CN113581357B

CN113581357B - Driving device for electric tricycle

Info

Publication number: CN113581357B
Application number: CN202111026644.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李少波; 张钧星; 李梦晗; 苏援农; 周鹏; 吴封斌; 魏仁义
Original assignee: Guizhou University
Current assignee: Guizhou University
Priority date: 2021-09-02
Filing date: 2021-09-02
Publication date: 2023-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-02
Also published as: CN113581357A

Abstract

The invention discloses a driving device for an electric tricycle, which comprises a motor, a gearbox, a rear axle housing and two hubs, wherein the motor is fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox, the lower part of the gearbox is embedded into the rear axle housing and is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the gearbox, each hub is connected to the output end of the gearbox in the rear axle housing through a transmission shaft, a brake disc which is integrally cast with the hub is arranged on each hub, two bridge pipes are fixedly connected to two ends of the rear axle housing, each transmission shaft is arranged in each bridge pipe and is rotatably connected with each bridge pipe, a motor shaft of the motor is rotatably connected onto the motor housing through two bearings, a bearing outer ring of one end, extending out of the motor housing, of the motor shaft protrudes out of one half of the surface of the motor housing, and the protruding half of the bearing is embedded into a limit groove of the gearbox. The motor and the gear box have better positioning precision, the coaxiality of the bearing and the motor shaft is better, the precision of the matching position of the gear at the inner end of the motor shaft is higher after the assembly, the structures of the motor shell and the gear box shell are greatly simplified, and the manufacturing cost is lower.

Description

Driving device for electric tricycle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric tricycles, and relates to a driving device for an electric tricycle.

Background

The electric tricycle is one of main transportation tools, can carry goods and passengers, is widely used in China, and has the characteristics of simple structure, mature technology, flexibility, maneuverability, convenience in use and the like. The existing electric tricycle adopts a motor to connect a gearbox to drive a rear axle transmission shaft to rotate, a gear is directly arranged on a motor shaft of the motor, when the motor is connected to the gearbox, the motor needs to be positioned and locked by screws by means of arranging a positioning ring on the end face of the motor shaft to be embedded into a groove on the end face of a connecting end of the gearbox, the positioning connection structure is complex, the positioning precision is difficult to control, and the position of the motor shaft inserted into the gearbox can deviate.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, a driving device for an electric tricycle is provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a drive arrangement for electric tricycle, which comprises a motor, the gearbox, rear-axle housing and wheel hub, motor fixed connection is at the input of gearbox, just rather than up end fixed connection in the embedding rear-axle housing of gearbox lower part, wheel hub adopts two, every wheel hub is connected to the output of gearbox in the rear-axle housing through the transmission shaft, be provided with the brake disc on the wheel hub, two bridge pipes of rear-axle housing both ends fixedly connected with, place in the bridge pipe in the every transmission shaft and rather than swivelling joint, the motor shaft of motor is through two bearing swivelling joints on the motor casing, the motor shaft stretches out half of bearing inner race protrusion motor casing surface of motor casing one end, half of bearing protrusion part imbeds the spacing inslot of gearbox.

Preferably, the rear axle housing is of a large disc structure, two ends of the rear axle housing are in smooth transition and then are connected with two axle pipes and communicated with the inside of the rear axle housing, a dome-shaped cavity portion which is downward convex is arranged at the bottom of the rear axle housing, the rear axle housing is of an integrated structure which is formed by one-step casting, a flange plate connected with a gearbox is arranged on the upper side of the rear axle housing, and stepped holes embedded into the axle pipes are formed in the two ends of the rear axle housing.

Preferably, the inner end of the hub is provided with a brake disc of a pouring integrated structure, a plurality of connecting holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the hub, the brake disc right opposite to the connecting holes is provided with mounting through holes, and the diameter of each mounting through hole is larger than the diameter of the head of a screw used by the corresponding connecting hole.

Preferably, the brake disc is provided with a plurality of lightening holes, and the damping holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the end face of the brake disc.

