CN113587722B - Full-automatic intelligent target platform with fool-proof function - Google Patents

Full-automatic intelligent target platform with fool-proof function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113587722B
CN113587722B CN202110875093.2A CN202110875093A CN113587722B CN 113587722 B CN113587722 B CN 113587722B CN 202110875093 A CN202110875093 A CN 202110875093A CN 113587722 B CN113587722 B CN 113587722B
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China
Prior art keywords
shooting
gun
sensor
sleeve
automatic intelligent
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CN202110875093.2A
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CN113587722A (en
Inventor
张新
黄道晗
桂大庆
解顺达
李朋辉
张锋
田晓
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Hefei Junxin Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Hefei Junxin Electronic Technology Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A33/00Adaptations for training; Gun simulators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F41A25/10Spring-operated systems
    • F41A25/12Spring-operated systems using coil springs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/06Mechanical systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41JTARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
    • F41J5/00Target indicating systems; Target-hit or score detecting systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41JTARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
    • F41J5/00Target indicating systems; Target-hit or score detecting systems
    • F41J5/14Apparatus for signalling hits or scores to the shooter, e.g. manually operated, or for communication between target and shooter; Apparatus for recording hits or scores

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of machinery, and particularly relates to a full-automatic intelligent target table with a fool-proof function. This full-automatic intelligent target platform includes: the device comprises a machine table, a gunstock mechanism, a shooting sensing mechanism, a controller and an alarm. The gun stock mechanism is arranged on the machine platform and comprises a gun stock, a gun bracket, a connecting assembly and a base; the connecting assembly comprises a connecting shaft, a rotating sleeve and a lifting sleeve. The base includes a base plate and a cover. The shooting sensing mechanism is arranged on the gunstock mechanism; the shooting sensing mechanism comprises an inclination angle sensor, a rotation sensing assembly and a contact sensor. The controller is used for acquiring detection signals of the inclination angle sensor, the left limit sensor, the right limit sensor and the contact sensor and judging whether the shooting posture of the user exceeds the limit; the alarm is electrically connected with the controller, and the alarm receives the signal sent by the controller and sends out a corresponding alarm. The invention solves the problems that the shooting target platform in the prior art is insufficient in fool-proof function and difficult to realize automatic danger early warning.

Description

Full-automatic intelligent target platform with fool-proof function
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machinery, and particularly relates to a full-automatic intelligent target table with a fool-proof function.
Background
A shooting target platform is needed in shooting training, and a gunstock is arranged on the target platform. When the user carries out shooting training, the gun is placed on the stock, and the target in front of the target platform is aimed for shooting. The stock can carry out horizontal rotation and every single move regulation in the use, is convenient for carry out the direction and aims. In shooting training, the horizontal deflection or pitch adjustment angle of the gun has a certain range limit, and shooting posture errors or aiming beyond the limit angle not only can miss targets, but also can cause injury to other people or objects in a shooting training field, which is absolutely not allowed to occur dangerous errors. However, most of the existing shooting target platforms have single functions, the shooting posture correction depends on manual work, and the shooting target platforms do not have fool-proof or early warning functions. In addition, the existing shooting target platform and target scoring system are two dispersed systems, data statistics is difficult to be carried out on the shooting training result on the design target platform, the automation degree of the shooting target platform is low, and the using effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The shooting target table aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the fool-proof function of the shooting target table is insufficient, and automatic danger early warning is difficult to realize; the invention provides a full-automatic intelligent target platform with a fool-proof function.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a full-automatic intelligent target platform with prevent slow-witted function, this full-automatic intelligent target platform includes: the device comprises a machine table, a gunstock mechanism, a shooting sensing mechanism, a controller and an alarm.
The gun stock mechanism is arranged on the machine platform and comprises a gun stock, a gun bracket, a connecting assembly and a base; the gun stock is rotatably connected in the gun bracket, a gap is formed between the gun stock and the gun bracket, and the gun stock can move in a pitching manner relative to the gun bracket. The connecting assembly comprises a connecting shaft, a rotating sleeve and a lifting sleeve. The upper end of the rotary sleeve is fixedly connected with the gun bracket; the rotating sleeve is sleeved outside the connecting shaft; the lifting sleeve is sleeved outside the rotating sleeve. The periphery of the bottom end of the lifting sleeve is provided with a downward pressing limiting plate extending outwards. The base comprises a bottom plate and a cover shell; the housing is a bottomless cylinder; the housing is mounted on the base plate and forms a cylindrical mounting space. A circular opening is arranged in the center of a top cover of the housing; the connecting assembly extends into the installation space along the circular opening, and the downward pressing limiting plate of the lifting sleeve is positioned in the installation space. The bottom end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom plate; the lower pressing limit plate is connected with the lower surface of the top cover in the housing through an elastic piece.
The shooting sensing mechanism is arranged on the gunstock mechanism; the shooting sensing mechanism comprises a tilt angle sensor, a rotation sensing assembly and a contact sensor. The inclination angle sensor is installed on the bottom surface of stock, and the inclination angle sensor is used for responding to the every single move deflection angle of stock relative gun bracket. The rotary induction component comprises an arc induction sheet, a left limit inductor and a right limit inductor. The arc-shaped induction sheet is connected to the periphery of the bottom end of the rotary sleeve; the arc induction sheet is concentric with the rotary sleeve, and the radian of the arc induction sheet is equal to the maximum horizontal rotation angle allowed by the full-automatic intelligent target table. Left limit inductor and right limit inductor symmetry are installed on the bottom plate to when making full-automatic intelligent target platform be in initial condition, the both ends of arc response piece contact with left limit inductor and right limit inductor respectively. The contact sensor is positioned right below the downward pressing limiting plate; and when the elastic piece connected to the downward pressing limiting plate is in a natural state, the downward pressing limiting plate is close to the contact sensor but does not contact the contact sensor.
