CN113588499A - Aerosol particle detection optical system - Google Patents
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- CN113588499A CN113588499A CN202111040456.7A CN202111040456A CN113588499A CN 113588499 A CN113588499 A CN 113588499A CN 202111040456 A CN202111040456 A CN 202111040456A CN 113588499 A CN113588499 A CN 113588499A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6402—Atomic fluorescence; Laser induced fluorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
- G01N2015/0238—Single particle scatter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
Abstract
The invention discloses an aerosol particle detection optical system, which comprises a laser light source, a particle detection optical system and a particle detection optical system, wherein the laser light source is used for emitting laser beams; the scattered light detection unit is used for detecting scattered light signals, obtaining two paths of scattered light polarization scattered signals according to the scattered light signals and outputting and transmitting the two paths of scattered light polarization scattered signals to the signal processing unit; the fluorescence detection unit is used for detecting a fluorescence signal, obtaining two paths of fluorescence signals according to the fluorescence signal and outputting the two paths of fluorescence signals to the signal processing unit; and the signal processing unit is used for synchronously receiving the signals and judging the properties of the particles according to the two paths of fluorescence signals and the two paths of polarization scattering signals of the particles. The aerosol particle detection optical system designed by the invention is an optical system for single-particle multi-parameter synchronous detection, can simultaneously detect polarized scattered light in two directions and fluorescence with two different wavelengths of a single aerosol particle, and can obviously improve the accuracy of biological particle identification by carrying out online detection on biological particles through the polarized scattered signal of the particle and the fluorescence signals with the two wavelengths.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bioaerosol monitoring, and particularly relates to an aerosol particle detection optical system.
Background
Aerosol refers to a colloidal dispersion system in which solid or liquid fine particles are dispersed and suspended in a gaseous medium, and aerosol in which biological substances such as microorganisms or biological macromolecules are contained in the fine particles is called bioaerosol. The biological aerosol mainly comprises bacteria, viruses, fungi, spores and the like, and can affect human health to a greater or lesser extent. The biological aerosol particles are easy to spread through respiration, and cause infection, acute toxic reaction, allergy, inflammatory reaction and the like. Because the biological aerosol has high fluidity, if pathogenic microorganisms exist in the air, serious infectious diseases are easily caused. Therefore, the realization of real-time and rapid monitoring of the bioaerosol has important significance for the hygiene supervision and protection of the environment.
At present, the online monitoring of the bioaerosol is mainly based on the principle of laser induced fluorescence technology, on one hand, the particle size is judged through single particle scattered light, and on the other hand, the biological property of the particles is identified through the fluorescence of biological substances in the particles. Patent publication No. 'aerosol particle laser analyzer' of invention patent published in 2009: CN101398367A discloses an aerosol monitoring method, which is the earliest technical solution to embed 2 laser sources, use a continuous infrared light source as a scattered light emission light source, and use an ultraviolet pulse light source as a fluorescence emission light source. A single light source biological aerosol particle detection device (publication number: 102297824A) disclosed in 2011 proposes a single light source scheme, and the structural integration level and reliability are improved. However, the accuracy of identifying bioaerosols is still not ideal due to the complexity of naturally-derived aerosols and the simple utilization of scattered light and single-channel bioluminescence.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aerosol particle detection optical system, which comprises:
a laser light source for emitting a laser beam that interacts with aerosol particles in the gas stream to produce scattered light and fluorescent light;
the scattered light detection unit is used for detecting scattered light signals, obtaining two paths of scattered light polarization scattered signals according to the scattered light signals and outputting and transmitting the two paths of scattered light polarization scattered signals to the signal processing unit;
the scattered light detection unit comprises a first condenser lens, a second condenser lens, a first polarizer, a second polarizer, a first photoelectric detector and a second photoelectric detector;
