device communicate wirelessly, the implant device includes at least one electrode array, each electrode array includes a plurality of electrodes for detecting electrical signals of brain waves, the receiving device includes at least one receiving antenna, each electrode array is configured with a corresponding transmitting device, and the receiving antenna is used for communicating with the transmitting device wirelessly. The disclosed embodiment arranges the electrodes for detecting brain wave signals of neurons in the brain of a human body in an array mode and transmits signal data, and can realize diversified configuration of electric signals in multiple links such as detection, transmission and reception based on different areas, different communication frequency bands and the like on the brain, so that the problems of transmission power and bandwidth can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of human brain information acquisition technology, and in particular, to a brain-computer interface system.
Background
Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a direct connection established between the human or animal Brain (or a culture of Brain cells) and external devices. The brain-computer interface system decodes thinking by distinguishing the mode of the neural activity and realizes the communication with the external environment through a control system. In the case of a one-way brain-computer interface system, the computer receives data from the brain, or transmits data to the brain (e.g., video reconstruction), but cannot transmit and receive signals at the same time; while the bi-directional brain-computer interface allows bi-directional data exchange between the brain and external devices.
At present, the brain-computer interface system gradually develops from a wired type to a wireless type, which makes the device more portable, but the signal acquisition channels (generally referring to the number of electrodes) of the current wireless brain-computer interface system are generally within 100, and the application difficulties of the wireless brain-computer system are mainly concentrated on power consumption and bandwidth. In particular, the wireless brain-computer interface system needs to amplify and digitize hundreds of minute electrical signals generated based on the brain and continuously transmit them to nearby terminal devices, and achieve an effect of almost no delay. This requires a very large bandwidth and power efficiency, similar to streaming multiple high definition videos simultaneously on a notebook computer, and requires very low latency.
In addition, a conventional wireless brain-computer interface system generally includes a plurality of electrodes, a transmitting device, a signal receiving antenna, and a processor, wherein the transmitting device is electrically connected to all the electrodes or chips corresponding to the electrodes, so as to transmit data of the plurality of electrodes, and the signal receiving antenna located outside the human body collects the transmitted signals and transmits the signals to the processor for data analysis. However, the number of electrodes implanted in this manner cannot be too great, which would affect the efficiency of the transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present disclosure provides a brain-computer interface system to solve the problems that the brain-computer interface system in the prior art requires a large power and a large bandwidth, and cannot acquire electrical signals of brain waves through a large number of electrodes at the same time.
In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a brain-computer interface system, which includes an implant device and a receiving device, the implant device and the receiving device are in wireless communication, the implant device includes at least one electrode array, each electrode array includes a plurality of electrodes for detecting electrical signals of brain waves, the receiving device includes at least one receiving antenna, each electrode array is configured with a corresponding transmitting device, and the receiving antenna is configured to communicate with the transmitting device in a wireless manner.
In some embodiments, different ones of the electrode arrays correspond to different ones of the emitting devices and/or a plurality of ones of the electrode arrays correspond to the same one of the emitting devices.
In some embodiments, the receiving antenna is provided corresponding to one or more of the transmitting devices based on a communication frequency band.
In some embodiments, the receiving device further comprises a first processor configured to process data received by the receiving antenna.
In some embodiments, the implant device further comprises a second processor, disposed in correspondence with the electrode array, for pre-processing data acquired by the electrode array.
In some embodiments, the pre-processing comprises at least one of:
performing peak detection on the electrical signal to obtain a spike, compressing the spike, classifying the spike.
In some embodiments, the implant device further comprises a logic circuit module configured to open a transmission channel if the magnitude of the signal value of the electrical signal acquired by the electrode is greater than a set threshold.
In some embodiments, the logic circuit block includes a control transistor.
In some embodiments, a signal amplifier is further included between the first node and the second node of the control transistor.
In some embodiments, the wireless communication channel used when the transmission of the spike signal is made by the transmitting device is determined based on a priority order of communication nodes.
In some embodiments, the implant device includes a connection portion and a flexible substrate, the emitter device is connected to the connection portion, and the electrodes are arranged on the flexible substrate in a predetermined manner to form the electrode array and connected to the connection portion.
In some embodiments, the predetermined pattern comprises a single-sided arrangement or a double-sided interdigitated arrangement.
