CN113580294A - Preparation method of environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard - Google Patents
Preparation method of environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard Download PDFInfo
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- CN113580294A CN113580294A CN202110985106.1A CN202110985106A CN113580294A CN 113580294 A CN113580294 A CN 113580294A CN 202110985106 A CN202110985106 A CN 202110985106A CN 113580294 A CN113580294 A CN 113580294A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/0228—Spraying apparatus, e.g. tunnels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/18—Compounds of alkaline earth metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/20—Compounds of alkali metals or ammonium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/22—Compounds of zinc or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/26—Compounds of iron, aluminium, or chromium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/32—Mixtures of different inorganic impregnating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/36—Aliphatic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/003—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by using electromagnetic radiation or mechanical waves
- B27K5/0055—Radio-waves, e.g. microwaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of an environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard, and belongs to the technical field of decorative materials. The invention takes magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate as raw materials, rare earth and diatomite are doped, the diatomite deposited with the layered structure magnesium aluminum hydroxide is prepared by a coprecipitation method, the layered structure is bridged by the diatomite to play a role in blocking, the pores on the surface of a carbon layer formed in the combustion process are reduced, better barrier effect is exerted, the further entry and release of combustible gas and oxygen are blocked, simultaneously, the flame retardant has effective smoke suppression effect by cooperating with rare earth elements, effectively improves the flame retardant property of the fiber board by cooperating with flame retardant, and plays a role in reducing smoke and heat release in the combustion process, meanwhile, the diatomite has the functions of dehumidifying, deodorizing, purifying indoor air and the like, and the diatomite is used as an additive to manufacture the fiberboard which has light weight, flame retardance and capability of reducing indoor toxic gas, so that the artificial board has new functions of flame retardance, low formaldehyde release and indoor environment adjustment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of an environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard, and belongs to the technical field of decorative materials.
Background
Along with the rapid development of society, the demand of human beings is higher and higher, more and more wood-based boards are moved to people, but the problems of forest resource shortage and formaldehyde release from boards are brought, meanwhile, as wood materials, the wood-based boards have inevitable inflammability, and the fire accidents are serious to harm the personal safety,
the same fire retarding mechanism is achieved by applying fire retardant or some non-combustible substances, namely, by chemical method or physical method, the required condition of the wood material during burning is reduced, the burning process is hindered, and the purpose of fire retarding is achieved. Therefore, the differences of the flame retardant addition mode, the treatment stage and the treatment mode have certain influence on the flame retardance, the mechanical property and other properties of the board, and the quality of the existing board cannot achieve the purpose of flame retardance, so that the research and exploration of the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard has good prospects.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems of flammability and potential safety hazard of the original ecological wood material fiberboard, the preparation method of the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
(1) completely immersing diatomite in water, adding 10% by mass of lanthanum nitrate and 15% by mass of zinc sulfate, uniformly stirring, filtering, drying, calcining, grinding and sieving to obtain 300-500-mesh powder;
(2) adding magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate into deionized water for dissolving, then respectively adding the 300-500 mesh powder and urea, uniformly stirring, then adjusting the pH to 11-12 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 5%, precipitating, standing, filtering, drying, and then transferring into a muffle furnace for calcining for 3-4 hours to obtain an inorganic flame-retardant material;
(3) uniformly mixing an inorganic flame-retardant material and water according to a mass ratio of 1:50, injecting the mixture into a reaction kettle with a pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa, and heating to 150-180 ℃;
(4) soaking the wood fiberboard in a mixed solution of 10% by mass of copper sulfate and 15% by mass of zinc sulfate for 36 hours, then sequentially naturally airing and drying the wood fiberboard, and finally drying the wood fiberboard until the water content is 3-5%, and then performing microwave puffing treatment for 30-50 min to obtain a pretreated wood fiberboard;
(5) hanging the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a steam chamber through transmission, opening a jet valve of a pressure reaction kettle, carrying out omnibearing jet on the board aiming at the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a mixed solution of 15% by mass of copper sulfate and 20% by mass of zinc sulfate through transmission after the jet is finished, soaking the board for 36 hours, taking out the board, naturally drying the board, and finally trimming, polishing and grading the board to obtain the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiber board.
The diatomite, the lanthanum nitrate and the zinc sulfate in the step (1) are calculated according to the parts by weight: 30-50 parts of diatomite, 0.5-1.5 parts of lanthanum nitrate and 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate.
The weight parts of the magnesium nitrate, the aluminum nitrate and the deionized water in the step (2) are 80-120 parts of magnesium nitrate, 40-50 parts of aluminum nitrate and 300-400 parts of deionized water.
And (3) heating to 500-600 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere in the calcining process of the step (2) and calcining for 3-4 h.
And (4) heating the puffing treatment process to 150-180 ℃ by using 200W microwaves.
Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) according to the invention, magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate are used as raw materials, rare earth and diatomite are doped, the diatomite deposited with layered structure magnesium aluminum hydroxide is prepared by a coprecipitation method, the diatomite bridges the layered structure to play a role in blocking, so that pores on the surface of a carbon layer formed in the combustion process are reduced, a better barrier effect is exerted, combustible gas and oxygen are prevented from further entering and releasing, meanwhile, the diatomite is cooperated with rare earth elements to play an effective smoke suppression effect, and is cooperated with a flame retardant to retard flame, so that the flame retardant property of the fiberboard is effectively improved, and the smoke and heat release is reduced in the combustion process;
(2) according to the invention, copper sulfate and zinc sulfate have anticorrosion and flame retardant properties, the wood fiberboard is soaked in the solution, surface treatment and drying are carried out, the water content is reduced to be extremely low, then microwave expansion is carried out, the wood fiberboard is cracked and is fully distributed with fiber pores, and the composite flame retardant is atomized under high temperature and pressure and is sprayed into the fiber pores;
(3) the diatomite has the characteristics of non-combustibility, sound insulation, water resistance, light weight, heat insulation and the like, and also has the effects of dehumidification, deodorization, indoor air purification and the like, and the diatomite is taken as an additive to manufacture the environment-friendly diatomite-based medium-density fiberboard with the advantages of light weight, flame retardance, reduction of indoor toxic gases and the like, so that the artificial board is endowed with new flame retardance, low formaldehyde release and new function of adjusting the indoor environment, can digest newly generated secondary and tertiary diatomite, and has important practical significance on resource conservation, comprehensive utilization, ecological environment protection and the like;
(4) compared with the traditional flame retardant melamine phosphate, the mesoporous magnesium aluminum oxide substance deposited on the surface of the diatomite has the effect of insulating temperature, further inhibits the combustion of the wood fiberboard, is atomized and sprayed into the wood fiberboard at high temperature and high pressure, and is subjected to hot press molding by adopting an adhesive compared with the adhesive on the market, so that the release of harmful substances such as formaldehyde and the like is avoided.
Detailed Description
The composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of diatomite, 0.5-1.5 parts of lanthanum nitrate, 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 80-120 parts of magnesium nitrate, 40-50 parts of aluminum nitrate and 300-400 parts of deionized water;
(1) completely immersing diatomite in water, adding 10% by mass of lanthanum nitrate and 15% by mass of zinc sulfate, uniformly stirring, filtering, drying, calcining, grinding and sieving to obtain 300-500-mesh powder;
(2) adding magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate into deionized water for dissolving, then respectively adding the 300-500 mesh powder and urea, uniformly stirring, then adjusting the pH to 11-12 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 5%, precipitating, standing, filtering, drying, transferring into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, raising the temperature to 500-600 ℃ by a program, and calcining for 3-4 hours to obtain an inorganic flame-retardant material;
(3) uniformly mixing an inorganic flame-retardant material and water according to a mass ratio of 1:50, injecting the mixture into a reaction kettle with a pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa, and heating to 150-180 ℃;
(4) soaking the wood fiberboard in a mixed solution of 10 mass percent of copper sulfate and 15 mass percent of zinc sulfate for 36 hours, then naturally airing and drying the wood fiberboard in sequence, finally drying the wood fiberboard until the water content is 3-5%, heating the wood fiberboard to 150-180 ℃ by using 200W microwaves, and performing swelling treatment for 30-50 min to obtain a pretreated wood fiberboard;
(5) hanging the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a steam chamber through transmission, opening a jet valve of a pressure reaction kettle, carrying out omnibearing jet on the board aiming at the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a mixed solution of 15% by mass of copper sulfate and 20% by mass of zinc sulfate through transmission after the jet is finished, soaking the board for 36 hours, taking out the board, naturally drying the board, and finally trimming, polishing and grading the board to obtain the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiber board.
