CN113589880B - Optical device for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on time domain signal and space domain signal - Google Patents
Optical device for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on time domain signal and space domain signal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An optical device for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on a time domain signal and a space domain signal simultaneously utilizes a time dimension and a space dimension to represent an input complex vector. By utilizing a balanced unitary matrix decomposition method and configuring decomposed parameters into an optical device, an arbitrary unitary matrix calculation function can be realized. The unitary matrix decomposition method determines the physical structure of the optical device, and further determines the insertion loss uniformity among different light paths. The invention has the characteristics of uniform insertion loss and extremely high fidelity, and is suitable for large-scale complex vector calculation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical computation, in particular to an optical device for simultaneously performing unitary matrix computation on time domain signals and space domain signals.
Background
Unitary matrices are a special matrix form that mathematically describes the process of linearly rotating vectors in a hilbert space, and physically describes the process of passing an input signal of a complex system (e.g., quantum system, optical system, electromagnetic system, etc.) through a lossless transmission processing system. Therefore, the computation and simulation of unitary matrices plays an extremely important role in a number of disciplines. Since the physical process of light propagation in a lossless structure is equivalent to the computation of a unitary matrix, we can implement definable unitary matrix computation means by constructing an artificial structure to control the propagation path of light.
The conventional optical unitary matrix computing device performs computation on spatially distributed optical information, that is, uses light at different positions in space to express different values of an input complex vector. The output complex vector is then obtained by reading the values at different positions of the output light field through a lossless structure. This is called spatial unitary matrix computation. Typical results of unitary matrix calculations in the optical airspace include the following two terms (Michael Reck and Anton Zeilinger, "Experimental realization of any discrete unitary operator," Physics Review Letters, vol.73, no.1, pp.58-61,1994 and William r.clements, peter c. Hummphreys, benjamin J.Metcalf, W.Steven Kolthammer, and Ian a. Walmsley, "Optimal design for universal multiport interferometers," Optica, vol.3, no.12, pp.1460-1465,2016).
However, in many applications, complex vector information is not only loaded on different spaces, but also on different times, for example, quantum information encoded by a timestamp, and light quanta on the same path represent different quanta bits at different times, and the spatial dimension is 1, but the temporal dimension is extensible, so that unitary matrix calculation on the time information is also a key of research. Such unitary matrix computing devices are known as time domain unitary matrix computing, and representative optical time domain unitary matrix computing devices are described in (Keith r. Motes, alexei gilchist, jonathan p. Dowling, and Peter p. Rohde1, "Scalable Boson sampling with time-bin encoding using a loop-based architecture," Physics Review Letters, vol.113, no.120501,2014).
On the basis, if the time dimension and the space dimension can be utilized simultaneously, namely, the optical information is not only expressed on different time stamps, but also distributed on different spaces, so that the dimension of the input complex vector can be greatly improved, the complexity of the calculation problem is improved, and the complex problem in a real scene is solved. In order to make full use of the time and space information, it becomes critical to develop a device for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on the time domain signal and the space domain signal. Ish Dhand et al propose a unitary matrix computing device that utilizes both time and space dimensions, see (Ish Dhand and Sandeep K. Goyal, realization of arbitrary discrete unitary transformations using spatial and internal modes of light, physics Review A, vol.92, no.043813,2015 and Daiqin Su, ish Dhand, lukas G.Helt, zachary Vernon, and Kamil Br a dler, hybrid spatiotemporal architectures for universal linear optics, physics Review A, vol.99, no.062301,2019), but the above-described device has a dramatic increase in non-uniformity of its output results due to the problem of its unitary matrix decomposition method upon expansion of scale, greatly reducing the fidelity of unitary matrix computation, which cannot be put to practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical device for simultaneously carrying out unitary matrix calculation on a time domain signal and a space domain signal. By utilizing a balanced unitary matrix decomposition method and configuring decomposed parameters into an optical device, an arbitrary unitary matrix calculation function can be realized. And, since the unitary matrix decomposition method adopted determines the physical architecture of the optical device, the insertion loss uniformity among different light paths is determined. The device provided by the invention has the characteristics of uniform insertion loss and extremely high fidelity, and can be truly suitable for large-scale complex vector calculation in practical application.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows.