The controller is used for acquiring detection signals of the inclination angle sensor, the left limit sensor, the right limit sensor and the contact sensor and making the following decisions:
(1) When the contact inductor contacts with the lower pressing limiting plate, the shooting process is judged to start, and a shooting start signal is sent.
(2) When the contact sensor is separated from the downward pressing limiting plate, the shooting process is judged to be finished, and a shooting end signal is sent.
(3) And when the pitching deflection angle detected by the tilt sensor is larger than a preset pitching limit, sending a pitching early warning signal.
(4) When the left limit inductor and the right limit inductor are both separated from the arc-shaped induction sheet, a rotation early warning signal is sent out.
The alarm is electrically connected with the controller and is used for respectively sending out corresponding alarms when receiving pitching early warning signals or rotating early warning signals sent out by the controller and receiving different signals.
In the full-automatic intelligent target platform provided by the invention, the structure of the gunstock mechanism is redesigned, and on the basis of keeping the horizontal rotation function and the pitching rotation function of the traditional gunstock; still at the internally mounted of stock mechanism shooting response mechanism, after having increased shooting response mechanism, the stock still has the function of detecting the heavy object that bears on the stock, and then is used for judging whether the shooting process begins. Meanwhile, the functions of detecting the pitching angle of the stock and detecting and limiting the horizontal rotation angle of the stock are added in the stock mechanism. And the controller and the alarm give an alarm when the horizontal rotation angle or the pitching angle of the gunstock rotated by the user exceeds a preset limit. The fool-proof function and the safety of the full-automatic intelligent target platform are improved. When the mechanism is used, the shooting posture of a user can be autonomously monitored, and the wrong posture of the user is reminded, so that the target table disclosed by the invention has higher automation degree and is more intelligent.
As a further improvement of the invention, a gun bracket is arranged in the gun bracket, and the cross section of the gun bracket is n-shaped with an upward opening. The gunstock is positioned in the gunstock bracket and is rotationally connected with the side walls of the two sides of the gunstock groove through a rotating shaft. The extending direction of rotation axis is followed the horizontal direction, and the position that lies in between stock and the stock in the rotation axis is equipped with a torsional spring that is used for realizing the stock and resets. The bottom surface of stock sets up inside sunken sensor mounting groove, and inclination sensor installs in the sensor mounting groove.
As a further improvement of the invention, the bottom of the gun bracket is provided with a mounting joint; the mounting joint is fixedly connected with the top of the rotary sleeve. The top of the rotary sleeve is provided with a square connecting part, and the mounting joint comprises a connecting groove matched with the connecting part in shape.
As a further improvement of the invention, the height of the rotating sleeve is greater than that of the lifting sleeve; the upper sections of the rotating sleeve and the lifting sleeve respectively comprise a threaded section containing external threads; a fixed thin nut is sleeved on the threaded section of the rotary sleeve; the thread section of the lifting sleeve is sleeved with a lifting adjusting nut.
As a further improvement of the invention, the periphery of the upper section of the lifting sleeve is also provided with an upper limiting plate; the upper limiting plate is positioned above the top cover of the housing. The lifting sleeve is externally sleeved with a first compression spring and a second compression spring, and the outer diameters of the first compression spring and the second compression spring are larger than the diameter of an opening in the housing. The first compression spring is positioned between the upper limiting plate and the top cover; the second compression spring is positioned between the lower pressing limiting plate and the top cover; the second compression spring is the elastic piece for connecting the lower limiting plate and the top cover. And when the first compression spring and the second compression spring are in a natural state, the pressing limiting plate is separated from the contact sensor.
As a further improvement of the invention, the rotating sleeve and the lifting sleeve are replaced by a moving sleeve sleeved outside the connecting shaft; the upper end of the moving sleeve is fixedly connected with the gun bracket; the bottom end of the motion sleeve is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped induction sheet; the peripheries of the upper end and the lower end of the motion sleeve are respectively provided with an upper limiting plate and a lower pressing limiting plate. A fixed flange is installed at the opening of the housing, ball bearings are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the fixed flange, an outer ring of each ball bearing is connected with the fixed flange, and an inner ring of each ball bearing is sleeved on the periphery of the moving sleeve. A first compression spring is arranged between the upper limiting plate and the ball bearing above the fixed flange; and a second compression spring is arranged between the pressing limiting plate and the ball bearing below the fixed flange.
As a further improvement of the invention, two ends of the arc-shaped induction sheet are respectively elastically connected with the inner wall of the housing or a connecting column arranged on the bottom plate through a tension spring; when the tension spring is in a natural state, the arc-shaped induction sheet is symmetrical relative to the axis of the shooting direction, and the gun stock is made to be at the initial position on the horizontal rotation angle.
As a further improvement of the invention, the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with a limiting post which is positioned at the other side back to the arc-shaped induction sheet, and when the rotary sleeve rotates leftwards or rightwards to the maximum allowed horizontal rotation angle, the left end or the right end of the arc-shaped induction sheet is respectively abutted against the limiting post.
As a further improvement of the invention, the full-automatic intelligent target platform also comprises a firing sensor, and the firing sensor is used for acquiring a detection signal of each firing action of the gun; the firing sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller counts the times of the fire hits and the continuous hits by acquiring the number of detection signals and the occurrence time of the firing sensor after judging the start of the shooting process; when the trigger sensor acquires a trigger signal every time, the user is judged to finish a shooting action, and when the interval time between two shooting actions is judged to be less than a preset time threshold value, the user is judged to finish a continuous shooting action.