Preferably, a reinforcing rib is arranged between the brake disc and the connecting end of the hub.

Preferably, the hub is of a circular ring structure, and the connecting hole is formed in the convex connecting cantilever end of the hub connecting end.

Preferably, the screw and the connecting hole are in tight fit.

Preferably, the disc brake mechanism paired with the brake disc is mounted on the bridge pipe.

Preferably, one end of each transmission shaft extends into the gearbox and is rotatably connected to the gearbox through an inner end bearing, and the outer end of each transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the bridge pipe through an outer end bearing.

Preferably, above-mentioned gearbox is including setting up the driving gear at motor shaft end portion, driven gear, the gear shaft, ring gear and ring gear case, driven gear fixed connection is on the gear shaft and mesh mutually with the driving gear, gear shaft both ends swivelling joint is on the gear box body, the gear and the ring gear mesh of gear shaft, ring gear fixed connection is on the ring gear case, the internal fixedly connected with initiative bevel gear shaft of ring gear, two initiative bevel gear of initiative bevel gear shaft both ends fixedly connected with, the meshing of initiative bevel gear both sides has two driven bevel gear, two driven bevel gear fixed connection are on the transmission shaft, ring gear case both ends are passed through inner bearing swivelling joint and are located the transmission shaft and stretch into ring gear case department on the gearbox.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:

(1) The bearing near the outer end of the motor shaft protrudes out of the motor shell, the protruding part is used for positioning the motor and the gearbox, the bearing precision is high, the positioning precision is better, the coaxiality of the bearing and the motor shaft is better, the precision of the gear matching position of the inner end of the motor shaft is higher after the assembly, a positioning ring and a positioning groove are not needed to be arranged, the structures of the motor shell and the gearbox shell are greatly simplified, and the manufacturing cost is lower;

(2) The rear axle housing is integrally formed by casting, so that the cost is greatly reduced, casting forming is realized, the size can be smaller, the lightweight design of the tricycle is convenient to realize, and the cast disc-shaped structure and the dome-shaped bottom of the disc-shaped structure are better in strength and rigidity on one hand, and the dome-shaped slope structure at the bottom plays a role in buffering load, so that the damage caused by hard collision is avoided, and the service life is prolonged;

(3) The existing tricycle hub and brake disc adopt a split structure, the hub is connected with a wheel rim through bolts, the bolts can be influenced by the distance between the brake disc and the hub when penetrating through the hub, the distance needs to be increased to meet the penetrating of the bolts, so that the structure is large, heavy and high in cost, the split structure is easy to fail at the joint, and the safety and reliability are poor; the structure is also convenient for installing the disc brake device, and the brake effect is better;

(4) The weight reduction holes are arranged, so that the overall weight of the tricycle can be reduced under the action of ensuring the rigidity and the strength of the brake disc, the assembly is convenient, and the cost is lower during casting molding;

(5) The reinforcing ribs are arranged, so that the rigidity and stability of the hub and the brake disc can be improved;

(6) The cantilever end connection is adopted, so that the structure is simplified, the cost is lower, and the connection stability is good;

(7) The tight fit is adopted, so that the positioning of the screw is facilitated, and the connection stability is better;

(8) A disc brake mechanism is arranged on the axle housing to directly brake the disc brake, so that the brake stability is good;

(9) The transmission shaft is rotatably supported by the two bearings, the inner end bearing is directly installed in the gearbox, so that a bevel gear cantilever connected with the inner end of the transmission shaft is shorter in distance, the two bearings are supported, the support is more reasonable, the coaxial installation is facilitated, the installation precision is ensured, and after the distance between the bevel gear and a bearing supporting point is shorter, the bevel gear is prevented from swinging in the high-speed rotating process, the damage probability of the bevel gear is reduced, and the noise is reduced;

(10) The gear box structure has the advantages of accurate and stable transmission, multi-stage speed change, large power and convenient climbing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a driving device

