CN113588034A - Method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring volume of gas in transformer oil - Google Patents
Method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring volume of gas in transformer oil Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013399 early diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F22/00—Methods or apparatus for measuring volume of fluids or fluent solid material, not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of gas in transformer oil, wherein bubbles in the transformer oil cannot be observed under the condition of naked eyes, an in-focus, left-right defocusing image of the bubbles in the transformer oil in the operating state can be obtained in real time by adopting a phase real-time microscopic camera and combining a commercial microscope, the phase distribution diagram of the bubbles is solved based on a light intensity transmission equation (TIE) by combining the obtained in-focus, left-right defocusing image, the volume of the gas in the transformer oil is calculated according to the phase diagram of the bubbles, the operating state of a transformer is judged according to the detected volume of the gas in the transformer oil, and a basis is provided for fault detection of the transformer. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simple equipment, no need of contact, real-time and rapid detection, safety, convenience and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system transformers, in particular to a method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of gas in transformer oil.
Background
The application range of the transformer is very wide, and the transformer is one of the most important electric products in a power system, particularly a power transmission and transformation circuit. In order to ensure the reliability and the economy of power supply of a power system, the online monitoring and fault diagnosis technology of the transformer is developed. The transformer oil is insulating oil for insulation, cooling and arc extinguishing in electrical equipment. The quality of the alloy has important significance for ensuring the safe operation of the equipment. Transformer oil is mineral oil obtained by distilling and refining natural petroleum. It is a mixed hydrocarbon composed of various hydrocarbons of different molecular weights. When faults such as overheating, partial discharge, electric spark, continuous arc and the like occur in the operation of the transformer, hydrogen and low molecular hydrocarbon gases formed in the oil are dissolved in the oil to form bubbles, the gases can affect the dielectric property of the transformer oil and the normal operation of the transformer, and the volume of the gases is closely related to the fault type and the severity of the transformer. The detection of the volume of dissolved gas in the transformer oil is of great significance to the early diagnosis and development of certain potential faults of the transformer. The volume of each component of dissolved gas in oil is accurately determined, the reliability of an experimental result is improved, and the method is a precondition and a basis for accurately evaluating the running state of equipment. The currently common monitoring method is gas chromatography, which does not need field contact and has good safety, but needs field sampling and laboratory analysis, and has long time consumption and poor instantaneity; in addition, the method has complex detection procedures and has certain requirements on the operation level of detection personnel; and the chromatographic column needs to be cleaned and replaced regularly, so that the cost is increased, the running state of each transformer cannot be monitored and mastered at any time, and early warning cannot be timely realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of gas in transformer oil, which can monitor the change of the volume of the gas in the transformer oil, further monitor whether faults such as overheating, partial discharge, electric sparks and continuous arcs occur in the transformer in real time and ensure the normal operation of the transformer.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of gas in transformer oil includes such steps as using an image acquisition device to obtain the in-focus, left-right out-of-focus images of bubbles in transformer oil, solving the phase diagram of bubbles in transformer oil, calculating the real-time volume of gas in transformer oil according to the phase diagram, and calculating the volume of gas in transformer oil to obtain the running state of transformer.
The image acquisition device comprises a phase real-time microscopic camera and a commercial microscope, wherein in the monitoring process of the running state of the transformer, transformer oil is placed under the commercial microscope, the definition degree of the transformer oil under the commercial microscope is adjusted until clear in-focus and left and right out-of-focus images are obtained, the in-focus and left and right out-of-focus images are acquired through the phase real-time microscopic camera and transmitted to the computer.
Further, in the transformer operation state monitoring process, the transformer oil is placed under a commercial microscope, the focal length is adjusted, an image under the microscope is in a focusing state, and a phase real-time microscope camera is used for shooting an in-focus image, an under-focus image and an over-focus image of the transformer oil under the focusing condition.
Further, after the phase real-time microscopic camera is combined with a commercial microscope to obtain an in-focus image, an under-focus image and an over-focus image of the bubbles in the transformer oil, the phase image of the bubbles in the transformer oil is solved based on a light intensity transmission equation.
