CN113579856B - Positioning device with multi-coordinate fitting and measuring method - Google Patents
Positioning device with multi-coordinate fitting and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113579856B CN113579856B CN202110927388.XA CN202110927388A CN113579856B CN 113579856 B CN113579856 B CN 113579856B CN 202110927388 A CN202110927388 A CN 202110927388A CN 113579856 B CN113579856 B CN 113579856B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/22—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a positioning device and a measuring method for multi-coordinate fitting, wherein a tool coordinate system is used as an initial positioning coordinate system, a product coordinate system and a device coordinate system are combined in a measuring mode of a positioning device, a ball head, a positioning pin and a measuring head, a machined workpiece with a curved surface is directly brought into the tool coordinate system, and numerical control machining of the curved surface product is completed through the fitting coordinate system. The function that the positioning device can rotate along the A/C direction is utilized to make up the included angle between the positioning hole and the coordinate system, so that the positioning pin is vertically inserted into the positioning base at the top end of the positioning device after passing through the positioning hole. The method can be used for processing the curved surfaces of large parts such as the wings and the fuselage of the aircraft step by step, so that the time waste caused by the positioning and alignment of the traditional products is saved, and the digital processing capacity and efficiency are improved. Can be directly popularized to the numerical control processing field of curved surface products in other industries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aircraft component and assembly manufacturing in the aviation manufacturing industry, in particular to a positioning device and a measuring method for processing aircraft body curved surface skin components and assemblies.
Background
The aircraft skin serves to maintain the aircraft shape with good aerodynamic properties. After the aircraft skin bears aerodynamic action, acting force is transmitted to the connected fuselage wing skeleton, and the skin with complex stress is directly contacted with the outside, so that the skin material is required to have high strength and good plasticity, smooth surface and higher corrosion resistance.
The aircraft skin part has the characteristics of high shape precision and unequal thickness of cross sections, and comprises structural characteristics of surfaces, sags, through windows, holes and the like. Because the aircraft skin part structure is large and complex and has thin walls, the aircraft skin part structure has the problems of complex operation process, poor positioning precision, easy deformation in processing and the like in the processing process, and the aircraft skin part structure cannot meet the manufacturing process requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a positioning device and a measuring method for aircraft skin part machining. In the aircraft skin processing manufacturing process, the flexible clamping tool, the skin part and the multi-coordinate zero fitting of processing equipment are guaranteed, and the skin part is accurately processed.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a positioner of multi-coordinate fit, the base includes the base, the roating seat, the angle base, angle appearance and positioning base, the base is a circular rigid body, the upper end evenly distributed scale of its surface, the roating seat is located the base upper end, the lower extreme evenly distributed scale of its surface, the roating seat can rotate 360 around the base center, the angle along C to rotation angle accessible surface distribution's scale reads, the roating seat upper end is fixed with the angle base, the angle base is a concave rigid body, there is fan-shaped recess in the middle both sides of angle base, the scale of + -30 angle is carved with on the fan-shaped face of recess respectively, there is a logical axle to pass the angle base upper end, the angle appearance is a fan-shaped rigid body that has 60 scale to distribute, the angle appearance is concentric with the axle of angle base upper end, guarantee that the angle appearance can be rotated in + -30 angle around the epaxial axle on the angle base, a positioning base is fixed at the angle base top, the positioning base center is equipped with the recess of fixed measurement bulb.
The reference point of the processed workpiece is measured by using a positioning device, a flexible clamping tool and measuring equipment, wherein the measuring equipment comprises a measuring head, a processing end and gantry processing equipment, the measuring head is fixed on the lower top end of the processing end, and the processing end moves randomly along with the gantry processing equipment within the processing range of the equipment. The flexible clamping tool comprises a plurality of groups of lattice lifting positioning columns, a positioning foundation table and tool coordinate origin reference holes, wherein the positioning foundation table is used as a fixed reference of the flexible clamping tool and is fixed on the ground, the tool front end of the positioning foundation table is provided with the tool coordinate origin reference holes and is used as a theoretical reference hole of the flexible clamping tool, and the plurality of groups of lifting positioning columns are distributed at the upper end of the positioning foundation table and are distributed in a lattice mode.