FIG. 2 is a front view of the driving device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the driving device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of C-C in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a motor-coupled transmission;

FIG. 6 is a left side view schematic diagram of the motor-coupled transmission;

FIG. 7 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view of the structure A-A in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a front view of the motor coupling gearbox;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the ring gear connection;

FIG. 11 is a front view of the tooth ring connection

FIG. 12 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of an integrated three-dimensional structure of a hub brake pad;

FIG. 15 is a schematic left view of the integrated structure of the hub brake pad;

FIG. 16 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a half-bridge three-dimensional structure;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a half bridge left view configuration;

FIG. 19 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a schematic sectional view of B-B of FIG. 19.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-20, a driving device for an electric tricycle, includes a motor 1, a transmission case 2, a rear axle housing 3 and wheel hubs 4, the motor 1 is fixedly connected to an input end of the transmission case 2, a lower portion of the transmission case 2 is embedded into the rear axle housing 3 and fixedly connected to an upper end face thereof, the wheel hubs 4 are double-wheel hubs, each wheel hub 4 is connected to an output end of the transmission case 2 in the rear axle housing 3 through a transmission shaft 12, the wheel hubs 4 are sleeved behind a step end of the transmission shaft 12, the inside is located in a key ring direction, an end portion is locked by a lock nut 5, a brake disc 16 is arranged on the wheel hubs 4, two ends of the rear axle housing 3 are fixedly connected with two axle tubes 7, each transmission shaft 12 is arranged in the axle tube 7 and rotatably connected to the axle tube, a motor shaft 8 of the motor 1 is rotatably connected to the motor housing 10 through two bearings 9, an outer ring of the motor shaft 8 extending out of one end of the motor housing 10 protrudes a half of the surface of the motor housing 10, and a protruding half portion of the bearing 9 is embedded into a limit groove 11 of the transmission case 2; the bearing that adopts to lean on the motor shaft outer end bulges motor housing, is used for the position of positioning motor and gearbox with the bulge, and the bearing precision is high, and positioning accuracy is better, and the bearing is better with the axiality of motor shaft moreover, and the gear cooperation position precision of assembly back motor shaft inner is higher, need not to set up holding ring and positioning groove, and motor housing and gearbox shell structure simplify greatly, and the cost of manufacture is lower.

Aiming at the existing welded two half-shell and bottom cover structures, the two half-shell and bottom cover structures are formed by stamping and welding three stamping parts and are high in production cost, the rear axle housing formed by stamping the stamping structure is large in size and cannot be stamped due to too small size, in the invention, the rear axle housing 3 is of a large disc structure, two ends of the rear axle housing are connected with two axle tubes 7 after being in smooth transition and are communicated with the inside of the rear axle housing, a downward convex dome-shaped cavity part 13 is arranged at the bottom of the rear axle housing, the rear axle housing 3 is of an integrated structure formed by one-step casting, a flange plate 14 connected with a gearbox 2 is arranged on the upper side of the rear axle housing 3, and step holes 15 embedded into the axle tubes 7 are arranged at two ends of the rear axle housing.

Aiming at the problems that the conventional tricycle hub and brake disc adopt a split structure, the hub is connected with a wheel rim by bolts, the bolts can be influenced by the distance between the brake disc and the hub when penetrating through the hub, and the distance needs to be increased to meet the penetrating of the bolts, so that the structure is large, heavy and high in cost, the split structure is easy to fail at the joint, and the safety and reliability are poor, and the conventional tricycle is difficult to use a disc brake device because the hub is connected with a large brake disc; the structure is convenient for installing the disc brake device, and the brake effect is better.

The brake disc 16 is provided with the plurality of lightening holes 20, the damping holes 20 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the end face of the brake disc 16, and the lightening holes are formed, so that the overall weight of the tricycle can be reduced under the action of ensuring the rigidity and the strength of the brake disc, the tricycle is convenient to assemble, and the cost is lower during casting molding.