Example 1
(1) The composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of diatomite, 1.0 part of lanthanum nitrate, 2.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 100 parts of magnesium nitrate, 45 parts of aluminum nitrate and 350 parts of deionized water;
(2) completely immersing diatomite in water, adding 10% by mass of lanthanum nitrate and 15% by mass of zinc sulfate, uniformly stirring, filtering, drying, calcining, grinding and sieving to obtain 400-mesh powder;
(3) adding magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate into deionized water for dissolving, then respectively adding the powder of 450 meshes and urea, uniformly stirring, then adjusting the pH to 11.5 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 5%, precipitating, standing, filtering, drying, then transferring into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, raising the temperature to 550 ℃ by program, and calcining for 3.5 hours to obtain an inorganic flame-retardant material;
(4) uniformly mixing the inorganic flame-retardant material and water according to the mass ratio of 1:50, injecting the mixture into a 0.7MPa pressure reaction kettle, and heating to 170 ℃;
(5) soaking the wood fiberboard in a mixed solution of 10 mass percent of copper sulfate and 15 mass percent of zinc sulfate for 36 hours, then naturally airing and drying the wood fiberboard in sequence, finally drying the wood fiberboard until the water content is 4%, heating the wood fiberboard to 170 ℃ by using 200W microwaves, and performing puffing treatment for 45min to obtain a pretreated wood fiberboard;
(6) hanging the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a steam chamber through transmission, opening a jet valve of a pressure reaction kettle, carrying out omnibearing jet on the board aiming at the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a mixed solution of 15% by mass of copper sulfate and 20% by mass of zinc sulfate through transmission after the jet is finished, soaking the board for 36 hours, taking out the board, naturally drying the board, and finally trimming, polishing and grading the board to obtain the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiber board.
Example 2
(1) The composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of diatomite, 0.5 part of lanthanum nitrate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate and 300 parts of deionized water;
(2) completely immersing diatomite in water, adding 10% by mass of lanthanum nitrate and 15% by mass of zinc sulfate, uniformly stirring, filtering, drying, calcining, grinding and sieving to obtain 300-mesh powder;
(3) adding the 300-mesh powder into deionized water and urea, uniformly stirring, then adjusting the pH to 11 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 5%, precipitating, standing, filtering, drying, then transferring into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, raising the temperature to 500 ℃ by a program, and calcining for 3 hours to obtain an inorganic flame-retardant material;
(4) uniformly mixing the inorganic flame-retardant material and water according to the mass ratio of 1:50, injecting the mixture into a 0.5MPa pressure reaction kettle, and heating to 150 ℃;
(5) soaking the wood fiberboard in a mixed solution of 10 mass percent of copper sulfate and 15 mass percent of zinc sulfate for 36 hours, then naturally airing and drying the wood fiberboard in sequence, finally drying the wood fiberboard until the water content is 3%, heating the wood fiberboard to 150 ℃ by using 200W microwaves, and performing puffing treatment for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated wood fiberboard;
(6) hanging the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a steam chamber through transmission, opening a jet valve of a pressure reaction kettle, carrying out omnibearing jet on the board aiming at the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a mixed solution of 15% by mass of copper sulfate and 20% by mass of zinc sulfate through transmission after the jet is finished, soaking the board for 36 hours, taking out the board, naturally drying the board, and finally trimming, polishing and grading the board to obtain the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiber board.
Example 3
(1) The composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of diatomite, 1.5 parts of lanthanum nitrate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 120 parts of magnesium nitrate, 50 parts of aluminum nitrate and 400 parts of deionized water;
(2) completely immersing diatomite in water, adding 10% by mass of lanthanum nitrate and 15% by mass of zinc sulfate, uniformly stirring, filtering, drying, calcining, grinding and sieving to obtain 500-mesh powder;
(3) adding magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate into deionized water for dissolving, then respectively adding the 500-mesh powder and urea, uniformly stirring, then adjusting the pH to 12 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 5%, precipitating, standing, filtering, drying, then transferring into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, raising the temperature to 600 ℃ by a program, and calcining for 4 hours to obtain an inorganic flame-retardant material;
(4) uniformly mixing the inorganic flame-retardant material and water according to the mass ratio of 1:50, injecting the mixture into a 0.8MPa pressure reaction kettle, and heating to 180 ℃;
(5) naturally airing and drying the wood fiberboard in sequence, finally drying until the water content is 5%, then heating to 180 ℃ by using 200W microwave, and performing puffing treatment for 50min to obtain a pretreated wood fiberboard;
(6) and (3) hanging the pretreated wood fiberboard, conveying the wood fiberboard into a steam chamber through transmission, opening a jet valve of a pressure reaction kettle, carrying out omnibearing jet on the pretreated wood fiberboard, taking out the wood fiberboard after jet is finished, naturally drying the wood fiberboard, and finally trimming, polishing and grading the wood fiberboard to obtain the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard.
Comparative example: melamine phosphate flame-retardant fiberboard.
The environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard of the examples and the comparative examples is detected, and the specific detection is as follows:
tensile strength: after 24 hours of moisture balance, the prepared medium-high density plant fiber board sample is sampled according to the standard ISO1924-2, and the sample with a flat surface and no mechanical damage is selected for testing.
Stiffness properties: the material stiffness performance was tested according to TAPPIT498cm-86 standard using TMI79-25 stiffness apparatus. The bending length tested was 50mm and the bending angle was 15 °.
Limited oxygen index testing the limit oxygen index was tested using a JF-3 type oxygen index tester according to GB/TF 2406.2-2009.