In some embodiments, the electrode further comprises a wire, and a plurality of the electrodes are connected to the connecting portion through the same wire.
In some embodiments, the flexible substrate is made of a polyimide material.
In some embodiments, the emitting device is arranged in a rectangular or serpentine shape, depending on the position of the connection.
In some embodiments, the implant device includes a connecting portion and a stent, the emitting device is connected to the connecting portion, and the electrodes are arranged on the stent in a predetermined manner to form the electrode array.
In some embodiments, the predetermined manner is a vascular arrangement.
In some embodiments, the electrode is made of at least one of the following materials: gold, platinum, PEDOT PSS.
In some embodiments, the stent is made of platinum or nickel, or by disposing polyethylene glycol or polyurethane on copper or iron.
The disclosed embodiment arranges the electrodes for detecting brain wave signals of neurons in the brain of a human body in an array mode and transmits signal data, and can realize diversified configuration of electric signals in multiple links such as detection, transmission and reception based on different areas, different communication frequency bands and the like on the brain, so that the problems of transmission power and bandwidth can be solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present disclosure, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a logic circuit module in a second processor of the brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an implant device in a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an implant device in a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an implant device in a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an implant device in a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a placement position of an implant device in a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an implant device in a brain-computer interface system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals:
1-an electrode; 10-an electrode array; 11-a transmitting device; 12-a connecting part; 13-a flexible substrate; 16-an integrated circuit board; 17-a scaffold; 100-an implant device; 200-a receiving device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components have been omitted from the present disclosure.
A first embodiment of the present disclosure provides a brain-computer interface system, as shown in fig. 1, which includes an implant device 100 and a receiving device 200, wherein the implant device 100 is configured to detect and acquire electrical signals of neurons of a brain of a human body and transmit the electrical signals to the receiving device 200, so as to facilitate subsequent data processing. The implantation device 100 herein can be implanted in the subdural cavity of the human brain, for example, or placed on the scalp surface of the human brain, and the receiving device 200 herein can be disposed in a mobile terminal such as a smart device, a computer, or the like, or can be a separate electronic device, for example. The data transmission between the implanted device 100 and the receiving device 200 is performed by wireless communication, which can facilitate the user to obtain the brain waves of the brain of the human body in real time through, for example, the mobile terminal, and any wireless communication protocol or near field communication protocol in the prior art can be used here.
In particular, the implant device 100 comprises at least one electrode array, but may also comprise a plurality of electrode arrays, each of which is used for detecting electrical signals of neurons in a specific region of the brain, and the regions detected by different electrode arrays may be different; each electrode array 10 includes a plurality of electrodes, where the electrodes are used for acquiring electrical signals generated by cerebral neurons, and in order to facilitate detection of the electrical signals, the electrodes 1 may be made of platinum, gold, silver, or other materials. In this way, more electrodes can be arranged in the implantation device 100 through the arrangement of the electrode array so as to detect the electrical signals of brain waves of the human brain more comprehensively.
Here, each of the electrode arrays is provided with a corresponding transmitting device, and the electrical signals of brain waves of a human brain acquired by the electrode arrays through the electrodes can be transmitted to the receiving device 200 through the transmitting device. The transmitting means here may be, for example, a transmitting antenna.
Further, the receiving apparatus 200 herein includes at least one receiving antenna, and the receiving antenna in the receiving apparatus 200 herein is specifically configured to communicate and perform data transmission with the transmitting apparatus by way of wireless communication. A first processor may be further disposed in the receiving apparatus 200, and the first processor is configured to process signal data received by the receiving antenna of the receiving apparatus 200.
Further, in one embodiment, different ones of the electrode arrays correspond to different ones of the emitting devices. For example, the electrode arrays and the emitting devices may correspond to each other one by one, so that when the number of the electrode arrays is large, the electric signals of different areas of the brain are transmitted by the emitting devices, thereby improving the efficiency of wireless transmission. As shown in fig. 2, the first electrode array and the second electrode array collect electrical signal data of the first group of electrodes and the second group of electrodes, respectively, and the first electrode array and the second electrode array are connected to the first transmitting device and the second transmitting device, respectively, so as to transmit electrical signals to the receiving device 200 located outside the human body through the first transmitting device and the second transmitting device, respectively, and during the transmission of signals, data transmission can be realized through a customized low power consumption protocol, for example, using manchester coding.