In order to increase the rigidity and stability of the hub and the brake disc, reinforcing ribs 21 are provided between the ends of the brake disc 16 connected to the hub 4.

The hub 4 is of a circular ring structure, the connecting hole 17 is formed in the convex connecting cantilever end 22 of the connecting end of the hub 4, the connecting cantilever end is adopted for connection, the structure is simplified, the cost is lower, and the connection stability is good.

The screw 19 is in tight fit with the connecting hole 17, and is convenient to position and better in connection stability due to the tight fit.

The above-mentioned dish that pairs with brake disc 16 mechanism 23 of stopping installs on bridge pipe 7 through bedplate 6, adopts the dish to stop on the mechanism installation axle housing, directly brakes the dish to the dish, and brake stability is good.

Preferably, 12 one end of above-mentioned every transmission shaft stretches into in the gearbox 2 through inner bearing 24 swivelling joint to gearbox 2 on, the outer end is through outer end bearing 25 swivelling joint to the axle tube 7 on, adopt two bearing swivelling joint transmission shafts, inner bearing direct mount is in the gearbox, make the bevel gear cantilever distance of the inner connection of transmission shaft shorter, two bearing support, it is more reasonable to support, the coaxial arrangement of also being convenient for, ensure the installation accuracy, bevel gear leans on bearing support point distance after shorter, at the high-speed rotatory in-process of bevel gear, avoid whipping, reduce bevel gear damage probability, and the noise reduces.

Preferably, the gearbox 2 includes a driving gear 26 disposed at an end of the motor shaft 8, a driven gear 27, a gear shaft 28, a gear ring 29 and a gear ring box 30, the driven gear 27 is fixedly connected to the gear shaft 28 and engaged with the driving gear 26, two ends of the gear shaft 28 are rotatably connected to the gear box 31, a gear portion 32 of the gear shaft 28 is engaged with the gear ring 29, the gear ring 29 is fixedly connected to the gear ring box 30, a driving bevel gear shaft 35 is fixedly connected to the inside of the gear ring box 30, two ends of the driving bevel gear shaft 35 are fixedly connected to two driving bevel gears 33, two sides of the driving bevel gears 33 are engaged with two driven bevel gears 34, the two driven bevel gears 34 are fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 12, two ends of the gear ring box 30 are rotatably connected to the gearbox 2 through an inner end bearing 24 and are located at a position where the transmission shaft 12 extends into the gear ring box 30, and the gearbox structure is characterized by accurate and stable transmission, multi-stage speed change, large power and convenient for climbing.

The driving device has the following advantages:

(1) The bearing near the outer end of the motor shaft is adopted to protrude out of the motor shell, the protruding part is used for positioning the motor and the gearbox, the bearing precision is high, the positioning precision is better, the coaxiality of the bearing and the motor shaft is better, the precision of the matching position of the gear at the inner end of the motor shaft after assembly is higher, a positioning ring and a positioning groove are not needed, the structures of the motor shell and the gearbox shell are greatly simplified, and the manufacturing cost is lower;

(2) The existing welded two half shells and bottom cover structures are formed by adopting three stamping parts and plates after stamping and then welding, the production cost is high, the size of the rear axle housing formed after stamping of the stamping structure is large, and stamping cannot be completed due to too small size;

(3) The existing tricycle hub and brake disc adopt a split structure, the hub is connected with a wheel rim through bolts, the bolts can be influenced by the distance between the brake disc and the hub when penetrating through the hub, the distance needs to be increased to meet the penetrating of the bolts, so that the structure is large, heavy in weight and high in cost, the split structure is easy to fail at the joint, and the safety and reliability are poor; the structure is convenient for installing the disc brake device, and the brake effect is better;

(5) The rigidity and stability of the hub and the brake disc can be improved by arranging the reinforcing ribs;