An optical device for simultaneously carrying out unitary matrix calculation on time domain signals and space domain signals is characterized in that an input signal is M paths of optical signals, each path of optical signals is uniformly divided into N time points, the interval of the time points is deltat, the light field complex amplitude of each time point represents a complex number, M paths of optical signals are combined to express a complex vector with dimension of M multiplied by N, wherein M is an integer multiple of 2 and is more than or equal to 4, and N is a positive integer;
the device is formed by cascading M multiplied by N modulator modules and M multiplied by N delay crossing modules,
each modulator module comprises M/2 parallel two-input two-output Mach-Zehnder modulators (hereinafter referred to as "modulators"), each modulator comprises two 1:1 optical splitters, two phase-shifting arms are arranged between the two optical splitters, one phase-shifting arm is provided with a 1 st phase shifter, and signals can be loaded on the 1 st phase shifter so as to change the optical phase of the phase-shifting arm; a 2 nd phase shifter is arranged in front of one of the output ports of the modulator and used for introducing extra phase, and a unit for unitary matrix calculation is formed by arranging two phase shifters on the modulator, so that a small unitary matrix calculation with 2 x 2 dimensions can be performed on an input optical signal;
each delay crossing module comprises an optical delay line and an optical path crossing structure, wherein the optical delay line is a single-input single-output component, the input optical signals are delayed by delta t and then output, and the optical path crossing structure is an M-path input M-path output component and is used for crossing the M-th input light to the 1 st output and the i-th input light to the i+1th output, wherein i is equal to M;
the connection mode of each part of the device is as follows:
firstly, the internal connection mode of the delay crossing module is as follows: before the optical delay line is connected to the Mth input port of the optical path crossing structure, the front M-1 input ports of the delay crossing module are the front M-1 input ports of the optical path crossing structure, and the Mth input port of the delay crossing module is the input port of the optical delay line;
the input optical signals are input by M input ports of the first-stage modulator module, M output ports of the first-stage modulator module are sequentially and respectively connected with M input ports of the first-stage delay crossing module, M output ports of the first-stage delay crossing module are sequentially and respectively connected with M input ports of the second-stage modulator module, all modulator modules are cascaded with the delay crossing module by pushing the same, and the calculation result is output by the MxN-stage delay crossing module.
An optical device for simultaneously carrying out unitary matrix calculation on time domain signals and space domain signals is characterized in that an input signal is M paths of optical signals, each path of optical signals is uniformly divided into N time points, the interval of the time points is deltat, the light field complex amplitude of each time point represents a complex number, M paths of optical signals are combined to express a complex vector with dimension of M multiplied by N, wherein M is an integer multiple of 2 and is more than or equal to 4, and N is a positive integer;
the device consists of a modulator module, a delay crossing module, M optical switches at an input end, M optical switches at an output end and M long delay lines, wherein the delay length of the long delay lines is more than or equal to N multiplied by delta t, the delay crossing module crosses the input light of the Mth path to the 1 st path of output, and crosses the input light of the ith path to the (i+1) th path of output, wherein i is not equal to M, and the connection modes among the components are as follows:
the input end M optical switches are used for selectively inputting signals, each of the input end M optical switches is provided with two input ports and one output port, each of the input end M optical switches is provided with one of the two input ports and is connected to the output port, M paths of optical signals are sequentially connected to one of the input ports of the input end M optical switches respectively, M output ports of the M optical switches are sequentially connected to the M input ports of the modulator module respectively, M output ports of the modulator module are sequentially connected to the M input ports of the delay crossover module respectively, the M optical switches at the output end are used for selectively outputting signals, each of the M optical switches at the output end is provided with one of the input ports and two output ports, each of the M output ports of the delay crossover module is connected to one of the input ports of the M optical switches at the output end respectively, each of the M optical switches at the output end uses one of the M optical switches as a final output port to be connected to the remaining output port through one of the output ports in turn, and the remaining optical switches are sequentially connected to the input port through the output port.
