CN113589398A - Quantitative classification method for effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of exploration geochemistry, and relates to a quantitative classification method for an effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase. The method is based on the lower limit of the organic carbon content of the effective hydrocarbon source rock, takes the organic carbon content difference value as a mother factor, calculates the weight coefficient and the comprehensive score of each classification parameter through grey correlation, and classifies the organic phase of the effective hydrocarbon source rock according to the comprehensive score. The method provided by the invention avoids the problems that the influence of subjective factors is too high in the qualitative evaluation process and the effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase in the transition region cannot be accurately classified, improves the classification evaluation precision, and provides a basis and basis for the next oil-gas reservoir analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of exploration geochemistry, and relates to a quantitative classification method for an effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase.
Background
By effective source rock is meant rock from which hydrocarbons are produced and removed, and from which hydrocarbons are produced and removed sufficiently to form an industrial reservoir. Therefore, the identification of effective source rocks is the basis of hydrocarbon reservoir research, and plays an important role in resource potential evaluation of low-exploration-level regions in particular.
The effective source rock organic phase refers to comprehensive reflection of organic geochemical characteristics, organic petrological characteristics and deposition environment of the effective source rock, and the oil gas generation condition and the space distribution characteristics can be determined only by correctly classifying the effective source rock organic phase, so that a basis and a basis are provided for subsequent oil gas reservoir analysis. Factors influencing the classification of the organic phase of the effective source rock mainly include organic geochemical indexes of the effective source rock, such as The Organic Carbon (TOC) content, hydrocarbon generation potential (S1+ S2), hydrogen Index (IH), organic matter type, maturity and the like of the effective source rock; organic petrophysical indexes of effective source rocks, such as organic rock types, organic micro-component content and types and the like; and (4) effective deposition environment characteristic indexes of the source rock, such as hydrodynamic conditions, oxidation reduction degree and the like. The existing effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase classification technology mainly stays on the level of qualitative classification, and the technology often has the problems that subjective factors affect and two or more classification indexes cannot be unified, so that the effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase in a transition region cannot be accurately classified.
At present, the research of the determination method of the lower limit value of the organic carbon content of the effective source rock is heavily emphasized in the prior art, for example, chinese patent (CN104297448B) discloses a determination method of the lower limit value of the organic carbon content of the effective source rock, which comprises the following steps: collecting rock samples and dividing each rock sample into three parts; respectively carrying out TOC content determination and S1 and S2 content determination before and after oil washing on the three samples; calculating to obtain S1+ S2 and (S1+ S2)/TOC; performing the above measurement on each sample; taking (S1+ S2)/TOC and S1+ S2 as vertical coordinates, TOC as horizontal coordinates, and adopting logarithmic coordinates to form a scatter diagram of data of each sample; drawing (S1+ S2)/TOC-TOC and (S1+ S2) -TOC outer envelope curves and (S1+ S2)/TOC-TOC and (S1+ S2) -TOC regression curves and respectively determining the lower limit value of the organic carbon content of the effective source rock; and carrying out weighted average on the lower limit value of the organic carbon of the effective source rock obtained by the envelope curve method and the regression curve method to obtain the lower limit value of the organic carbon content of the effective source rock.
