CN113583462A - Irradiation crosslinking material for photovoltaic cable, preparation method of irradiation crosslinking material and photovoltaic cable - Google Patents
Irradiation crosslinking material for photovoltaic cable, preparation method of irradiation crosslinking material and photovoltaic cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN113583462A CN113583462A CN202110795497.0A CN202110795497A CN113583462A CN 113583462 A CN113583462 A CN 113583462A CN 202110795497 A CN202110795497 A CN 202110795497A CN 113583462 A CN113583462 A CN 113583462A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002534 radiation-sensitizing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical group C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011243 crosslinked material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Didodecyl thiobispropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003508 Dilauryl thiodipropionate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019304 dilauryl thiodipropionate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012761 high-performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
- C08L2312/06—Crosslinking by radiation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an irradiation crosslinking material for a photovoltaic cable, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of POP resin, 10-30 parts of PE resin, 150 parts of flame retardant, 20-40 parts of ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer, 5-15 parts of flame retardant synergist, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant and 1-2 parts of radiation sensitizer; the POP resin is a POP resin with the Shore hardness of more than 90A; the PE resin is LLDPE resin, and the melt index is 2. The invention also discloses the irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable and the photovoltaic cable prepared from the irradiation crosslinking material. The irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable has good physical and mechanical properties, light transmission, flame retardance and aging resistance, and the TUV and EN standards pass through double certification, so that the cost of downstream cable manufacturers is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, in particular to an irradiation crosslinking material for a photovoltaic cable, a preparation method of the irradiation crosslinking material and the photovoltaic cable.
Background
Solar power generation is used as a renewable clean energy, does not discharge harmful gas, has no pollution to the atmospheric environment, is clean and safe, and is rapidly developed in the global scope like new energy such as wind energy, ocean energy, geothermal energy and the like. The photovoltaic cable is used for the electrical circuit connection of a solar power generation system, has excellent electrical performance and physical and mechanical performance, is applied to photovoltaic power generation systems more and has wide development prospect.
Since the photovoltaic cable is often used under severe environmental conditions, such as high and low temperature (temperature can be as high as 100 ℃), strong ultraviolet radiation, high ozone concentration, chemical corrosion, etc., if the performance of the cable material does not meet the requirements, the cable sheath layer is damaged and decomposed, so that the cable is damaged, and the risk of cable short circuit is increased. High performance materials must be used for the photovoltaic cables.
At present, the service life of a photovoltaic cable at 120 ℃ is required to be more than 25 years, and meanwhile, the product must have the performances of low temperature resistance, ozone resistance, weather resistance, direct current voltage resistance, dynamic penetration resistance, flame retardance and the like. The existing halogen-free flame-retardant sheath material for the photovoltaic cable mainly takes polyethylene, polyolefin and the like as base materials and cannot meet the requirements. For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN1763129A discloses a thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant cable sheath material and a processing process thereof, wherein the sheath material base material is polyolefin resin, the inorganic flame retardant is ultrafine magnesium hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide, and the magnesium salt whisker is selected. The new material of the sheath material has good mechanical property, processing property, thermal deformation, thermal aging and thermal shock property. However, under the long-term heat aging and environmental effects, the molecular weight of the polymer material is smaller and smaller, so that various performances of the cable sheath material are greatly reduced. In addition, radiation crosslinkable polyolefin cable materials are also disclosed in the prior art. For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN 101286377A discloses an irradiation cross-linked low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable material, which comprises the following components: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: 30-50%, high density polyethylene: 0-20%, magnesium hydroxide: 30-60%, red phosphorus: 0-10%, coupling agent: 1-5%, crosslinking agent: 0.1-1.5%, compatibilizer: 1-5%, antioxidant: 0.1-1.5% and a lubricant: 0.1 to 1.5 percent. The irradiation crosslinking low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable material overcomes the harm of the traditional halogen flame retardant flame-retardant polyolefin material to the environment and the human body, and has the characteristics of no toxicity, greenness and environmental protection. However, the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break and the like of the prepared sheath material are still poor, the thermal aging resistance is also poor, and the service life under high temperature conditions is short.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable, which has good physical and mechanical properties, light transmission, flame retardance and aging resistance, and the TUV and EN standards pass through double certification, so that the cost of downstream cable manufacturers is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an irradiation crosslinking material for a photovoltaic cable, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the POP resin is a POP resin with the Shore hardness of more than 90A; the PE resin is LLDPE resin, and the melt index of the PE resin is 2-4 under the condition of 190 ℃ multiplied by 2.16 kg.
