CN113581442A

CN113581442A - Special cold storage plant of boats and ships

Info

Publication number: CN113581442A
Application number: CN202110817434.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨家福
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-07-20
Filing date: 2021-07-20
Publication date: 2021-11-02

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, and discloses a special refrigeration device for ships, which comprises a cylinder, an air inlet, an air outlet, an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve, wherein the cylinder is of a square structure, an upper piston is slidably mounted in an inner cavity of the cylinder, the lower surface of the upper piston is fixedly connected with one end of an elastic part, and a lower piston is slidably mounted in a position, which is positioned on the lower side of the upper piston, in the inner cavity of the cylinder. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the gear set and the elastic piece, the gears on two sides of the gear set drive the corresponding connecting rods to move through the coaxial reverse rotation of the gear set, so that the lower piston can be subjected to symmetrical forces exerted by the connecting rods on two sides in the moving process, and the lower piston cannot deflect.

Description

Special cold storage plant of boats and ships

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, in particular to a special refrigeration device for ships.

Background

The degree of automation of modern ships is higher and higher, and the effect of ship catering cold storage, which is one of the survival conditions of the ships, is also more and more emphasized by people, and a plurality of devices are needed by refrigeration of the cold storage, wherein a refrigeration compressor is the most important.

Some existing refrigeration compressors drive a connecting rod through the rotation of a crankshaft, so that a piston reciprocates, the superheated low-pressure steam delivered by the evaporator is extracted and discharged in a pressurizing way through a reciprocating piston, however, in the working process, the crankshaft drives the unilateral connecting rod to swing, so that the force borne by the piston in the moving process is not vertical, so that the piston can deflect to a certain degree in the moving process, the piston and the side wall of the cylinder generate larger abrasion, and the friction heat between the piston and the side wall of the cylinder is increased, because the lubricating oil is coated between the piston and the side wall of the cylinder, the temperature of the lubricating oil is increased rapidly, and then the carbon deposition phenomenon is generated, the lubricating oil is changed into solid, thereby further increase the wearing and tearing of piston and cylinder lateral wall, make piston and cylinder lateral wall appear the clearance, lead to the piston not to have the leakproofness, and then make the compressor no longer have the refrigeration effect.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing refrigeration compressor in the use process in the background technology, the invention provides the refrigeration device special for the ship, which has the advantages of reducing the abrasion between a piston and the side wall of a cylinder, avoiding the increase of friction heat and causing the carbon deposition phenomenon of lubricating oil, and solves the technical problems in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a special cold storage plant of boats and ships, includes cylinder, air inlet, gas outlet, admission valve and air outlet valve, the cylinder is square structure, slidable mounting has last piston in the cylinder inner chamber, the lower surface of going up the piston and the one end fixed connection of elastic component, the position slidable mounting who is located the piston downside in the cylinder inner chamber has lower piston, the upper surface of piston and the other end fixed connection of elastic component down, elastic component evenly distributed is at last piston under and between the piston, the lower surface both sides of piston all articulate the connecting rod down, the other end of connecting rod is articulated with the side of gear train one side gear, the gear train is coaxial symmetry gear setting, the gear train sets up the position in the cylinder below, the gear train below is provided with the driving gear, gear train and driving gear meshing.

Preferably, the periphery of the upper piston is movably provided with an upper roller, and the periphery of the lower piston is movably provided with a lower roller.

Preferably, the upper roller is in close contact with the side wall of the cylinder, and the lower roller is in close contact with the side wall of the cylinder.

Preferably, the position of the inner part of the upper piston, which is positioned at one side of the upper roller, is movably provided with a ball, and the position of the inner part of the lower piston, which is positioned at one side of the lower roller, is movably provided with a ball.

Preferably, each side of the periphery of the lower piston is provided with two lower rollers, and a certain gap is formed between the two lower rollers.

Preferably, a magnetic sliding plate is movably mounted in the lower piston at a position between the two lower rollers, one end of the magnetic sliding plate is of a trapezoidal structure, a magnetic part is fixedly mounted in the inner wall of the lower side of the air cylinder, and the magnetic part and the magnetic sliding plate are attracted in different poles.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, through the arrangement of the gear set and the elastic piece, the gears on two sides of the gear set drive the corresponding connecting rods to move through the coaxial reverse rotation of the gear set, so that the lower piston can be subjected to symmetrical forces exerted by the connecting rods on two sides in the moving process, and the lower piston cannot deflect.

2. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the upper roller and the lower roller, the sliding friction between the side surface of the upper piston and the side wall of the cylinder is changed into rolling friction in the moving process of the upper piston and the lower piston, so that the abrasion between the piston and the side wall of the cylinder is further reduced, and the increase of the friction heat between the piston and the side wall of the cylinder is avoided.

3. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the lower roller, when the connecting rod drives the lower piston to move downwards, the steam is pushed to be discharged by the upper piston, and negative pressure suction force exists between the upper piston and the cylinder top cover, so that when the lower piston moves downwards, the upper piston is temporarily kept at the current position, and then the lower piston moves downwards, external air is sucked to the area between the upper piston and the lower piston through a pore between the lower roller and the lower roller, and the distance between the upper piston and the lower piston is increased due to the fact that a certain volume of gas exists between the upper piston and the lower piston, so that when the connecting rod pushes the lower piston to move upwards and reach the limit position, the upper piston can move farther in the cylinder, and further the gap between the top of the upper piston and the cylinder top cover is reduced, the compression efficiency and the compression ratio of the compressor are improved, meanwhile, the sucked air can play a certain role of cooling on lubricating oil between the piston and the side wall of the cylinder, and the phenomenon of carbon deposition caused by overheating of the lubricating oil is avoided, thereby increasing the wear of the piston and the side wall of the cylinder.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structural link of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a structural gear set in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top cross-sectional view of a piston constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top cross-sectional view of a piston in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a magnetic member according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure shown at B in FIG. 7 according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a piston constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 9 at C according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a cylinder; 2. an air inlet; 3. an air outlet; 4. an intake valve; 5. an air outlet valve; 6. an upper piston; 7. an upper roller; 8. a ball bearing; 9. an elastic member; 10. a lower piston; 11. a lower roller; 12. a connecting rod; 13. a gear set; 14. a driving gear; 15. a magnetic slide plate; 16. a magnetic member.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-10, a special refrigeration device for ships comprises a cylinder 1, the cylinder 1 is a square structure, an air inlet 2 and an air outlet 3 are respectively arranged at two sides of the top of the cylinder 1, an air inlet valve 4 is movably arranged at the position of the air inlet 2 in the cylinder 1, an air outlet valve 5 is movably arranged at the position of the air outlet 3 in the cylinder 1, an upper piston 6 is slidably arranged in an inner cavity of the cylinder 1, the lower surface of the upper piston 6 is fixedly connected with one end of an elastic part 9, a lower piston 10 is slidably arranged at the position of the lower side of the upper piston 6 in the inner cavity of the cylinder 1, the upper surface of the lower piston 10 is fixedly connected with the other end of the elastic part 9, the elastic parts 9 are uniformly distributed between the upper piston 6 and the lower piston 10, connecting rods 12 are hinged to two sides of the lower surface of the lower piston 10, the other end of each connecting rod 12 is hinged to the side surface of a gear at one side of a gear set 13, the gear sets 13 are coaxially symmetrical gear sets, gear train 13 sets up the position below cylinder 1, gear train 13 and driving gear 14 mesh, when driving gear 14 drives gear train 13 and rotates, gear train 13's both sides gear carries out coaxial reverse motion, and then drive and correspond connecting rod 12 symmetry swing, the connecting rod 12 through the symmetry swing drives lower piston 10 and removes, make lower piston 10 can receive the symmetrical power that both sides connecting rod 12 applyed in the removal process, make lower piston 10 can not take place to deflect, afterwards, lower piston 10 drives upper piston 6 through evenly distributed's elastic component 9 and removes, make upper piston 6 receive the even vertically power that elastic component 9 applyed in the course of the work, avoid upper piston 6 to take place to deflect, and then reduce the wearing and tearing between piston and the cylinder 1 lateral wall, avoid the frictional heat between the two to increase.

Wherein, the movable mounting all around of upper piston 6 has last gyro wheel 7, and the movable mounting all around of lower piston 10 has lower gyro wheel 11, and through the setting of last gyro wheel 7 with lower gyro wheel 11 for they are at the in-process that removes, become rolling friction by sliding friction between its side and the cylinder 1 lateral wall, and then further reduce the wearing and tearing between piston and the cylinder 1 lateral wall, avoid the friction heat between the two to increase.