the first condensing lens and the second condensing lens are used for condensing the passing scattered light to the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector respectively;
the first polarizer and the second polarizer are used for filtering the passing scattered light respectively;
the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are used for respectively receiving the filtered scattered light and outputting a scattered light polarization scattering signal to the signal processing unit;
the fluorescence detection unit is used for detecting a fluorescence signal, obtaining two paths of fluorescence signals according to the fluorescence signal and outputting the two paths of fluorescence signals to the signal processing unit;
the fluorescence detection unit comprises a reflector, a third condenser lens, a beam splitter, a first fluorescence filter, a second fluorescence filter, a fourth condenser lens, a fifth condenser lens, a third photoelectric detector and a fourth photoelectric detector;
the reflecting mirror is used for reflecting fluorescence, and the reflecting direction of the reflecting mirror is the incident direction of the fluorescence;
the third light condensing lens is used for refracting the passing fluorescence into parallel fluorescence beams;
the light splitting sheet is a dichroic light splitting sheet and is used for transmitting/reflecting the passing fluorescent light beam according to the wavelength;
the first fluorescent filter and the second fluorescent filter are respectively used for filtering passing fluorescent light beams;
the fifth condenser lens and the fourth condenser lens are respectively used for condensing the passing fluorescent light beam to the fourth photoelectric detector and the third photoelectric detector;
the third photoelectric detector and the fourth photoelectric detector are respectively used for receiving the filtered fluorescence and outputting a fluorescence signal to the signal processing unit;
and the signal processing unit is used for synchronously receiving signals of the first photoelectric detector, the second photoelectric detector, the third photoelectric detector and the fourth photoelectric detector and judging the properties of the particles according to the two paths of fluorescence signals and the two paths of polarization scattering signals of the particles.
Further, the laser light source is a continuous laser light source, emitted light is linearly polarized light, and the wavelength is less than 410 nm; the propagation direction of the laser beam is vertically intersected with the direction of the air flow;
the cross section of the laser beam is in a straight line shape at the intersection of the laser beam and the air flow, the thickness of the laser beam is less than 50 mu m, and the width of the laser beam is 1.2-1.4 times of the diameter of the air flow.
Further, the laser beam thickness is less than 30 μm.
Furthermore, the included angle between the optical axis of the first condensing lens and the optical axis of the second condensing lens and the laser beam is 15-30 degrees.
Furthermore, the first polarizer filters the passing scattered light to obtain parallel polarization scattered light, and the second polarizer filters the passing scattered light to obtain vertical polarization scattered light; or
The first polarizer filters the passing scattered light to obtain vertical polarization scattered light, and the second polarizer filters the passing scattered light to obtain parallel polarization scattered light.
Furthermore, the reflector is a spherical reflector, and the spherical center is positioned at the intersection of the laser beam and the airflow; and the front focus of the third condenser lens is coincided with the spherical center of the reflector.
Further, the central wavelength of the light splitting sheet is 490-510 nm;
the beam splitter and the fluorescent light beam form an included angle of 45 degrees.
Further, the spectroscope transmits light with the wavelength of the passing fluorescent light beam being larger than 510nm and reflects light with the wavelength being smaller than 510 nm;
the second fluorescent filter is used for filtering light with the wavelength less than 510 nm;
the first fluorescent filter is used for filtering out light with the wavelength of less than 450nm and more than 510 nm.
Further, the light splitter transmits light with the wavelength of the passing fluorescent light beam being less than 510nm, and reflects light with the wavelength being more than 510 nm;
the second fluorescent filter filters light with the wavelength of less than 450nm and more than 510 nm;
the first fluorescent filter filters light with the wavelength less than 510 nm.
Further, the aerosol particle detection optical system further comprises an optical trap;
the light trap opening is opposite to the laser beam, and the laser beam enters the cavity of the light trap opening from the light trap opening and is absorbed by the light trap cavity.