Further, the POP resin has a melt index > 3 at 190 ℃ 2.16 kg.
According to the invention, the POP resin with the Shore hardness of more than 90A is adopted, so that the impact resistance and the thermal stability of the cross-linking material can be improved, the melt index of the PE resin is limited to 2-4, the melt index of the POP resin is more than 3, and the processability of the cross-linking material is improved.
In the invention, a special compatilizer-ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer is introduced into the formula of the cross-linking material, and compared with the conventional LLDPE maleic anhydride compatilizer, the ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer can improve the cabling light transmittance, tensile strength, elongation at break, thermal elongation and aging resistance of the cross-linking material and prolong the service life.
Preferably, the ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer comprises one or more ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride terpolymers. More preferably, the ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride terpolymer has an acrylate (MA) content of > 3%. Wherein, the higher the content of MA, the better the cohesiveness and compatibility of the compatilizer to the flame retardant, which is beneficial to improving the comprehensive performance of the crosslinking material.
In the present invention, the flame retardant may be selected from inorganic flame retardants commonly used in the art, preferably one or a combination of two selected from aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. The flame retardant property of the cross-linking material can be further improved by adding the flame retardant synergist. In the invention, the flame retardant synergist is one or more of phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardants. Preferably, the phosphorus content of the phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant is 16% or more, and more preferably, the phosphorus content of the phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant is 23% or more.
Further, the lubricant is selected from one or more of calcium stearate, barium stearate, stearic acid and polyethylene wax; the antioxidant is selected from the combination of pentaerythritol tetrakis [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ], dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane; the radiation sensitizer is selected from the group consisting of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate and diallyl phthalate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable, which comprises the following steps:
1) placing POP resin, PE resin, a flame retardant, a lubricant, an antioxidant and an irradiation sensitizer in a high-speed kneader for low-speed mixing, simultaneously adding ethylene acrylate maleic anhydride copolymer in two to three times, and starting high-speed mixing after the ethylene acrylate maleic anhydride copolymer is completely added until the ethylene acrylate maleic anhydride copolymer is uniformly mixed;
2) starting low-speed mixing, adding the flame-retardant synergist under the condition of low-speed mixing, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) extruding and granulating the uniformly mixed raw materials in the step 2) by using a double-screw extruder, controlling the extrusion temperature to be 150-190 ℃, and drying the particles subjected to brace extrusion and granulation to obtain the irradiation cross-linked material.
Further, the rotating speed of the low-speed mixing is 500-1000 rpm, the rotating speed of the high-speed mixing is 1500-3000 rpm, and the drying temperature is 60-70 ℃.
The invention also provides a photovoltaic cable, wherein the sheath layer of the photovoltaic cable is prepared from the irradiation cross-linking material for the photovoltaic cable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable has good physical and mechanical properties, the flame retardant property of the irradiation crosslinking material meets the requirements of TUV and EN standards, and the light transmittance of the irradiation crosslinking material meets the requirements of more than 60 percent of the EN standard. The retention rate of tensile strength and the retention rate of elongation at break of the irradiation crosslinking material are more than 80 percent through a damp and heat resistant test (85 ℃, 85 percent humidity multiplied by 168h) and a 185 ℃ multiplied by 100h rapid aging test. The irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable has good weather resistance, is particularly suitable for hot and cold natural environments, and has the service life of 25 years.
2. According to the irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable, the TUV and EN standards pass through double authentication, so that convenience can be brought to downstream cable manufacturers, the stock types of the photovoltaic cable are reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and to practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the examples below, POP resins were purchased from sabic; ethylene acrylate maleic anhydride copolymers were purchased from dow; aluminum hydroxide, available from medium aluminum; magnesium hydroxide, available from KAUSTIK; flame retardant synergist, available from claine; antioxidants were purchased from basf; lubricants were purchased from the Shanghai Gaoqiao petrochemical industry.