As a further improvement of the invention, a camera, a wireless data receiving module and a display module are also arranged on the machine platform; the target area of the camera view comprises the position of a gun stock and the peripheral area thereof; the camera is electrically connected with the controller, shoots the target area when receiving a shooting start signal sent by the controller, and finishes shooting the target area when receiving a shooting end signal sent by the controller. The wireless data receiving module is used for receiving the number of targets of the current shooting action acquired by a shooting target number acquiring module. The display module is electrically connected with the controller and is used for displaying the shooting times, the continuous shooting number, the shooting target number, the shooting start signal, the shooting end signal, the pitching early warning signal and the rotation early warning signal which are acquired in the shooting process.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention is on the basis of keeping the horizontal rotation function and pitching rotation function of the traditional gun stock; and a shooting sensing mechanism is also arranged in the gun stock mechanism. The gunstock has the function of detecting the heavy object borne on the gunstock, and is further used for judging whether the shooting process starts. Meanwhile, the functions of detecting the pitching angle of the stock and detecting and limiting the horizontal rotation angle of the stock are added in the stock mechanism. And the controller and the alarm give an alarm when the horizontal rotation angle or the pitching angle of the gunstock rotated by the user exceeds a preset limit. The fool-proof function and the safety of the full-automatic intelligent target platform are improved. When the mechanism is used, the shooting posture of a user can be autonomously monitored, and the wrong posture of the user is reminded, so that the target table disclosed by the invention has higher automation degree and is more intelligent.
2. In the full-automatic intelligent target platform provided by the invention, the height of the gunstock can be adjusted through the lifting adjusting nut and the fixing thin nut, so that the adaptability to different users is increased, and the users with different heights can find the optimal shooting posture.
3. According to the invention, through the use of the fixed flange, the ball bearing, the first compression spring, the second compression spring and other components, the gun stock not only has the function of rotation adjustment, but also is more stable in the use process, the horizontal offset error of the gun stock in the use process can be effectively reduced, and the longitudinal shaking of the gun stock is eliminated. So that the shooting process is more stable. In addition, the first and second compression springs also have the effect of absorbing the impact effect of recoil produced by the firearm during firing.
4. Besides the prompting of the gunstock mechanism through the alarm, the gunstock mechanism can also block the gunstock through the limiting column when the angle of the gun is adjusted by a user to exceed the limit, so that the fool-proof effect and the safety of the gun are further improved.
5. In the target platform, the shooting posture and the shooting process of the user are photographed and filed at proper time by using the camera, so that the target platform is convenient for the user to look up at the later stage. Meanwhile, the target scoring function is integrated into the target table, various detected data of the user during shooting are displayed through the display, and voice playing and prompting can be performed when necessary. And then the user can conveniently know the shooting training result of the user in time in the shooting training process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a full-automatic intelligent target stand with a fool-proof function provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of module connection of a full-automatic intelligent target platform with foolproof function in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a gun stock mechanism and a shot sensing mechanism in embodiment 1 of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rotary sleeve and a rotary induction assembly at the bottom thereof in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a combined stock and gun rest according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view showing the structure of a butt stock mechanism including a lifting adjusting nut and a fixing nut according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a gun rest mechanism and a shot sensing mechanism in embodiment 3 of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a rotary sleeve and a rotary induction assembly at the bottom thereof according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of module connection of the fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function provided in embodiment 5 of the present invention;
reference numerals are as follows: 1. a machine platform; 2. a stock mechanism; 3. a display module; 4. a camera; 5. a controller; 6. an alarm; 7. a wireless data receiving module; 8. a firing sensor; 21. gunstock; 22. a gun rest; 23. a connecting assembly; 24. a base; 25. a contact sensor; 26. a tilt angle sensor; 27. an arc-shaped induction sheet; 28. a left limit sensor; 29. a right limit sensor; 201. a tension spring; 202. a limiting post; 210. a rotating shaft; 211. a torsion spring; 212. a sensor mounting groove; 221. installing a connector; 231. a connecting shaft; 232. rotating the sleeve; 233. a lifting sleeve; 234. a lifting adjusting nut; 235. fixing the thin nut; 241. a housing; 242. a base plate; 243. a fixed flange; 244. a ball bearing; 245. a first compression spring; 246. a second compression spring; 2331. pressing the limiting plate; 2332. an upper limiting plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Example 1
This embodiment provides a full-automatic intelligent target platform with prevent slow-witted function, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, this full-automatic intelligent target platform includes: the device comprises a machine table 1, a gunstock mechanism 2, a shooting sensing mechanism, a controller 5 and an alarm 6.
The gunstock mechanism 2 is installed on the machine platform 1, as shown in fig. 3, the gunstock mechanism 2 comprises a gunstock 21, a gunstock bracket 22, a connecting assembly 23 and a base 24; the stock 21 is rotatably connected in the stock frame 22, and a gap is formed between the stock 21 and the stock frame 22, so that the stock 21 can move in a pitching manner relative to the stock frame 22. The connection assembly 23 includes a connection shaft 231, a rotation sleeve 232, and a lifting sleeve 233. The upper end of the rotary sleeve 232 is fixedly connected with the gun bracket 22; the rotating sleeve 232 is sleeved outside the connecting shaft 231; the lifting sleeve 233 is sleeved outside the rotating sleeve 232. A lower press limiting plate 2331 extending outward is provided on the outer circumference of the bottom end of the elevating sleeve 233. The base 24 includes a bottom plate 242 and a case 241; the case 241 is a bottomless cylinder; the cover 241 is mounted on the base plate 242 and forms a cylindrical mounting space. A circular opening is arranged in the center of the top cover of the cover 241; the connection assembly 23 is protruded into the installation space along the circular opening, and the lower pressing limit plate 2331 of the lifting sleeve 233 is positioned in the installation space. The bottom end of the connecting shaft 231 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 242; the lower pressure limiting plate 2331 is connected to the lower surface of the top cover in the case 241 by an elastic member.
