CN113577369A - Porous composite bone cement and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Porous composite bone cement and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical materials, in particular to porous composite bone cement and a preparation method thereof. The porous composite bone cement mainly comprises two parts of powder and liquid, wherein the powder and liquid are mixed according to a powder-liquid ratio of 2: 1g/mL, and the powder mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 29.5-84% of methacrylic acid polymer, 10-40% of degradable biological material, 5-30% of barium sulfate and 0.01-0.5% of benzoyl peroxide; the liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 93-99.45% of methyl methacrylate, 0.5-5% of N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and 0.05-2% of hydroquinone. The invention solves the problems that the interface bonding force between the traditional bone cement and the autologous bone is low, bone cells can not grow in, and the mechanical property and the biocompatibility of the bone cement are influenced by the residual reactants of the pore-forming agent after the existing porous bone cement is cured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical materials, in particular to porous composite bone cement and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Bone cement is a common name of bone cement, and is a medical material used for orthopedic surgery. PMMA bone cement was an injectable filling and bonding material, the first used in prosthetic replacements. At present, the method is widely applied to orthopedics clinic, in particular to the aspect of spine repair and formation.
PMMA bone cement has many advantages as a fillable material in bone surgery: the injectability is good; the adhesive has good viscosity, and can be well adhered to bones and implant devices; the mechanical strength is excellent; fast curing time, etc. Meanwhile, the defect of PMMA bone cement as an injection material for a human body is obvious. PMMA bone cement is an artificially synthesized polymer, and the material has poor compatibility with bones and cannot form good combination with the surfaces of the bones; and can not directly induce the growth of bone tissue, and the material is easy to loosen after being implanted in the body for a period of time, thereby causing the failure of implantation.
Chinese patent CN102552986B issued a method for preparing porous bone cement by using metal pore-forming agent, which comprises weighing beta-TCP and Ca (H2PO4) according to the molar ratio of 1:12·H2Grinding the O powder to prepare composite powder, adding 0.5mol/L citric acid solution for blending, and then adding metal powder to naturally foam and solidify to obtain the porous bone cement material. In the method, the mechanical property and the biological property of the bone cement can be influenced by residual metal salts and alkaline substances after the bone cement is solidified, and meanwhile, the residual substances are possibly safe after being dissolved in body fluid or blood of a human body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide porous composite bone cement and a preparation method thereof, overcomes the defects of the prior art, can be used for orthopedic surgery, osteoporotic fracture fixation, bone defect filling and the like, and solves the problems that the interface bonding force between the traditional bone cement and self bone is low, bone cells cannot grow in, and the mechanical property and biocompatibility of the bone cement are influenced by residual reactants of a pore-forming agent after the existing porous bone cement is cured.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a porous composite bone cement mainly comprises powder and liquid, wherein the powder and liquid are in a powder-liquid ratio of (1.8-2.5): (0.8-1.2) g/mL, wherein:
the powder mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 29.5-84% of methacrylic acid polymer, 10-40% of degradable biological material, 5-30% of barium sulfate and 0.01-0.5% of benzoyl peroxide;
the liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 93-99.45% of methyl methacrylate, 0.5-5% of N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and 0.05-2% of hydroquinone.
Preferably, the degradable biomaterial is a copolymer with three branched structures, which is mainly obtained by polymerizing polyethylene glycol and citric acid through an esterification reaction.
Preferably, the preparation method of the degradable biological material comprises the following steps: dehydrating agent, catalyst, citric acid and polyethylene glycol according to a molar ratio (1.7-2.3): (0.3-0.6): (0.8-1.3): (2.8-3.4), dissolving in n-butanol solvent, reacting at 20-40 ℃ for 4-8h, separating after the reaction is finished, and vacuum drying to obtain the degradable biological material; the chemical reaction formula is as follows:
preferably, in the preparation method of the degradable biological material, a dehydrating agent, a catalyst, citric acid and polyethylene glycol are mixed according to a molar ratio of 2:0.5:1:3, mixing.
Preferably, the dehydrating agent is N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or 1-ethyl-3 (3-dimethylpropylamine) carbodiimide.
Preferably, the catalyst is any one of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, tetrabutyl titanate and tetraisopropyl titanate.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 200-600.
A preparation method of porous composite bone cement comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing a specified amount of degradable biological material, polymethyl methacrylate, benzoyl peroxide and barium sulfate in a mixer according to a proportion to obtain bone cement powder;
(2) uniformly mixing methyl methacrylate, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and hydroquinone in a specified amount according to a ratio to obtain bone cement liquid;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing the bone cement powder uniformly mixed in the step (1) and the bone cement liquid uniformly mixed in the step (2) according to a ratio to obtain the porous composite bone cement.