Compared with the prior art, the method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of the gas in the transformer oil at least has the following beneficial effects:
1) the in-focus and left-right defocusing images of the transformer oil are obtained by combining the phase real-time microscopic camera with the commercial microscope device, the quality of the transformer oil can be analyzed by processing the extracted phase information by using the computer, and finally the purpose of monitoring the running state of the transformer in real time is realized, the device is simple, the cost is saved, the on-site real-time detection can be realized, the speed is high, the contact is not needed, and the safety is good;
2) whether transformer oil is deteriorated or not can be analyzed according to the calculated ratio of the volume of the gas, and then whether faults such as overheating, partial discharge, electric sparks and continuous electric arcs occur or not can be monitored, so that the faults of the transformer can be found in time conveniently, and accidents such as fire disasters, equipment damage or electronic component damage are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of gas in transformer oil according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical support of the present invention in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Examples
In the event of a fault in the transformer, such as overheating, partial discharge, electrical sparks, sustained arcing, and the like, due to the effects of thermal and electrical stress, the cellulose insulation paper and transformer oil may decompose, generate gas dissolved in the oil, form bubbles, and reduce the dielectric strength thereof, resulting in a more likely failure of the transformer. Based on the situation, the invention relates to a method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of gas in transformer oil, which is characterized in that an in-focus, left-right defocusing image of the transformer oil which cannot be observed under the condition of naked eyes is obtained on the basis of a phase real-time microscopic camera and a commercial microscope device, the obtained in-focus, left-right defocusing image is solved into a phase distribution map of bubbles on the basis of a light intensity transmission equation (TIE), and after phases are extracted from a field of view, the bubbles with the field of view are automatically identified according to phase values of the bubbles by using a classical threshold segmentation algorithm. The area of the bubble can be estimated from the pixels it occupies, since the area occupied by a single pixel has been previously calibrated with the two-step phase resolution target of the united states air force in 1951; the height H of the bubble can be calculated from equation (1):
wherein n isoilRefractive index of transformer oil, n, measured for refractometergasThe refractive index of the gas is approximately 1, and the total gas volume VgasCan be measured as the sum of all the bubble volumes in the transformer oil sample in the sample chamber, and the gas-oil volume ratio can be simply calculated as Vgas/(Vtotal-Vgas) In which V istotalTotal volume determined for pipette. The proportion of the gas in the transformer oil is calculated, and the volume of the gas in the transformer oil can be rapidly and quantitatively detected.
And (3) acquiring in-focus and left-right defocusing images of the transformer oil in the running state of the transformer by utilizing a phase real-time microscopic camera in combination with a commercial microscope device for monitoring. Specifically, to obtain these images, the focal length is adjusted so that the image under the microscope is in focus, and the in-focus, under-focus, and over-focus images of the transformer oil in focus are taken using a phase real-time microscope camera.
As shown in fig. 1, the phase real-time microscope camera combines with a commercial microscope device, transformer oil is placed under a microscope, and the focal length is adjusted until clear in-focus, left-right out-of-focus images (in-focus image, under-focus image and over-focus image) are obtained. Then, in-focus, left-right defocusing images are collected through a phase real-time microscopic camera. The phase real-time microscopic camera can obtain in-focus, left-right defocusing images of transformer oil with different gas volumes, and transmits the images to the computer so as to further realize phase recovery at the computer interface.
The computer solves the phase diagram of the bubbles in the oil by adopting a light intensity transmission equation (TIE) according to the in-focus, left-right defocusing images. Recording a series of in-focus and out-of-focus images by a phase real-time microscopic camera, and solving the phase by using a light intensity transmission equation
And inverting the phase distribution of all air bubbles in the transformer oil.
The local refractive index of the transformer oil is changed due to the difference of the refractive indexes of the transformer oil and the gas in the oil, and the change is represented as the difference of the phase in the physical quantity, so the volume of the gas in the transformer oil is detected according to the difference of the phase value.