Chinese patent (CN108717211B) discloses a method for predicting the abundance of effective source rocks in a well-poor region, which comprises the following steps:
(1) analyzing the hydrocarbon source rock sample and the crude oil sample by adopting oil source contrast, and determining a main hydrocarbon source rock development stratum in the research area;
(2) obtaining the thickness and distribution of the effective hydrocarbon source rock: obtaining the single-well mudstone percentage of the main force hydrocarbon source rock development stratum by using the logging detritus information; converting logging data from a depth domain to a time domain by adopting time-depth conversion to obtain single-well seismic attributes, and establishing a linear prediction model between the seismic attributes and the mudstone percentages by taking the single-well mudstone percentages as dependent variables and the single-well seismic attributes as independent variables; applying the linear prediction model to a main force hydrocarbon source rock development stratum to obtain a prediction result of the mudstone percentage of the main force hydrocarbon source rock development stratum; obtaining the total thickness of a main force hydrocarbon source rock development stratum by using a seismic interpretation technology, and multiplying the total thickness of the main force hydrocarbon source rock development stratum by the mudstone percentage prediction result of the main force hydrocarbon source rock development stratum to obtain the thickness and the distribution of effective hydrocarbon source rocks in a research area;
(3) obtaining the TOC content distribution of the effective hydrocarbon source rock:
determining a TOC lower limit value of a dominant hydrocarbon source rock development stratum by adopting rock pyrolysis geochemical analysis; performing correlation analysis on the TOC content of the single well and the logging curve value, selecting an effective logging curve, and establishing a multiple regression prediction model between the TOC content of the single well and the effective logging curve; applying the multivariate regression prediction model to a dominant hydrocarbon source rock development stratum to obtain a TOC distribution curve of the dominant hydrocarbon source rock development stratum;
calculating by using a logging curve to obtain a geophysical parameter curve, performing correlation analysis on the TOC distribution curve of the dominant hydrocarbon source rock development stratum and the geophysical parameter curve, and establishing a unitary fitting equation based on a least square principle; utilizing a geophysical inversion technology to obtain geophysical parameter data bodies of all regions through inversion, and converting the geophysical parameter data bodies into a principal hydrocarbon source rock development stratum TOC data body according to the unitary fitting equation; removing the data of which the TOC value in the TOC data body of the development stratum of the principal hydrocarbon source rock is smaller than the lower limit value of the TOC of the development stratum of the principal hydrocarbon source rock to obtain an effective TOC content distribution map of the hydrocarbon source rock in the research area;
(4) obtaining the Ro distribution of the effective hydrocarbon source rock: and according to the plane contour map of the vitrinite reflectivity Ro of the research area, defining the area of 2 Ro 0.5, and obtaining the effective hydrocarbon source rock Ro distribution map of the research area.
At present, no report is available on a quantitative classification method of an organic phase of an effective hydrocarbon source rock.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for quantitatively classifying an effective organic phase of a hydrocarbon source rock.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: a quantitative classification method for effective source rock organic phases is characterized in that the effective source rock organic phase organic carbon (TOC) content lower limit is used as a basis, The Organic Carbon (TOC) content difference value is used as a mother factor, each classification parameter weight coefficient and a comprehensive score are calculated through grey correlation, and the effective source rock organic phases are classified according to the comprehensive score. The method is realized by the following technical steps:
a method for quantitative classification of an organic phase of an effective source rock, the method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: determining an effective hydrocarbon source rock lower limit value by utilizing the relation between the organic carbon content and the residual hydrocarbon content of the hydrocarbon source rock;
step two: establishing a hydrocarbon source rock organic carbon content prediction model by using logging information, and predicting the organic carbon content of the single-well hydrocarbon source rock to obtain a single-well continuous TOC value distribution curve;
step three: determining the vertical distribution layer section of the effective hydrocarbon source rock by using the single-well continuous TOC value distribution curve obtained in the step two and combining the lower limit value of the effective hydrocarbon source rock determined in the step one, and counting the thickness of the effective hydrocarbon source rock;
step four: analyzing the correlation coefficient and the correlation degree between the child factors and the parent factors by using a grey correlation analysis method, and determining the weight coefficient of each control factor;
step five: and establishing an effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase classification evaluation formula, and classifying the organic phase of the effective hydrocarbon source rock according to the organic phase comprehensive classification evaluation parameters.
The model for predicting the organic carbon content of the source rock in the second step is as follows: TOC aAC + blgRT + c
In the formula: a, b and c are undetermined coefficients; AC is sound wave time difference, mu s/m; RT is the resistivity, Ω · m.
The method for establishing the hydrocarbon source rock organic carbon content prediction model comprises the following steps: comprehensively interpreting and processing the logging information of a single well, identifying a shale interval with higher GR value by using a GR curve, removing a non-shale interval, overlapping an AC curve and an RT curve, removing a non-hydrocarbon source rock interval with two overlapped curves, dividing a hydrocarbon source rock interval, and calculating to obtain a single-well continuous TOC value distribution curve (shown by a curve of a predicted TOC bar in figure 3) by using the logging values which are continuously distributed (shown by GR, AC and RT bars in figure 3) and the hydrocarbon source rock organic carbon content prediction model in the step two in the divided hydrocarbon source rock interval.
In the fourth step, the difference value of the organic carbon content is taken as a mother factor, and an organic geochemical index, an organic petrology index and a deposition environment characteristic index are taken as sub factors.
