CN113588920A - Method, system, equipment and medium for identifying and monitoring soil freezing and thawing process - Google Patents
Method, system, equipment and medium for identifying and monitoring soil freezing and thawing process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for identifying and monitoring a soil freezing and thawing process, which comprises the following steps: acquiring temperature and water data of soil at multiple depths; and identifying the freezing and thawing conditions of the soil at each depth according to the temperature and water data of each depth of the soil. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the influence of the temperature data on the freeze-thaw process is corrected through the change of the moisture data, the interference of the existing temperature deviation on the freeze-thaw identification is reduced, and the accuracy of the freeze-thaw identification is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a method for identifying and monitoring a soil freezing and thawing process, relates to the field of environmental monitoring, agriculture and water conservancy monitoring, and particularly realizes identification and monitoring of soil in the freezing and thawing process by carrying out depth analysis on multi-depth soil temperature and soil moisture change.
Background
The freeze thawing of soil is a phenomenon of repeated freeze-thaw of soil caused by fluctuation of soil temperature above and below 0 ℃ due to temperature change, and is essentially a phase change process of water in soil. The freeze thawing of the soil can change the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and the hydrothermal property of the soil, the biochemical characteristics of a soil profile and the conditions of the spatial and temporal distribution and the effectiveness of soil moisture and nutrients are changed through the mutual feedback and interaction with the surrounding environment. Therefore, the research on the soil thawing process is beneficial to mastering the migration rule of water in the soil, effectively utilizes the soil water resource and reasonably determines the technical parameters of farmland irrigation so as to guide the farming production. And the method is beneficial to monitoring the regional climate change and the environmental change by identifying and monitoring the soil freezing and thawing of the region, and has important significance for the climate change and the environmental change.
The traditional monitoring of the thawing condition is usually limited to the observation of the earth surface from high altitude, and the elements of the ground are observed by adopting optical/thermal infrared remote sensing or microwave remote sensing, but the optical/thermal infrared observation mode is easily influenced by the cloud, water vapor and other weather conditions in the atmosphere, and only the earth surface information under the clear air condition can be obtained. Although the microwave remote sensing mode is slightly influenced by weather, the microwave penetration capacity is limited, the observation interval period is long, only the information of the soil surface layer can be obtained, the change condition of multiple depths of the soil cannot be observed, and the evolution condition of the soil freeze-thaw process cannot be better reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for identifying and monitoring a soil freezing and thawing process, which is used for solving the problems that the traditional remote sensing monitoring is easily influenced by weather or has long observation period, the condition of soil freezing and thawing change cannot be tracked in real time and the multi-depth freezing and thawing change rule of soil cannot be deeply researched. In order to solve the technical problems, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method of soil freeze-thaw process identification and monitoring, comprising:
acquiring temperature and water data of soil at multiple depths;
and identifying the freezing and thawing conditions of the soil at each depth according to the temperature and water data of each depth of the soil.
Further, the identifying the freeze-thaw condition of the soil at each depth according to the temperature and moisture data at each depth of the soil specifically includes:
if the temperature of the soil at a depth is less than 0 ℃, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist in the soil at the depth;
if the freeze-thaw record exists, updating the freeze-thaw depth according to the depth;
if no freeze-thaw record exists, whether the soil is frozen or not and the freezing depth are identified through the moisture change of the depth.
Further, the identifying whether the soil is frozen or not and the freezing depth through the moisture change at the depth specifically includes:
and if the water data of the depth suddenly drops, judging that the soil at the depth is frozen.
Further, the identifying the freeze-thaw condition of the soil at each depth according to the temperature and moisture data at each depth of the soil specifically includes:
if the temperature of the soil at a depth is not less than 0 ℃, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist in the soil at the depth;
and if the freeze-thaw record exists, identifying whether the freeze-thaw of the soil is finished or not according to the moisture change at the depth.