As shown in fig. 3, the shooting sensing mechanism is mounted on the stock mechanism 2; the shot sensing mechanism includes a tilt sensor 26, a rotation sensing member, and a contact sensor 25. A tilt sensor 26 is mounted on the bottom surface of the stock 21, and the tilt sensor 26 is used for sensing the pitch angle of the stock 21 relative to the gun rest 22. As shown in fig. 4, the rotation sensing assembly includes an arc sensing piece 27, a left limit sensor 28, and a right limit sensor 29. The arc induction sheet 27 is connected to the periphery of the bottom end of the rotary sleeve 232; the arc induction sheet 27 is concentric with the rotary sleeve 232, and the radian of the arc induction sheet 27 is equal to the maximum horizontal rotation angle allowed by the full-automatic intelligent target table. The left limit sensor 28 and the right limit sensor 29 are symmetrically installed on the bottom plate 242, and when the full-automatic intelligent target table is in an initial state, two ends of the arc-shaped sensing piece 27 are respectively in contact with the left limit sensor 28 and the right limit sensor 29. In this embodiment, the left limit sensor 28 and the right limit sensor 29 are both hall element based sensors, and the arc sensing piece 27 is a metal thin plate, which generates a different electrical signal when they are close to or completely separated from each other.
In addition, in other embodiments, other forms of structures or sensors may be used to achieve the same sensing effect. For example, the arc sensing piece 27 is designed to have a structure with a bending part bent downwards along the vertical direction, and the left limit sensor and the right limit sensor are designed to have a saddle shape with a radian, and during the use process, the bending part of the arc sensing piece 27 is clamped into a gap of the saddle shape and shuttles back and forth in the gap. In this configuration, condition sensing between the arcuate sensing tabs 27 and the limit sensors can be accomplished using capacitive, inductive or other types of electrical sensors.
In this embodiment, the contact sensor 25 is located right below the press restriction plate 2331; and so that the pressing restriction plate 2331 is close to but not in contact with the contact sensor 25 when the elastic member connected to the pressing restriction plate 2331 is in a natural state. Specifically, the elastic member in this embodiment is a round spring; and the contact sensor 25 may be a hall sensor or a pressure sensor, etc.
The controller 5 in this embodiment is configured to obtain detection signals of the tilt sensor, the left limit sensor 28, the right limit sensor 29, and the contact sensor 25, and make the following decisions:
(1) When the contact sensor 25 comes into contact with the lower press restriction plate 2331, it is judged that the shooting process is started, and a shooting start signal is issued.
(2) When the contact sensor 25 is disengaged from the lower press limit plate 2331, it is judged that the shooting process is ended, and a shooting end signal is issued.
(3) And when the pitching deflection angle detected by the tilt angle sensor is larger than a preset pitching limit, sending a pitching early warning signal.
(4) When the left limit sensor 28 and the right limit sensor 29 are both separated from the arc-shaped sensing piece, a rotation early warning signal is sent out.
The alarm 6 is electrically connected with the controller 5, and the alarm 6 is used for respectively giving out corresponding alarms when receiving pitching early warning signals or rotating early warning signals sent out by the controller 5 and receiving different signals.
The functions of the fully automatic intelligent target table in the embodiment are described in detail in the following with reference to the use process of the fully automatic intelligent target table: when a user uses the full-automatic intelligent target platform to carry out shooting training, when a gun is placed on the gun stock 21, the gun stock 21 is pressed to generate a downward pressing force, and meanwhile, the heights of the rotating sleeve 232 and the lifting sleeve 233 are slightly lowered. When the lifting sleeve 233 descends, the elastic member is stretched and presses the limiting plate 2331 down to contact the contact sensor 25 directly below. The controller 5, after receiving the detection signal from the touch sensor 25, determines that the user is preparing to shoot, and further sends a shooting start signal, at which time the relevant device starts to operate, in preparation for the shooting process of the user. Accordingly, when the user finishes shooting, the firearm is removed from the stock 21, the elastic member of the lifting sleeve 233 is retracted and reset, and the pressing limit plate 2331 is disengaged from the contact sensor 25 again; at this time, after receiving the corresponding detection signal of the contact sensor 25, the controller 5 determines that the current shooting process of the user has ended, and then sends a shooting end signal, and the relevant device switches the operation mode to the non-shooting mode. In other embodiments, an indication may also be sent to the user through a speaker to play voice or other reminding manner, so as to remind the user that the shooting preparation state is currently entered or the shooting process is finished.
During firing, as the user adjusts the pitch angle of the firearm by tilting up and down, the butt 21 will rotate about a horizontal axis relative to the gun carriage 22. During the rotation, the inclination angle sensor 26 monitors the change of the pitch angle of the gun stock 21 relative to the gun rest 22 in real time, and sends the monitoring result to the controller 5. After receiving the corresponding value of the pitch deflection angle, the controller 5 compares the pitch deflection angle with a preset value of a pitch limit, and when the pitch deflection angle reaches the value of the pitch limit, the controller 5 immediately sends a pitch early warning signal and sends a corresponding alarm to a user through the alarm 6. The alarm 6 in this embodiment is an audible and visual alarm 6 which alerts the user in the form of a ringing or stroboscopic sound. In this embodiment, the pitch yaw angle is a zero-degree direction with respect to the angle in the horizontal direction, the preset pitch limit implements a section including an upper limit and a lower limit, the controller 5 does not send the warning signal when the actually detected pitch yaw angle is within the angle range of the pitch limit, and the controller 5 sends the warning signal when the actually detected pitch yaw angle exceeds the threshold range of the pitch limit.