The organic geochemical indexes comprise organic matter abundance parameters, organic matter type parameters and organic matter maturity index; the organic petrology index comprises organic rock type parameters and microscopic component content; the characteristic indexes of the deposition environment comprise parameters for characterizing hydrodynamic conditions and parameters for oxidation reduction degree.
The fourth step also comprises the normalization processing of the mother factors and the child factors.
In the fourth step, the weight coefficient of each control factor is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: c is a correlation coefficient; m is the maximum value of the absolute difference value; a is the minimum value of the absolute difference; Δ t (i) is the absolute difference of the i evaluation parameters of the t data points relative to the parent factor; mu is a resolution coefficient; n is the number of data points participating in evaluation; m is the number of parameters participating in classification evaluation; β i is a weight coefficient.
The five effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase classification evaluation formula is as follows:
in the formula: HEI is an effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase comprehensive classification evaluation parameter; beta is aiIs a weight coefficient; xiIs an evaluation parameter; n is the number of data points participating in evaluation; and m is the number of parameters participating in classification evaluation.
The organic phases are divided into five types according to the value of the HEI parameter obtained by the formula 4: when HEI is more than 0.5, the organic phase is an A-type organic phase, lithology corresponding to the organic phase is dark gray, gray black oil shale and mud shale, the organic phase develops in an oxygen-deficient environment with deep lake-half deep lake phase water body depth, the quality (organic matter abundance, type and maturity) of the hydrocarbon source rock is high, and the organic phase type with the highest hydrocarbon discharge potential is generated and is an optimal target area for exploration; when HEI is more than 0.3 and less than 0.5, the organic phase is a B-type organic phase, lithology corresponding to the organic phase is deep ash and gray black shale, the organic phase develops in a semi-anoxic environment with deeper semi-deep lake phase water body, the quality of the hydrocarbon source rock is better, and the organic phase is an organic phase type with higher hydrocarbon discharging potential and is next to the A-type organic phase; when the HEI is more than 0.1 and less than 0.3, the organic phase is a C-type organic phase, lithology corresponding to the organic phase is deep grey and grey mudstone, the organic phase develops in a weak reduction environment such as a half-deep lake phase water body and a shallow lake phase water body, the quality of a hydrocarbon source rock is medium, and the organic phase is an organic phase type with medium hydrocarbon discharge potential; when HEI is more than 0.05 and less than 0.1, the D-type organic phase is adopted, lithology corresponding to the type of organic phase is gray mudstone, the quality of the hydrocarbon source rock is poor in a weak oxidation-weak reduction environment with shallow lake phase water body, and the type of organic phase with low hydrocarbon discharging potential is adopted; when HEI is less than 0.05, the organic phase is an E-type organic phase, lithology corresponding to the organic phase is light grey and brown mudstone, the hydrocarbon source rock is poor in quality and is an organic phase type with the lowest hydrocarbon discharge potential when the organic phase develops in a shallow weak oxidation environment of a water body of a shoa lake phase. From the A type organic phase to the E type organic phase, the type of the organic phase gradually becomes worse, and the contribution to oil gas accumulation gradually becomes smaller.
