CN113577279A - Cell membrane coated functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite, preparation method and application - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cell membrane coated functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite, a preparation method and application thereof; the functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite consists of a coated cell membrane and black phosphorus oxidized on the surface and combined with functional molecules, an oxidation product PxOy formed after the surface of the black phosphorus is primarily oxidized is beneficial to the bonding and loading of the functional molecules, and the photothermal effect is combined to promote the release of drug molecules and biological cascade reaction, so that the purpose of tumor and postoperative cooperative treatment is achieved; meanwhile, the coating of the cell membrane is combined to provide the targeting capability of organs and tumors, the stability of the nano compound in blood circulation is improved, the infiltration of the compound in target tissues is increased, and a more excellent treatment effect is exerted; the nano-composite prepared by the method has good stability, is easy to prepare in large scale, and shows excellent treatment effect in preparation of tumor-targeted drugs and postoperative cooperative treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a black phosphorus nano-composite, in particular to a functional black phosphorus nano-composite coated by a cell membrane, and also comprises a preparation method and application of the composite.
Background
Tumors are one of the most fatal and common diseases at present, and the traditional tumor treatment methods mainly comprise surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and the like. However, a single tumor treatment strategy is difficult to effectively remove tumor cells, and chemotherapy drugs lack selectivity and easily cause toxic and side effects, and high tumor heterogeneity easily causes problems of multidrug resistance and the like, so that patients still face risks of postoperative metastasis and relapse despite active surgical treatment and radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In view of the difficulty in completely eradicating tumors in the conventional treatment methods, the search for a multi-mode and multifunctional tumor cooperative treatment method is an urgent problem to be solved in the current anti-tumor research.
Due to good biocompatibility, excellent photothermal conversion performance and conversion efficiency, the black phosphorus attracts great attention in the field of tumor treatment, and photothermal therapy (PTT) is proved to be capable of effectively activating tumor immune microenvironment. Therefore, the combination of multiple treatment modes is realized by utilizing the advantages of the photo-thermal property of the black phosphorus, the bonding and loading capacity of functional drug molecules endowed with the black phosphorus after oxidation and the like, and the tumor of the cell membrane and the postoperative targeting are combined, so that the cooperative treatment of the tumor and the inhibition of postoperative recurrence are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of single treatment and simple combined treatment in the prior art, the invention realizes the synergistic effect of a plurality of treatment modes, provides a functional black phosphorus nano compound coated by cell membranes, and also provides a preparation method and application of the functional black phosphorus compound.
The technical scheme is as follows: the functional black phosphorus nano composite coated by the cell membrane comprises the cell membrane, the black phosphorus and functional molecules, and the nano composite is in a core-shell structure, wherein the shell layer is the cell membrane, and the core layer is the black phosphorus combined with the functional molecules.
Preferably, the cell membrane is a macrophage membrane, neutrophil membrane, surface-functionalized macrophage membrane or surface-functionalized neutrophil membrane.
Preferably, the functional molecule comprises amino acids carboxyl-containing small molecules, carboxyl-containing linker, functional protein such as glucose oxidase (GOx), and superoxide dismutase.
Preferably, the amino acid carboxyl-containing small molecule is arginine, proline or glycine; the linker containing carboxyl is glyceric acid, phenylboronic acid or cis-aconitic anhydride; the protein is glucose oxidase (GOx) or catalase.
The preparation method of the cell membrane coated functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of black phosphorus-arginine complex (BPA): taking 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), Black Phosphorus (BP) and L-arginine, reacting in a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water, removing unreacted L-arginine, and separating to obtain BPA;
(2) preparation of black phosphorus-arginine-glucose oxidase (BPAG): taking 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and glucose oxidase (GOx) to react in water; adding the BPA prepared in the step (1), reacting, and separating to obtain BPAG;
(3) preparation of cell membrane: removing cultured cells, washing with PBS, digesting with pancreatin, collecting digested cells, centrifuging for 500g 4min, washing with PBS, adding cell lysis buffer solution, homogenizing, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, and freeze drying the precipitate to obtain purified cell membrane;
(4) preparation of cell membrane-coated functionalized black phosphorus nanocomplex (M @ BPAG): firstly, dissolving a proper amount of BPAG (BPAG) in PBS (phosphate buffer solution), dissolving a certain amount of cell membranes in a mixed solution of ethanol and PBS, carrying out mixed water bath ultrasound on the cell membranes and the mixed solution, then taking a proper amount of PBS, and assembling by using a nano precipitation method to obtain the cell membrane coated functionalized black phosphorus nano compound.