The specific steps of the measurement include:
the first step: installing a measuring head at the tail end of the measuring equipment;
and a second step of: fixing a positioning device at the tool datum point position of the flexible clamping tool, and fixing a measuring ball head at the top end of the positioning device;
and a third step of: positioning devices are respectively placed at the lower ends of two reference holes of a workpiece to be processed, and the two reference holes of the workpiece to be processed are utilized to penetrate through the reference holes of the workpiece by positioning pins to be fixed with the positioning devices;
fourth step: the measuring equipment measures the measuring ball head and fits the position of the ball center of the measuring ball head to serve as an origin of a tool coordinate system, the bottom surface of the flexible clamping tool serves as an XY plane of the tool coordinate system, the connecting line direction of two reference holes on a workpiece serves as an X direction, and the tool coordinate system is established;
fifth step: fitting the equipment coordinate system and the tool coordinate system, and taking the origin of the tool coordinate system as the origin of the equipment coordinate system;
fifth step: measuring the coordinate positions of the axle center points of the locating pins at equal-height positions on two reference holes of the processed workpiece by using the measuring equipment to obtain the coordinate positions of the locating pins under a tool coordinate system;
sixth step: and comparing the measured values of the two reference holes in the tool coordinate system with the theoretical values of the two reference holes in the tool coordinate system to obtain the reference hole position deviation.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention provides a positioning device and a method for multi-coordinate fitting, which utilize a tool coordinate system as an initial positioning coordinate system, and directly bring a machined workpiece with a curved surface into the tool coordinate system by integrating a product coordinate system and an equipment coordinate system in a measuring mode of the positioning device, a ball head, a positioning pin and a measuring head. The three-dimensional coordinate system is fused, then the direct processing of the curved surface workpiece is finished by utilizing a numerical control processing mode, and the embarrassing situation that the curved surface product cannot be directly positioned by clamping and positioning the traditional workpiece is avoided, and the numerical control processing of the curved surface product is finished by fitting the coordinate system. The method can be used for processing the curved surfaces of large parts such as the wings and the fuselage of the aircraft step by step, so that the time waste caused by the positioning and alignment of the traditional products is saved, and the digital processing capacity and efficiency are improved. Can be directly popularized to the numerical control processing field of curved surface products in other industries.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a positioning device
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of measurement and fitting positioning of a positioning device with multi-coordinate fitting
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a measuring apparatus
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a flexible clamping tool
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 1, a base; 2, a rotating seat; 3 an angle base; 4, an angle instrument; 5, positioning a base; 6, a positioning device; measuring a ball head; 8, positioning pins; 9 measuring equipment; 10 flexible clamping tools; 11 measuring heads; 12, processing the tail end; 13 gantry processing equipment; 14 lifting the positioning column; 15, positioning a foundation table; 16, a tool coordinate origin reference hole; 17 is machined.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention relates to a positioning device with multi-coordinate fitting and a measuring method.
The positioning device comprises a base 1, a rotating seat 2, an angle base 3, an angle meter 4 and a positioning base 5, wherein the base 1 is a circular rigid body, scales are uniformly distributed at the upper end of the outer surface of the base 1, the rotating seat 2 is positioned at the upper end of the base 1, scales are uniformly distributed at the lower end of the outer surface of the base, the rotating seat 2 can rotate 360 degrees around the center of the base, the scales distributed on the surface can be read along the angle of C-direction rotation, the upper end of the rotating seat 2 is fixedly provided with the angle base 3, the angle base 3 is a concave rigid body, the two sides of the middle of the angle base 3 are provided with sector grooves, the sector surfaces of the grooves are respectively carved with scales with an angle of +/-30 degrees, the upper end of the angle base 3 is provided with a through shaft passing through, the angle meter 4 is a sector rigid body with a 60-degree scale distribution, the angle meter 4 is concentric with the shaft at the upper end of the angle base 3, the angle meter 4 can rotate around the shaft on the angle base 3 within the angle of +/-30 degrees, the positioning base 5 is fixedly arranged at the top of the angle meter 4, and the center of the positioning base 5 is provided with a groove for fixing a measuring ball.