The invention discloses a quantitative classification method of effective source rock organic phase, which comprises the steps of determining the lower limit value of effective source rock (hydrocarbon rock hydrocarbon discharge) by utilizing the relation between The Organic Carbon (TOC) content of the source rock and the residual hydrocarbon (S1) content on the basis of analyzing the organic geochemical characteristics, the organic petrological characteristics and the deposition environment characteristics of the source rock by utilizing the information of the source rock, establishing a source rock TOC prediction model according to the logging information, predicting the TOC value of a single well, identifying the effective source rock (the TOC difference value is larger than zero), and determining various control factors (including organic geochemical indexes such as The Organic Carbon (TOC) content of the effective source rock, the hydrocarbon generation potential (S1+ S2), the hydrogen Index (IH), the organic matter type and the maturity and the like, the organic petrological indexes such as the organic rock type, the organic micro-component content and the deposition environment characteristics index, such as hydrodynamic conditions, redox degree and the like), performing grey correlation analysis by taking The Organic Carbon (TOC) content difference as a parent factor and other factors as child factors, determining the weight coefficient of each control factor and the weight coefficient of each evaluation parameter, multiplying the weight coefficients by the corresponding evaluation parameters to obtain single balance scores of each parameter, adding the single balance scores of each parameter to obtain the effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase comprehensive classification evaluation parameters of each evaluation data point, and finally realizing the quantitative classification evaluation of the organic phase type according to the effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase comprehensive classification evaluation parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method for quantitatively classifying and evaluating the effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase avoids the problems that the influence of subjective factors in the qualitative evaluation process is too high and the effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase in the transition region cannot be accurately classified, improves the classification evaluation precision, and provides a basis and a basis for the next oil-gas reservoir formation analysis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of a TOC threshold analysis of an effective source rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a modeling process for hydrocarbon source rock TOC logging prediction in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an effective source rock identification pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of establishing an effective source rock organic phase quantitative classification evaluation by using a gray correlation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the organic phase of an effective source rock according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Embodiment of the invention discloses a quantitative classification method for effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase
The quantitative classification method of the effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the lower limit value of the effective source rock by utilizing the relation between the organic carbon content and the residual hydrocarbon content of the source rock:
as shown in FIG. 1, The Organic Carbon (TOC) content and the residual hydrocarbon (S) content of the source rock1) A content relation graph, wherein a TOC value corresponding to an inflection point in the graph is a lower TOC limit value of the hydrocarbon source rock for starting to discharge hydrocarbons, namely an effective hydrocarbon source rock TOC lower limit value;
(2) establishing a hydrocarbon source rock organic carbon content prediction model by using logging information, predicting the organic carbon content of the single-well hydrocarbon source rock, and obtaining a single-well continuous TOC value distribution curve:
as shown in fig. 2, comprehensively interpreting and processing the logging information of a single well, identifying a mudstone interval with a higher GR value by using a GR curve, removing a non-mudstone interval, overlapping AC and RT curves, removing the non-hydrocarbon source rock interval with the two overlapped curves, and dividing the hydrocarbon source rock interval; obtaining a single-well continuous TOC value distribution curve;
(3) as shown in fig. 3, determining a vertical distribution layer section of the effective source rock by using the single-well continuous TOC value distribution curve obtained in the step (2) and combining the effective source rock TOC lower limit value determined in the step (1), and counting the thickness of the effective source rock (the difference between the predicted TOC value and the effective source rock TOC lower limit value is greater than 0);
(4) analyzing the correlation coefficient and the correlation degree between the child factors and the parent factors by using a grey correlation analysis method, and determining the weight coefficient of each control factor
As shown in FIG. 4, a grey correlation analysis method is used, The Organic Carbon (TOC) content difference of the source rock is used as a parent factor, and an organically-based index (including organic matter abundance parameters such as hydrocarbon generation potential S) is used1+S2Etc.; organic matter type parameters, e.g. hydrogen index, maximum pyrolysis peak temperature TmaxEtc.; organic matter maturity index, such as vitrinite reflectance Ro, and the like), organic petrology index (including organic rock type parameters, such as biogenic parameters; microscopic component contents such as inert group, chitin group, sapropel group, vitrinite group, and the like), and characteristic indexes of deposition environment (such as characterization of hydrodynamic condition parameters such as water depth and the like; parameters of redox degree, such as the ratio of thorium element to uranium element, etc.) as sub-factors, and carrying out normalization treatment on the factors; by analyzing the association between child and parent factorsAnd determining the weight coefficient of each control factor according to the coefficient and the correlation degree.
Calculating the weight coefficient of each control factor according to the following formula:
in the formula: c is a correlation coefficient; m is the maximum value of the absolute difference value; a is the minimum value of the absolute difference; Δ t (i) is the absolute difference of the i evaluation parameters of the t data points relative to the parent factor; mu is a resolution coefficient; n is the number of data points participating in evaluation; m is the number of parameters participating in classification evaluation; β i is a weight coefficient.
(5) Determining an effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase quantitative classification evaluation formula according to the step (4), wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: HEI is an effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase comprehensive classification evaluation parameter; beta is aiIs a weight coefficient; xiIs an evaluation parameter; n is the number of data points participating in evaluation; and m is the number of parameters participating in classification evaluation.