Further, the identifying whether the soil is thawed or not and the freezing and thawing are finished through the moisture change at the depth specifically comprises:
and if the water data at the depth is increased, judging that the soil at the depth is unfrozen or frozen and thawed.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a system for soil freeze-thaw process identification and monitoring, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring temperature and water data of soil at multiple depths;
and the freezing and thawing identification module is used for identifying the freezing and thawing conditions of the soil at each depth according to the temperature and water data at each depth of the soil.
Further, the freeze-thaw identification module is specifically configured to:
if the temperature of the soil at a depth is less than 0 ℃, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist in the soil at the depth;
if the freeze-thaw record exists, updating the freeze-thaw depth according to the depth;
if no freeze-thaw record exists, whether the soil is frozen or not and the freezing depth are identified through the moisture change of the depth.
Further, the freeze-thaw identification module is specifically further configured to:
if the temperature of the soil at a depth is not less than 0 ℃, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist in the soil at the depth;
and if the freeze-thaw record exists, identifying whether the freeze-thaw of the soil is finished or not according to the moisture change at the depth.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a terminal device, including:
a processor; and
a memory having executable code stored thereon, which when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the method as described above.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon executable code, which when executed by a processor of an electronic device, causes the processor to perform the method as described above.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the influence of the temperature data on the freeze-thaw process is corrected through the change of the moisture data, the interference of the existing temperature deviation on the freeze-thaw identification is reduced, and the accuracy of the freeze-thaw identification is improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soil multi-depth temperature and moisture monitoring device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of temperature and moisture data processing analysis;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the trend of the moisture content at various depths;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the trend of the soil temperature at various depths;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the trend of the moisture content at various depths;
FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of the results of the identification of the entire freeze-thaw process;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a computing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the objects, structure and function of the present invention, a method for identifying and monitoring a soil freezing and thawing process according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the invention adopts a soil multi-depth temperature and moisture monitoring device which is a tubular integrated multi-depth measurement structure and mainly comprises a temperature sensor, a moisture sensor and a data acquisition and transmission module.
The device is tubular structure, easy installation, support device long-time work of supplying power through solar panel, dispose temperature sensor and moisture sensor at the different degree of depth of body, for example, dispose a temperature sensor and a moisture sensor every 10cm, just can gather the temperature data and the moisture content data of the sensor place soil degree of depth simultaneously, data orthotopic isogenesis, consequently, can carry out data correlation analysis, the sensor gives the data acquisition transmission module, this module carries out the data processing analytic system that preliminary treatment then transmit to the high in the clouds to data.
And the data processing and analyzing system receives the temperature and moisture data and stores and processes the data.
As shown in fig. 2, the main processes of data processing and analysis are:
firstly, judging the temperature data value at the time t, and if the temperature data value is less than 0, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist (the start time of freeze-thaw does not exist and the end time does not exist);
if there is a freeze-thaw record, updating the freeze-thaw depth, D ═ Dt(if D ist>D) Wherein D istThe depth of the temperature data at the time t is shown, and D is the depth of freeze-thaw record;
if there is no freeze-thaw record, then determine if there is a sudden drop in the moisture data, specifically if (M)t-1-Mt)/Mt>5-10% of water content, wherein M is considered to be suddenly reducedtMoisture data at time t, Mt-1The moisture data was collected for the last time at time t.
At the moment, judging that the soil in the land is frozen, and recording the freeze-thaw starting time and the freeze-thaw depth D;
if the temperature data value at the time t is not less than 0, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist or not (the start time of freeze-thaw does not exist or the end time does not exist), and if the freeze-thaw records exist, judging whether the soil moisture is increased or not ((M)t-Mt-1)/Mt>5% -10%), if yes, the freezing and thawing process is recorded to be finished.
It is noted that the invention proposes to use the change of soil moisture data to correct the accuracy influence caused by soil temperature deviation, and in the two events of the start and the end of freeze thawing, there is a continuously repeated process (freezing- > thawing- > freezing), so the setting of the threshold value for judging the sudden drop and increase of the moisture data needs to be adjusted according to the actual condition of the soil.