During the shooting process, the user can adjust the horizontal angle of the gun through left and right deflection. During horizontal deflection of the firearm, the butt 21, the gun support 22, and the rotary sleeve 232 fixedly connected to the gun support 22 rotate with the firearm, and the rotary sleeve 232 rotates, and the arc-shaped sensing piece 27 at the bottom end thereof also rotates. For example, when the gun is rotated to the left, the left limit sensor 28 and the right limit sensor 29 are both in sensing states with the arc-shaped sensing piece 27 in the initial state. In this embodiment, the rotation sensing signals of the left limit sensor 28 and the right limit sensor 29 can be defined by a two-bit binary number, the rotation sensing signal in the initial state is "11", the first number "1" indicates the sensing state of the left limit sensor 28, and the second number "1" indicates the sensing state of the right limit sensor 29. When the user turns the gun to the left, the right limit sensor 29 is first separated from the arc-shaped sensing piece 27, and the sensing signal of the right limit sensor 29 becomes "0", i.e., the rotation sensing signal is "10". As the user continues to rotate the firearm until the arc sensor also disengages from the left limit sensor 28, the rotation sensing signal of both becomes "00". At this time, the user is considered to have deflected leftward by an angle exceeding the horizontal deflection angle limit, and the controller 5 will send a rotation warning signal and send an alarm through the alarm 6. The sensing and warning process is similar to that described above when the user turns the firearm horizontally to the right. In summary, in the embodiment, when the gun is in the initial state, the rotation-induced signal is "11"; when horizontal angle deflection occurs, the rotation induction signal is changed into '10' or '01'; and when the user deflects to the left or to the right by an angle exceeding a limit, the rotation sensing signal becomes "00". Specifically, when the controller 5 detects that the rotation sensing signal changes to "00", it may further determine whether the current overrun deflection belongs to the left-turn overrun or the right-turn overrun by acquiring a signal before the signal "00". When the signal before the '00' signal is '10', the left-turn overrun is indicated; if the signal before the "00" signal is "01", it indicates that the right-turn is over-limit. The control unit 5 can thus also emit a corresponding deflection direction warning in a targeted manner via the alarm 6. By analyzing the above processes, it can be found that one core control factor for implementing the deflection angle early warning in the present embodiment is that the overall radian of the arc-shaped induction piece 27 is exactly equal to the maximum deflection angle of the gun deflected leftwards or rightwards; thereby causing the state of the rotation-inducing signal to become "00" when the firearm is deflected to a maximum deflection angle. In addition, in some embodiments, when the allowable limit angles of the gun in the left and right turns are not consistent, the length and the initial position of the arc-shaped sensing piece 27, and the positions of the left limit sensor 28 and the limit sensor can be adjusted for adaptation; so that when the gun rotates left or right beyond the limit, the arc inductor is just separated from the corresponding limit inductor.
Through the above description, it can be found that the full-automatic intelligent target platform provided by the embodiment can automatically detect the action of starting shooting or ending shooting by a user in the using process of the user; the gun angle detection device can detect the angle of the gun rotated left and right or adjusted in pitching by a user, and remind the user when the rotation angle of the gun exceeds the limit, so that operation faults or dangers caused by wrong shooting posture of the user are prevented. The good fool-proof effect is achieved, and the danger in the shooting process is reduced to a limited extent.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a gun bracket is provided in the gun carriage 22, and the cross section of the gun carriage 22 is n-shaped with an upward opening. The stock 21 is located in the gun bracket and is rotatably connected to the side walls of the stock slot on both sides by a rotary shaft 210. The extension direction of the rotating shaft 210 is along the horizontal direction, and a torsion spring 211 for realizing the reset of the butt 21 is arranged in the connecting shaft 231 between the butt bracket 22 and the butt 21. The bottom surface of stock 21 sets up inside sunken sensor mounting groove 212, and the inclination sensor is installed in sensor mounting groove 212. In this embodiment, a gun bracket 22 is disposed below the gun stock 21, so that the gun stock 21 can rotate in a pitching manner during use, and the gun bracket 22 is kept horizontal at all times, so that the assembly of the gun stock 21 can be kept stable, and the relative pitch angle change between the gun stock 21 and the gun bracket 22 can be measured conveniently. Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the torsion spring 211 is disposed between the butt 21 and the gun bracket 22, and when the user finishes the shooting action and does not apply any force to the gun and the butt 21 any more, the torsion spring 211 will return to the natural state, so as to reset the butt 21. In addition, the torsion spring 211 has a limit of deformation, so that when the deflection angle of the user pitch adjustment is too large, the acting force required by the user deflection can be increased, and the purpose of preventing the pitch adjustment from exceeding the limit can be achieved. In this embodiment, the design of sensor mounting groove 212 can hide and protect inclination sensor, avoids inclination sensor to influence detection accuracy or damage because of receiving the foreign matter interference.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the gun bracket 22 is provided with a mounting joint 221; the mounting adapter 221 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotary sleeve 232. The top of the rotating sleeve 232 is provided with a square connecting part, and the mounting joint 221 includes a connecting groove matching with the shape of the connecting part. After the installation, the rotating sleeve 232 is fixedly connected to the installation joint 221, and the bottom end of the installation joint 221 is abutted to the lifting sleeve 233.
In this embodiment, the gun carriage 22 is connected to the rotary sleeve 232 by a mounting adapter 221. Specifically, the coupling portion at the top of the rotating sleeve 232 is inserted into the coupling groove in the mounting adapter 221 during mounting. The side wall of the connecting groove of the mounting joint 221 is abutted against the lifting sleeve 233 sleeved outside the rotating sleeve 232. Thus, when the gun carriage 22 is forced down, the gun carriage 22 will have a slight downward movement as the rotating sleeve 232; at the same time, the side wall of the connecting slot also applies pressure to the lifting sleeve 233, so that the lifting sleeve 233 moves downwards, and the purpose of sensing the gun placed on the gun stock 21 by the contact sensor 25 is achieved.