And calculating comprehensive classification evaluation parameters of the organic phase of the single well, dividing the organic phase into 5 classes, and further making an effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase plane distribution diagram as shown in figure 5.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for quantitative classification of an organic phase of an effective source rock, the method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: determining an effective hydrocarbon source rock lower limit value by utilizing the relation between the organic carbon content and the residual hydrocarbon content of the hydrocarbon source rock;
step two: establishing a hydrocarbon source rock organic carbon content prediction model by using logging information, and predicting the organic carbon content of the single-well hydrocarbon source rock to obtain a single-well continuous TOC value distribution curve;
step three: determining the vertical distribution layer section of the effective hydrocarbon source rock by using the single-well continuous TOC value distribution curve obtained in the step two and combining the lower limit value of the effective hydrocarbon source rock determined in the step one, and counting the thickness of the effective hydrocarbon source rock;
step four: analyzing the correlation coefficient and the correlation degree between the child factors and the parent factors by using a grey correlation analysis method, and determining the weight coefficient of each control factor;
step five: and establishing an effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase classification evaluation formula, and classifying the organic phase of the effective hydrocarbon source rock according to the organic phase comprehensive classification evaluation parameters.
2. The method for quantitatively classifying the effective source rock organic phase according to claim 1, wherein the source rock organic carbon content prediction model in the second step is as follows:
TOC＝aAC+blgRT+c
in the formula: a, b and c are undetermined coefficients; AC is sound wave time difference, mu s/m; RT is the resistivity, Ω · m.
3. The method for quantitatively classifying the effective source rock organic phase according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the method for establishing the source rock organic carbon content prediction model comprises the following steps: comprehensively interpreting and processing the logging information of a single well, identifying a shale interval with higher GR value by using a GR curve, removing a non-shale interval, overlapping AC and RT curves, removing the non-hydrocarbon source rock interval with the two curves overlapped, and marking out the hydrocarbon source rock interval.
4. The method for quantitatively classifying an organic phase of an effective source rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the difference in organic carbon content is used as a parent factor in the fourth step.
5. The method for quantitatively classifying an organic phase of an effective source rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step four includes using an organic geochemical index, an organic petrophysical index and a depositional environment characteristic index as sub-factors.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic geochemical indices include an organic matter abundance index, an organic matter type index, and an organic matter maturity index; the organic petrology index comprises organic rock type parameters and microscopic component content; the characteristic indexes of the deposition environment comprise parameters for characterizing hydrodynamic conditions and parameters for oxidation reduction degree.
7. The method for quantitatively classifying an organic phase of an active hydrocarbon source rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step four further comprises normalizing the parent factors and the child factors.
8. The method for quantitatively classifying an organic phase of an active source rock according to claim 1, wherein the weight coefficient of each control factor is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: c is a correlation coefficient; m is the maximum value of the absolute difference value; a is the minimum value of the absolute difference; Δ t (i) is the absolute difference of the i evaluation parameters of the t data points relative to the parent factor; mu is a resolution coefficient; n is the number of data points participating in evaluation; m is the number of parameters participating in classification evaluation; β i is a weight coefficient.
9. The quantitative classification method of the organic phase of the effective source rock according to claim 1, wherein the classification evaluation formula of the organic phase of the effective source rock in the step five is as follows:
in the formula: HEI is an effective hydrocarbon source rock organic phase comprehensive classification evaluation parameter; beta is aiIs a weight coefficient; xiIs an evaluation parameter; n is the number of data points participating in evaluation; and m is the number of parameters participating in classification evaluation.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the organic phase is classified according to the HEI value as follows: when HEI is more than 0.5, the organic phase is an A type organic phase which is the type of the organic phase with the highest hydrocarbon discharging potential and is an optimal target area for exploration; when the HEI is less than 0.5 and is 0.3, the organic phase is a B type organic phase, and the organic phase type with higher hydrocarbon discharging potential is generated; when 0.1< HEI <0.3, the organic phase is a C type organic phase and is an organic phase type with medium hydrocarbon-expelling potential; when 0.05< HEI <0.1, the compound is a D type organic phase and is an organic phase type with lower hydrocarbon-generating and discharging potential; when HEI is less than 0.05, the organic phase is E type, and the organic phase with the lowest hydrocarbon discharging potential is generated.
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| US4369497A (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1983-01-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corp. | Machine method and apparatus for determining the presence and location of hydrocarbon deposits within a subsurface earth formation |
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