The following is a detailed description of 1 embodiment.
Example 1: the tubular intelligent soil moisture monitor is used for recognizing and monitoring the freeze-thaw process of soil.
The tubular intelligent soil moisture monitor is integrated, soil moisture can be installed and used without calibration, and monitoring of multi-depth soil moisture and monitoring of co-position multi-depth soil temperature are provided.
In this embodiment, a tubular intelligent soil moisture monitor with the model of ET100 is adopted, and moisture and temperature data of 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm and 100cm in depth can be collected and monitored, and the actual operation is as follows:
1. installation of tubular intelligent soil moisture monitor
Selecting a piece of smooth soil which is not easy to be damaged by external force in the field, correctly installing equipment according to the use instruction of the tubular intelligent soil moisture monitor as shown in figure 3, wherein the equipment can normally report that the moisture content difference between adjacent depths of data is not more than 5-8% (the moisture data is volume content)
2. Building a data processing and analyzing system
A data acquisition unit is built according to a data access protocol provided by an equipment manufacturer, acquired data are stored in a database, a data processing and analyzing module is compiled according to the data processing and analyzing flow of the figure 2, and the acquired soil temperature data and the soil moisture data are analyzed and processed.
Fig. 4 and 5 show data collected by the intelligent tubular soil moisture monitor (26/2020 to 30/1/2021).
From fig. 4, it can be seen that the temperature of the soil at the depth of 10cm is reduced from 12 months and 29 days to below 0 ℃, and from the time corresponding to fig. 5, it can be seen that the moisture data of 10cm is rapidly reduced, so that it can be recognized that the freezing and thawing process is started at 12 months and 29 days, the temperature is increased to above 0 ℃ at 1 month and 19 days, and the moisture data is also increased to a relatively stable period, at which time it is recognized that the freezing and thawing process of 10cm is ended;
the temperature of 20cm depth in 12 months and 30 days is reduced to be below 0 ℃, the corresponding moisture data of 20cm depth is also rapidly reduced, the soil of 20cm depth in 12 months and 30 days is identified to enter a freeze-thaw process, the temperature is increased to be above 0 ℃ in 1 month and 18 days, the moisture data is also increased to a more stable period, and the freeze-thaw process of 20cm is identified to be ended;
the temperature of 30cm depth in 1 month and 9 days is reduced to be below 0 ℃, the corresponding moisture data of 30cm depth is also rapidly reduced, the soil with 30cm depth in 1 month and 9 days is identified to enter a freeze-thaw process, the temperature is increased to be above 0 ℃ in 1 month and 12 days, the moisture data is also increased to a more stable period, and the freeze-thaw process of 30cm is identified to be ended.
The identification result of the whole freezing and thawing process is shown in fig. 6, wherein the freezing and thawing starts from 29 days 12 and 29 days 2020 and ends from 1 month 19 and 2021, the freezing and thawing time is 22 days, and the freezing and thawing depth reaches 30 cm.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a computing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 7, computing device 700 includes memory 710 and processor 720.
Processor 720 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory 710 may include various types of storage units, such as system memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), and permanent storage. Wherein the ROM may store static data or instructions that are required by processor 720 or other modules of the computer. The persistent storage device may be a read-write storage device. The persistent storage may be a non-volatile storage device that does not lose stored instructions and data even after the computer is powered off. In some embodiments, the persistent storage device employs a mass storage device (e.g., magnetic or optical disk, flash memory) as the persistent storage device. In other embodiments, the permanent storage may be a removable storage device (e.g., floppy disk, optical drive). The system memory may be a read-write memory device or a volatile read-write memory device, such as a dynamic random access memory. The system memory may store instructions and data that some or all of the processors require at runtime. In addition, the memory 710 may include any combination of computer-readable storage media, including various types of semiconductor memory chips (DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, flash memory, programmable read-only memory), magnetic and/or optical disks, may also be employed. In some embodiments, memory 710 may include a removable storage device that is readable and/or writable, such as a Compact Disc (CD), a digital versatile disc read only (e.g., DVD-ROM, dual layer DVD-ROM), a Blu-ray disc read only, an ultra-dense disc, a flash memory card (e.g., SD card, min SD card, Micro-SD card, etc.), a magnetic floppy disk, or the like. Computer-readable storage media do not contain carrier waves or transitory electronic signals transmitted by wireless or wired means.