The invention designs an optical system for single-particle multi-parameter synchronous detection, which can simultaneously detect polarized scattered light in two directions and fluorescence with two different wavelengths of a single aerosol particle, and can obviously improve the accuracy of biological particle identification by carrying out online detection on biological particles through the polarized scattered signals of the particles and the fluorescence signals with the two wavelengths.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an aerosol particle detection optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a laser light source; 21. a first condenser lens; 22. a second condenser lens; 23. a first polarizer; 24. a second polarizer; 25. a first photodetector; 26. a second photodetector; 31. A mirror; 32. a third condensing lens; 33. a light splitting sheet; 34. a first fluorescent filter; 35. a second fluorescent filter; 36. a fourth condenser lens; 37. a fifth condenser lens; 38. a third photodetector; 39. a fourth photodetector; 4. a light trap; 5. aerosol particles.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The present invention provides an aerosol particle detection optical system, as shown in fig. 1, including:
the device comprises a laser light source 1, a light source control unit and a control unit, wherein the laser light source 1 is used for emitting laser beams, and the laser beams react with aerosol particles in airflow to generate scattered light and fluorescence;
the scattered light detection unit is used for detecting scattered light signals, obtaining two paths of scattered light polarization scattering signals according to the scattered light signals and outputting and transmitting the two paths of scattered light polarization scattering signals to the signal processing unit;
the fluorescence detection unit is used for detecting a fluorescence signal, obtaining two paths of fluorescence signals according to the fluorescence signal and outputting the two paths of fluorescence signals to the signal processing unit;
and the signal processing unit is used for synchronously receiving the signals of the scattered light detection unit and the fluorescence detection unit and judging the properties of the particles according to the two paths of fluorescence signals and the two paths of polarization scattering signals of the particles.
The light trap 4 is a cavity structure with an opening in a single direction, the inner diameter of the cavity is larger than the diameter of the opening, and black light absorbing materials are uniformly sprayed in the cavity; the opening of the optical trap 4 is opposite to the laser beam, and the laser beam enters the cavity of the optical trap 4 from the opening of the optical trap and is absorbed by the cavity of the optical trap 4.
In the invention, the aerosol particles to be detected generate airflow by the airflow driving device, and the airflow drives the aerosol particles to flow into the detection light path of the invention. In the present invention, the direction of the air flow is the direction of movement of the aerosol particles. As shown in fig. 1, the components of the aerosol particle detection optical system are in the same plane, and the airflow direction is perpendicular to the plane, i.e. the aerosol particle movement direction is perpendicular to the paper surface. In fig. 1, the aerosol particles 5 to be measured are irradiated with a laser beam precisely while flowing, and fluorescence and scattered light are generated.
In the invention, a laser light source 1, aerosol particles to be detected and a light trap are arranged on a straight line, and a fluorescence detection unit comprises a reflector, a condenser lens, a light splitting sheet, a fluorescence filter and a photoelectric detector and can detect fluorescence with two different wavelengths; the scattered light detection unit comprises a condensing lens, a polarizer and a photoelectric detector, and can simultaneously detect the intensity of scattered light in two different polarization directions. The fluorescence detector and the scattered light detector are connected with the signal processing unit, and the signal processing unit finishes the acquisition and processing of photoelectric signals.
The laser light source 1 is a continuous laser source, emitted light is linearly polarized light, and the wavelength is less than 410 nm; the propagation direction of the laser beam is vertically intersected with the direction of the air flow; the cross section of the laser beam is in a straight line shape at the intersection of the laser beam and the air flow, the thickness of the laser beam is less than 50 mu m, and preferably, the thickness of the laser beam is less than 30 mu m; the width of the laser beam is 1.2-1.4 times of the diameter of the airflow, so that aerosol particles can be reliably excited by the laser beam. The laser energy density is as high as possible.
The scattered light detection unit includes a first condenser lens 21, a second condenser lens 22, a first polarizer 23, a second polarizer 24, a first photodetector 25, and a second photodetector 26.
The first condenser lens 21 and the second condenser lens 22 are used for condensing the passing scattered light to the first photodetector 25 and the second photodetector 26, respectively.
The first condenser lens 21 and the second condenser lens 22 are positioned in the extension line direction of the connecting line of the laser light source 1 and the aerosol particles to be detected, and are symmetrically and obliquely arranged with the laser beam; the included angle between the optical axis of the first condenser lens 21 and the optical axis of the second condenser lens 22 and the laser beam is 15-30 degrees; that is, the detected scattered light is forward scattered light, which is better in the resolution capability of the particle size.
