CN113582202A - Preparation method of sodium thiocyanate - Google Patents
Preparation method of sodium thiocyanate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113582202A CN113582202A CN202110840424.9A CN202110840424A CN113582202A CN 113582202 A CN113582202 A CN 113582202A CN 202110840424 A CN202110840424 A CN 202110840424A CN 113582202 A CN113582202 A CN 113582202A
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- water
- organic solvent
- sodium thiocyanate
- thiocyanate
- drying
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- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002837 defoliant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-bis(chloromethyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCl)=CC=CC2=C1CCl HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHGPDSVHSDCMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C2N=C(N)SC2=C1 KZHGPDSVHSDCMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016720 allyl isothiocyanate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic trioxide Inorganic materials O1[As]2O[As]1O2 GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007255 decyanation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000273 veterinary drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C3/00—Cyanogen; Compounds thereof
- C01C3/20—Thiocyanic acid; Salts thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation method of sodium thiocyanate comprises the following steps: taking ammonium thiocyanate and sodium hydroxide with a molar ratio of 1:1 as raw materials, adding a water-carrying organic solvent, wherein 3-5mL of the organic solvent is added into every 1g of the raw materials, the water-carrying organic solvent is one of benzene, toluene, xylene, n-butanol, dichloroethane and ethyl acetate, removing generated water through heating reflux, directly filtering after cooling crystallization, drying the crude product to obtain a finished product of sodium thiocyanate, and directly returning the obtained organic filtrate for application, wherein the crude product drying mode is one of blast drying, vacuum double-cone, vacuum rake and flash evaporation. The sodium thiocyanate prepared by the method has high purity, and complicated procedures such as activated carbon decoloration and impurity removal are not needed, so that the operation links are greatly reduced, and a large amount of energy consumption is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of sodium thiocyanate.
Background
Sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) has a wide range of applications. Is commonly used in the medical field for the synthesis and isolation of antibiotics; in the textile field, the fiber is used as a solvent extraction agent for polyacrylonitrile fibers; in the field of crop protection, the plant defoliant is used as a certain plant defoliant and a synthetic raw material of some bactericides, insecticides, herbicides and the like; the method is used for synthesizing 2-amino-6-methoxybenzothiazole, allyl isothiocyanate and the like which are important intermediates of veterinary drugs, materials, dyes and the like in the field of equipment protection such as corrosion prevention, pollution prevention and the like, rust remover for roads, electroplating of ship bodies and the like and in other fine chemical engineering fields.
The first method is a sodium cyanide (NaCN) sulfur synthesis process, which comprises the steps of reacting NaCN with sulfur to generate sodium thiocyanate, removing impurities, decoloring, filtering, evaporating and crystallizing to obtain the product. The process has the advantages of high product purity, good product quality and stable product quality. The disadvantage is that the highly toxic chemical NaCN is used, and the purchasing, transportation and use are all provided with strict restriction systems. The second method is an arsenic-alkali by-product method, wherein arsenic trioxide is used as a catalyst, sodium carbonate is used as an absorbent, waste liquid from oxidative desulfurization and decyanation is used as a raw material, and the sodium thiocyanate is obtained by purification in a mode of multiple concentration and fractional crystallization or an organic solvent recrystallization method. The process has the advantages of cheap and easily available raw materials and low cost. The defects are that the produced product has poor quality and low purity, can not be exported and can only be sold as a low-grade product. The third method is an ammonium thiocyanate conversion method, which adopts ammonium thiocyanate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials and obtains the product after impurity removal, decoloration, filtration, evaporation and crystallization. The process has the advantages of simple production process, easy operation, great influence of raw material purity and high raw material cost.
With the wider application of sodium thiocyanate, the demand of global industry for the product and the quality requirement of the product are higher and higher, and among the methods reported at present, the ammonium thiocyanate method is applied by more manufacturers, but the working procedures are relatively complex, the product quality is not high, generally the content of 95-98% is the main,
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of sodium thiocyanate, wherein high-purity sodium thiocyanate is simply, conveniently and efficiently obtained by taking ammonium thiocyanate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials and toluene as a reaction solvent. Complicated procedures such as activated carbon decoloration and impurity removal are not needed, the operation links are greatly reduced, and a large amount of energy consumption is saved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of sodium thiocyanate, which comprises the following steps: taking ammonium thiocyanate and sodium hydroxide with a molar ratio of 1:1 as raw materials, adding a water-carrying organic solvent, wherein 3-5mL of the organic solvent is added into every 1g of the raw materials, the water-carrying organic solvent is one of benzene, toluene, xylene, n-butanol, dichloroethane and ethyl acetate, removing generated water through heating reflux, directly filtering after cooling crystallization, drying the crude product to obtain a finished product of sodium thiocyanate, and directly returning the obtained organic filtrate for application, wherein the crude product drying mode is one of blast drying, vacuum double-cone, vacuum rake and flash evaporation.