The implementation platform can be a system formed by discrete devices, an integrated chip platform or a system formed by the discrete devices and the integrated chip in a mixed mode. When implemented using discrete devices, the connection between the components may be by way of optical fibers, spatial optics, etc. that limit the path of travel of the light beam; when implemented using an integrated chip, the connection between the components may be made using an integrated waveguide.
The modulator employed is based on an optical phase-shift Mach-Zehnder interference structure. The implementation mode of the optical phase shift can utilize the principle that the optical refractive index can be changed by external energy such as lithium niobate bubble kerr effect, carrier dispersion effect and the like.
The optical delay line is realized by optical fiber delay line, optical waveguide delay line, slow optical delay line or space free propagation delay, etc. and can be also realized by optical access, etc. by utilizing the storage time.
The working principle of the device is as follows.
Let q=m×n. A unitary matrix of dimension q×q can be decomposed into a plurality of rotation matrices and a result of multiplication of a diagonal matrix by matrix elimination, and is represented by the following expression.
Wherein U is the original unitary matrix, and D is the diagonal matrix. T (T) m,n For the rotation matrix, the following characteristics are provided: let the element of the ith row and jth column in the rotation matrix be t i,j Rotation matrix T m,n Is characterized by t m,m ，t m,n ，t n,m ，t n,n These 4 elements constitute a 2 x 2 small unitary matrix, and the elements at the other positions are a unitary matrix, i.e., all 1's on the diagonal. S is a value set of (m, n) two-element, when the formula (1) is calculated, (m, n) sequentially takes values in the S set to obtain corresponding rotation matrixes, and all the rotation matrixes are multiplied to calculate the U matrix. Different S sets can be obtained through different matrix elimination sequences, so that different hardware deployment rules are corresponding. The matrix used in this device was assigned to the order of elimination (William R.clements, peter C. Humphreys, benjamin J.Metcalf, W.Steven Kolthammer, and Ian A. Walmsley, "Optimal design for universal multiport interferometers," optics, vol.3, no.12, pp.1460-1465,2016). By using the unitary matrix decomposition method described in the above document, it is possible to decompose a unitary matrix of an arbitrary dimension into a result of multiplication of a plurality of rotation matrices. One decomposition result when q=m×n=4×2=8 is described in detail in the specific embodiment.
The modulator in the device has the effect that by configuring two phase shifters, a 2×2 unitary matrix calculation can be applied to two simultaneously input optical field complex amplitudes, which is equivalent to realizing a rotation matrix. When the two light field complex amplitudes of the input represent the m-th and n-th dimensions of the Q-dimensional complex vector, respectively, the modulator implements a rotation matrix of T m,n . Therefore, we can complete rotation matrix calculation sequentially by taking out (m, n) tuples in order in the S set and inputting the m-th and n-th dimensions of complex vector into a certain modulator. For a modulator, after it completes one 2×2 unitary matrix calculation, the light field complex amplitude at the current time point will output the modulator, and the light field complex amplitude at the next time point will input the modulator, and at this time, the configuration of the phase shifter will be changed to realize a correct 2×2 unitary matrix calculation. After the (m, n) binary group traverses the S set, the output result is the unitary matrixCalculation result of U. In order to make the light field complex amplitude input into each modulator correctly express the value corresponding to the (m, n) binary group, a delay and intersection module is needed to regulate and control.