The first photodetector 25 is located at the focal point of the first condenser lens 21; the second photodetector 26 is located at the focal point of the second condenser lens 22; the first polarizer 23 is disposed between the first condenser lens 21 and the first photodetector 25; the second polarizer 24 is disposed between the second condenser lens 22 and the second photodetector 26.
After the laser beam and aerosol particles to be detected in the airflow act to generate scattered light, part of the scattered light is focused by the first condenser lens 21 and enters the first photoelectric detector 25 through the first polarizer 23; the partially scattered radiation is focused by the second condenser lens 22 and enters the second photodetector 26 through the second polarizer 24. The first photodetector 25 and the second photodetector 26 are configured to receive the filtered scattered light and output a scattered light polarization scattering signal to the signal processing unit; the first photodetector 25 and the second photodetector 26 output polarization scattering signals to the signal processing unit, respectively.
The first polarizer 23 and the second polarizer 24 are used for filtering the passing scattered light respectively. The polarization direction of the first polarizer 23 is parallel to the polarization direction of the laser beam, and the polarization direction of the second polarizer 24 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the laser beam; or the polarization direction of the first polarizer 23 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the laser beam, and the polarization direction of the second polarizer 24 is parallel to the polarization direction of the laser beam. That is, the first polarizer 23 filters the passing scattered light to obtain parallel polarized scattered light, and the second polarizer 24 filters the passing scattered light to obtain vertical polarized scattered light; or the first polarizer 23 filters the scattered light passing through to obtain vertically polarized scattered light, and the second polarizer 24 filters the scattered light passing through to obtain parallel polarized scattered light.
Thus, the first photodetector 25 measures the parallel polarized scattered light generated for the particle, and the second photodetector 26 measures the perpendicular polarized scattered light generated for the particle; or the first photodetector 25 measures the vertically polarized scattered light generated for the particle and the second photodetector 26 measures the parallel polarized scattered light generated for the particle.
The fluorescence detection unit includes a reflector 31, a third condenser lens 32, a beam splitter 33, a first fluorescence filter 34, a second fluorescence filter 35, a fourth condenser lens 36, a fifth condenser lens 37, a third photodetector 38, and a fourth photodetector 39.
The reflector 31 is used for reflecting fluorescence and is a spherical reflector, and the spherical center is positioned at the intersection of the laser beam and the airflow; the direction of the main axis of the reflector 31 is vertical to the laser beam; when the laser beam and aerosol particles in the airflow act to generate fluorescence, the reflection direction is the incident direction of the fluorescence.
The third condenser lens 32 is used for refracting the passing fluorescence into parallel fluorescence beams; the direction of the principal axis thereof coincides with the direction of the principal axis of the mirror 31. The optical axis of the third condenser lens 32 coincides with the optical axis of the reflector 31. The mirror 31, in combination with the third condenser lens 32, can collimate the light beam.
When the laser beam and aerosol particles in the airflow act to generate fluorescence, the fluorescence is diffused to four places, the fluorescence which is towards the reflector 31 is reflected by the reflector 31, and the reflected fluorescence returns back through the spherical center of the reflector 31; the fluorescence and the reflected fluorescence in the direction of the third condenser lens 32 pass through the third condenser lens 32 and are refracted into parallel fluorescence beams.
The light splitting sheet 33 is a dichroic light splitting sheet, is located on the refraction light path of the third light focusing lens 32, and is used for transmitting/reflecting the passing fluorescent light beam according to the wavelength; the central wavelength of the beam splitter 33 is 490-510 nm. The beam splitter 33 and the fluorescent light beam form an included angle of 45 degrees.
The first fluorescent filter 34 and the second fluorescent filter 35 are respectively used for filtering the passing fluorescent light beams; the fifth condenser lens 37 and the fourth condenser lens 36 respectively condense the filtered fluorescence light beam to the fourth photodetector 39 and the third photodetector 38.
The second fluorescent filter 35 and the fourth condensing lens 36 are located on the transmission light path of the light splitter 33; the first fluorescent filter 34 and the fifth condenser lens 37 are located on the reflection light path of the spectroscope 33.
