CN113575478A - Breeding method for improving safe overwintering of shrimp larvae - Google Patents

Breeding method for improving safe overwintering of shrimp larvae Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113575478A
CN113575478A CN202110887838.7A CN202110887838A CN113575478A CN 113575478 A CN113575478 A CN 113575478A CN 202110887838 A CN202110887838 A CN 202110887838A CN 113575478 A CN113575478 A CN 113575478A
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parts
pond
vitamin
improving
safe overwintering
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程二平
许杨
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Chaohu Dongda Aquaculture Professional Cooperative
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Chaohu Dongda Aquaculture Professional Cooperative
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method for improving the safe overwintering of shrimp larvae, which belongs to the technical field of breeding and comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment of pond bottom, (2) water discharge treatment, and (3) addition of wintering auxiliary agent. The application provides a breeding method for improving the safety of shrimp seeds in winter, the method is based on conventional breeding, special optimization improvement is carried out, particularly, pond bottom treatment is carried out twice, pretreatment can be carried out on the pond bottom effectively, the safety quality of a pond is guaranteed, the sanitation degree of the pond can be continuously enhanced, the addition of a winter aid in the subsequent winter can be enhanced, the body system of the shrimp seeds can be enhanced, the resistance and the nutritional requirements in the winter are guaranteed, the winter effect of the shrimp seeds is cooperatively improved, the survival rate and the yield and quality of the subsequent shrimp seeds are improved, and the breeding benefit is remarkably enhanced.