By the above configuration of the apparatus, the whole apparatus can be expressed mathematically as a unitary matrix U, and the input complex vector can be calculated to obtain the output complex vector. In the specific embodiment, when q=m×n=4×2=8, the working principle and the signal conversion process of each component are described in detail.
The device has an equivalent variant, and consists of a modulator module, a delay crossover module, 2×M optical switches and M long delay lines. The delay length of the long delay line must be equal to or greater than nxΔt. The connection between the components is as follows.
The M optical switches are used for selectively inputting signals, each optical switch has two input ports and one output port, and one of the two input ports is selected by the optical switch to be connected to the output port. The M paths of optical signals are respectively connected to one of the input ports of the M optical switches in sequence. The M output ports of the optical switch array are respectively connected to the M input ports of the modulator module in sequence. The M output ports of the modulator module are sequentially and respectively connected to the M input ports of the delay crossover module. The M optical switches are used for selectively outputting signals. Each optical switch has one input port and two output ports, and the optical switch selects the input port to be connected to one output port. The M output ports of the delay crossover module are sequentially and respectively connected to the input ports of the M optical switches. Each of the M optical switches uses one output port as an output port of a final calculation result, and the remaining M output ports are respectively connected in series with one long delay line and are sequentially connected to the unused input ports of the input optical switch.
The working principle of the deformation device is similar to that of the original device. The modulator module performs the computation of the rotation matrix and the delay-crossing module correctly distributes the complex amplitudes of the light field at different positions and time points. The calculated result enters a long delay line through an optical switch at the output end, and then returns to the modulator module and the delay crossing module through the optical switch at the input end for calculation again. And repeatedly circularly calculating M multiplied by N times, switching an optical switch at the output end, and outputting a calculation result.
The implementation platform can be a system formed by discrete devices, an integrated chip platform or a system formed by the discrete devices and the integrated chip in a mixed mode. When implemented using discrete devices, the connection between the components may be by way of optical fibers, spatial optics, etc. that limit the path of travel of the light beam; when implemented using an integrated chip, the connection between the components may be made using an integrated waveguide.
The modulator employed is based on an optical phase-shift Mach-Zehnder interference structure. The implementation mode of the optical phase shift can utilize the principle that the optical refractive index can be changed by external energy such as lithium niobate bubble kerr effect, carrier dispersion effect and the like.
The optical delay line may be a component for realizing a delay effect by the propagation time of light, such as an optical fiber delay line, an optical waveguide delay line, a slow optical delay line, and a space free propagation delay, or a component for realizing a delay effect by using a storage time, such as optical access.
The invention has the technical advantages that:
(1) The corresponding unitary matrix calculation is directly realized by utilizing the light propagation process, the calculation speed is the light speed, and the calculation time delay is extremely low. Since unitary matrix calculation is a basic mathematical model in the fields of artificial intelligence, quantum calculation, wireless communication, life science and the like, the device can greatly accelerate the development of the fields;
(2) Compared with the existing optical device for simultaneously carrying out unitary matrix calculation on time domain signals and space domain signals, the optical device has extremely high fidelity. Because the number of modulators which need to pass through when different optical field complex amplitudes propagate in the device is the same, the non-uniformity caused by the insertion loss of the components is negligible, and the output calculation result only has uniform insertion loss, so that the fidelity of the target unitary matrix is greatly improved, and the device can be effectively applied to an actual system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical apparatus for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on a time domain signal and a spatial domain signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. One possible device connection is shown when m=4, n=2. The interior inset shows the internal configuration of the modulator module.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a calculation process of an optical device for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on a time domain signal and a space domain signal according to the present invention, and shows the functions and signal input/output forms of each component in the calculation process in detail. Wherein (a) is the calculation of the first stage modulator module; (b) calculating a first-stage delay crossing module; (c) is a calculation of the second stage modulator module; (d) a second stage delay crossover module calculation process; (e) is a calculation process of the third stage modulator module; (f) calculating a third-stage delay crossing module; (g) is the calculation of the last stage modulator module; and (h) calculating the last stage of delay crossing module.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a modification of an optical apparatus for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on a time domain signal and a space domain signal according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the technical solution of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, and gives detailed embodiments and structures, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the examples described below.
