CN113586432A - Technical scheme for prolonging service life of lubricating oil of drilling pump - Google Patents

Technical scheme for prolonging service life of lubricating oil of drilling pump Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113586432A
CN113586432A CN202111103647.3A CN202111103647A CN113586432A CN 113586432 A CN113586432 A CN 113586432A CN 202111103647 A CN202111103647 A CN 202111103647A CN 113586432 A CN113586432 A CN 113586432A
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lubricating oil
oil
pump
drilling pump
pipe
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黄秀芳
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/18Lubricating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/08Cooling; Heating; Preventing freezing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a technical scheme for prolonging the service life of lubricating oil by a drilling pump, which relates to the field of petroleum engineering equipment, and particularly comprises a power end part of the drilling pump, a base oil tank, a gear guard lubricating oil reflux device, a moisture absorption air filter, a lubricating oil output oil pipe, a lubricating oil filtering, pressurizing and heat exchanging device, a compressor refrigerating device, an ice water output pipe, a heat absorption water reflux pipe, an oil absorption pipe part and a frame lubricating oil reflux device, wherein the highest standard of the service temperature of the lubricating oil is reduced to 40 ℃, 34 ℃ lower than the highest service temperature standard of the lubricating oil 74 ℃ specified by a W2200hp drilling pump of America Cameron company, 50 ℃ lower than the highest standard of the lubricating oil temperature specified by the national standard of the China drilling pump, splashing lubrication is cancelled, all forced lubrication is adopted, the lubricating oil entering a friction pair must be filtered firstly, 10 to 12 moisture absorption air filters are used, and the like, the running cost of the lubricating oil in the running-in period of the drilling pump is reduced by 95 percent, and the running cost of the lubricating oil in the non-running-in period of the drilling pump is reduced by 80 percent.

Description

Technical scheme for prolonging service life of lubricating oil of drilling pump
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum engineering equipment, in particular to a technical scheme for prolonging the service life of lubricating oil by a drilling pump.
Background
The bore hole pump was invented in 1901 in the united states, and by the 70's last century, the united states developed bore hole pump technology to a very high level at that time, which now dominates bore hole pumps, to a certain extent, the development history of the united states bore hole pump represents the development history of the bore hole pump in the world, and the bore hole pump technology in all countries in the world was introduced from the united states, and not exception in china, and the bore hole pump in china is also dominated. In order to exceed the technology of the American well pump, the technology of the American well pump is analyzed, the essence is extracted, the dregs are removed, and then the technology of the American well pump can exceed the United states, taking the W2200hp (with the power of 2200 hp) well pump with the continuous operation performance of the W series of the cameron company which is one brand of the American well pump as an example, the price of the well pump with the specification is 3 times that of the well pump with the same specification in China, the 2400hp well pump is developed in China at present, and the W2200hp well pump is required to be exceeded in all aspects, and the invention exceeds the aspect of prolonging the service time of lubricating oil. The service time of the lubricating oil in the first break-in period of the W2200hp well pump of American cameron company is 250 hours, the service time of the lubricating oil in the break-in period is 1000 hours, the quantity of the lubricating oil required to be added each time is 799 liters, the lubricating oil used in the United states is American lubricating oil, the most used in the United states is Mobil lubricating oil, the average price of Mobil lubricating oil sold in China is 100 RMB per liter, and the running cost is calculated according to the requirement: the cost of the lubricating oil per hour in the running-in period is 319.6 yuan, the cost of the operating lubricating oil after the running-in period is 79.9 yuan per hour, the operating cost of the visible lubricating oil is very high, the 2400hp novel well drilling pump developed in China has 200hp more power than the W2200hp of the American cameron company, the higher the power is, the more the quantity of the consumed lubricating oil is, if the use time requirement of the lubricating oil of the W2200hp of the American cameron company is met, the use cost of the 2400hp novel well drilling pump lubricating oil is higher, therefore, the technical scheme of prolonging the use time of the lubricating oil by the well drilling pump can not only reduce the use cost of the lubricating oil, but also can increase the brightness for the Chinese manufacture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a technical scheme for prolonging the service life of lubricating oil of a drilling pump.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
firstly, the use temperature of the lubricating oil is reduced, which is the first choice, because the temperature has great influence on the service life of the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is in a high-temperature environment for a long time, and has the following adverse effects: the 1 st effect is that the higher the temperature of the lubricating oil, the more metal abrasive particles there are in the lubricating oil. The logic relationship is that the viscosity of the lubricating oil is based on 40 ℃, the viscosity value of the lubricating oil is reduced due to the increase of the temperature of the lubricating oil, the characteristic coefficient of the bearing is increased due to the reduction of the viscosity value of the lubricating oil, the friction coefficient of the bearing is increased due to the increase of the characteristic coefficient of the bearing, the thickness of the oil film of the lubricating oil is reduced due to the increase of the friction coefficient of the bearing, the dry friction of the surface of the bearing is caused due to the reduction of the thickness of the oil film of the lubricating oil, the metal abrasive particles are generated on the metal surface of the bearing in the lubricating oil due to the dry friction of the surface of the bearing, and therefore the service life of the lubricating oil is shortened.
Taking the American Mobil SHC632 specification lubricating oil as an example, the lubricating oil viscosity value reduction data corresponding to the temperature rise of the Mobil SHC632 specification lubricating oil is shown in the following table
Temperature/. degree.C 40 50 55.8 60 70 74 82 90 100
Viscosity/centistokes 320 204 460 136 94 80 68 50 38.5
Percentage/% viscosity of 40 ℃% 100 64 50 43 29 26 21 16 12
From the data of the decrease in the viscosity value of the lubricating oil corresponding to the increase in the temperature of the lubricating oil, it can be seen that the viscosity value of the lubricating oil decreases by 50% when the temperature of the lubricating oil increases to 55.8 ℃. The service temperature of the lubricating oil specified by the U.S. cameron W2200hp bore pump is then somewhat acceptable at 74 ℃ and a viscosity value of only 26% of the viscosity value at 40 ℃.
The national standard of the Chinese well drilling pump, GB/T32338 well drilling pump and workover rig well drilling pump, item 4.7.1, the temperature of the lubricating oil is specified as follows: when the drilling pump is in a stable operation state, the temperature rise of the outer sides of an oil pool at a power end and a bearing end cover is not more than 60 ℃, and the highest stability of the outer sides of the oil pool and the bearing end cover is not more than 90 ℃. The temperature of the oil pool of the lubricating oil is 90 ℃, the temperature of the lubricating oil is certainly not lower than 90 ℃, the viscosity value is only 16 percent of that of 40 ℃, the service temperature of the lubricating oil is higher than 74 ℃ specified by a W2200hp well pump of America cameron company, and the service life of the lubricating oil is shorter.
The 2 nd influence is that the lubricating oil is easy to oxidize and lose efficacy at high temperature, and the phenomena of blackening and thickening appear; the 3 rd effect is that at high temperatures of the lubricating oil, the corrosives inside the lubricating oil increase; the 4 th effect is an increase in the amount of substances such as carbon deposits, sludge, varnish and the like in the lubricating oil.
Secondly, the lubricating oil entering the friction pair must be filtered, the friction pair of the W2200hp well drilling pump of American cameron company for stirring the lubricating oil is cancelled comprises a gear friction pair for driving a pinion to be meshed with a crankshaft bull gear, a rolling bearing friction pair between a pinion shaft and a rack, a rolling bearing friction pair between the crankshaft and the rack, a bearing friction pair between the crankshaft and a connecting rod big end, a bearing friction pair between a connecting rod small end and a crosshead pin, and a sliding bearing friction pair between a crosshead and the rack, wherein the friction pairs are lubricated by the lubricating oil in two modes of splash lubrication and forced lubrication, wherein the splash lubrication is the main lubrication mode. The oil tank, the crankshaft, the connecting rod, the gear, the crosshead and the bearing of the W2200hp well drilling pump of America cameron company are all in a closed type frame box body, in the closed type box body, the gear friction pair soaked in an oil pool, the rolling bearing friction pair between the crankshaft and the frame and the bearing friction pair between the crankshaft and the big end of the connecting rod continuously stir lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil continuously splashes on the friction surfaces of the rolling bearing friction pair between the pinion shaft and the frame, the bearing friction pair between the small end of the connecting rod and the crosshead pin and the sliding bearing friction pair between the crosshead and the frame, the lubricating oil is not filtered, metal abrasive particles in the lubricating oil, corrosive substances in the lubricating oil, carbon deposit, oil sludge, paint film and other substances in the lubricating oil directly enter the friction pairs, the abrasion between metals of the friction pairs is inevitably accelerated, and more metal abrasive particles generated on the metal surface fall into the lubricating oil, the service life of the lubricating oil is reduced. Another aspect is that the parts immersed in the oil bath agitate the lubricating oil at a high frequency, which inevitably generates agitation resistance, the higher the agitation frequency, the higher the agitation resistance, the higher the oxidation rate of the lubricating oil, and the shorter the service life of the lubricating oil.
And thirdly, the oil tank is communicated with the atmosphere in order to prevent negative pressure from being generated in the oil tank, but dust and moisture exist in the atmosphere, so that the structure for communicating the oil tank with the atmosphere is selected to meet the requirements of air ventilation, and the structure also has the functions of filtering water and dust.
Fourthly, selecting lubricating oil with high lubricating oil viscosity, wherein the W2200hp well pump of American Camera company in America has the requirements on the lubricating oil viscosity that the temperature is more than 10 ℃ and can be 68 centistokes or 320 centistokes, the highest specification is 460 centistokes, the China well pump has the requirements on the lubricating oil viscosity that the ambient temperature is more than-1 ℃, can be 150 centistokes or 220 centistokes, the highest specification is 320 centistokes, more specifications are selected, users of the well pump need lubricating oil with various specifications, the reserve of the lubricating oil specification is increased, more importantly, the selection of the viscosity value of the lubricating oil is low, the characteristic coefficient of the bearing is increased, the friction coefficient of the bearing is increased, the thickness of a lubricating oil film is reduced, the dry friction of the bearing surface is caused, the metal abrasive particles are generated on the metal surface of the bearing in the lubricating oil, and thus the shorter the life of the lubricating oil.
And fifthly, the quality of the lubricating oil is reliable, and the lubricating oil with low quality cannot be selected, so that the following results can be obtained due to the low quality of the lubricating oil:
1. lubricating oils with low additive failure quality suffer performance degradation due to the failure or exhaustion of the additives therein. For example, wear resistance is reduced when the antiwear agent in the lubricating oil is used up. 2. The viscosity index improver in the lubricating oil with low quality fails because the long chains of organic molecules are broken, and the viscosity index improver does not have a tackifying effect any more. 3. The base oil failure base oil is a carrier for the additive, and the additive will not function if the base oil fails.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drilling pump for prolonging the service life of lubricating oil
The reference numbers are as follows:
the system comprises a drilling pump power end part 1, a base oil tank 2, a gear guard lubricating oil reflux device 3, a moisture absorption air filter 4, a lubricating oil output oil pipe 5, a lubricating oil filtering, pressurizing and heat exchanging device 6, a compressor refrigerating device 7, an ice water output pipe 8, a heat absorption water reflux pipe 9, an oil absorption pipe component 10 and a frame lubricating oil reflux device 11.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples, and various changes made without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the technical solution for prolonging the service life of the lubricant for the borehole pump of this embodiment includes a power end portion 1 of the borehole pump, a base oil tank 2, a gear guard lubricant backflow device 3, a moisture absorption air filter 4, a lubricant output oil pipe 5, a lubricant filtering, pressurizing and heat exchanging device 6, a compressor refrigeration device 7, an ice water output pipe 8, a heat absorption water backflow pipe 9, an oil suction pipe component 10, and a frame lubricant backflow device 11.
Referring to fig. 1, after implementing the measures of reducing the maximum use temperature of the drilling pump lubricant to 40 ℃, 34 ℃ lower than the maximum use temperature standard 74 ℃ of the lubricant specified by the W2200hp drilling pump of the american cameron company, 50 ℃ lower than the maximum use temperature standard 90 ℃ of the lubricant specified by the national standard of the chinese drilling pump, and 40 ℃ lower than the maximum use temperature standard of the lubricant, the following advantages are achieved: the 1 st advantage is that the temperature of the lubricating oil is low, the viscosity value of the lubricating oil is high, the coefficient of performance of the bearing is small, the thickness of the lubricating oil film is increased when the coefficient of performance of the bearing is small, the surface of the bearing is completely separated by the oil film when the thickness of the lubricating oil film is increased, the surface of the bearing is not in direct contact with the surface of the bearing, metal abrasive particles cannot be generated, metal abrasive particles cannot exist in the lubricating oil, and therefore the service life of the lubricating oil is long.
The 2 nd advantage is that the lubricating oil is not easy to oxidize and lose efficacy at low temperature, and the lubricating oil is not easy to turn black and thicken; the 3 rd advantage is that the corrosion inside the lubricating oil is reduced at low temperature; the 4 th advantage is that the lubricating oil has reduced substances such as carbon deposit, sludge, varnish and the like.
The measures for ensuring that the highest standard of the use temperature of the lubricating oil is reduced to 40 ℃ are multiple, the measures of the invention are that a compressor refrigerating device 7 is adopted, ice water with the temperature of 7 ℃ is input into a lubricating oil filtering and pressurizing and heat exchanging device 6 through an ice water output pipe 8, the frictional heat of a drilling pump is completely absorbed, then the ice water returns to the compressor refrigerating device 7 through a heat absorption water return pipe 9, the temperature of high-temperature water is reduced to 7 ℃, the frictional heat is absorbed, and the highest standard of the use temperature of the lubricating oil can be reduced to 40 ℃ through the circulation and reciprocation.
Referring to fig. 1, implementing the second technical measure, the interior of the power end part 1 of the drilling pump is not provided with a lubricating oil tank, the interior of the power end part 1 of the drilling pump is changed into a base oil tank 2, the splash lubrication of the drilling pump is cancelled, all the lubricating oil is forced lubrication, the lubricating oil entering a friction pair is firstly filtered, the base oil tank 2 is separated from the power end part 1 of the drilling pump, the lubricating oil lubricates all the friction pairs in the power end part 1 of the drilling pump, and then flows back into the base oil tank 2 through 2 gear guard lubricating oil backflow devices 3 and 3 frame lubricating oil backflow devices 11, the lubricating oil in the base oil tank 2 enters a lubricating oil filtering pressurization and heat exchange device 6 through an oil suction pipe part 10, and substances such as corrosive substances, carbon deposit, oil sludge, paint films and the like which are possibly generated in the lubricating oil are filtered out, and then enters each friction pair in the power end part 1 of the drilling pump through 2 lubricating oil output pipes 5, so that the technical measure is circulated and reciprocated, compared with a W2200hp drill pump lubrication system of cameron company, the lubricating oil tank is arranged in the base, the stirring and splashing lubrication of the lubricating oil are eliminated, the forced lubrication is realized, and the lubricating oil entering a friction pair is filtered firstly, so the service life of the lubricating oil is prolonged.
Referring to fig. 1, the power end part 1 of the drill pump and the base oil tank 2 adopt 10 to 12 moisture absorption air filters 4, negative pressure is prevented from being generated in the base oil tank 2 and the power end part 1 of the drill pump, the negative pressure is communicated with the atmosphere, and the functions of filtering water and dust are achieved, so that the cleanness and the sanitation of lubricating oil are guaranteed.
And step four, uniformly selecting the viscosity value of the lubricating oil to be 680 centistokes specification by the drilling pump. The lubricating oil has the advantages that the lubricating oil of various specifications required by a drilling pump using unit is reduced, the use cost of the lubricating oil is increased, the viscosity value of the lubricating oil is mainly increased, the viscosity value of the lubricating oil is high, the characteristic coefficient of the bearing is small, the friction coefficient of the bearing is small, the thickness of a lubricating oil film is increased when the friction coefficient of the bearing is small, the surface of the lubricating oil film is completely separated by the oil film when the thickness of the lubricating oil film is increased, the surface of the bearing cannot be in direct contact with the surface of the bearing, metal abrasive particles cannot be generated, and the lubricating oil cannot contain metal abrasive particles, so the service life of the lubricating oil is long.
And fifthly, selecting the lubricating oil with good quality by the drilling pump, and rejecting the lubricating oil with poor quality. The lubricating oil with good quality has the following advantages:
1. the additive is not easy to lose efficacy; 2. The viscosity index improver in the lubricating oil is not easy to lose efficacy; 3. The base oil is not easily deactivated, and because the base oil is a carrier for the additive, the additive will function if the base oil is not deactivated.
Through the above five technical schemes for prolonging the service life of the lubricating oil, the service life of the lubricating oil is more than 5000 hours no matter in the running-in period or the non-running-in period of the well pump, compared with a W2200 well pump of America, the service life of the lubricating oil of the W2200 well pump in the first running-in period is 250 hours, the service life of the lubricating oil after the running-in period is 1000 hours, the quantity of the lubricating oil added each time is required to be 799 liters, the lubricating oil is American lubricating oil, the most American lubricating oil is Mobil lubricating oil, the average price of the Mobil lubricating oil sold in China is 100 RMB/L, and the operation cost is calculated according to the requirement: the lubricating oil cost per hour of the running-in period is 319.6 yuan, the operating lubricating oil cost after the running-in period is 79.9 yuan per hour, the power of the 2400hp novel well drilling pump developed by China is 200hp more than that of W2200hp of America cameron company, the power is larger, the consumed lubricating oil quantity is larger, but according to the technical scheme of the invention, the lubricating oil quantity can only be reduced and cannot be increased, if the same quantity and the same quality lubricating oil specification of W2200hp of America cameron company are adopted, the operating cost of the lubricating oil per hour is only 15.98 yuan, and the operating cost of the lubricating oil is reduced by 95% and is reduced by 80% compared with that of the non-running-in period of the W2200hp of America cameron company.
The above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and these changes are within the protection of the present invention and also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The technical scheme is characterized in that a power end part (1) of the drilling pump, a base oil tank (2), a gear shield lubricating oil reflux device (3), a moisture absorption air filter (4), a lubricating oil output oil pipe (5), a lubricating oil filtering, pressurizing and heat exchanging device (6), a compressor refrigerating device (7), an ice water output pipe (8), a heat absorption water reflux pipe (9), an oil absorption pipe component (10) and a rack lubricating oil reflux device (11).
2. The technical scheme for prolonging the service life of the lubricating oil of the drill pump according to claim 1 is that the highest standard of the service temperature of the lubricating oil of the drill pump is reduced to 40 ℃, 34 ℃ lower than the highest service temperature standard 74 ℃ of the lubricating oil specified by the W2200hp drill pump of America Cameron company, 50 ℃ lower than the highest standard of the temperature of the lubricating oil specified by the national standard of China drill pump, and one of the guarantee measures is to use a compressor to cool the device (7).
3. The technical scheme for prolonging the service life of the lubricating oil of the drill pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power end part (1) of the drill pump is not provided with a lubricating oil tank and is changed into a base oil tank (2), the splash lubrication of the drill pump is cancelled, all the lubricating oil is forced lubrication, and the lubricating oil entering a friction pair must be filtered firstly.
4. The technical scheme of prolonging the service life of the lubricating oil of the drill pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein 10 to 12 moisture absorption air filters (4) are used for the power end part (1) and the base oil tank (2) of the drill pump.
5. The technical solution of claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the lubricant is selected to be 680 centistokes.
CN202111103647.3A 2021-09-22 2021-09-22 Technical scheme for prolonging service life of lubricating oil of drilling pump Pending CN113586432A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113833649A (en) * 2021-11-08 2021-12-24 黄秀芳 Observation structure of reciprocating pump gear guard shield
CN113833650A (en) * 2021-11-12 2021-12-24 黄秀芳 Dynamic seal structure of gear shield of reciprocating pump

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113833649A (en) * 2021-11-08 2021-12-24 黄秀芳 Observation structure of reciprocating pump gear guard shield
CN113833650A (en) * 2021-11-12 2021-12-24 黄秀芳 Dynamic seal structure of gear shield of reciprocating pump

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