In order to enrich the functions of the full-automatic intelligent target table in the embodiment, the intelligent machine table 1 in the embodiment is further provided with a camera 4, a wireless data receiving module 7 and a display module 3; the target area framed by the camera 4 includes the position of the stock 21 and its peripheral area; the camera 4 is electrically connected with the controller 5, and shoots the target area when receiving a shooting start signal sent by the controller 5, and ends the shooting process of the target area when receiving a shooting end signal sent by the controller 5. The wireless data receiving module is used for receiving the number of targets of the current shooting action obtained by a shooting target number obtaining module. The display module 3 is electrically connected with the controller 5 and is used for displaying the shooting times, the continuous shooting number, the shooting target number, the shooting start signal, the shooting end signal, the pitching early warning signal and the rotation early warning signal which are acquired in the shooting process.
The camera 4 in this embodiment is used for storing the image data of the shooting training of the shooter, so as to remotely monitor, analyze and guide the shooting action of the shooter. The display module 3 can actually display each recorded shooting action of the shooter in the shooting training process and the result thereof. The user can conveniently and timely know the result of the shooting training after finishing the shooting training. In this embodiment, the number of targets shot by the user is determined by a sensor or an image analysis module installed near the targets, and the result is transmitted to the controller 5 of the fully automatic intelligent target stand by a wireless data transmission module. The controller 5 can timely acquire the shooting result and display the shooting result on the display module 3.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a full-automatic intelligent target platform with prevent slow-witted function, and the difference that this full-automatic intelligent target platform compares with embodiment 1 lies in: in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the height of the rotating sleeve 232 is greater than that of the lifting sleeve 233; the upper sections of the rotating sleeve 232 and the lifting sleeve 233 each comprise a threaded section comprising external threads; a fixed thin nut 235 is sleeved on the threaded section of the rotary sleeve 232; a lifting adjusting nut 234 is sleeved on the threaded section of the lifting sleeve 233.
In this embodiment, the rotary sleeve 232 and the gun carriage 22 are fixedly attached; and the rotary sleeve 232 is fitted over the outside of the connecting shaft 231 fixedly connected to the base plate 242. Thus, by applying an upward force to the gun carriage 22, the vertical height of the gun carriage 22 can be raised, and by removing the corresponding force, the combination of the gun carriage 22 and the rotating sleeve 232 can be allowed to naturally descend under the force of gravity. Based on the structural design of the lifting adjusting nut 234 and the fixing thin nut 235 in this embodiment, when the vertical height of the butt 21 needs to be raised, the lifting nut can be turned to raise the butt; because the height of the lift sleeve 233 is relatively constant, the height of the lift sleeve 233 and lift nut combination is increased, and the lift nut pushes against the retaining nut 235 to apply an upward force to the gun carrier 22. In fact, when only one lift adjustment nut 234 is used, the fixed thin nut 235 is not used; the elevation adjustment nut 234 will abut directly against the mounting head 221 at the bottom of the gun rest 22, and can also provide the same rotation adjustment effect. However, with the addition of the thin retaining nut 235, the height of the gun rest 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the thin retaining nut 235 in the reverse direction. In addition, the thread inside the elevation adjustment nut 234 is designed to be two-step, and is connected between the rotation sleeve 232 and the elevation sleeve 233; the retaining nut 235 also provides a double nut locking effect with the lift adjustment nut 234 to prevent the gun carriage 22 from loosening during use. The height of the stock 21 is adjusted, and the position of the stock mechanism 2 in each height state is locked, so that the structural stability of the stock 21 in the use process is maintained.
Example 3
This embodiment provides a full-automatic intelligent target platform with prevent slow-witted function, and the difference that this full-automatic intelligent target platform compares with embodiment 2 lies in: in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, an upper limiting plate 2332 is further disposed on the outer circumference of the upper section of the lifting sleeve 233; the upper limiting plate 2332 is located above the top cover of the case 241. The first compression spring 245 and the second compression spring 246 are sleeved outside the lifting sleeve 233, and the outer diameters of the first compression spring 245 and the second compression spring 246 are larger than the diameter of the opening on the cover 241. The first compression spring 245 is located between the upper limiting plate 2332 and the top cover; the second compression spring 246 is located between the lower press restriction plate 2331 and the top cover; the second compression spring 246 is an elastic member connecting the lower limit plate and the top cover as described above. And the lower pressing restriction plate 2331 is disengaged from the contact sensor 25 when the first and second compression springs 245 and 246 are in a natural state.
This embodiment further adds a first compression spring 245 to embodiment 2 (the elastic member in embodiment 1 corresponds to the second compression spring 246 in this embodiment). Through the structural design of double springs, the upward or downward movement trend of the lifting sleeve 233 is inhibited, so that the gun stock mechanism 2 is ensured to be kept stable in the using process, and the interference of the shaking of the gun stock mechanism 2 to the shooting precision of a user is avoided.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate installation of the first compression spring 245 and the second compression spring 246, a fixing flange 243 is installed at the opening of the housing 241, and grooves for installing the compression springs are formed at upper and lower sides of the fixing flange 243.
Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the lifting sleeve 233 can rotate along with the rotating sleeve 232, in this embodiment, a ball bearing is further disposed in the fixed flange 243, an outer ring of the ball bearing 244 is connected to the fixed flange 243, and an inner ring of the ball bearing 244 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lifting sleeve 233.
In addition, in other embodiments of the present invention, the fixing flange 243, the ball bearing 244, the first compression spring 245, and the second compression spring 246 in the present embodiment are installed. The functions of the lifting sleeve 233 and the rotating sleeve 232 in this embodiment can also be realized by one sleeve, which is defined as a moving sleeve, the moving sleeve is sleeved on the connecting shaft 231, the upper limiting plate 2332 and the lower limiting plate 2331 are arranged outside the moving sleeve, and are elastically connected with the fixing flange 243 and the ball bearing 244 through the first compression spring 245 and the second compression spring 246, and the top of the moving sleeve is fixedly connected with the gun bracket 22. When a user is to prevent the firearm from resting on the butt 21, the butt 21 is forced down, the first compression spring 245 and the second compression spring 246 are forced to deform, and the contact sensor 25 is caused to contact the hold-down.