Of course, a part of the electrode arrays may correspond to one of the transmitting devices, and another part of the electrode arrays may correspond to another of the transmitting devices, so that the electric signals obtained by the electrodes in different electrode arrays are all transmitted to the receiving device 200 through the transmitting devices.
Further, in order to achieve better wireless transmission efficiency, different communication frequency bands may be set for each of the transmitting devices as required, and specifically, for example, the first transmitting device may use the first frequency band for data transmission, and the second transmitting device may use the second frequency band, so that it is ensured that the electrical signals transmitted by the different electrode arrays do not crosstalk with each other.
Further, the receiving device 200 receives the signal data transmitted by the transmitting device through the receiving antenna, for example, receives the signal data of different communication frequency bands transmitted by the first transmitting device and the second transmitting device through the receiving antenna, and transmits the collected signal to the first processor for processing through an optical fiber or the like. Of course, the number of the receiving antennas can be selected to be 1 or more. Wherein, signals of different communication frequency bands transmitted by a plurality of said transmitting devices can be received by 1 said receiving antenna, that is, such said receiving antenna has the function of receiving signals of multiple frequency bands. Fig. 2 illustrates the electrode array using 2 sets, but it is needless to say that the electrode array may be designed to have 5 sets, 10 sets, 20 sets, or the like. Different transmitting devices can select different communication frequency bands, for example, a first transmitting device can select a communication frequency band of 3.5GHz, and a second transmitting device can select a communication frequency band of 3.2GHz, so that signals are prevented from interfering with each other in transmission.
Furthermore, since the requirement for the accuracy and the sensitivity of the analysis of the electrical signals of the brain waves is high, and the electrical signals of brain waves at a large number of positions are simultaneously collected by arranging the plurality of electrode arrays, considering that the frequency bands of the receiving antenna with the multi-band signal receiving function may affect each other when the number of the electrode arrays is large, a plurality of receiving antennas may be arranged to respectively receive signals of different communication frequency bands sent by a plurality of transmitting devices to ensure the signal fidelity in the wireless transmission process, that is, such receiving antennas have the function of receiving signals of a single frequency band. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, for example, specifically, the electrical signal data of the first group of electrodes and the second group of electrodes are collected by the first electrode array and the second electrode array respectively, and the signals are transmitted to the receiving device 200 outside the human body by a customized low power consumption protocol through a first transmitting device and a second transmitting device and by manchester coding, wherein the first transmitting device uses a communication frequency band of 3.5GHZ, the second transmitting device uses a communication frequency band of 3.2GHZ, the receiving device 200 receives the signals through two receiving antennas, wherein the first receiving antenna receives the signals of the communication frequency band of 3.5GHZ, the second receiving antenna receives the signals of the communication frequency band of 3.2GHZ, so that no crosstalk occurs between the signals through the receiving antennas with different frequency band signal receiving functions, and the signals of the electrode arrays are doubly superimposed through the receiving antennas, the maximization of the signal transmission efficiency is realized.
In another embodiment, since the wireless data transmission between the implanted device 100 and the receiving device 200 is susceptible to external electromagnetic interference, there is a problem that the maximum efficiency of data transmission cannot be guaranteed when receiving data only through the receiving antenna of a single frequency band, and for this reason, a plurality of receiving antennas may be further provided to form an antenna group, a part of the receiving antennas are used to receive signals of a single communication frequency band, and a part of the receiving antennas may receive and process signals of all communication frequency bands. For example, as shown in fig. 4, a first electrode array and a second electrode array collect electrical signal data of a first group of electrodes and a second group of electrodes, respectively, and transmit signals to the receiving device 200 outside the human body through a first transmitting device and a second transmitting device by using manchester coding and a customized low-power consumption protocol, wherein the first transmitting device uses a communication frequency band of 3.5GHZ, the second transmitting device uses a communication frequency band of 3.2GHZ, and the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna can both receive signals of two communication frequency bands in the receiving device 200; in another embodiment, the first receiving antenna may receive signals in a 3.5GHz communication band, the second receiving antenna may receive signals in a 3.2GHz communication band, and the third receiving antenna may receive signal data in all communication bands; finally, the signal data received by all the receiving antennas in the receiving device 200 are simultaneously transmitted to the first processor for comparison and analysis, so that the authenticity of the signal is guaranteed with the maximum efficiency. This may further improve the fidelity of the signal, although it may increase the computational pressure of the signal processing.