Preferably, in the step (1), the molar ratio of the 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), the Black Phosphorus (BP) and the L-arginine is 1: 1: 5-10; the organic solvent is N, N' -Dimethylformamide (DMF).
Preferably, in the step (2), the molar ratio of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and glucose oxidase (GOx) is 2: 1: 4 to 8.
Preferably, in the step (4), the molar ratio of the cell membrane to the BPAG is 10-20: 1.
the invention also discloses application of the cell membrane coated functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite, and the functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite can be applied to preparation of tumor targeted drugs and postoperative cooperative therapy drugs.
The invention principle is as follows: according to the invention, through mild chemical reaction, on one hand, an oxidation product PxOy formed after the surface of Black Phosphorus (BP) is primarily oxidized endows the Black Phosphorus (BP) with a functional modification characteristic, the bonding and the loading of functional molecules are facilitated, the photothermal action of the BP promotes GOx to catalyze glucose to generate hydrogen peroxide, and the hydrogen peroxide further promotes arginine to release NO under the action of temperature rise and thus initiates a series of biological cascade reactions. The photo-thermal effect of the black phosphorus protected by the modification method realizes the purpose of tumor and postoperative cooperative treatment. On the other hand, the coating of the cell membrane and the cell membrane after functional modification enables the functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite to have the targeting capability of organs and tumors, improves the stability of the nano-composite in blood circulation, increases infiltration in target tissues and also endows the composite with the capability of further modifying other functional molecules on the surface of the cell membrane. In conclusion, the nano-composite prepared by the method has good stability, is easy to prepare in large quantity, shows excellent treatment effect in vivo of in-situ tumor-bearing mice, and further provides a new way and strategy for tumor and postoperative treatment.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite coated by the cell membrane has the advantages of good photo-thermal effect, outstanding stability and biological cascade release:
(2) the preparation method of the cell membrane coated functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, high yield and large-scale preparation of depression.
(3) In the aspect of preparing tumor-targeted drugs and postoperative cooperative therapy drugs, the functionalized black phosphorus nanocomposite disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good targeting performance and remarkable treatment effect, and animal experiment results show that the coating of cell membranes and the exertion of biological cascade reaction effects enable the tumor inhibition effect of the M @ BPAG group to be remarkably higher than that of other groups, and the M @ BPAG group can remarkably inhibit the recurrence of tumors from postoperative model results.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a TEM spectrum and a particle size spectrum of black phosphorus;
FIG. 2 is a TEM and particle size spectrum of BPA;
FIG. 3 is a TEM and particle size spectrum of BPAG;
FIG. 4 is a TEM and particle size spectrum of M @ BPAG;
FIG. 5 is a potential map of BP, BPA, BPAG, M @ BPAG;
FIG. 6 shows BPAG at the same irradiation time H202A release profile;
FIG. 7 shows the H of BPAG under different irradiation times202A release profile;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the therapeutic effect of glioma-bearing mice;
FIG. 9 is a graph of fluorescence magnitude data for various groups of tumors after animal treatment.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the effect of the post-operation treatment of glioma-bearing mice;
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
Example 1
(1) Synthesis of BPA: 10mg of black phosphorus was dispersed in 2mL of DMF, and 100mg of L-arginine and 10mg of DMAP were added. The mixture was reacted for 8h with magnetic stirring at 30 ℃. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was dialyzed for 6 hours to remove unreacted arginine. After dialysis, the mixture was centrifuged at 17000 Xg for 4min and washed three times with deionized water, and the final product was stored at 4 ℃.
(2) Synthesis of BPAG: 1mg GOx was dissolved in 5mL deionized water, 25mg EDC and 50mg NHS were slowly added dropwise, and after stirring the reaction at room temperature for 1h, 10mg BPA was added to the mixture. The reaction solution was subjected to a reaction in an oil bath at 30 ℃ and then dialyzed to remove unreacted GOx. After dialysis, the mixture was centrifuged at 17000 Xg for 4min and washed three times with deionized water, and the final product was stored at 4 ℃.
(3) Synthesis of M @ BPAG: 1mg of cell membrane was redissolved in 1ml of PBS by vortexing. 1mg of BPAG was dispersed into 1mL of PBS using water bath sonication. Slowly dripping the cell membrane solution into 100 mu L of BPAG solution under the ultrasonic condition, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min to obtain M @ BPAG.
Example 2
(1) Synthesis of BPA: 105mg of black phosphorus was dispersed in 2mL of DMF, and 100mg of L-arginine and 15mg of DMAP were added. The mixture was reacted for 8h with magnetic stirring at 30 ℃. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was dialyzed for 6 hours to remove unreacted arginine. After dialysis, the mixture was centrifuged at 17000 Xg for 4min and washed three times with deionized water, and the final product was stored at 4 ℃.