Meanwhile, the arc-shaped induction sheet 27 is arranged on the periphery of the moving sleeve, when the gun head horizontally rotates, the arc-shaped induction sheet 27 rotates along with the moving sleeve, and the arc-shaped induction sheet 27, the left limit inductor 28 and the right limit inductor 29 jointly play a role in inducing the rotation angle of the gun stock 21. Since the ball bearing 244 is used in this embodiment, the rotation process of the moving sleeve is very smooth and will not be affected by the fixing flange 243. The ball bearings themselves also serve to limit the lateral displacement of the motion bearing.
It is particularly emphasized that the first compression spring 245 and the second compression spring 246 of the present embodiment also have the effect of absorbing the impact effect of recoil during firing of the firearm.
Example 4
This embodiment provides a full-automatic intelligent target platform with prevent slow-witted function, and this full-automatic intelligent target platform compares with embodiment 3, and the difference lies in: in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, two ends of the arc-shaped sensing piece 27 are respectively elastically connected with the inner wall of the housing 241 through a tension spring 201; when the tension spring 201 is in a natural state, the arc sensing piece 27 is positioned symmetrically with respect to the axis of the shooting direction, and the butt stock 21 assembly is in an initial position at a horizontal rotation angle.
After using the tension spring 201, when the user rotates the stock 21 left and right, the arc sensing piece 27 is under the tension of the tension spring 201. When the user no longer applies force to the firearm and butt 21, the tension spring 201 returns to its natural state, resetting the horizontal deflection of butt 21 and rotary sleeve 232. Meanwhile, the tension spring 201 can apply acting force to the arc-shaped induction piece 27, so that the excessive deflection angle when a user rotates the gun stock 21 is avoided.
In addition, in this embodiment, the top surface of the bottom plate 242 is provided with a position-limiting post 202, the position-limiting post 202 is located on the other side opposite to the arc-shaped sensing piece 27, and when the rotating sleeve 232 rotates leftwards or rightwards to the maximum allowed horizontal rotation angle, the left end or the right end of the arc-shaped sensing piece 27 abuts against the position-limiting post 202 respectively.
In this embodiment, the limiting column 202 can prevent the user from being injured by other objects or people due to miss caused by an excessively large deflection angle when the gun is horizontally rotated by the user, the voice alarm is further supplemented by the limiting column 202, the user does not receive a corresponding alarm in time, and the horizontal rotation angle of the gun stock 21 can be limited by the limiting column 202. Thereby eliminating the harm brought by misoperation of the user.
In other embodiments, of course, the corresponding limiting column 202 may also be designed at a suitable position in the gap between the gun stock 21 and the gun bracket 22, so as to ensure that when the pitch rotation angle of the gun stock 21 relative to the gun bracket 22 exceeds the limit, the rotation angle of the gun stock 21 is obstructed by the corresponding limiting column 202, and further improve the safety and the fool-proof effect of the device.
Example 5
This embodiment provides a full-automatic intelligent target platform with prevent slow-witted function, and the difference that this full-automatic intelligent target platform compares with embodiment 1 lies in: in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the full-automatic intelligent target table further includes a firing sensor 8, and the firing sensor 8 is configured to acquire a detection signal of each firing motion of the gun; the firing sensor 8 is electrically connected with the controller 5, and the controller 5 counts the number of times of the fire and the number of continuous hits by acquiring the number of detection signals and the occurrence time of the firing sensor 8 after judging that the shooting process starts; when the trigger sensor 8 acquires a trigger signal every time, the user is judged to finish a shooting action, and when the interval time of the two shooting actions is judged to be less than a preset time threshold value, the user is judged to finish a continuous shooting action.
Specifically, the firing sensor 8 in this embodiment may be a sound sensor, which is installed at a position close to the stock mechanism 2, and when the user pulls the trigger, the gunshot sounds, and the sound sensor records a sound signal, the controller 5 determines that the user has completed a shot. In addition, when the sensor continuously detects the sound signal of the shot in a short time, it is judged that the user has completed one continuous shot.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a full-automatic intelligent target platform with prevent slow-witted function which characterized in that: full-automatic intelligent target platform includes:
a machine platform;
the gun stock mechanism is arranged on the machine platform and comprises a gun stock, a gun bracket, a connecting assembly and a base; the gun stock is rotatably connected in the gun bracket, a gap is formed between the gun stock and the gun bracket, and the gun stock can perform pitching motion relative to the gun bracket; the connecting assembly comprises a connecting shaft, a rotating sleeve and a lifting sleeve; the upper end of the rotary sleeve is fixedly connected with the gun bracket; the rotary sleeve is sleeved outside the connecting shaft; the lifting sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating sleeve; a downward pressing limiting plate extending outwards is arranged on the periphery of the bottom end of the lifting sleeve; the base comprises a bottom plate and a cover shell; the housing is in a bottomless cylinder shape; the cover shell is arranged on the bottom plate and forms a cylindrical installation space; a circular opening is formed in the center of a top cover of the housing; the connecting assembly extends into the mounting space along the circular opening, and the downward pressing limiting plate of the lifting sleeve is positioned in the mounting space; the bottom end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom plate; the lower pressing limit plate is connected with the lower surface of the top cover in the housing through an elastic piece;
the shooting sensing mechanism is arranged on the gunstock mechanism; the shooting induction mechanism comprises an inclination angle inductor, a rotation induction component and a contact inductor; the inclination angle sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of the gun stock and is used for sensing the pitching deflection angle of the gun stock relative to the gun bracket; the rotation sensing assembly comprises an arc sensing piece, a left limit sensor and a right limit sensor; the arc-shaped induction sheet is connected to the periphery of the bottom end of the rotary sleeve; the arc induction sheet is concentric with the rotary sleeve, and the radian of the arc induction sheet is equal to the maximum horizontal rotation angle allowed by the full-automatic intelligent target table; the left limit inductor and the right limit inductor are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate, and when the full-automatic intelligent target table is in an initial state, two ends of the arc-shaped induction sheet are respectively contacted with the left limit inductor and the right limit inductor; the contact inductor is positioned right below the lower pressing limiting plate; when the elastic piece connected to the lower pressing limit plate is in a natural state, the lower pressing limit plate is close to the contact inductor but not in contact with the contact inductor;
the controller is used for acquiring detection signals of the inclination angle sensor, the left limit sensor, the right limit sensor and the contact sensor and making the following decisions:
(1) When the contact sensor is in contact with the lower pressing limiting plate, judging that a shooting process starts, and sending a shooting start signal;
(2) When the contact sensor is separated from the lower pressing limiting plate, judging that the shooting process is finished, and sending a shooting end signal;
(3) When the pitch deflection angle detected by the tilt sensor is larger than a preset pitch limit, sending a pitch early warning signal;
(4) When the left limit inductor and the right limit inductor are separated from the arc-shaped induction sheet, a rotation early warning signal is sent out; and
and the alarm is electrically connected with the controller and is used for receiving the pitching early warning signal or the rotating early warning signal and respectively sending out corresponding alarms when receiving different signals.