Preferably, the organic solvent with water is toluene.
Preferably, the crude product drying mode is a vacuum double-cone mode.
The invention uses ammonium thiocyanate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials and toluene as a reaction solvent, and the high-purity sodium thiocyanate (the content is more than 99.5%) is simply, conveniently and efficiently obtained. Complicated procedures such as activated carbon decoloration and impurity removal are not needed, the operation links are greatly reduced, and a large amount of energy consumption is saved.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
adding 240mL of toluene into a 500mL reaction bottle, adding 79.291g (96% content, 1.0mol) of ammonium thiocyanate under the stirring condition, adding 42.115g (95% content, 1.0mol) of sodium hydroxide, heating and refluxing for about 4 hours until no new water is separated from a water separator, cooling a reaction system to 40 +/-5 ℃, filtering, mechanically applying filtrate, and drying a filter cake by adopting a vacuum double cone to obtain 77.827g of finished product sodium thiocyanate with the yield of 96%. The appearance of the product is white powder, the content of the product is 99.7 percent, ammonium salt is not detected, the pH value is 6.9, and sulfate is 0.003 percent. The product quality far exceeds the superior product (99.0%) of the national index.
The water in the water separator and the ammonia water sprayed and absorbed by the tail gas water are combined to form clean ammonia water with the content of about 20%, and the ammonia water can be used or sold by other projects, so that real zero emission and circular economy are realized.
Example two:
adding 240mL of dimethylbenzene into a 500mL reaction bottle, adding 79.291g (96% content, 1.0mol) of ammonium thiocyanate under the stirring condition, adding 42.115g (95% content, 1.0mol) of sodium hydroxide, heating and refluxing for about 4 hours until no new water is separated from a water separator, cooling a reaction system to 40 +/-5 ℃, filtering, mechanically applying filtrate, and drying a filter cake by adopting a vacuum double cone to obtain 79.380g of finished product sodium thiocyanate with the yield of 98%. The appearance is white powder, the content is 99.3 percent, ammonium salt is not detected, the pH value is 7.3, and sulfate is 0.02 percent.
Example three:
adding 240mL of dichloroethane into a 500mL reaction bottle, adding 79.291g (96% content, 1.0mol) of ammonium thiocyanate under the stirring condition, adding 42.115g (95% content, 1.0mol) of sodium hydroxide, heating and refluxing for about 6 hours until no new water is separated from a water separator, cooling a reaction system to 30 +/-5 ℃, filtering, mechanically applying filtrate, and drying a filter cake by adopting a vacuum double cone to obtain 76.066g of finished product sodium thiocyanate with the yield of 95%. The appearance is white powder with the content of 99.5 percent, 0.02 percent of ammonium salt, 7.1 percent of pH value and 0.02 percent of sulfate.
Example four:
adding 240mL of n-butanol into a 500mL reaction bottle, adding 79.291g (96% content, 1.0mol) of ammonium thiocyanate under the stirring condition, adding 42.115g (95% content, 1.0mol) of sodium hydroxide, heating and refluxing for about 6 hours until no new water is separated from a water separator, cooling a reaction system to 5 +/-5 ℃, filtering, mechanically applying filtrate, and drying a filter cake by adopting a vacuum double cone to obtain 60.802g of finished product sodium thiocyanate with the yield of 75%. The appearance is white powder with the content of 99.8 percent, no ammonium salt is detected, the pH value is 6.9, and the sulfate is 0.01 percent.
Example five:
adding 240mL of ethyl acetate into a 500mL reaction bottle, adding 79.291g (96% content, 1.0mol) of ammonium thiocyanate under the stirring condition, adding 42.115g (95% content, 1.0mol) of sodium hydroxide, heating and refluxing for about 6 hours until no new water is separated from a water separator, cooling a reaction system to 30 +/-5 ℃, filtering, mechanically using a filtrate, and drying a filter cake by adopting a vacuum double cone to obtain 71.340g of finished product sodium thiocyanate with the yield of 88%. The appearance is white powder with the content of 99.6 percent, no ammonium salt is detected, the pH value is 6.6, and the sulfate is 0.015 percent.