(2) Synthesis of BPAG: 1.5mg GOx was dissolved in 5mL deionized water, 38mg EDC and 75mg NHS were slowly added dropwise, and after stirring the reaction at room temperature for 1h, 15mg BPA was added to the mixture. The reaction solution was subjected to a reaction in an oil bath at 30 ℃ and then dialyzed to remove unreacted GOx. After dialysis, the mixture was centrifuged at 17000 Xg for 4min and washed three times with deionized water, and the final product was stored at 4 ℃.
(3) Synthesis of M @ BPAG: 2mg of cell membrane were redissolved in 1ml PBS by vortexing. 1mg of BPAG was dispersed into 1mL of PBS using water bath sonication. Slowly dripping the cell membrane solution into 100 mu L of BPAG solution under the ultrasonic condition, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min to obtain M @ BPAG.
Example 3
Characterization and Synthesis of M @ BPAG
(1) Synthesis of BPA: 20mg of black phosphorus was dispersed in 2ml of DMF, and 100mg of L-arginine and 20mg of DMAP were added. The mixture was reacted for 8h with magnetic stirring at 30 ℃. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was dialyzed for 6 hours to remove unreacted arginine. After dialysis, the mixture was centrifuged at 17000 Xg for 4min and washed three times with deionized water, and the final product was stored at 4 ℃.
(2) Synthesis of BPAG: 2mgGOx dissolved in 5mL deionized water, slowly adding dropwise 50mgEDC and 100mgNHS, room temperature stirring reaction for 1h, then to the mixture added 10 mgBPA. The reaction solution was subjected to a reaction in an oil bath at 30 ℃ and then dialyzed to remove unreacted GOx. After dialysis, the mixture was centrifuged at 17000 Xg for 4min and washed three times with deionized water, and the final product was stored at 4 ℃.
(3) Synthesis of M @ BPAG: 2mg of cell membrane were redissolved in 1ml PBS by vortexing. 1mg BPAG was dispersed into 1mLPBS using water bath sonication. Slowly dripping the cell membrane solution into 100 mu L of BPAG solution under the ultrasonic condition, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min to obtain M @ BPAG.
Measuring a particle size map and a potential: the hydrodynamic diameter of each of the appropriate amounts of black phosphorus, BPA, BPAG, M @ BPAG was determined in PB 7.4. As is clear from the results of FIGS. 1 to 4, the particle size of BP was about 77nm, that of BPA was about 118nm, that of BPAG was about 119nm, and that of M @ BPAG was about 134 nm. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the potential of BP is about-20 mv, the potential of BPA is about 10mv, the potential of BPAG is about-1.5 mv, and the potential of M @ BPAG is about-9.8 mv.
H2O2Generated assay
M @ BPAG prepared in each example was dissolved in a glucose solution and irradiated with near infrared light (wavelength 808nm) to promote oxidation of glucose by GOx and release H2O2。
H2O2The resulting assay: a certain amount of BPAG was taken and H under near infrared light irradiation was measured in a PBS solution containing 1mg/mL of glucose2O2The amount produced. The experiment was divided into two groups, one group was irradiated with 1mg/mL of BPAG solution in 1mg/mL of glucose in PBS for 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10min, and the other group was irradiated with 1mg/mL of glucose in PBS for 10 min. As shown in the attached figures 6-7, H can be significantly promoted by near-infrared irradiation for 1min2O2Generation of (A), H2O2Can lead to better tumor killing effect.
Example 4
Evaluation of nano-reactor combination therapy for brain glioma
The in vivo anti-tumor effect of brain glioma was evaluated using GL261-Luc tumor-bearing mice. After establishment of orthotopic gliomas, mice were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the above example to verify the treatment effect of each group on tumors, PBS, M @ BPA (4mg kg)-1Calculated as BP), M @ BPA + NIR, M @ BPAG (6mg kg)-1Calculated as BP), M @ BPAG + NIR. Each group of tumor-bearing mice was injected 100. mu.L into the tail vein. 8 hours after injection, near-infrared laser (0.8W/cm)2) Tumors were irradiated for 20 min. Bioluminescence intensity of tumor-bearing mice was imaged using the IVIS instrument every 3 days after injection of d-fluorescein potassium salt to determine tumor growth. As can be seen from FIG. 8, PBS, M @ BPA and M @ BPA + NIR did not inhibit tumor growth. The results for the M @ BPAG and M @ BPAG + NIR groups showed that both the M @ BPAG and M @ BPAG + NIR groups achieved tumor inhibition. Further comparison of the results of the ROI values of the groups shows that the growth trend of the tumors of the groups is consistent with the results of FIG. 8, as can be seen from the results of FIG. 9.