Wherein, go up the lateral wall in close contact with of gyro wheel 7 and cylinder 1, lower gyro wheel 11 and cylinder 1's lateral wall in close contact with, and then avoid going up piston 6 at work, the gas in the cylinder 1 flows out through the gap between last gyro wheel 7 and the cylinder 1 lateral wall, influences follow-up refrigeration operation, simultaneously through the in close contact with of last gyro wheel 7 with lower gyro wheel 11 and cylinder 1 lateral wall for enclose into the enclosure space between last piston 6 and the lower piston 10, the convenient follow-up operation of breathing in goes on.

Wherein, the position that is located upper roller 7 one side in upper piston 6 has ball 8 movably mounted, and the position that is located lower roller 11 one side in lower piston 10 has ball 8 movably mounted, makes upper roller 7 and lower roller 11 more level and smooth when rotating through ball 8, and then reduces wearing and tearing between them.

Wherein, each side of the periphery of the lower piston 10 is provided with two lower rollers 11, a certain gap is formed between the two lower rollers 11, so that when the lower piston 10 is driven by the connecting rod 12 to move downwards, because the upper piston 6 pushes steam to be discharged, negative pressure suction force exists between the upper piston 6 and the top cover of the cylinder 1 at the moment, when the lower piston 10 moves downwards, the upper piston 6 is temporarily kept at the current position, then the lower piston 10 moves downwards, external air is sucked into a closed space enclosed by the upper piston 6 and the lower piston 10 through the gap, because a certain volume of gas exists between the upper piston and the lower piston, the distance between the upper piston and the lower piston is increased, when the lower piston 10 is pushed by the connecting rod 12 to move upwards and reach the limit position, the upper piston 6 can run in the cylinder 1 for a longer distance, further, the gap between the top of the upper piston 6 and the top cover of the cylinder 1 is reduced, and the compression efficiency and the compression ratio of the compressor are improved, meanwhile, the sucked air can play a certain cooling role in the lubricating oil between the piston and the side wall of the cylinder 1, so that the phenomenon of carbon deposition caused by overheating of the lubricating oil is avoided, and further the abrasion between the piston and the side wall of the cylinder 1 is increased.

Wherein, a magnetic slide plate 15 is movably arranged at a position between two lower rollers 11 in the lower piston 10, one end of the magnetic slide plate 15 is in a trapezoidal structure, a magnetic part 16 is fixedly arranged in the inner wall of the lower side of the cylinder 1, the magnetic part 16 and the magnetic slide plate 15 are opposite poles, when the lower piston 10 moves down to the position of the magnetic part 16, the magnetic slide plate 15 and the magnetic part 16 are attracted, and further the pore between the lower rollers 11 is closed, so that the gas is stopped from entering the closed space, then, the lower piston 10 moves down continuously, and the upper piston 6 moves down through the force provided by the elastic part 9 and the gas in the closed space, and further, the force applied by the elastic part 9 is small, so that the upper piston 6 can not run smoothly, afterwards, when the upper piston 6 runs to the limit position in the upward movement operation, the upper piston and the lower piston extrude the gas in the closed space, because one end of the magnetic slide plate 15 is in a trapezoidal structure, the extruded gas can apply thrust to the trapezoidal end of the magnetic sliding plate 15, so that the magnetic sliding plate 15 retracts, the gap between the lower rollers 11 is opened, the gas in the closed space is discharged, and the phenomenon that the upper piston 6 applies larger pressure to the top cover to damage the top cover is avoided.

The use method (working principle) of the invention is as follows:

when the device works, firstly, an air inlet 2 of the device is communicated with an exhaust pipeline of an evaporator, an air outlet 3 of the device is communicated with an air inlet pipeline of a condenser, then a motor drives a driving gear 14 to rotate, so that gears on two sides of a gear set 13 coaxially and reversely rotate, further, a corresponding connecting rod 12 is driven to symmetrically swing, the connecting rod 12 which symmetrically swings drives a lower piston 10 to vertically move downwards, the lower piston 10 can pull the upper piston 6 to move downwards through an elastic piece 9 in the downward moving process, the upper piston 6 moves downwards to generate suction, an air inlet valve 4 is opened, further, overheated low-pressure steam discharged by the evaporator enters a cylinder 1, then, the connecting rod 12 is driven by the gear set 13 to continuously swing, the lower piston 10 vertically moves upwards, the upper piston 6 is pushed to move upwards through the elastic piece 9 in the upward moving process of the lower piston 10, and the overheated steam of the cylinder 1 is gradually extruded in the upward moving process of the upper piston 6, the pressure of the superheated steam is increased, finally the gas outlet valve 5 is opened by the pressure, the high-pressure superheated steam is discharged into the condenser, then the lower piston 10 is pulled by the connecting rod 12 to move downwards again, the elastic part 9 is pulled to extend, the steam is discharged by pushing the upper piston 6, negative pressure suction force exists between the upper piston 6 and the top cover of the cylinder 1 at the moment, when the lower piston 10 moves downwards, the upper piston 6 is temporarily kept at the current position, when the lower piston 10 moves downwards, external air is sucked into a closed space formed by the upper piston 6 and the lower piston 10 through a gap between the lower rollers 11, the distance between the upper piston and the lower piston is increased due to a certain volume of gas existing between the upper piston and the lower piston, when the lower piston 10 moves downwards to the position of the magnetic part 16, the magnetic sliding plate 15 is attracted with the magnetic part 16, the gap between the lower rollers 11 is closed, and the gas is stopped from entering the closed space, then, the lower piston 10 moves downwards continuously, the upper piston 6 moves downwards by the force provided by the elastic element 9 and the gas in the closed space, the superheated steam in the evaporator is extracted to enter the cylinder 1, after extraction is finished, the connecting rod 12 drives the lower piston 10 to move upwards, when the connecting rod 12 pushes the lower piston 10 to move upwards and reach the limit position, the upper piston 6 can move farther in the cylinder 1 due to the increase of the distance between the upper piston and the lower piston, so as to reduce the gap between the top of the upper piston 6 and the top cover of the cylinder 1, and then, a small part of steam still exists between the upper piston 6 and the top cover of the cylinder 1, so that when the upper piston 6 moves upwards to a certain position, the upper piston 6 stops moving upwards due to the pressure of the residual steam, the gas between the upper piston 6 and the lower piston 10 is pushed by the connecting rod 12, so as to extrude the gas between the upper piston and the lower piston, and the extruded gas can apply thrust to the trapezoidal end of the magnetic sliding plate 15, the magnetic slide 15 is retracted to open the gap between the lower rollers 11, and the gas in the enclosed space is exhausted, which is a work cycle.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a special cold storage plant of boats and ships, includes cylinder (1), air inlet (2), gas outlet (3), admission valve (4) and air outlet valve (5), its characterized in that: the cylinder (1) is of a square structure, an upper piston (6) is slidably mounted in an inner cavity of the cylinder (1), the lower surface of the upper piston (6) is fixedly connected with one end of an elastic piece (9), a lower piston (10) is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the cylinder (1) at the position on the lower side of the upper piston (6), the upper surface of the lower piston (10) is fixedly connected with the other end of the elastic piece (9), the elastic piece (9) is uniformly distributed between the upper piston (6) and the lower piston (10), connecting rods (12) are hinged to two sides of the lower surface of the lower piston (10), the other end of each connecting rod (12) is hinged to the side face of a gear on one side of a gear set (13), the gear sets (13) are coaxially symmetrical gear sets, the gear sets (13) are arranged at the position below the cylinder (1), a driving gear (14) is arranged below the gear sets (13), the gear set (13) is meshed with the driving gear (14).

2. A cold storage unit for a ship according to claim 1, wherein: the upper piston is characterized in that upper rollers (7) are movably mounted on the periphery of the upper piston (6), and lower rollers (11) are movably mounted on the periphery of the lower piston (10).

3. A cold storage unit for a ship according to claim 2, wherein: the upper roller (7) is in close contact with the side wall of the cylinder (1), and the lower roller (11) is in close contact with the side wall of the cylinder (1).

4. A cold storage unit for a ship according to claim 1, wherein: the inner portion of the upper piston (6) is movably provided with a ball (8) at the position on one side of the upper roller (7), and the inner portion of the lower piston (10) is movably provided with a ball (8) at the position on one side of the lower roller (11).

5. A cold storage unit for a ship according to claim 1, wherein: each side of the periphery of the lower piston (10) is provided with two lower rollers (11), and a certain gap is formed between the two lower rollers (11).

6. A cold storage unit for a ship according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic sliding plate (15) is movably mounted at a position, located between the two lower rollers (11), inside the lower piston (10), one end of the magnetic sliding plate (15) is of a trapezoidal structure, a magnetic part (16) is fixedly mounted in the inner wall of the lower side of the cylinder (1), and the magnetic part (16) and the magnetic sliding plate (15) are attracted in a heteropolar mode.