The positioning device 6, the flexible clamping tool 10 and the measuring equipment 9 are used for measuring the datum point of a workpiece 17 to be processed, wherein the measuring equipment 9 comprises a measuring head 11, a processing end 12 and a gantry processing equipment 13, the measuring head 11 is fixed on the lower top end of the processing end 12, and the processing end 12 moves randomly along with the gantry processing equipment 13 within the processing range of the equipment.
The flexible clamping tool 10 comprises a plurality of groups of lattice lifting positioning columns 14, a positioning base table 15 and tool coordinate origin reference holes 16, wherein the positioning base table 15 is used as a fixed reference of the flexible clamping tool and is fixed on the ground, the tool front end of the positioning base table is provided with the tool coordinate origin reference holes 16, and the positioning base table 15 is provided with the plurality of groups of lifting positioning columns 14 as theoretical reference holes of the flexible clamping tool 10 in a distributed manner.
The specific steps of the measurement include:
the first step: a measuring head 11 is arranged at the tail end of the measuring equipment 9;
and a second step of: fixing a positioning device 6 at the tool datum point position of the flexible clamping tool 10, and fixing a measuring ball head 7 at the top end of the positioning device 6;
and a third step of: positioning devices 6 are respectively placed at the lower ends of two reference holes of a workpiece to be processed, and the two reference holes of the workpiece to be processed are utilized to penetrate through the reference holes of the workpiece by positioning pins 8 to be fixed with the positioning devices 6;
fourth step: the measuring equipment 9 measures the measuring ball head 7 and fits the position of the ball center of the measuring ball head 7 to serve as an origin of a tool coordinate system, the bottom surface of the flexible clamping tool 10 serves as an XY plane of the tool coordinate system, the connecting line direction of two reference holes on a workpiece serves as an X direction, and the tool coordinate system is established;
fifth step: fitting the equipment coordinate system and the tool coordinate system, and taking the origin of the tool coordinate system as the origin of the equipment coordinate system;
fifth step: the measuring equipment 9 measures the coordinate positions of the axle center points of the locating pins 8 at equal-height positions on the two reference holes of the processed workpiece 17 to obtain the coordinate positions of the locating pins under the tool coordinate system;
sixth step: and comparing the measured values of the two reference holes in the tool coordinate system with the theoretical values of the two reference holes in the tool coordinate system to obtain the reference hole position deviation.
The invention uses the tool coordinate system as an initial positioning coordinate system, integrates the product coordinate system and the equipment coordinate system by a measuring mode of a positioning device, a ball head, a positioning pin and a measuring head, directly brings a processed workpiece with a curved surface into the tool coordinate system, the positioning hole of the processed workpiece with the curved surface is generally at a certain included angle with the tool coordinate system, and uses the function of the positioning device capable of rotating along the A/C direction to compensate the included angle between the positioning hole and the coordinate system, so that the positioning pin is ensured to be vertically inserted into a positioning base at the top end of the positioning device after passing through the positioning hole.