Considering the power consumption problem of the implant device 100, the first processor is often disposed only at the receiving device 200 for analyzing and processing the acquired signals. In another embodiment, in order to achieve the advanced processing of the electrical signals of the brain waves detected by the electrodes in the electrode array, a second processor may be further disposed in the implant device 100, the second processor is connected to the corresponding electrode array and the transmitting device, the second processor is used to achieve the preprocessing of the electrical signals of the brain waves acquired by the electrodes, and the transmitting device is used to transmit the preprocessed electrical signals to the external receiving device 200 for further processing. As shown in fig. 5, a second processor is provided for the first electrode array and the second electrode array, respectively, to perform preprocessing of signal data.
In general, considering that the spike signal in the electrical signal of brain waves of a human brain often reflects more brain information, in order to make the processing of the electrical signal of brain waves more targeted, there are various ways of performing corresponding preprocessing by the second processor, for example, filtering the electrical signal of brain waves and performing peak detection on the filtered electrical signal of brain waves, and transmitting only the detected peak signal by the transmitting device, or performing in vivo compression on the detected spike signal to reduce the consumption of wireless transmission, but of course, performing peak classification processing on the peak signal, that is, classifying the peak value of the electrical signal of brain waves.
For this purpose, in one embodiment, the implant device 100 further includes a logic circuit module, and the electrical signals of the brain waves collected by the electrodes are processed by the logic circuit module and then wirelessly transmitted, where the logic circuit module may be configured to transmit only spike signals, which are electrical signals of brain waves with signal value amplitudes of the electrical signals above a certain threshold, and the transmission channel may be opened only when the signal value amplitudes of the electrical signals are greater than the set threshold. In addition, the data amount required to be transmitted can be reduced by compressing the electrical signals of the brain waves in the logic circuit module, and only characteristic signal data, such as spike signal data, is transmitted, so that the transmission pertinence of the signal data is stronger, and the consumption in data wireless transmission is further reduced.
For example, as shown in fig. 6, the logic circuit module includes a control transistor, and the control transistor is configured to control the transmission channel to conduct and transmit the electrical signal collected by the electrode to the transmitting device when the electrical signal collected by the electrode, i.e., the signal of the first node N1 and the second node N2, is greater than a certain threshold.
Further, a signal amplifier is further included between the first node N1 and the second node N2 of the control transistor, the signal amplifier amplifies the electrical signal, and the signal amplitude of the second node N2 is larger than that of the first node N1. Because the amplitude of the electroencephalogram signal is about dozens of MuV generally, the threshold value of the control transistor can be set more flexibly through the design of the signal amplifier, and the signal processing is more accurate in practical use. The signal amplifier may further comprise one or more of a common emitter amplification circuit, a unipolar common emitter amplification circuit, a common collector amplification circuit.
In another embodiment, as mentioned above, the data transmission between the implant device 100 and the receiving device 200 is performed by wireless communication, since the implant device 100 may include a plurality of electrode arrays and a plurality of transmitting devices, and the receiving device 200 may include a plurality of receiving antennas, there may be a plurality of nodes, such as a transmitting node and a receiving node, during the wireless transmission process, and a plurality of communication channels are used for transmission between the plurality of nodes. The conventional fixed channel method is generally adopted in the prior art, which results in a large number of required communication channels, and mutual interference between different nodes is also easy to generate. This may also lead to that in some cases, for example, in the above embodiment, when the transmitting device is controlled to transmit only the spike signal whose signal value is greater than a certain threshold, there will be a "vacancy" condition in the actual communication channel, and in this embodiment, the data transmission of each node does not need to be fixed on a certain communication channel, but is selected from all available communication channels, which may greatly reduce the consumption of signal resources. In this case, since the nodes can utilize the channel resources of a plurality of communication channels, it is only necessary to ensure that two nodes exchanging information are in the same channel to communicate. Therefore, prior to communication between a sending node and a receiving node, a negotiation is required to determine the communication channel to be used for data transmission.
Further, in the process of determining the adopted communication channel, the priority algorithm may be adopted by each sending node to determine the priority of the self and the adjacent nodes at each time point, for example, the priority is 0 when no signal is propagated, the priority is 1 when signal transmission exists, and the priority is 2 when signals are dense, so that the coordinated transmission of signals between the sending node and the receiving node is realized by sorting the priorities of each sending node in real time and sending the sorting result to the receiving node.