Preferably, the environmental conditions of step (3) are: the temperature is 23 +/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity is not lower than 40 percent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the porous composite bone cement and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages: the degradable biological material is prepared by polymerizing polyethylene glycol and citric acid through esterification reaction, the polyethylene glycol is a nonionic hydrophilic polymer, can be dissolved in water and most organic solvents to remove ether and alkane, and has the advantages of no toxicity, no antigenicity, no immunogenicity and good biocompatibility, the citric acid is a ternary acid, is one of a plurality of natural organic acids, has the chemical reaction activity of common organic acids, is non-toxic, and is a metabolite of tricarboxylic acid circulation in vivo, so the residue of the degradable biological material after the porous composite bone cement and the bone cement are solidified has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, the water absorption and the solubility of PMMA bone cement can be improved, and the porous structure formed by metabolism is also beneficial to the growth of new bones, and the mechanical property of the bone cement is not influenced.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The porous composite bone cement mainly comprises two parts of 20g of powder and 10mL of liquid, wherein the powder mainly comprises the following raw materials: PMMA11.98g, degradable biological material 2g, barium sulfate 6g and benzoyl peroxide 0.02g, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain bone cement powder; the liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials: 9.45mL of methyl methacrylate, 0.5mL of N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and 0.05mL of hydroquinone are mixed to obtain the bone cement liquid.
The degradable biological material is a copolymer with three branched chain structures, which is mainly obtained by polymerizing polyethylene glycol and citric acid through esterification reaction, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing EDCI, DMAP, citric acid and polyethylene glycol (molecular weight is 200) according to a molar ratio of 2:0.5:1:3, dissolving in n-butanol solvent, reacting for 6h at 40 ℃, separating after the reaction is finished, and drying in vacuum to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the porous composite bone cement in the embodiment comprises the following steps: blending the bone cement powder and the bone cement liquid in proportion under the conditions of 23 +/-1 ℃ and relative humidity not lower than 40%, stirring for 1-2min to obtain porous composite bone cement, filling the porous composite bone cement into an injector, injecting into a fixed mould, and carrying out physical property test after curing, wherein the size of a compression test sample is a cylinder with the height of 12mm and the diameter of 6 mm; the bending test specimen dimensions were a strip approximately 75mm long, 10mm wide and 3.3mm thick.
Example 2
The porous composite bone cement mainly comprises two parts of 20g of powder and 10mL of liquid, wherein the powder mainly comprises the following raw materials: PMMA10.98g, degradable biological material 3g, barium sulfate 6g and benzoyl peroxide 0.02g, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain bone cement powder; the liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials: 9.3mL of methyl methacrylate, 0.5mL of N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and 0.2mL of hydroquinone, and the raw materials are mixed to obtain the bone cement liquid.
The degradable biological material is a copolymer with three branched chain structures, which is mainly obtained by polymerizing polyethylene glycol and citric acid through esterification reaction, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, tetrabutyl titanate, citric acid and polyethylene glycol (molecular weight is 400) according to a molar ratio of 2:0.5:1:3, dissolving in N-butanol solvent, reacting at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, separating after the reaction is finished, and drying in vacuum to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the porous composite bone cement in the embodiment comprises the following steps: blending the bone cement powder and the bone cement liquid in proportion under the conditions of 23 +/-1 ℃ and relative humidity not lower than 40%, stirring for 1-2min to obtain porous composite bone cement, filling the porous composite bone cement into an injector, injecting into a fixed mould, and carrying out physical property test after curing, wherein the size of a compression test sample is a cylinder with the height of 12mm and the diameter of 6 mm; the bending test specimen dimensions were a strip approximately 75mm long, 10mm wide and 3.3mm thick.
Example 3
The porous composite bone cement mainly comprises two parts of 20g of powder and 10mL of liquid, wherein the powder mainly comprises the following raw materials: PMMA9.98g, degradable biological material 4g, barium sulfate 6g and benzoyl peroxide 0.02g, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain bone cement powder; the liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials: 9.945mL of methyl methacrylate, 0.05mL of N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and 0.005mL of hydroquinone, and the raw materials are mixed to obtain the bone cement liquid.