Claims (3)
1. A measuring method of multi-coordinate fitting is characterized in that a multi-coordinate fitting positioning device, a flexible clamping tool and measuring equipment are used for measuring and fitting positioning reference points of a workpiece, the multi-coordinate fitting positioning device comprises a base, a rotating seat, an angle base, an angle meter and a positioning base, the base is a round rigid body, scales are uniformly distributed at the upper end of the outer surface of the base, the rotating seat is positioned at the upper end of the base, scales are uniformly distributed at the lower end of the outer surface of the base, the rotating seat can rotate 360 degrees around the center of the base, the rotation angle along the direction C can be read through the scales distributed on the surface, the angle base is fixed at the upper end of the rotating seat, the angle base is a concave rigid body, fan-shaped grooves are formed in two sides of the middle of the angle base, scales for +/-30 degrees are respectively engraved on fan-shaped surfaces of the grooves, a through shaft penetrates through the upper end of the angle base, the angle instrument is a fan-shaped rigid body with 60-degree scale distribution, the angle instrument is concentric with the shaft at the upper end of the angle base, the angle instrument can rotate in +/-30 degrees around the shaft on the angle base, a positioning base is fixed at the top of the angle instrument, a groove for fixing a measuring ball head is formed in the center of the positioning base, and the measuring method for multi-coordinate fitting comprises the following specific steps:
the first step: installing a measuring head at the tail end of the measuring equipment;
and a second step of: fixing a positioning device at the tool datum point position of the flexible clamping tool, and fixing a measuring ball head at the top end of the positioning device;
and a third step of: positioning devices are respectively placed at the lower ends of two reference holes of a workpiece to be processed, and the two reference holes of the workpiece to be processed are utilized to penetrate through the reference holes of the workpiece by positioning pins to be fixed with the positioning devices;
fourth step: the measuring equipment measures the measuring ball head and fits the position of the ball center of the measuring ball head to serve as an origin of a tool coordinate system, the bottom surface of the flexible clamping tool serves as an XY plane of the tool coordinate system, the connecting line direction of two reference holes on a workpiece serves as an X direction, and the tool coordinate system is established;
fifth step: fitting the equipment coordinate system and the tool coordinate system, and taking the origin of the tool coordinate system as the origin of the equipment coordinate system;
fifth step: measuring the coordinate positions of the axle center points of the locating pins at equal-height positions on two reference holes of the processed workpiece by using the measuring equipment to obtain the coordinate positions of the locating pins under a tool coordinate system;
sixth step: and comparing the measured values of the two reference holes in the tool coordinate system with the theoretical values of the two reference holes in the tool coordinate system to obtain the reference hole position deviation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the measuring device comprises a measuring head, a processing end and a gantry processing device, the measuring head is fixed on the lower top of the processing end, and the processing end moves randomly along with the gantry processing device within the processing range of the device.
3. The method for measuring the multi-coordinate fitting according to claim 1, wherein the flexible clamping tool comprises a plurality of groups of lattice lifting positioning columns, a positioning base table and tool coordinate origin reference holes, the positioning base table is used as a fixed reference of the flexible clamping tool and is fixed on the ground, the tool coordinate origin reference holes are arranged at the front end of the flexible clamping tool, the flexible clamping tool is used as a theoretical reference hole, and the plurality of groups of lifting positioning columns are distributed at the upper end of the positioning base table and are distributed in a lattice mode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110927388.XA CN113579856B (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2021-08-12 | Positioning device with multi-coordinate fitting and measuring method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110927388.XA CN113579856B (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2021-08-12 | Positioning device with multi-coordinate fitting and measuring method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113579856A CN113579856A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
| CN113579856B true CN113579856B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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| CN114383528A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-22 | 湖南伊鸿健康科技有限公司 | Counting pool depth calibration method and system, intelligent terminal and storage medium |
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| CN201833217U (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2011-05-18 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Three-dimensional positioning apparatus |
| CN102129231A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-07-20 | 肇庆市凯龙数控科技有限公司 | Spiral bevel gear machine tool numerical control system and control method thereof |
| CN102629120A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-08-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Nonlinear error processing method for using angle head toolholder to carry out numerical control processing |
| CN111595279A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-08-28 | 易思维（杭州）科技有限公司 | Method for constructing actual coordinate system of large workpiece and application thereof |
| CN112344887A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-09 | 上海交通大学 | Profile self-adaptive alignment ultrasonic thickness measuring device and self-adaptive alignment ultrasonic thickness measuring method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016110453A1 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-07 | Carl Mahr Holding Gmbh | Measuring device and method for adjusting the position of a rotationally symmetrical workpiece |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201833217U (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2011-05-18 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Three-dimensional positioning apparatus |
| CN102129231A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-07-20 | 肇庆市凯龙数控科技有限公司 | Spiral bevel gear machine tool numerical control system and control method thereof |
| CN102629120A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-08-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Nonlinear error processing method for using angle head toolholder to carry out numerical control processing |
| CN111595279A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-08-28 | 易思维（杭州）科技有限公司 | Method for constructing actual coordinate system of large workpiece and application thereof |
| CN112344887A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-09 | 上海交通大学 | Profile self-adaptive alignment ultrasonic thickness measuring device and self-adaptive alignment ultrasonic thickness measuring method |
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