On the other hand, considering that the implant device 100 herein can be implanted in the subdural space of the human brain, for example, and can also be placed on the surface of the scalp of the human brain, the specific structure of the implant device 100 will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
In one embodiment, the implant device 100 includes a connection portion and a flexible substrate, the emitting device is connected to the connection portion, the electrodes are arranged on the flexible substrate in a predetermined manner to form the electrode array and are connected to the connection portion, wherein the predetermined manner includes a single-sided arrangement or a double-sided cross arrangement. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the implant device 100 includes a connection portion 12 and a flexible substrate 13, at least one electrode array 10 is formed on the flexible substrate 13, an integrated circuit board is disposed in the connection portion 12, and the above-mentioned transmitting device, a second processor, and the like may also be disposed in the connection portion 12. In addition, a wire or the like may be further disposed on the flexible substrate 13, one end of the wire being connected to the electrode 1 in the electrode array 10, and the other end thereof being electrically connected to the transmitting device or the second processor in the connecting portion 12, so that the electrical signal of the cerebral neuron detected by the electrode 1 can be transmitted to the transmitting device or the second processor.
The flexible substrate 13 may be made of polyimide or other materials, which have the characteristics of insulation, flexibility, and good biocompatibility. Further, the width of the flexible substrate 13 may be set to be less than 1mm, and the length may be set to be 0.5cm,1cm,5cm, etc., which may be adjusted according to the implantation range. The connecting part can be made of polyimide and other materials with good biocompatibility. It is understood that the connecting portion may be integrally formed during the manufacturing process when the material of the connecting portion is the same as the material of the flexible substrate.
Further, here with respect to the electrode array 10, a line array may be employed. The implant device 100 adopting the above structure is easily implanted into the cortex of the brain with less damage to the cortex.
Specifically, the electrodes 1 are arranged on the flexible substrate 13 in a predetermined manner to form the electrode array 10, for example, a plurality of the electrodes 1 may be arranged on the flexible substrate 13 in a linear manner, for example, 5, 10, 32, 96 electrodes 1 are arranged in sequence, and the positions of the electrodes 1 on the flexible substrate 13 may be set according to actual conditions, wherein, as shown in fig. 7, the electrodes 1 may be arranged in a single-side manner, i.e., arranged on one side inside the flexible substrate 13, and the arrangement occupies a smaller area and causes less damage to the cortex of the brain. Of course, as shown in fig. 8, the electrodes 1 may also be arranged in a double-sided cross manner, that is, arranged on two sides inside the flexible substrate 13, for example, as shown in fig. 8, the electrodes 1 may be arranged in a fork-like manner, so that as many electrodes 1 as possible may be arranged in the same area on the flexible substrate 13, thereby collecting electrical signals at more sites.
In addition, as shown in fig. 9, on the flexible substrate 13, a plurality of electrodes 1, for example, two electrodes 1, may be connected to the connecting portion 12 by the same wire, so as to realize superposition of electrical signals collected by adjacent electrodes, and transmit the superposed adjacent signals to the external receiving device 200 to perform signal splitting processing, thereby reducing data amount of wireless transmission.
In the internal structure of the implant device 100, it is considered that a typical brain-computer interface system may include tens or even hundreds of the electrode arrays, so that a single electrode array may be directly electrically connected to one of the transmitting devices, or a plurality of electrode arrays may be combined together via an integrated circuit board in the connecting portion and connected to the transmitting device via the integrated circuit board to transmit data. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the implant device 100 includes a connecting portion 12 and a plurality of electrode arrays 10, wherein the distal ends of the electrode arrays 10 are implanted into the cerebral cortex to collect electrical signals generated by neurons; the integrated circuit board is arranged in the connecting part 12, and at least one emitting device 11 is electrically connected with a plurality of electrode arrays 10 through the integrated circuit board, for example, one emitting device can correspond to 1, 2, 5 or even 10 electrode arrays 10; of course, a second processor may be further included in the connection portion 12, where the second processor is configured to perform preprocessing, such as signal compression processing and the like, on the electrical signals of the brain waves collected by each electrode array 10, and the transmitting device transmits the electrical signals preprocessed by the second processor.