Example six:
adding toluene as a solvent (about 238 mL) into a 500mL reaction bottle, adding 79.291g (96% content, 1.0mol) of ammonium thiocyanate, adding 42.115g (95% content, 1.0mol) of sodium hydroxide under the stirring condition, heating and refluxing for about 4 hours until no new water is separated from a water separator, cooling a reaction system to 40 +/-5 ℃, filtering, mechanically using the filtrate, and drying a filter cake by adopting a vacuum double cone to obtain 78.639g of finished product sodium thiocyanate with the yield of 97%. The appearance is white powder with the content of 99.6 percent, no ammonium salt is detected, the pH value is 6.6, and the sulfate is 0.015 percent.
Example seven:
adding 400mL of toluene into a 1000mL reaction bottle, adding 79.291g (96% content, 1.0mol) of ammonium thiocyanate under the stirring condition, adding 42.115g (95% content, 1.0mol) of sodium hydroxide, heating and refluxing for about 4 hours until no new water is separated from a water separator, cooling a reaction system to 40 +/-5 ℃, filtering, mechanically applying filtrate, and drying a filter cake by adopting a vacuum double cone to obtain 77.827g of finished product sodium thiocyanate with the yield of 96%. The appearance is white powder with the content of 99.6 percent, no ammonium salt is detected, the pH value is 6.8, and the sulfate is 0.002 percent. The product quality far exceeds the superior product (99.0%) of the national index.
Example eight
Adding 240mL of toluene into a 30L reaction bottle, adding 4.757 kg of ammonium thiocyanate (96% content, 60.0mol) under the stirring condition, adding 2.527 kg of sodium hydroxide (95% content, 60.0mol), heating and refluxing for about 4 hours until no new water is separated from a water separator, cooling a reaction system to 40 +/-5 ℃, filtering, mechanically using a filtrate, and drying a filter cake by adopting a vacuum double cone to obtain 4.668 kg of finished product sodium thiocyanate with the yield of 96%. The appearance is white solid with the content of 99.7 percent, no ammonium salt is detected, the pH value is 6.9, and the sulfate is 0.003 percent. The product quality far exceeds the superior product (99.0%) of the national index.
In the embodiment of the invention, the raw materials with other qualities sold in the market are as follows: 99 percent of ammonium thiocyanate, 90 percent of sodium hydroxide, 99 percent of high-quality sodium hydroxide, 30 percent of liquid sodium hydroxide and 50 percent of liquid sodium hydroxide are verified to meet the requirements of the invention, and the invention has low requirements on the product quality of raw materials.
The foregoing description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, although the present invention has been disclosed in connection with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. However, any modification, equivalence and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of sodium thiocyanate is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking ammonium thiocyanate and sodium hydroxide with a molar ratio of 1:1 as raw materials, adding a water-carrying organic solvent, wherein 3-5mL of the organic solvent is added into every 1g of the raw materials, the water-carrying organic solvent is one of benzene, toluene, xylene, n-butanol, dichloroethane and ethyl acetate, removing generated water through heating reflux, directly filtering after cooling crystallization, drying the crude product to obtain a finished product of sodium thiocyanate, and directly returning the obtained organic filtrate for application, wherein the crude product drying mode is one of blast drying, vacuum double-cone, vacuum rake and flash evaporation.
2. The method for synthesizing sodium thiocyanate according to claim 1, wherein: the organic solvent with water is toluene.
3. The method for synthesizing sodium thiocyanate according to claim 1, wherein: the crude product drying mode is a vacuum double-cone mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110840424.9A CN113582202A (en) | 2021-07-24 | 2021-07-24 | Preparation method of sodium thiocyanate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110840424.9A CN113582202A (en) | 2021-07-24 | 2021-07-24 | Preparation method of sodium thiocyanate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113582202A true CN113582202A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
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| CN202110840424.9A Pending CN113582202A (en) | 2021-07-24 | 2021-07-24 | Preparation method of sodium thiocyanate |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062884A (en) * | 1990-12-29 | 1992-07-22 | 湖南省农药工业公司 | Preparation process for high-content sodium rhodanide |
| CN103723745A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-04-16 | 北京艾思合众环保科技有限公司 | Purification method for sodium thiocyanate |
-
2021
- 2021-07-24 CN CN202110840424.9A patent/CN113582202A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062884A (en) * | 1990-12-29 | 1992-07-22 | 湖南省农药工业公司 | Preparation process for high-content sodium rhodanide |
| CN103723745A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-04-16 | 北京艾思合众环保科技有限公司 | Purification method for sodium thiocyanate |
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