The degradable biological material is a copolymer with three branched chain structures, which is mainly obtained by polymerizing polyethylene glycol and citric acid through esterification reaction, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing EDCI, tetraisopropyl titanate, citric acid and polyethylene glycol (molecular weight is 600) according to a molar ratio of 2:0.5:1:3, dissolving in n-butanol solvent, reacting at 40 ℃ for 8h, separating after the reaction is finished, and drying in vacuum to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the porous composite bone cement in the embodiment comprises the following steps: blending the bone cement powder and the bone cement liquid in proportion under the conditions of 23 +/-1 ℃ and relative humidity not lower than 40%, stirring for 1-2min to obtain porous composite bone cement, filling the porous composite bone cement into an injector, injecting into a fixed mould, and carrying out physical property test after curing, wherein the size of a compression test sample is a cylinder with the height of 12mm and the diameter of 6 mm; the bending test specimen dimensions were a strip approximately 75mm long, 10mm wide and 3.3mm thick.
Example 4
The porous composite bone cement mainly comprises two parts of 20g of powder and 10mL of liquid, wherein the powder mainly comprises the following raw materials: PMMA13.98g, barium sulfate 6g and benzoyl peroxide 0.02g, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain bone cement powder; the liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials: 9.45mL of methyl methacrylate, 0.5mL of N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and 0.05mL of hydroquinone are mixed to obtain the bone cement liquid.
The preparation method of the bone cement in the embodiment comprises the following steps: blending the bone cement powder and the bone cement liquid in proportion under the conditions of 23 +/-1 ℃ and relative humidity not lower than 40%, stirring for 1-2min to obtain bone cement, filling the porous composite bone cement into an injector, injecting into a fixed mould, and carrying out physical property test after solidification, wherein the size of a compression test sample is a cylinder with the height of 12mm and the diameter of 6 mm; the bending test specimen dimensions were a strip approximately 75mm long, 10mm wide and 3.3mm thick.
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that: in example 4, the amount of degradable biomaterial in example 1 was increased to the amount of PMMA without adding the degradable biomaterial.
Test example 1
The bone cements prepared in examples 1 to 4 were subjected to physical property tests, and the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the introduction of the degradable biomaterial in the bone cement preparation process in examples 1-3 of the present invention not only enables the porous composite bone cement to be obtained, but also enables the mechanical properties of the cured porous composite bone cement to meet the requirements of YY 0459-2003 standard.
The above embodiments are only specific examples of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the product forms and styles of the above embodiments, and any suitable changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the claims of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A porous composite bone cement, which is characterized in that: the powder and liquid ratio is (1.8-2.5): (0.8-1.2) g/mL, wherein:
the powder mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 29.5-84% of methacrylic acid polymer, 10-40% of degradable biological material, 5-30% of barium sulfate and 0.01-0.5% of benzoyl peroxide;
the liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 93-99.45% of methyl methacrylate, 0.5-5% of N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and 0.05-2% of hydroquinone.
2. The porous composite bone cement of claim 1, wherein: the degradable biological material is a copolymer with three branched structures, which is mainly obtained by polymerizing polyethylene glycol and citric acid through an esterification reaction.
3. The porous composite bone cement of claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the degradable biological material comprises the following steps: dehydrating agent, catalyst, citric acid and polyethylene glycol according to a molar ratio (1.7-2.3): (0.3-0.6): (0.8-1.3): (2.8-3.4), dissolving in n-butanol solvent, reacting at 20-40 ℃ for 4-8h, separating after the reaction is finished, and vacuum drying to obtain the degradable biological material; the chemical reaction formula is as follows:
4. a porous composite bone cement according to claim 3, wherein: in the preparation method of the degradable biological material, a dehydrating agent, a catalyst, citric acid and polyethylene glycol are mixed according to a molar ratio of 2:0.5:1:3, mixing.
5. A porous composite bone cement according to claim 3, wherein: the dehydrating agent is N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or 1-ethyl-3 (3-dimethylpropylamine) carbodiimide.
6. A porous composite bone cement according to claim 3, wherein: the catalyst is any one of 4-dimethylamino pyridine, tetrabutyl titanate and tetraisopropyl titanate.
7. A porous composite bone cement according to claim 3, wherein: the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 200-600.
8. The method for preparing a porous composite bone cement according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing a specified amount of degradable biological material, polymethyl methacrylate, benzoyl peroxide and barium sulfate in a mixer according to a proportion to obtain bone cement powder;
(2) uniformly mixing methyl methacrylate, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and hydroquinone in a specified amount according to a ratio to obtain bone cement liquid;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing the bone cement powder uniformly mixed in the step (1) and the bone cement liquid uniformly mixed in the step (2) according to a ratio to obtain the porous composite bone cement.
9. The method for preparing a porous composite bone cement according to claim 8, wherein: the environmental conditions of the step (3) are as follows: the temperature is 23 +/-1 ℃, and the relative humidity is not lower than 40%.
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