Further, according to the different positions of the connecting portion 12 on the brain of the human body, the shape of the transmitting device 1 such as the transmitting antenna can be set, as shown in fig. 11, for example, the connecting portion 12 can be set on the skull bone of the brain, because the brain has less interference to the signal transmission, the corresponding transmitting antenna such as the transmitting antenna can be set to be rectangular, and because the rectangular transmitting antenna has higher impedance, the signal sensitivity obtained at this time is higher. Of course, the connection portion 12 may also be arranged in the subdural space under the skull of the brain, in which case the signal transmission process may be disturbed by the skull, and therefore, the transmitting antenna may be a serpentine antenna to receive more power.
In another embodiment, the implant device may further include a connecting portion and a stent, the emitting device being connected to the connecting portion, the electrodes being arranged on the stent in a predetermined manner to form the electrode array. The implant device is configured to be placed in a blood vessel of the brain of a human, and in particular, as shown in fig. 12, the electrode array 10 arrangement may also be in the form of a stent 17, wherein the stent 17 has a blood vessel shape and can be supported in the blood vessel of the human, and by placing the electrodes 1 on the stent 17, electrical signals can be collected through the blood vessel endothelial cells.
Specifically, the stent 17 may be made of a material with good biocompatibility, such as platinum and nickel, or a layer of material, such as polyethylene glycol and polyurethane, may be combined with a conductive material, such as copper and iron. The electrode 1 can be made of gold, platinum, PEDOT PSS and other materials.
The implant device 100 according to the present embodiment can be stably supported in a blood vessel, and thus it is particularly suitable for detecting an electrical signal of brain waves in a human body movement, and particularly, when it is necessary to detect an electrical signal of a neuron in a movement intention of a user, the stent 17 can be implanted into a blood vessel near a motor nerve center and spread, so that the electrode 1 can collect an electrical signal generated in the nerve center conducted by a blood vessel endothelial cell. It is understood that a plurality of said stents 17 may be implanted in a section of blood vessel, each of said stents 17 having a separate said ic board 16 and said emitting device 11 for transmitting the collected signals to said receiving device 200 outside the human body, or a plurality of said emitting devices may be provided on a longer section of said stents 17, each of said emitting devices corresponding to a different said electrode 1, for reducing the power consumption during wireless transmission by grouping said electrodes 1.
In addition, for the implant device 100 in any of the above embodiments, a wireless charging module may be further disposed in the implant device 100, so that the implant device 100 can be charged by an external magnetic field to ensure that the implant device 100 can be used for a long time, for example, the stent 17 may be configured as an electromagnetic coil to realize electromagnetic charging.
In addition, with respect to the implant device 100 in any of the above embodiments, an LED light source, a photoelectric sensor, and the like may also be provided in the implant device 100 to detect parameters such as blood flow and blood oxygen saturation, so that the electrical signals of brain waves may be synthesized to help analyze the intention of the user.
The disclosed embodiment arranges the electrodes for detecting brain wave signals of neurons in the brain of a human body in an array mode and transmits signal data, and can realize diversified configuration of electric signals in multiple links such as detection, transmission and reception based on different areas, different communication frequency bands and the like on the brain, so that the problems of transmission power and bandwidth can be solved.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the disclosure and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the disclosure herein is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other embodiments in which any combination of the features described above or their equivalents does not depart from the spirit of the disclosure. For example, the above features and (but not limited to) the features disclosed in this disclosure having similar functions are replaced with each other to form the technical solution.
Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order. Under certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.
Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
While the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations based on the concept of the present disclosure, and the modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the present disclosure as claimed.
Claims (19)
1. A brain-computer interface system, comprising an implantation device and a receiving device, wherein the implantation device and the receiving device are in wireless communication, the implantation device comprises at least one electrode array, each electrode array comprises a plurality of electrodes for detecting electrical signals of brain waves, the receiving device comprises at least one receiving antenna, and the brain-computer interface system is characterized in that each electrode array is provided with a corresponding transmitting device, and the receiving antenna is used for communicating with the transmitting device in a wireless mode.
2. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 1, wherein different said electrode arrays correspond to different said emitting devices and/or a plurality of said electrode arrays correspond to the same said emitting devices.
3. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 1, wherein the receiving antenna is provided corresponding to one or more of the transmitting devices based on a communication frequency band.
4. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 1, wherein the receiving device further comprises a first processor for processing the data received by the receiving antenna.
5. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 1, wherein the implant device further comprises a second processor disposed in correspondence with the electrode array for pre-processing data acquired by the electrode array.
6. The interface system according to claim 5, wherein the preprocessing comprises at least one of:
performing peak detection on the electrical signal to obtain a spike, compressing the spike, classifying the spike.
7. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 1, wherein the implanted device further comprises a logic circuit module configured to open a transmission channel if the magnitude of the signal value of the electrical signal collected by the electrode is greater than a set threshold.
8. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 7, wherein the logic circuit module includes a control transistor.
9. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 8, further comprising a signal amplifier between the first node and the second node of the control transistor.
10. The brain-computer interface system according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein the communication channels to be used are determined based on the priority order of the communication nodes when the transmission of the signals is performed by the transmitting means.
11. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 1, wherein the implant device includes a connection portion and a flexible substrate, the emitter device being connected to the connection portion, the electrodes being arranged on the flexible substrate and connected to the connection portion in a predetermined manner to form the electrode array.
12. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 11, wherein the predetermined manner includes a unilateral arrangement or a bilateral crossing arrangement.
13. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 11, further comprising wires, a plurality of the electrodes being connected to the connection portion by the same wires.
14. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 11, wherein the flexible substrate is made of a polyimide material.
15. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 11, wherein the transmitting means is configured in a rectangular or serpentine shape according to different positions of the connecting portion.
16. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 1, wherein the implant device includes a connecting portion and a stent, the emitting device being connected to the connecting portion, the electrodes being arranged on the stent in a predetermined manner to form the electrode array.
17. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 16, wherein the predetermined manner is a vascular arrangement.
18. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 16, wherein the electrodes are made of at least one of the following materials: gold, platinum, PEDOT PSS.
19. The brain-computer interface system according to claim 16, wherein the stent is made of platinum or nickel, or made by disposing polyethylene glycol or polyurethane on copper or iron.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111014908.4A CN113589941A (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Brain-computer interface system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111014908.4A CN113589941A (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Brain-computer interface system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113589941A true CN113589941A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
Family
ID=78240606
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111014908.4A Pending CN113589941A (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Brain-computer interface system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113589941A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117770870A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-03-29 | 之江实验室 | Ultrasonic imaging method and device based on double-linear-array ultrasonic field separation |
Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1981447A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2007-06-13 | 摩托罗拉公司 | Method and apparatus for closed loop transmission |
| CN101032397A (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2007-09-12 | 上海交通大学 | Portable wireless communication multichannel brain electric data collecting instrument |
| CN101075374A (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2007-11-21 | 北京必创科技有限公司 | Apparatus for realizing low-consumption wireless monitor |
| CN101357251A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-02-04 | 重庆大学 | Multichannel nerve electric stimulation transmission device based on micro-coil array |
| CN101385254A (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2009-03-11 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Data processing device, tomography apparatus for examination of an object of interest, method of examining an object of interest, computer-readable medium and program element |
| CN101729467A (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-06-09 | 索尼株式会社 | Receiving device, receiving method, program and wireless communication system |
| CN102781115A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2012-11-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | Automatic channel selection method based on channel order in dense wireless fidelity (WiFi) |
| CN103616729A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-03-05 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | UWB bio-radar-based multiple-human body object estimation method and system |
| CN104219789A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-17 | 东南大学 | WSN information sensing system and method for water level monitoring |
| CN106725459A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-31 | 电子科技大学 | Eeg signal acquisition system |
| CN108289614A (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2018-07-17 | 威里利生命科学有限责任公司 | Radio frequency and optical pickup scanning array |