The third photoelectric detector 38 and the fourth photoelectric detector 39 respectively receive the filtered fluorescence and output fluorescence signals to the signal processing unit; the fourth photodetector 39 is located at the focusing focal point of the fifth condenser lens 37; the third photodetector 38 is located at the focal point of the fourth condenser lens 36.
The light splitting sheet 33 is a coated lens, different coated lenses have different effects, and some lenses can transmit light with a wavelength higher than a certain wavelength and reflect light with a wavelength lower than the certain wavelength; in some cases, light above a certain wavelength is reflected and light below a certain wavelength is transmitted, in contrast.
In the first embodiment, light with a wavelength greater than 510nm in the fluorescent light beam is transmitted by the beam splitter 33, and then is converged to the third photodetector 38 through the second fluorescent filter 35 and the fourth condenser lens 36; light with the wavelength less than 510nm in the fluorescence is reflected by the light splitter 33, and is converged into the fourth photoelectric detector 39 through the first fluorescent filter 34 and the fifth condenser lens 37 of the fluorescent filter; at this time, the second fluorescent filter 35 is used for filtering light with a wavelength less than 510 nm; the first fluorescent filter 34 is used for filtering light with a wavelength greater than 510nm or filtering light with a wavelength less than 450 nm.
In the second embodiment, light with a wavelength less than 510nm in the fluorescent light beam is transmitted by the beam splitter 33, and then is converged to the third photodetector 38 through the second fluorescent filter 35 and the fourth condenser lens 36; light with the wavelength of more than 510nm in the fluorescence is reflected by the light splitter 33, and is converged into the fourth photoelectric detector 39 through the first fluorescent filter 34 and the fifth condenser lens 37 of the fluorescent filter; at this time, the second fluorescent filter 35 filters light with a wavelength greater than 510nm or a wavelength less than 450 nm; the first fluorescent filter 34 filters out light having a wavelength of less than 510 nm.
The signal processing unit synchronously receives signals of the first photodetector 25, the second photodetector 26, the third photodetector 38 and the fourth photodetector 39, and determines the aerosol particle properties according to the two fluorescence signals and the two polarization scattering signals of the particles.
In the present invention, the signal processing unit can also receive partial signals in the first photodetector 25, the second photodetector 26, the third photodetector 38, and the fourth photodetector 39, and determine the aerosol particle properties. This decision is less accurate since only part of the signal is received.
The signal processing unit can carry out off-line detection on the aerosol particles through the database, and can also carry out on-line detection on the aerosol particles through modes such as on-line data, big data and the like, so that the accuracy rate of identifying the biological particles can be obviously improved.
The aerosol particle detection optical system designed by the invention is an optical system for single-particle multi-parameter synchronous detection, can simultaneously detect polarized scattered light in two directions and fluorescence with two different wavelengths of a single aerosol particle, carries out online detection on biological particles through a polarized scattered signal of the particle and a fluorescence signal with two wavelengths, and can obviously improve the accuracy of biological particle identification.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An aerosol particle detection optical system, comprising:
the device comprises a laser light source (1), a light source (1) and a control unit, wherein the laser light source (1) is used for emitting laser beams, and the laser beams react with aerosol particles in airflow to generate scattered light and fluorescence;
the scattered light detection unit is used for detecting scattered light signals, obtaining two paths of scattered light polarization scattered signals according to the scattered light signals and outputting and transmitting the two paths of scattered light polarization scattered signals to the signal processing unit;
the scattered light detection unit comprises a first condenser lens (21), a second condenser lens (22), a first polarizer (23), a second polarizer (24), a first photoelectric detector (25) and a second photoelectric detector (26);
the first condenser lens (21) and the second condenser lens (22) are used for condensing the passing scattered light to a first photoelectric detector (25) and a second photoelectric detector (26) respectively;
the first polarizer (23) and the second polarizer (24) are used for filtering the passing scattered light respectively;
the first photoelectric detector (25) and the second photoelectric detector (26) are used for respectively receiving the filtered scattered light and outputting a scattered light polarization scattering signal to the signal processing unit;