(10) The gear box structure has the advantages of accurate and stable transmission, multi-stage speed change, large power and convenience in climbing.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A drive device for an electric tricycle, characterized in that: the motor comprises a motor (1), a gearbox (2), a rear axle housing (3) and two wheel hubs (4), wherein the motor (1) is fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox (2), the lower part of the gearbox (2) is embedded into the rear axle housing (3) and is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the gearbox, the two wheel hubs (4) are adopted, each wheel hub (4) is connected to the output end of the gearbox (2) in the rear axle housing (3) through a transmission shaft (12), a brake disc (16) is arranged on each wheel hub (4), two bridge pipes (7) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the rear axle housing (3), each transmission shaft (12) is internally arranged in each bridge pipe (7) and is rotatably connected with the corresponding bridge pipe, a motor shaft (8) of the motor (1) is rotatably connected onto the motor housing (10) through two bearings (9), one end of the motor shaft (8) extends out of the motor housing (10), the outer ring of the bearing (9) protrudes out of one end of the motor housing (10) to be half of the surface of the motor housing (10), and the protruding half of the bearing (9) is embedded into a limiting groove (11) of the gearbox (2); rear-axle housing (3) are big disc structure, two bridge tubes (7) are connected and rather than inside intercommunication behind the both ends smooth transition, and the bottom is provided with convex dome form chamber portion (13) down, and rear-axle housing (3) are one-step casting's integral type structure, and rear-axle housing (3) upside is provided with ring flange (14) of connecting gearbox (2), and both ends are provided with step hole (15) of embedding bridge tube (7).

2. The drive device for the electric tricycle according to claim 1, wherein: the inner end of the hub (4) is provided with a brake disc (16) which is integrally cast with the hub, a plurality of connecting holes (17) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the hub (4), the brake disc (16) right opposite to the connecting holes (17) is provided with mounting through holes (18), and the diameter of each mounting through hole (18) is larger than the diameter of the head of a screw (19) used by the corresponding connecting hole.

3. The drive device for the electric tricycle according to claim 2, wherein: the brake disc (16) is provided with a plurality of lightening holes (20), and the damping holes (20) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the end face of the brake disc (16).

4. The drive device for the electric tricycle according to claim 2, wherein: reinforcing ribs (21) are arranged between the connecting ends of the brake disc (16) and the hub (4).

5. The drive device for the electric tricycle according to claim 2, wherein: the hub (4) is of a circular ring structure, and the connecting holes (17) are formed in the convex connecting cantilever end (22) of the connecting end of the hub (4).

6. The drive device for the electric tricycle according to claim 2, wherein: the screw (19) is tightly matched with the connecting hole (17).

7. The drive device for the electric tricycle according to claim 2, wherein: a disc brake mechanism (23) matched with the brake disc (16) is arranged on the bridge pipe (7).

8. The drive device for the electric tricycle according to claim 1, wherein: one end of each transmission shaft (12) extends into the gearbox (2) and is rotatably connected to the gearbox (2) through an inner end bearing (24), and the outer end of each transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the bridge pipe (7) through an outer end bearing (25).

9. The drive device for the electric tricycle according to claim 1, wherein: gearbox (2) is including setting up driving gear (26) at motor shaft (8) tip, driven gear (27), gear shaft (28), ring gear (29) and ring gear case (30), driven gear (27) fixed connection just meshes with driving gear (26) on gear shaft (28), gear shaft (28) both ends swivelling joint is on gear case body (31), gear (32) and ring gear (29) of gear shaft (28) mesh mutually, ring gear (29) fixed connection is on ring gear case (30), fixedly connected with initiative bevel gear axle (35) in ring gear case (30), two initiative bevel gear (33) of initiative bevel gear axle (35) both ends fixedly connected with, meshing of initiative bevel gear (33) both sides has two driven bevel gear (34), two driven bevel gear (34) fixed connection is on transmission shaft (12), ring gear case (30) both ends are passed through inner bearing (24) swivelling joint and are located transmission shaft (12) and stretch into ring gear case (30) department on gearbox (2).