In the real-time monitoring process, whether the transformer oil is deteriorated or not can be monitored according to the proportion of the gas volume obtained in the real-time monitoring process, namely, the real-time gas volume in the transformer oil is calculated by extracting the phase information of the transformer oil in real time, the running state of the transformer is analyzed, a basis is provided for transformer fault detection, and accidents such as fire disasters, equipment damage or electronic component damage and the like are avoided. Therefore, the purpose of monitoring the running state of the transformer in real time is achieved.
The theoretical support of the invention is a light intensity transmission equation (TIE), the basic principle is that under the condition of satisfying paraxial approximation, the change of light intensity along the direction of an optical axis is determined by the phase of light waves on a plane vertical to the optical axis. The specific derivation of TIE is as follows:
in optics, the complex amplitude expression of monochromatic light is:
wherein, I is the light intensity,
the z-axis is the propagation direction, phase.
The complex amplitude u (x, y, z) of the monochromatic light, which can be used to derive the light intensity transfer equation (TIE) by means of the inlining verification, strictly satisfies the parabolic equation:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the intensity gradient along the Z-axis, k-2 pi/lambda is the wavevector,
in order to be a two-dimensional laplace operator,
is a gradient operator.
Calculating the conjugate function u of u (x, y, z)*(x，y，z)：
Will u*(x, y, z) times
The following can be obtained:
multiplying u (x, y, z) by
The conjugation of (A) to (B):
subtracting the two products to obtain:
this equation is the intensity propagation equation, i.e., the TIE equation. From the above equations, it can be seen that TIE measures the intensity I (x, y, z) and the change in intensity
Associated with the phase phi (x, y, z). Variation of intensity
Can pass through z-z in the propagation z-axis0And z + z0The intensity measurements at (a) are solved for, as shown in fig. 2.
The invention utilizes the phase real-time microscopic camera to combine with a commercial microscope device to obtain the in-focus, left-right defocusing images of the transformer oil, and utilizes the phase information processed and extracted by the computer to analyze the quality of the transformer oil, thereby finally realizing the purpose of monitoring the running state of the transformer in real time; whether transformer oil is deteriorated or not can be analyzed according to the calculated ratio of the volume of the gas, and then whether faults such as overheating, partial discharge, electric sparks and continuous electric arcs occur or not can be monitored, so that the faults of the transformer can be found in time conveniently, and accidents such as fire disasters, equipment damage or electronic component damage are avoided.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of gas in transformer oil is characterized in that an image acquisition device is adopted to obtain in-focus, left-right defocusing images of bubbles in the transformer oil in a transformer operation state, a phase diagram of the bubbles in the transformer oil is solved, the real-time volume of the gas in the transformer oil is calculated according to the phase of the bubbles, and the transformer operation state is obtained according to the calculated volume of the gas in the transformer oil.
2. The method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of the gas in the transformer oil according to claim 1, wherein the image acquisition device comprises a phase real-time micro-camera and a commercial microscope, and in the monitoring process of the running state of the transformer, the transformer oil is placed under the commercial microscope, the definition degree of the transformer oil under the commercial microscope is adjusted until clear in-focus, left-right out-of-focus images are obtained, and then the in-focus, left-right out-of-focus images are acquired through the phase real-time micro-camera and transmitted to the computer.
3. The method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of the gas in the transformer oil according to claim 2, wherein in the process of monitoring the operation state of the transformer, the transformer oil is placed under a commercial microscope, the focal length is adjusted to enable an image under the microscope to be in a focusing state, and a phase real-time microscopic camera is used for shooting an in-focus image, an under-focus image and an over-focus image of the transformer oil under the focusing condition.
4. The method for rapidly and quantitatively monitoring the volume of the gas in the transformer oil according to claim 3, wherein a phase real-time micro-camera is combined with a commercial microscope to obtain an in-focus image, an under-focus image and an over-focus image of the gas bubbles in the transformer oil, and then a phase image of the gas bubbles in the transformer oil is solved based on a light intensity transmission equation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115201638A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-10-18 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司广州局 | Insulation fault detection method, device, program product and storage medium for transformer |
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