The "upper" and "lower" described below are both based on the placement positions drawn in fig. 1, and do not describe the location of the actual system. Referring to fig. 1, when m=4 and n=2, the apparatus is formed by cascading 4×2=8 modulator modules 100 and 4×2=8 delay-crossing modules 200. Each modulator module contains 2 modulators arranged in parallel. Each modulator comprises two 1:1 optical splitters 101, two phase shifting arms are arranged between the two optical splitters, the upper arm is provided with a 1 st phase shifter 102, and signals can be loaded on the 1 st phase shifter 102 so as to change the optical phase of the upper arm; a 2 nd phase shifter 103 is additionally arranged in front of the upper output port of the modulator, introducing an additional phase to the upper output port. Each delay-crossing module 200 comprises an optical delay line 201 and an optical-path-crossing structure 202. The optical delay line 201 may delay the input optical signal by Δt and output the delayed signal. The optical path crossing structure crosses the 4 th input light to the 1 st output and the i th input light to the i+1 th output (i.noteq.4).
The components of the device are connected as follows.
First is the internal connection of the delay crossover module 200. Before the optical delay line 201 is connected to the 4 th input port of the optical path cross structure 202, the first 3 input ports of the delay cross module 200 are the first 3 input ports of the optical path cross structure 202, and the 4 th input port of the delay cross module 200 is the input port of the optical delay line 201.
The input optical signal is input by an input port of the first stage modulator module 100. The output ports of the first-stage modulator modules 100 are sequentially and respectively connected with the input ports of the first-stage delay crossing modules 200, and the output ports of the first-stage delay crossing modules 200 are sequentially and respectively connected with the input ports of the second-stage modulator modules 100. Similarly, all modulator modules 100 are cascaded with a delay-and-cross module 200. The calculation result is output by the 8 th stage delay crossing module 200.
Fig. 2 shows a detailed calculation process of the device. Referring to fig. 2 (a), the input signal is composed of 4 optical signals, each of which is divided into 2 time points, and the intervals between the time points are Δt. The light field complex amplitude at each time point expresses a complex number, and thus the input light signal in the present embodiment can express a complex vector having a dimension of 4×2=8. We number these 8 complex numbers in turn, then the input optical signal can be written as x= [ (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8)] T . In accordance with the above, a unitary matrix can be decomposed into a product of rotation matrices and a diagonal matrix. In order for the apparatus to satisfy the above-described unitary matrix calculation of the x vector, it is necessary to decompose an 8×8-dimensional unitary matrix. According to the method in the reference, an 8×8 dimensional unitary matrix can be decomposed as follows:
the unitary matrix calculation for the input complex vector can be written as:
this can be done by sequentially calculating the complex vector and rotation matrix products from back to front, according to the combination law of matrix multiplication. Referring to fig. 2 (a), in the input optical signal, (1) (2) will enter the first modulator at the same time, (3) (4) will enter the other modulator at the same time, (5) (6) will enter the first modulator at the second point in time, and (7) (8) will enter the other modulator at the second point in time. By configuring the two modulators, at a first point in time, the two modulators respectively implement T 1,2 And T 3,4 And subsequently changing the configuration of the modulator to achieve T at a second point in time, respectively 5,6 And T 7,8 Is a rotation matrix product of (a). The above procedure completes the multiplication of the last four rotation matrices in equation (3). Referring to fig. 2 (b), in the first stage delay crossover module, the fourth light is delayed by Δt and distributed to the first output, and the remaining three paths are sequentially distributed to the subsequent port outputs, so that (2) (3), (4) (5), (6) (7) are aligned in time. Referring to fig. 2 (c), by configuring two modulators, T is performed once when (2) (3) enters the modulator below 2,3 Is performed when (4) (5) and (6) (7) enter two modulators, respectively 4,5 And T 6,7 Is multiplied by a rotation matrix of (a). This is also the 5 th to 7 th rotation matrix in equation (3). Referring to fig. 2 (d), the optical signals are then rearranged by a second stage delay-crossing module, the process being similar to that described above. Fig. 2 (e) and fig. 2 (f) illustrate the calculation of the third stage modulator module and the delay-crossing module. Referring to fig. 2 (g) and fig. 2 (h), after the last modulator module and the delay crossing module, four paths of optical outputs have completed all the rotation matrix multiplications in the formula (3), and only a simple phase shift is needed for each path to realize the diagonal matrix D, so that the calculation result of the unitary matrix can be obtained.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a variation of the present apparatus. Here, it is assumed that the input optical signal is still m=4, n=2. The morphing means consists of one modulator module 100, one delay crossover module 200, 2 x 4 optical switches 300, and M long delay lines 400. The delay length of the long delay line 400 is equal to or greater than 2×Δt. The connection between the components is as follows.