the fluorescence detection unit is used for detecting a fluorescence signal, obtaining two paths of fluorescence signals according to the fluorescence signal and outputting the two paths of fluorescence signals to the signal processing unit;
the fluorescence detection unit comprises a reflector (31), a third condensing lens (32), a spectroscope (33), a first fluorescence filter (34), a second fluorescence filter (35), a fourth condensing lens (36), a fifth condensing lens (37), a third photoelectric detector (38) and a fourth photoelectric detector (39);
the reflector (31) is used for reflecting fluorescence, and the reflection direction of the reflector is the incident direction of the fluorescence;
the third light focusing lens (32) is used for refracting the passing fluorescence into parallel fluorescence beams;
the light splitting sheet (33) is a dichroic light splitting sheet and is used for transmitting/reflecting passing fluorescent light beams according to wavelength;
the first fluorescent filter (34) and the second fluorescent filter (35) are respectively used for filtering passing fluorescent light beams;
the fifth condenser lens (37) and the fourth condenser lens (36) are respectively used for condensing the passing fluorescent light beams to a fourth photoelectric detector (39) and a third photoelectric detector (38);
the third photoelectric detector (38) and the fourth photoelectric detector (39) are respectively used for receiving the filtered fluorescence and outputting a fluorescence signal to the signal processing unit;
and the signal processing unit is used for synchronously receiving signals of the first photoelectric detector (25), the second photoelectric detector (26), the third photoelectric detector (38) and the fourth photoelectric detector (39) and judging the properties of the particles according to the two paths of fluorescence signals and the two paths of polarization scattering signals of the particles.
2. The aerosol particle detection optical system of claim 1,
the laser light source (1) is a continuous laser source, emitted light is linearly polarized light, and the wavelength is less than 410 nm; the propagation direction of the laser beam is vertically intersected with the direction of the air flow;
the cross section of the laser beam is in a straight line shape at the intersection of the laser beam and the air flow, the thickness of the laser beam is less than 50 mu m, and the width of the laser beam is 1.2-1.4 times of the diameter of the air flow.
3. The aerosol particle detection optical system according to claim 2,
the laser beam thickness is less than 30 μm.
4. The aerosol particle detection optical system of claim 1,
the included angle between the optical axis of the first condenser lens (21) and the optical axis of the second condenser lens (22) and the laser beam is 15-30 degrees.
5. The aerosol particle detection optical system of claim 1,
the first polarizer (23) filters the scattered light to obtain parallel polarization scattered light, and the second polarizer (24) filters the scattered light to obtain vertical polarization scattered light; or
The first polarizer (23) filters the scattered light to obtain vertically polarized scattered light, and the second polarizer (24) filters the scattered light to obtain parallel polarized scattered light.
6. The aerosol particle detection optical system of claim 1,
the reflector (31) is a spherical reflector, and the spherical center is positioned at the intersection of the laser beam and the airflow; the front focus of the third condenser lens (32) is coincided with the spherical center of the reflector (31).
7. The aerosol particle detection optical system according to claim 6,
the central wavelength of the light splitting sheet (33) is 490-510 nm;
the included angle between the light splitting sheet (33) and the fluorescent light beam is 45 degrees.
8. The aerosol particle detection optical system of claim 7,
the light splitting sheet (33) transmits light with the wavelength of the passing fluorescent light beam being more than 510nm and reflects light with the wavelength being less than 510 nm;
the second fluorescent filter (35) is used for filtering light with the wavelength less than 510 nm;
the first fluorescent filter (34) is used for filtering out light with the wavelength less than 450nm and greater than 510 nm.
9. The aerosol particle detection optical system of claim 7,
the light splitting sheet (33) transmits light with the wavelength of the passing fluorescent light beam being less than 510nm and reflects light with the wavelength being more than 510 nm;
the second fluorescent filter (35) filters out light with the wavelength less than 450nm and greater than 510 nm;
the first fluorescent filter (34) filters out light with a wavelength less than 510 nm.
10. The aerosol particle detection optical system of claim 1,
the aerosol particle detection optical system further comprises an optical trap (4);
the opening of the optical trap (4) is opposite to the laser beam, and the laser beam enters the cavity of the optical trap (4) from the opening of the optical trap and is absorbed by the cavity of the optical trap (4).
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