2. The fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a gun bracket is arranged in the gun bracket, and the cross section of the gun bracket is n-shaped with an upward opening; the gun stock is positioned in the gun stock groove and is rotatably connected with the side walls of the two sides of the gun stock groove through a rotating shaft; the extension direction of the rotating shaft is along the horizontal direction; the rotating shaft is provided with a torsional spring for realizing gun stock reset, and the torsional spring is positioned between the gun bracket and the gun stock; the bottom surface of stock sets up inside sunken sensor mounting groove, the inclination inductor is installed in the sensor mounting groove.
3. The fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the gun bracket is provided with a mounting joint; the mounting joint is fixedly connected with the top of the rotating sleeve; the top of the rotary sleeve is provided with a square connecting part, and the mounting joint comprises a connecting groove matched with the connecting part in shape.
4. The fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function as recited in claim 3, characterized in that: the height of the rotating sleeve is greater than that of the lifting sleeve; the upper sections of the rotating sleeve and the lifting sleeve respectively comprise a threaded section containing external threads; a fixed thin nut is sleeved on the threaded section of the rotary sleeve; and a lifting adjusting nut is sleeved on the threaded section of the lifting sleeve.
5. The fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function as recited in claim 3, characterized in that: the periphery of the upper section of the lifting sleeve is also provided with an upper limiting plate, and the upper limiting plate is positioned above the top cover of the housing; a first compression spring and a second compression spring are sleeved outside the lifting sleeve, and the outer diameters of the first compression spring and the second compression spring are larger than the diameter of an opening in the housing; the first compression spring is positioned between the upper limiting plate and the top cover; the second compression spring is positioned between the lower pressing limiting plate and the top cover; and when the first compression spring and the second compression spring are in a natural state, the pressing limiting plate is separated from the contact inductor.
6. The fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the rotating sleeve and the lifting sleeve are replaced by a moving sleeve sleeved outside the connecting shaft; the upper end of the moving sleeve is fixedly connected with the gun bracket; the bottom end of the motion sleeve is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped induction sheet; the peripheries of the upper end and the lower end of the motion sleeve are respectively provided with the upper limiting plate and the lower pressing limiting plate; a fixed flange is arranged at an opening of the housing, ball bearings are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the fixed flange, an outer ring of each ball bearing is connected with the fixed flange, and an inner ring of each ball bearing is sleeved on the periphery of the moving sleeve; the first compression spring is arranged between the upper limiting plate and the ball bearing above the fixed flange; and a second compression spring is arranged between the pressing limiting plate and the ball bearing below the fixed flange.
7. The fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: two ends of the arc-shaped induction sheet are respectively elastically connected with the inner wall of the housing or a connecting column arranged on the bottom plate through a tension spring; when the extension spring is in natural state, the position of arc response piece is symmetrical relative to the axis of shooting direction to make the stock is in the initial position on the horizontal rotation angle.
8. The fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function as recited in claim 7, wherein: the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with a limiting column, the limiting column is positioned on the other side back to the arc-shaped induction sheet, and when the rotary sleeve rotates leftwards or rightwards to the maximum allowable horizontal rotation angle, the left end or the right end of the arc-shaped induction sheet is respectively abutted against the limiting column.
9. The fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the full-automatic intelligent target table also comprises a firing sensor, and the firing sensor is used for acquiring a detection signal of each firing action of the gun; the firing sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller counts the number of times of shooting and the number of continuous shooting by acquiring the number of detection signals and the occurrence time of the firing sensor after judging the start of the shooting process; and when the triggering sensor acquires a triggering signal every time, judging that the user completes one shooting action, and when the interval time between two shooting actions is judged to be less than a preset time threshold value, judging that the user completes one continuous shooting action.
10. The fully automatic intelligent target stand with fool-proof function as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the machine table is also provided with a camera, a wireless data receiving module and a display module; the target area of the camera view comprises the position of the gun stock and the peripheral area thereof; the camera is electrically connected with the controller, shoots the target area when receiving the shooting start signal sent by the controller, and finishes the shooting process of the target area when receiving the shooting end signal sent by the controller; the wireless data receiving module is used for receiving the number of targets of the current shooting action obtained by a shooting target number obtaining module; the display module with the controller electricity is connected, and is used for showing shooting number of times, continuous shooting number, shooting target number, shooting start signal, shooting end signal, every single move early warning signal and the rotatory early warning signal that the shooting in-process obtained.
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