The memory 710 has stored thereon executable code that, when processed by the processor 720, may cause the processor 720 to perform some or all of the methods described above.
The aspects of the invention have been described in detail hereinabove with reference to the drawings. In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the acts and modules referred to in the specification are not necessarily required by the invention. In addition, it can be understood that the steps in the method according to the embodiment of the present invention may be sequentially adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs, and the modules in the device according to the embodiment of the present invention may be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs.
Furthermore, the method according to the invention may also be implemented as a computer program or computer program product comprising computer program code instructions for carrying out some or all of the steps of the above-described method of the invention.
Alternatively, the invention may also be embodied as a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium (or computer-readable storage medium, or machine-readable storage medium) having stored thereon executable code (or a computer program, or computer instruction code) which, when executed by a processor of an electronic device (or computing device, server, etc.), causes the processor to perform part or all of the various steps of the above-described method according to the invention.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems and methods according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for identifying and monitoring a soil freezing and thawing process, comprising:
acquiring temperature and water data of soil at multiple depths;
and identifying the freezing and thawing conditions of the soil at each depth according to the temperature and water data of each depth of the soil.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the identifying of freeze-thaw conditions of the soil at each depth from the temperature and water data at each depth of the soil comprises:
if the temperature of the soil at a depth is less than 0 ℃, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist in the soil at the depth;
if the freeze-thaw record exists, updating the freeze-thaw depth according to the depth;
if no freeze-thaw record exists, whether the soil is frozen or not and the freezing depth are identified through the moisture change of the depth.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the identifying whether the soil has entered freezing and the depth of freezing by the moisture change at the depth comprises:
and if the water data of the depth suddenly drops, judging that the soil at the depth is frozen.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the identifying of freeze-thaw conditions of the soil at each depth from the temperature and water data at each depth of the soil comprises:
if the temperature of the soil at a depth is not less than 0 ℃, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist in the soil at the depth;
and if the freeze-thaw record exists, identifying whether the freeze-thaw of the soil is finished or not according to the moisture change at the depth.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the identifying whether the soil is thawed or not and the freezing and thawing are finished through the moisture change at the depth comprises:
and if the water data at the depth is increased, judging that the soil at the depth is unfrozen or frozen and thawed.
6. A system for identifying and monitoring a soil freezing and thawing process, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring temperature and water data of soil at multiple depths;
and the freezing and thawing identification module is used for identifying the freezing and thawing conditions of the soil at each depth according to the temperature and water data at each depth of the soil.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the freeze-thaw identification module is specifically configured to:
if the temperature of the soil at a depth is less than 0 ℃, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist in the soil at the depth;
if the freeze-thaw record exists, updating the freeze-thaw depth according to the depth;
if no freeze-thaw record exists, whether the soil is frozen or not and the freezing depth are identified through the moisture change of the depth.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the freeze-thaw identification module is further configured to:
if the temperature of the soil at a depth is not less than 0 ℃, judging whether freeze-thaw records exist in the soil at the depth;
and if the freeze-thaw record exists, identifying whether the freeze-thaw of the soil is finished or not according to the moisture change at the depth.
9. A terminal device, comprising:
a processor; and
a memory having executable code stored thereon, which when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-5.
10. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium having executable code stored thereon, wherein the executable code, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, causes the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-5.
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