Examples 1-3, comparative example 1: irradiation crosslinking material for preparing photovoltaic cable
1) According to the formula shown in Table 1, POP resin, PE resin, a flame retardant, a lubricant, an antioxidant and a radiation sensitizer are placed in a high-speed kneader to be mixed at a low speed, meanwhile, ethylene acrylate maleic anhydride copolymer is added in two to three times, and after the ethylene acrylate maleic anhydride copolymer is completely added, high-speed mixing is started;
2) after the mixture is uniformly mixed at a high speed, starting low-speed mixing again, and adding the flame-retardant synergist under the condition of low-speed mixing for uniform mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) and (3) directly extruding the uniformly mixed raw materials in the step 2) by using a double-screw extruder, controlling the extrusion temperature to be 150-190 ℃, and drying the particles subjected to brace extrusion and grain cutting to obtain the irradiation cross-linked material. And drying the extruded and molded finished product at 60-70 ℃ to obtain the irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable.
Table 1 formulations of the radiation-crosslinking materials of examples 1 to 3, comparative example 1
Performance testing
The irradiation crosslinking materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 Performance test results of the irradiation crosslinking materials of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1
Referring to tables 1-2, the irradiation cross-linking material prepared in comparative example 1 has low mechanical properties due to the LLDPE maleic anhydride as the compatibilizer, and the elongation at break, the cross-linking thermal extension and the cabled light transmittance are all not qualified after irradiation aging.
Referring to the performance test results of examples 1-3, after the ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride terpolymer is used as the compatilizer, the irradiation crosslinking material has good physical and mechanical properties, the flame retardant property meets the requirements of TUV and EN standards, and the light transmittance meets the requirement of more than 60% of EN standards. After the moisture and heat resistance test (85 ℃, 85% humidity multiplied by 168h), the retention rate of the tensile strength and the retention rate of the elongation at break of the cross-linking material are more than 80%; after passing 185 ℃ 100h rapid aging test, the retention rate of tensile strength and the retention rate of elongation at break of the cross-linked material are more than 80%. The irradiation crosslinking material prepared in the embodiment 3 is superior to the embodiments 1-2 in all performances, and is the best embodiment.
The irradiation crosslinking material has good weather resistance, is particularly suitable for hot and cold natural environments, and has the service life of 25 years. And because TUV passes through with the two certifications of EN standard, can make things convenient for downstream cable producer, reduce photovoltaic cable stock kind, reduce cost has extensive application prospect.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
the POP resin is a POP resin with the Shore hardness of more than 90A; the PE resin is LLDPE resin, and the melt index of the PE resin is 2-4 under the condition of 190 ℃ multiplied by 2.16 kg.
2. The radiation crosslinking material for photovoltaic cables as recited in claim 1, wherein the POP resin has a melt index > 3 at 190 ℃ x 2.16 kg.
3. The radiation crosslinking material for photovoltaic cables as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer comprises one or more ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride terpolymers.
4. The radiation crosslinking material for photovoltaic cables as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ethylene-acrylate-maleic anhydride terpolymer contains acrylate in an amount of > 3%.
5. The radiation crosslinking material for photovoltaic cables as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is selected from one or a combination of two of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; the flame-retardant synergist is selected from one or more of phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardants, and the phosphorus content of the phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardants is more than 16%.
6. The radiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable according to claim 5, wherein the flame retardant synergist is one or more selected from the group consisting of phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardants with a phosphorus content of 23% or more.
7. The radiation crosslinking material for photovoltaic cables as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lubricant is selected from one or more of calcium stearate, barium stearate, stearic acid and polyethylene wax; the antioxidant is selected from the combination of pentaerythritol tetrakis [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ], dilauryl thiodipropionate and 2, 2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane; the radiation sensitizer is selected from the group consisting of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate and diallyl phthalate.
8. The preparation method of the irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mixing POP resin, PE resin, a flame retardant, a lubricant, an antioxidant and an irradiation sensitizer at a low speed, adding an ethylene acrylate maleic anhydride copolymer into the mixture in two to three times, and starting high-speed mixing until the mixture is uniformly mixed after the ethylene acrylate maleic anhydride copolymer is completely added;
2) starting low-speed mixing, adding the flame-retardant synergist, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) extruding and granulating the uniformly mixed raw materials in the step 2) by using a double-screw extruder, controlling the extrusion temperature to be 150-190 ℃, and drying the particles subjected to brace extrusion and granulation to obtain the irradiation cross-linked material.
9. The preparation method of the irradiation crosslinking material for the photovoltaic cable according to claim 8, wherein the rotation speed of the low-speed mixing is 500-1000 rpm, the rotation speed of the high-speed mixing is 1500-3000 rpm, and the drying temperature is 60-70 ℃.
10. A photovoltaic cable, wherein the sheath layer of the photovoltaic cable is prepared from the irradiation crosslinking material for photovoltaic cables described in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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