The specific test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 comparative table of property characterization
Compared with the example 2, in the example 1, due to the lack of the addition of magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate, mesoporous magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide substances cannot be generated, and diatom of layered magnesium aluminum hydroxide cannot be obtained, so that the elastic modulus of the prepared flame-retardant fiberboard is weakened, the stiffness is reduced, and the oxygen index is reduced; comparing example 1 with example 3, the wood fiberboard of example 3 is not soaked in the mixed solution of copper sulfate with a mass fraction of 10% and zinc sulfate with a mass fraction of 15% before spraying, the surface and the open pores of the wood fiberboard are not subjected to corrosion and temperature resistant treatment of the copper sulfate and the zinc sulfate, and after spraying, the wood fiberboard is not soaked in the mixed solution of copper sulfate with a mass fraction of 15% and zinc sulfate with a mass fraction of 20%, so that the prepared flame-retardant fiberboard has a slightly lower elastic modulus, and lower stiffness and oxidation index compared with example 1.
Compared with the comparative example 1 and the examples 1-3, the comparative example uses the traditional flame retardant melamine phosphate, and the adhesive is adopted for bonding and hot press molding in the process of the process, so that the prepared flame-retardant fiberboard can not reach the indexes of the flame-retardant fiberboard prepared by the method in the aspects of elastic modulus, stiffness, oxidation index and the like, and the release of harmful substances such as formaldehyde is larger, therefore, the fiberboard prepared by adding the diatomite can effectively adjust the indoor formaldehyde release amount, mainly plays a role of depositing mesoporous magnesium aluminum oxide substances on the surface of the diatomite, has an insulation temperature effect, can further inhibit the combustion of the wood fiberboard, is sprayed into the wood fiberboard by high-temperature high-pressure atomization, and is subjected to hot press molding compared with the adhesive adopted on the market, so that the release of the harmful substances such as formaldehyde is avoided.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) completely immersing diatomite in water, adding 10% by mass of lanthanum nitrate and 15% by mass of zinc sulfate, uniformly stirring, filtering, drying, calcining, grinding and sieving to obtain 300-500-mesh powder;
(2) adding magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate into deionized water for dissolving, then respectively adding the 300-500 mesh powder and urea, uniformly stirring, then adjusting the pH to 11-12 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 5%, precipitating, standing, filtering, drying, and then transferring into a muffle furnace for calcining for 3-4 hours to obtain an inorganic flame-retardant material;
(3) uniformly mixing an inorganic flame-retardant material and water according to a mass ratio of 1:50, injecting the mixture into a reaction kettle with a pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa, and heating to 150-180 ℃;
(4) soaking the wood fiberboard in a mixed solution of 10% by mass of copper sulfate and 15% by mass of zinc sulfate for 36 hours, then sequentially naturally airing and drying the wood fiberboard, and finally drying the wood fiberboard until the water content is 3-5%, and then performing microwave puffing treatment for 30-50 min to obtain a pretreated wood fiberboard;
(5) hanging the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a steam chamber through transmission, opening a jet valve of a pressure reaction kettle, carrying out omnibearing jet on the board aiming at the pretreated wood fiber board, conveying the board into a mixed solution of 15% by mass of copper sulfate and 20% by mass of zinc sulfate through transmission after the jet is finished, soaking the board for 36 hours, taking out the board, naturally drying the board, and finally trimming, polishing and grading the board to obtain the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiber board.
2. The preparation method of the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard of claim 1, wherein the diatomite, the lanthanum nitrate and the zinc sulfate are in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of diatomite, 0.5-1.5 parts of lanthanum nitrate and 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate.
3. The method for preparing the environment-friendly and flame-retardant fiberboard of claim 1, wherein the weight parts of the magnesium nitrate, the aluminum nitrate and the deionized water are 80-120 parts of magnesium nitrate, 40-50 parts of aluminum nitrate and 300-400 parts of deionized water.
4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard of claim 1, wherein the calcining process is heating to 500-600 ℃ for 3-4 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere.
5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly and flame-retardant fiberboard of claim 1, wherein the puffing process is performed by heating the fiberboard to 150-180 ℃ with 200W of microwave.
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| CN202110985106.1A CN113580294A (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2021-08-26 | Preparation method of environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard |
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| CN202110985106.1A Pending CN113580294A (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2021-08-26 | Preparation method of environment-friendly flame-retardant fiberboard |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115466519A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-13 | 浙江理工大学 | Keratin synergistic layered double-metal hydroxide nano flame retardant and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108994994A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-12-14 | 绿阳科技股份有限公司 | Wood preservation constituent and wood preservation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115466519A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-13 | 浙江理工大学 | Keratin synergistic layered double-metal hydroxide nano flame retardant and preparation method thereof |
| CN115466519B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江理工大学 | Keratin synergistic layered double hydroxide nano flame retardant and preparation method thereof |
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