Example 5
Evaluation of brain glioma after nano-reactor combination therapy
GL261-Luc tumor-bearing mice were used to evaluate the in vivo anti-tumor effect of the postoperative glioma model. After the establishment of orthotopic glioma, 5 days after tumor growth, mice were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the above examples to verify the treatment effect of each group on tumor, PBS and BPAG (6mg kg)-1Calculated as BP), M @ BPAG. After the groups are divided, the brain glioma of each group of mice is cleaned, and 100 mu L of the mouse tail is injected into the vein of each group of mice after the next day. 8 hours after injection, near-infrared laser (0.8W/cm)2) Tumors were irradiated for 20 min. Bioluminescence intensity of tumor-bearing mice was imaged using the IVIS instrument every 3 days after injection of d-fluorescein potassium salt to determine tumor growth. As shown in FIG. 10, the PBS and BPAG groups still had tumor recurrence after the postoperative surgery, and the M @ BPAG group could achieve the effect on the tumor recurrence after the postoperative surgeryAnd (4) inhibiting.
Claims (9)
1. The cell membrane-coated functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite is characterized by comprising a cell membrane, black phosphorus and functional molecules, wherein the nano-composite is in a core-shell structure, a shell layer is the cell membrane, and a core layer is the black phosphorus combined with the functional molecules.
2. The functionalized black phosphorus nanocomposite according to claim 1, wherein the cell membrane is a macrophage membrane, a neutrophil membrane, a surface functionalized macrophage membrane or a surface functionalized neutrophil membrane.
3. The functionalized black phosphorus nanocomposite of claim 1, wherein the functional molecule comprises an amino acid carboxyl-containing small molecule, a carboxyl-containing linker, or a functional protein.
4. The functionalized black phosphorus nanocomposite of claim 3, wherein the amino acid carboxyl group-containing small molecule is arginine, proline or glycine; the linker containing carboxyl is glyceric acid, phenylboronic acid or cis-aconitic anhydride; the functional protein is glucose oxidase (GOx) or catalase.
5. A method for preparing the cell membrane coated functionalized black phosphorus nano-composite of claim 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of black phosphorus-arginine complex (BPA): taking 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), Black Phosphorus (BP) and L-arginine, reacting in a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water, removing unreacted L-arginine, and separating to obtain BPA;
(2) preparation of black phosphorus-arginine-glucose oxidase (BPAG): taking 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and glucose oxidase (GOx) to react in water; adding the BPA prepared in the step (1), reacting, and separating to obtain BPAG;
(3) preparation of cell membrane: removing cultured cells, washing with PBS, digesting with pancreatin, collecting digested cells, centrifuging, washing with PBS, adding cell lysis buffer solution, homogenizing, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, and freeze drying the precipitate to obtain purified cell membrane;
(4) preparation of cell membrane-coated functionalized black phosphorus nanocomplex (M @ BPAG): and (3) dissolving BPAG in PBS, dissolving the cell membrane obtained in the step (3) in a mixed solution of ethanol and PBS, performing ultrasonic treatment on the cell membrane and the cell membrane in a mixed water bath, then taking a proper amount of PBS, and assembling by using a nano precipitation method to obtain the cell membrane coated functionalized black phosphorus nano compound.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step (1), the molar ratio of 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), Black Phosphorus (BP) and L-arginine is 1: 1: 5-10; the organic solvent is N, N' -Dimethylformamide (DMF).
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the molar ratio of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and glucose oxidase (GOx) is 2: 1: 4 to 8.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (4), the molar ratio of the cell membrane to BPAG is 10 to 20: 1.
9. the use of the cell membrane-coated functionalized black phosphorus nanocomposite of claim 1, wherein the functionalized black phosphorus nanocomposite can be used for preparing a tumor-targeted drug and a drug for postoperative synergistic treatment.
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CN110974978A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 暨南大学 | Nano-catalyst for treating tumor and preparation method and application thereof |
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CN111870693A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-03 | 中国药科大学 | Method for promoting arginine to rapidly release NO by black phosphorus |
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CN110974978A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 暨南大学 | Nano-catalyst for treating tumor and preparation method and application thereof |
CN111686251A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-22 | 福建医科大学孟超肝胆医院(福州市传染病医院) | Bionic nano material for acoustic power/gas synergistic anti-tumor therapy and preparation method thereof |
CN111870693A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-03 | 中国药科大学 | Method for promoting arginine to rapidly release NO by black phosphorus |
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