The 4 optical switches are used for signal selective input, each optical switch has two input ports and one output port, and one of the two input ports is selected to be connected to the output port by the optical switch. The 4 paths of optical signals are respectively connected to the lower input ports of the 4 optical switches in sequence. The 4 output ports of the optical switch array are connected to the 4 input ports of the modulator module 100. The 4 output ports of the modulator block are connected to the 4 input ports of the delay-crossing block 200. The 4 optical switches are used for signal selective output. Each optical switch has one input port and two output ports, and the optical switch selects the input port to be connected to one output port. The 4 output ports of the delay-and-cross module 200 are connected to the input ports of the 4 optical switches. Each of the 4 optical switches uses one output port as an output port of the final calculation result, and the remaining 4 output ports are respectively connected in series with one long delay line 400 and connected to an input port of the input optical switch that is not used.
The working principle of the deformation device is similar to that of the original device. The modulator module 100 performs the computation of the rotation matrix and the delay-and-cross module 200 correctly distributes the light field complex amplitudes at different positions and time points. The calculated result enters the long delay line 400 through the optical switch at the output end, and then returns to the modulator module 100 and the delay crossing module 200 through the optical switch at the input end for calculation again. After repeating the cyclic calculation for 8 times, the output optical switch 300 is switched, and the calculation result is output.
Claims (6)
1. An optical device for simultaneously carrying out unitary matrix calculation on time domain signals and space domain signals is characterized in that an input signal is M paths of optical signals, each path of optical signals is uniformly divided into N time points, the interval of the time points is deltat, the complex amplitude of an optical field at each time point represents a complex number, M paths of optical signals are combined to express a complex vector with a dimension of M multiplied by N, wherein M is an integer multiple of 2 and is more than or equal to 4, and N is a positive integer;
the device is formed by cascading M multiplied by N modulator modules and M multiplied by N delay crossing modules, an input optical signal is input by M input ports of a first-stage modulator module (100), M output ports of the first-stage modulator module (100) are sequentially and respectively connected with M input ports of a first-stage delay crossing module (200), M output ports of the first-stage delay crossing module (200) are sequentially and respectively connected with M input ports of a second-stage modulator module, and accordingly, all modulator modules and delay crossing modules are cascaded, and a calculation result is output by an Mmultiplied by N-stage delay crossing module;
each modulator module comprises M/2 two-input two-output Mach-Zehnder modulators which are arranged in parallel, each Mach-Zehnder modulator comprises two 1:1 optical splitters (101), two phase shifting arms are arranged between the two optical splitters, one phase shifting arm is provided with a 1 st phase shifter (102), and signals can be loaded on the 1 st phase shifter (102) so as to change the optical phase of the phase shifting arm; a 2 nd phase shifter (103) is configured in front of one of the output ports of the Mach-Zehnder modulator and is used for introducing additional phases, and a unitary matrix calculation unit is formed by configuring two phase shifters on the Mach-Zehnder modulator, so that the input optical signals are subjected to unitary matrix calculation with the dimension of 2 multiplied by 2; each delay crossing module comprises an optical delay line (201) and an optical path crossing structure (202), wherein the optical delay line (201) is single-input single-output and is used for delaying an input optical signal by delta t and outputting the delayed optical signal, the optical path crossing structure (202) is M paths of input and M paths of output and is used for crossing an M path of input light to a 1 st path of output and crossing an i path of input light to an i+1th path of output, and i is not equal to M.