| CN110022008A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-16 | 苏州佳世达电通有限公司 | Electronic device and wireless charging system |
| CN110736856A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-01-31 | 上海云掌智能科技有限公司 | kinds of low power consumption collapse meter |
| CN111772630A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-16 | 清华大学 | Brain-computer interface with gel micro-needle brain electrode |
-
2021
- 2021-08-31 CN CN202111014908.4A patent/CN113589941A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1981447A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2007-06-13 | 摩托罗拉公司 | Method and apparatus for closed loop transmission |
| CN101385254A (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2009-03-11 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Data processing device, tomography apparatus for examination of an object of interest, method of examining an object of interest, computer-readable medium and program element |
| CN101032397A (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2007-09-12 | 上海交通大学 | Portable wireless communication multichannel brain electric data collecting instrument |
| CN101075374A (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2007-11-21 | 北京必创科技有限公司 | Apparatus for realizing low-consumption wireless monitor |
| CN101357251A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-02-04 | 重庆大学 | Multichannel nerve electric stimulation transmission device based on micro-coil array |
| CN101729467A (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-06-09 | 索尼株式会社 | Receiving device, receiving method, program and wireless communication system |
| CN102781115A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2012-11-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | Automatic channel selection method based on channel order in dense wireless fidelity (WiFi) |
| CN103616729A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-03-05 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | UWB bio-radar-based multiple-human body object estimation method and system |
| CN104219789A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-17 | 东南大学 | WSN information sensing system and method for water level monitoring |
| CN108289614A (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2018-07-17 | 威里利生命科学有限责任公司 | Radio frequency and optical pickup scanning array |
| CN106725459A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-31 | 电子科技大学 | Eeg signal acquisition system |
| CN110022008A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-16 | 苏州佳世达电通有限公司 | Electronic device and wireless charging system |
| CN110736856A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-01-31 | 上海云掌智能科技有限公司 | kinds of low power consumption collapse meter |
| CN111772630A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-16 | 清华大学 | Brain-computer interface with gel micro-needle brain electrode |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 胡巍;赵章琰;路知远;陈香;: "无线多通道表面肌电信号采集系统设计", 电子测量与仪器学报, no. 11, 15 November 2009 (2009-11-15), pages 31 - 35 * |
| 黄龙;颜卓程;薛苗苗;夏阳;高敏;林媛;刘铁军;: "基于容性电极的多通道皮层脑电采集系统", 电子科技, no. 12, 11 December 2018 (2018-12-11) * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117770870A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-03-29 | 之江实验室 | Ultrasonic imaging method and device based on double-linear-array ultrasonic field separation |
| CN117770870B (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-05-10 | 之江实验室 | Ultrasonic imaging method and device based on double-linear-array ultrasonic field separation |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9918650B2 (en) | EEG monitor with capacitive electrodes and a method of monitoring brain waves | |
| US9014810B2 (en) | Implantable device of the neural interface type and associated method | |
| US11607538B2 (en) | Fully implanted, wireless, flexible CMOS surface recording device | |
| US20060293578A1 (en) | Brian machine interface device | |
| KR101466440B1 (en) | Wearable antenna with dual band | |
| US20150038864A1 (en) | Living body detection sensor, communication apparatus having living body detection sensor, metal detection sensor | |
| CN113589941A (en) | Brain-computer interface system | |
| WO2017035530A1 (en) | Flexible complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor probes for chronic, large-scale neural stimulation and recording | |
| Moradi et al. | Analysis of wireless powering of mm-size neural recording tags in RFID-inspired wireless brain-machine interface systems | |
| US20170126282A1 (en) | Sensor devices and systems for powering same including examples of body-area networks powered by near-field communication devices | |
| EP3678734A2 (en) | Implantable medical device with multi-band loop antenna | |
| CN114209332A (en) | Neural interface system | |
| Mukala et al. | A novel Zigbee-based low-cost, low-power wireless EKG system | |
| CN102824169A (en) | Implantable neural signal recording system based on body channel transmission technology | |
| KR102516252B1 (en) | Device for wirelessly transmitting power to neural signal processing device | |
| Moradi et al. | Antenna design for implanted tags in wireless brain machine interface system | |
| CN111385034A (en) | Wearable human body communication method and device capable of self-adaptive optimization | |
| CN110850978A (en) | Full-implanted brain-computer interface system | |
| Grosinger et al. | Evaluating on-body RFID systems at 900 MHz and 2.45 GHz | |
| Miozzi et al. | Performance evaluations of UHF-RFID flexible antennas fully-integrated with epidermal sensor board | |
| US20220095992A1 (en) | Brain activity monitoring | |
| Al-Armaghany et al. | Feasibility study for future implantable neural-silicon interface devices | |
| KR102525473B1 (en) | Brain implantable flexible probe | |
| Moradi et al. | Antenna design considerations for far field and near field wireless body-centric systems | |
| KR102516251B1 (en) | Neural signal processing device embedded in upper portion of brain of experimental animal and method for operating thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |