CN113584679B

CN113584679B - Flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113584679B
Application number: CN202110913479.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张美玲; 赵美玲; 张�诚; 王占刚; 郑广伟
Original assignee: Henan Bangwei Hi Tech Special Textile Co ltd; Tianjin Polytechnic University
Current assignee: Henan Bangwei Hi Tech Special Textile Co ltd; Tianjin Polytechnic University
Priority date: 2021-08-10
Filing date: 2021-08-10
Publication date: 2023-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-10
Also published as: CN113584679A

Abstract

The invention provides a flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on an optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of intelligent clothes. The invention provides a method for weaving optical fibers into a fabric in a warp form, wherein the local position of the optical fibers exists in a float length line form and is provided with a groove to form a light-emitting and light-sensing structure of the optical fibers, and the optical fibers which are led in light are defined as light-emitting optical fibers, and the optical fibers which are used for receiving the light are defined as light-sensing optical fibers. The weft yarns of the fabric are made of high-elasticity high-melting-point yarns, and the warp yarns except the optical fibers are made of non-elastic or low-elasticity high-melting-point yarns, and the melting point of the yarns is higher than that of the optical fibers, so that the yarns are not influenced by the slotting temperature. When a human body breathes, the weft elasticity of the fabric can effectively change the distance between the light-emitting optical fiber and the photosensitive optical fiber in the warp form, so that the light intensity of the photosensitive optical fiber is changed, and the breathing movement and the abnormality are monitored. The breathing sensor has simple weaving technology, one-step forming and low cost, is convenient for industrial scale production, and provides a guidance method for the research of future optical fiber sensors and intelligent clothing.

Description

Flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent clothing, and particularly relates to a flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on an optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Along with the improvement of national science and technology and the improvement of the living standard of people, people pay more and more attention to the health condition of the people. The respiration is used as an important physiological parameter index, and the information such as frequency, depth and the like contained in the waveform can reflect the psychological and physiological health conditions of a human body. The trend of the aging population in China is getting more and more serious, and the chronic diseases of the respiratory system are frequent in the middle-aged and old people, so that the situation is accelerated and the medical mode that people mainly cure diseases and see a doctor is shifted to the mode that the prevention diagnosis is mainly and the treatment is assisted. The daily wearable device capable of conveniently and effectively monitoring and feeding back respiratory movement and abnormity is researched, and diseases of middle-aged and elderly people can be prevented and timely treated.

At present, sensors for monitoring human respiration mainly comprise an electronic sensor and an optical fiber sensor. Gaetano et al, which uses a resistive sensor in an electronic sensor, combines four resistive elastic bands into a T-shirt, and monitors the respiratory movement of the human body by measuring changes in the resistive values. However, such sensors are susceptible to external electromagnetic interference, and unstable resistance values can cause inaccuracy of respiration signals.

The optical fiber sensor mainly includes a wavelength modulation sensor and an intensity modulation sensor.

Among wavelength modulation type optical fiber sensors, a fiber grating sensor is most typical. Ciochetti M et al propose to monitor the chest breathing pattern by adhering a fiber grating sensor to a textile with an adhesive silicone rubber. However, the sensor demodulation system is complex, needs special grating equipment and sensing equipment, and is large in size and expensive.

The intensity modulation type optical fiber sensor comprises an optical fiber macro-bending sensor and an optical fiber micro-bending sensor. Augustin G et al embroider polymer fibers in macrobends onto elastic fabric to measure the breathing rate of the human abdomen. Based on the optical fiber microbending effect, yang Xiufeng et al embroider the optical fiber on the telescopic substrate in a sine pattern, and measure the heartbeat frequency and the respiratory rate of the testers in two states of standing posture and sitting posture. The macrobend and microbend optical fiber sensors need to enable the optical fiber to have a certain curvature radius, but the optical fiber has certain hardness and is easy to be fragile, so that the difficulty of realizing and fixing the optical fiber with a certain curvature radius in weaving is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on an optical fiber luminescence and sensitization mechanism and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the existing respiratory sensor is easily subjected to electromagnetic interference, has large volume and high cost, and is difficult to fix an optical fiber with a certain curvature radius.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on an optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism and a preparation method thereof are designed. The optical fibers are used as warp yarns, are arranged, combined and woven into a fabric, and do not need to form a certain curvature radius. In a local position, the optical fiber exists in a floating long line mode, and the groove removes a cladding and a fiber core of the part, which are respectively defined as a luminous fiber and a photosensitive fiber. The optical fiber for introducing light is a luminous optical fiber, and the optical fiber for receiving light is a photosensitive optical fiber. The luminous power of the luminous optical fiber is fixed, the distance between the optical fibers is changed due to the breathing motion of a human body, and the photosensitive signal of the photosensitive optical fiber can be enhanced or weakened, so that the breathing motion of the human body is judged.

Based on the principle, the optical fibers are woven into the fabric on a dobby loom in the form of warp yarns, the rest warp yarns adopt low-elasticity or non-elasticity yarns with high melting points, and the weft yarns adopt high-elasticity yarns with high melting points. The weft yarns and the warp yarns except the optical fibers are yarns with melting points higher than that of the optical fibers. The optical fiber grooving can be realized only by a certain temperature, and the yarn is not influenced by the temperature due to the high temperature resistance of the yarn. The high elastic effect of the weft yarns can enable the flexible monitoring breathing fabric to be close to the skin firstly, and in addition, when a human body breathes, the movement can effectively change the weft displacement of the fabric and change the distance between the warp yarns and the optical fibers, so that the change of the photosensitive intensity of the photosensitive optical fibers is caused.

The flexible monitoring breathing fabric based on the optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism is divided into an optical fiber fabric and a liner fabric. The spacer fabric does not contain optical fibers therein, and serves to protect the optical fibers and to facilitate integration with the garment. The optical fiber fabric is a main part of the flexible monitoring breathing fabric, the light-emitting optical fiber and the photosensitive optical fiber are arranged and combined and woven in a warp yarn mode, wherein the local part of the warp optical fiber needs to appear in a floating length line mode, the optical fiber cladding and part of the fiber core are conveniently removed in the later processing, and the purposes of light emitting and light sensing of the warp optical fiber are achieved. The woven body-fitting elastic fabric can change the distance between warp optical fibers so as to monitor the respiratory motion of a human body.

The technical scheme is not limited to the above structure, namely, the structure which meets the requirement that the change of the distance between the light-emitting optical fiber and the photosensitive optical fiber causes the change of the output light intensity belongs to the principle.

Compared with the prior art, the innovation of the invention is as follows: the flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on the optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism only needs to use optical fibers and can resist electromagnetic interference generated by electronic elements and the external environment; the optical fiber does not need a grating structure, so that special grating equipment and sensing equipment which are large in size and high in cost can be avoided; the optical fibers need not be embedded with a certain radius of curvature, but are woven into the fabric in the manner of a conventional warp, which can be achieved on a dobby loom. The weaving technology is simple and easy to implement, is formed in one step, has low production cost and is convenient for industrial mass production. The optical fiber sensor is integrated into textile clothes such as waistbands, underwear and shirts, so that the long-term portable monitoring of human breathing in daily life can be realized, and a foundation is laid for the research of future optical fiber sensors and intelligent clothes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on an optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an elongated float warp fiber groove in a fiber optic fabric;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the intensity of light when the distance between the light-emitting optical fiber and the light-sensing optical fiber is changed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a testing device for flexibly monitoring a breathing fabric based on an optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a flexible monitoring respiratory fabric using 5 warp fibers arranged and combined;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the loading of the optical fiber portion of the binder warp yarn in an optical fiber fabric;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the loading of the float warp fiber portions of the spacer fabric and the fiber optic fabric.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and figures:

the flexible monitoring breathing fabric based on the optical fiber light-emitting photosensitive mechanism is formed by weaving polymer optical fibers, high-melting-point inelastic warp yarns and high-melting-point high-elasticity weft yarns. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on an optical fiber light-emitting and light-sensing mechanism, wherein the weft direction is the X direction, and the warp direction is the Y direction. The flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on the optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism is composed of a liner fabric and an optical fiber fabric. Number 1 in fig. 1 is a spacer fabric on which the optical fibers are suspended, which protects the optical fibers and is easily integrated into a garment. The fiber optic fabric in fig. 1 contains four sections with

numbers

2,3,4 and 5. The fabric represented by the number 2 does not contain warp optical fibers, and a fabric structure and high-elastic weft yarns which can enable the weft direction to generate elasticity are adopted and defined as the elastic non-optical-fiber fabric 2; numeral 4 denotes a light-emitting optical fiber, and numeral 5 denotes a light-sensing optical fiber. Numeral 3 represents a fiber space fabric, and the distance between the light-emitting fiber 4 and the light-sensing fiber 5 can be adjusted. The weave of the fiber spacing fabric 3 may be the same as or different from that of the elastic non-fiber fabric 2. The

warp fibers

4 and 5 are again divided into three parts.

Portions

41 and 51 are portions floating on the spacer fabric 1; the warp fibers of

portions

42 and 52 are secured using a weave binder, which is defined as binding portions of

warp fibers

42 and 52; the warp fibers of

sections

43 and 53 are woven as floats, which are defined as the sections of the

float warp fibers

43 and 53 that need to be grooved to implement light-emitting and light-sensing structures. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the grooves of the

float warp fibers

43 and 53. Grooves are formed on the surfaces of the raised

warp fibers

43 and 53, such as sections at 431 and 531, so as to realize the light-emitting and light-sensing functions of the fibers.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the intensity of light when the distance between the light-emitting optical fiber and the light-sensing optical fiber is changed. The

grooves

431 and 531 are formed by physically removing the cladding and part of the core of the warp optical fiber. The light emitting fiber 4 passes through the light 44, enters air directly at the groove 431, is received by the groove 531 of the photosensitive fiber 5, enters the photosensitive fiber, and then the output light 45 is detected. Setting the initial distance between the light-emitting optical fiber 4 and the photosensitive optical fiber 5 as d, when the light-emitting power of the light-emitting optical fiber is fixed, the human body inhales to cause the expansion of the chest and abdomen, so that the distance between the light-emitting optical fiber 4 and the photosensitive optical fiber 5 in the weft-wise high-elastic fabric is increased from d to d ₂ At this time, the light 45 received by the groove 531 of the photosensitive fiber 5 decreases due to the increase in distance, and the output light intensity decreases; the human body exhales to cause the contraction of the chest and abdomen, the fabric recovers the original shape due to the weft elastic effect of the fabric, and the distance between the luminous optical fiber 4 and the photosensitive optical fiber 5 is d ₂ Decreasing to d, the light 45 received by the groove 531 of the photosensitive fiber 5 increases, and the output light intensity rises. With the increase of the use frequency of the flexible monitoring breathing fabric, even if the fabric creeps, the distance between the light-emitting optical fiber 4 and the light-sensitive optical fiber 5 is d ₂ Is reduced to d ₁ The equipment can still detect strong light sensitivityThe change in degree. Due to the fact that different test positions of the optical fibers in the monitoring respiratory fabric on the human body are detected, the movement mode of the light-emitting optical fibers 4 and the light-sensing optical fibers 5 in the figure 3 can occur, and the movement mode that the warp

optical fibers

4 and 5 extend and retract along the weft X direction can also occur. The principle of this movement is the same as that of fig. 3, i.e., the variation in the distance between the two causes the variation in the intensity of the light. Therefore, the occurrence and the abnormity of the breathing movement can be judged by monitoring the change of the light intensity of the photosensitive material.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a testing device for flexibly monitoring a respiratory fabric based on an optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism. Two ends of the luminous optical fiber 4 are connected with two LEDs 61 on the circuit board 6, a light source is introduced, and two ends of the photosensitive optical fiber 5 are connected with a Photoreceptor (PD) 62 with an amplifying and filtering device on the circuit board 6, receive light and carry out human body respiratory motion test. The sensor is powered by a power supply 7, and acquired data is transmitted to acquisition software 8 of the PC machine in a serial port mode for processing, analysis and feedback.

The following examples are given to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims of the present invention.

The flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on the optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism and the preparation method thereof are based on the principle of figure 1, and the number of warp optical fibers is increased to 5 for example, as shown in figure 5. Three are luminous optical fibers 4, two are photosensitive optical fibers 5, and the luminous optical fibers and the photosensitive optical fibers are arranged alternately. The weave of the optical fiber fabric 2 and the optical fiber spacing fabric 3 is the same. According to the design of weaving process and luminous photosensitive structure process, the warp optical fiber is PMMA polymer optical fiber, and the melting point is between 100 and 150 ℃. Other warps adopt non-elastic or low-elastic yarns with high melting point, such as nylon and the like, and wefts adopt high-melting-point high-elastic yarns, such as high-elastic nylon and the like, and the melting point is more than 200 ℃. So that the weft yarns and the warp yarns except the optical fibers can be protected when the optical fiber partial-float-length line position is grooved.

The flexible monitoring breathing fabric based on the optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism in fig. 5 is composed of a cushion fabric and an optical fiber fabric. Because the fabric textures of the elastic matt optical fiber fabric 2 and the optical fiber spacing fabric 3 are the same, eight three-fly-warp-surface satin textures are adopted for the fabric textures. A total of 8 warp yarns and 8 weft yarns in one weave repeat are shown in figure 6. The 8 warp yarns are B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7 and B8, and the weft yarns are B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7 and B8. The distance between adjacent warp optical fibers is one weave circulation of eight three-fly-warp-surface satin weaves. The space between the optical fibers in the weft X direction of the fabric and the width of the fabric can be changed by adjusting the number of the weave cycles. If the pitch of the fiber-space fabric 3 is to be reduced, the fiber-space fabric can be implemented by adopting a partial eight-piece three-fly-surface satin weave or designing other weaves with small circulation.

Drafting 5 warps by an optical fiber drawing method, and putting the warps and the B8 warps into a reed. The

binder warp fibers

42 and 52 are secured using the weave binder of fig. 6C. Adjusting the length of the

binding warp fibers

42 and 52 can achieve the binding fixation of the fibers by adjusting the number of weft yarns in the binding weave. The

float warp fibers

43 and 53 adopt the weave of C in fig. 7 to realize warp fiber floats for fiber grooving. The diameter of the optical fiber and the length of the optical fiber floating long line are adjusted, the groove area and the length of the optical fiber can be adjusted, and the luminous photosensitive intensity of the optical fiber is changed. The length of the optical fiber float can be realized by adjusting the number of weft yarns in fig. 7.

The implementation of the substrate fabric 1 is the same as that of the

optical fiber fabric

2,3,43,53, and the description is omitted.

In order to realize the flexible monitoring breathing fabric based on the optical fiber luminescence sensitization mechanism, firstly, the cushion fabric 1 is woven according to the upper computer graph of fig. 7, and optical fibers are not solidified and suspended on the cushion fabric. After the spacer fabric 1 is woven, the 2,3,42 and 52 portions of the optical fiber fabric are woven next according to fig. 6, and the tying warp optical fiber portion is realized. Portions of

fiber optic fabric

2,3,43 and 53 are then woven as in fig. 7 to achieve the float warp fiber portion. In one tissue cycle, 8 weft yarns are adopted, and a plurality of tissue cycles realize about 1cm of optical fiber float length line. Physical grooving of the optical fibers is performed at the

warp float fiber

43 and 53 portions. The length of the optical fiber floating long line can be self-determined according to the luminous sensitization. After weaving the part, symmetrically weaving the binding warp optical fiber part of the optical fiber fabric to bind and fix the optical fiber. The spacer fabric 1 is then woven. And adjusting the weaving process according to the size of the optical fiber fabric until the weaving of the fabric is finished.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a flexible monitoring respiratory fabric based on optic fibre luminous sensitization mechanism which characterized in that: the optical fiber fabric comprises optical fiber fabric, wherein optical fibers are woven into the fabric in a warp form, the optical fibers introduced with light are luminous optical fibers, the optical fibers receiving the light are photosensitive optical fibers, and the luminous optical fibers and the photosensitive optical fibers are arranged alternately; the distance between the optical fibers is changed due to the breathing movement of the human body, and the photosensitive signal of the photosensitive optical fiber can be enhanced or weakened, so that the breathing movement of the human body is judged.

2. The monitoring respiratory fabric of claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber exists in a floating length line mode at a local position, and the light-emitting optical fiber and the photosensitive optical fiber are optical fibers with grooves for removing a floating length line optical fiber cladding and part of fiber cores.

3. The monitoring respiratory fabric of claim 2, wherein: the weft yarns of the fabric are made of high-elasticity high-melting-point yarns, and the warp yarns except the optical fibers are made of non-elastic or low-elasticity high-melting-point yarns.

4. The monitoring respiratory fabric of claim 3, wherein: the weft yarns and the warp yarns except the optical fibers are yarns with melting points higher than that of the optical fibers.

5. The monitoring respiratory fabric of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the fabric also includes a spacer fabric that does not contain optical fibers therein.

6. A method of making a monitoring breathable fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the optical fibers are woven into the fabric in the form of warp yarns.