2. The optical apparatus for simultaneously performing unitary matrix computation on time domain signals and space domain signals according to claim 1, wherein the internal connection mode of the delay-crossing module (200) is: the optical delay line (201) is connected before the M-th input port of the optical path crossing structure (202), the first M-1 input ports of the delay crossing module (200) are the first M-1 input ports of the optical path crossing structure (202), and the M-th input port of the delay crossing module (200) is the input port of the optical delay line (201).
3. An optical device for simultaneously carrying out unitary matrix calculation on time domain signals and space domain signals is characterized in that an input signal is M paths of optical signals, each path of optical signals is uniformly divided into N time points, the interval of the time points is deltat, the complex amplitude of an optical field at each time point represents a complex number, M paths of optical signals are combined to express a complex vector with a dimension of M multiplied by N, wherein M is an integer multiple of 2 and is more than or equal to 4, and N is a positive integer;
the device consists of a modulator module (100), a delay crossing module (200), M optical switches (301) at an input end, M optical switches (302) at an output end and M long delay lines (400), wherein the delay length of the long delay lines (400) is greater than or equal to NxDeltat, the delay crossing module (200) crosses the input light of the Mth path to the 1 st path output, and crosses the input light of the ith path to the (i+1) th path output, wherein i is not equal to M;
the input end M optical switches (301) are used for signal selective input, each of the input end M optical switches (301) is provided with two input ports and one output port, each of the input end M optical switches (302) is provided with one input port and two output ports, each of the output end M optical switches is connected to one input port of the input end M optical switches in sequence, the M output ports of the M optical switches are connected to the M input ports of the modulator module (100) in sequence, the M output ports of the modulator module (100) are connected to the M input ports of the delay crossover module (200) in sequence, the M output ports of the output end M optical switches (302) are used for signal selective output, each of the M optical switches (302) of the output end has one input port and two output ports, each of the M output ports of the optical switches is connected to one output port of the output end M optical switches, the M output ports of the delay crossover module (200) are connected to one output port of the M optical switches (302) in sequence, and the output port of the output end M is used as a final result to be calculated by one output port of the optical switches (301) which is not connected to one output port of the output end of the optical switches (301).
4. An optical device for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on time domain signals and space domain signals according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the implementation platform can be a system composed of discrete devices, an integrated chip platform or a system in which discrete devices and integrated chips are mixed; when implemented using discrete devices, the connection between the components may be by way of optical fibers, spatial optics, etc. that limit the path of travel of the light beam; when implemented using an integrated chip, the connection between the components may be made using an integrated waveguide.
5. An optical device for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on a time domain signal and a space domain signal according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the modulator is based on an optical phase shift and mach-zehnder interference structure, and the optical phase shift is realized by utilizing the principle that the lithium niobate pockels effect and the carrier dispersion effect change the optical refractive index through external energy.
6. An optical device for simultaneously performing unitary matrix calculation on a time domain signal and a space domain signal according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the optical delay line is implemented by a component for realizing a delay effect by light propagation time, such as an optical fiber delay line, an optical waveguide delay line, a slow optical delay line or a space free propagation delay, or by a component for realizing a delay effect by using storage time, such as optical access.
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