Description

Breeding method for improving safe overwintering of shrimp larvae
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for improving the safety of shrimp larvae in winter.
Background
The lobster named as Procambarus clarkii has strong adaptability and reproductive capacity, extremely high protein content, low fat content, delicious taste and rich nutrition, is deeply loved by consumers in recent years, and has continuously increased market demand.
The main seasons for culturing the adult lobsters are spring and autumn, so that the seasons are fully utilized, the good return can be obtained in summer, the survival water temperature of the lobsters cannot be too low, and the temperature in winter is lower, so that certain obstacle can be caused to the overwintering survival of the lobsters, although the survival probability of the lobsters can be improved by measures such as timely increasing the water temperature and the like, the requirement cannot be met only by a conventional method for pursuing a higher overwintering effect of the lobsters. Particularly for shrimp larvae, the overwintering quality directly influences the yield and other benefits of the subsequent shrimp larvae, so that a higher-quality overwintering culture method is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a culture method for improving the safety of shrimp larvae in winter aiming at the existing problems.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a breeding method for improving the safe overwintering of shrimp larvae comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of pond bottom:
when the pond bottom is dry, firstly uniformly spraying a pretreating agent on the pond bottom, and then injecting clear water into the pond;
(2) water discharging treatment:
after clear water is injected into the pond for 8-10 hours, carrying out water drainage treatment on the pond until the pond is dry;
(3) adding a wintering auxiliary agent:
spraying the wintering aid to the pond bottom, and performing conventional wintering protection on the pond after the wintering aid is sprayed to the pond bottom.
Further, the pretreating agent in the step (1) is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3-6 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 2-7 parts of isatis root, 1-4 parts of reed rhizome, 3-8 parts of myrobalan, 1-5 parts of honeysuckle and 2-6 parts of mint.
Further, the preparation method of the pretreating agent comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, mixing and crushing astragalus, bighead atractylodes rhizome, isatis root, reed rhizome, myrobalan, honeysuckle and mint together, and then solarizing for 2-3 days in the sun for later use;
2) mixing the crushed materials with water, boiling, filtering after 2-3 hours to obtain filtrate and filter residues for later use;
3) and (4) crushing the filter residue again, and mixing the filter residue and the filtrate uniformly.
Further, the particle size of the mixed and crushed material in the step 1) is 100 meshes.
Further, the weight ratio of the materials in the step 2) to water when mixed together is 1: 6 to 7.
Further, after the re-crushing treatment in the step 3), the particle size of the filter residue is controlled to be 300 meshes.
Further, the wintering aid in the step (3) is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of compound vitamin, 8-12 parts of fish meal, 30-35 parts of soybean meal, 40-50 parts of cottonseed meal, 2-6 parts of vegetable oil, 4-10 parts of lycopene and 25-35 parts of corn flour.
Furthermore, the compound vitamin contains vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E.
Further, the vegetable oil is any one of soybean oil, peanut oil and rapeseed oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the application provides a breeding method for improving the safe overwintering of shrimp seeds, which is characterized in that on the basis of conventional breeding, special optimization improvement is carried out, specifically, two times of pond bottom treatment are carried out, the pond bottom can be effectively cleaned through pretreatment, the safety quality of a pond is ensured, the sanitation degree of the pond can be continuously enhanced, the subsequent addition of an overwintering auxiliary agent can enhance the organism system of the shrimp seeds and ensure the resistance and nutritional requirements during overwintering, and the two cooperate with each other to improve the overwintering effect of the shrimp seeds, so that the survival rate and the yield and quality of the subsequent shrimp seeds are improved, the breeding benefit is remarkably enhanced, and the breeding method has great popularization value and market competitiveness.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A breeding method for improving the safe overwintering of shrimp larvae comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of pond bottom:
when the pond bottom is dry, firstly uniformly spraying a pretreating agent on the pond bottom, and then injecting clear water into the pond;
(2) water discharging treatment:
after clear water is injected into the pond for 8 hours, carrying out water drainage treatment on the pond until the pond is dry;
(3) adding a wintering auxiliary agent:
spraying the wintering aid to the pond bottom, and performing conventional wintering protection on the pond after the wintering aid is sprayed to the pond bottom.
The pretreating agent in the step (1) is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight:
10 parts of astragalus, 3 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 2 parts of isatis root, 1 part of reed rhizome, 3 parts of myrobalan, 1 part of honeysuckle and 2 parts of mint.
The preparation method of the pretreating agent comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing astragalus, bighead atractylodes rhizome, isatis root, reed rhizome, myrobalan, honeysuckle and mint, and solarizing for 2 days in the sun for later use; the particle size of the mixed and crushed material is 100 meshes;
2) mixing the crushed materials with water, boiling, and filtering after 2 hours to obtain filtrate and filter residue for later use; the corresponding weight ratio when the materials are mixed with water is 1: 6;
3) carrying out secondary crushing treatment on the filter residue, and controlling the particle size of the filter residue to be 300 meshes after the secondary crushing treatment; mixing the filtrate with the filtrate uniformly.
The wintering aid in the step (3) is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 4 parts of compound vitamin, 8 parts of fish meal, 30 parts of soybean meal, 40 parts of cottonseed meal, 2 parts of vegetable oil, 4 parts of lycopene and 25 parts of corn flour.
The compound vitamin contains vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E.
The vegetable oil is soybean oil.
Example 2
A breeding method for improving the safe overwintering of shrimp larvae comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of pond bottom:
when the pond bottom is dry, firstly uniformly spraying a pretreating agent on the pond bottom, and then injecting clear water into the pond;
(2) water discharging treatment:
after clean water is injected into the pond for 9 hours, carrying out water drainage treatment on the pond until the pond is dry;
(3) adding a wintering auxiliary agent:
spraying the wintering aid to the pond bottom, and performing conventional wintering protection on the pond after the wintering aid is sprayed to the pond bottom.
The pretreating agent in the step (1) is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight:
13 parts of astragalus, 5 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5 parts of isatis root, 3 parts of reed rhizome, 5 parts of myrobalan, 3 parts of honeysuckle and 5 parts of mint.
The preparation method of the pretreating agent comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing astragalus, bighead atractylodes rhizome, isatis root, reed rhizome, myrobalan, honeysuckle and mint, and solarizing for 2 days in the sun for later use; the particle size of the mixed and crushed material is 100 meshes;
2) mixing the pulverized materials with water, boiling, filtering after 2.5h to obtain filtrate and filter residue for use; the corresponding weight ratio when the materials are mixed with water is 1: 6.5;
3) carrying out secondary crushing treatment on the filter residue, and controlling the particle size of the filter residue to be 300 meshes after the secondary crushing treatment; mixing the filtrate with the filtrate uniformly.
The wintering aid in the step (3) is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 6 parts of compound vitamin, 10 parts of fish meal, 33 parts of bean pulp, 45 parts of cottonseed meal, 5 parts of vegetable oil, 6 parts of lycopene and 30 parts of corn flour.
The compound vitamin contains vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E.
The vegetable oil is peanut oil.
Example 3
A breeding method for improving the safe overwintering of shrimp larvae comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of pond bottom:
when the pond bottom is dry, firstly uniformly spraying a pretreating agent on the pond bottom, and then injecting clear water into the pond;
(2) water discharging treatment:
after clear water is injected into the pond for 10 hours, carrying out water drainage treatment on the pond until the pond is dry;
(3) adding a wintering auxiliary agent:
spraying the wintering aid to the pond bottom, and performing conventional wintering protection on the pond after the wintering aid is sprayed to the pond bottom.
The pretreating agent in the step (1) is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight:
15 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 7 parts of isatis root, 4 parts of reed rhizome, 8 parts of myrobalan, 5 parts of honeysuckle and 6 parts of mint.
The preparation method of the pretreating agent comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing astragalus, bighead atractylodes rhizome, isatis root, reed rhizome, myrobalan, honeysuckle and mint, and solarizing for 3 days in the sun for later use; the particle size of the mixed and crushed material is 100 meshes;
2) mixing the crushed materials with water, boiling, filtering after 3 hours to obtain filtrate and filter residue for later use; the corresponding weight ratio when the materials are mixed with water is 1: 7;
3) carrying out secondary crushing treatment on the filter residue, and controlling the particle size of the filter residue to be 300 meshes after the secondary crushing treatment; mixing the filtrate with the filtrate uniformly.
The wintering aid in the step (3) is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 7 parts of compound vitamin, 12 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of soybean meal, 50 parts of cottonseed meal, 6 parts of vegetable oil, 10 parts of lycopene and 35 parts of corn flour.
The compound vitamin contains vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E.
The vegetable oil is rapeseed oil.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 differs from example 2 in that the pretreatment operation of the pond bottom in step (1) is omitted, except that the process steps are the same.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 2 is different from example 2 in that the wintering aid addition operation of step (3) is omitted, except that the other process steps are the same.
In order to compare the effects of the invention, the technical schemes of the embodiment 2, the comparative embodiment 1 and the comparative embodiment 2 are actually cultured, and finally, the results show that the survival rate of the shrimp larvae is 22% higher and 31% higher in the embodiment 2 than in the comparative embodiments 1 and 2 respectively; the yield of the seedlings is respectively and correspondingly increased by 17 percent and 26 percent; the survival rate of the seedlings is respectively and correspondingly increased by 30 percent and 38 percent; the comprehensive economic benefit is correspondingly improved by 28 percent and 36 percent. Therefore, the cultivation method has obvious improvement effect on practical application and production benefit, and has great popularization and application value.

Claims (9)

1. A breeding method for improving the safe overwintering of shrimp larvae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of pond bottom:
when the pond bottom is dry, firstly uniformly spraying a pretreating agent on the pond bottom, and then injecting clear water into the pond;
(2) water discharging treatment:
after clear water is injected into the pond for 8-10 hours, carrying out water drainage treatment on the pond until the pond is dry;
(3) adding a wintering auxiliary agent:
spraying the wintering aid to the pond bottom, and performing conventional wintering protection on the pond after the wintering aid is sprayed to the pond bottom.
2. The cultivation method for improving the safe overwintering of the young shrimps as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment agent in the step (1) is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3-6 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 2-7 parts of isatis root, 1-4 parts of reed rhizome, 3-8 parts of myrobalan, 1-5 parts of honeysuckle and 2-6 parts of mint.
3. The cultivation method for improving the safe overwintering of the young shrimps as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the pretreatment agent comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, mixing and crushing astragalus, bighead atractylodes rhizome, isatis root, reed rhizome, myrobalan, honeysuckle and mint together, and then solarizing for 2-3 days in the sun for later use;
2) mixing the crushed materials with water, boiling, filtering after 2-3 hours to obtain filtrate and filter residues for later use;
3) and (4) crushing the filter residue again, and mixing the filter residue and the filtrate uniformly.
4. The cultivation method for improving the safe overwintering of the young shrimps as claimed in claim 3, wherein the particle size of the mixed and crushed material in the step 1) is 100 meshes.
5. The cultivation method for improving the safe overwintering of the young shrimps as claimed in claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the materials in the step 2) and water is 1: 6 to 7.
6. The cultivation method for improving the safe overwintering of the young shrimps as claimed in claim 3, wherein the grain size of the filter residue is controlled to be 300 meshes after the regrinding treatment in the step 3).
7. The cultivation method for improving the safe overwintering of the young shrimps as claimed in claim 1, wherein the overwintering aid in the step (3) is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of compound vitamin, 8-12 parts of fish meal, 30-35 parts of soybean meal, 40-50 parts of cottonseed meal, 2-6 parts of vegetable oil, 4-10 parts of lycopene and 25-35 parts of corn flour.
8. The cultivation method for improving the safe overwintering of the young shrimps as claimed in claim 7, wherein the vitamin complex comprises vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E.
9. The cultivation method for improving the safe overwintering of the young shrimps as claimed in claim 7, wherein the vegetable oil is any one of soybean oil, peanut oil and rapeseed oil.
CN202110887838.7A 2021-08-03 2021-08-03 Breeding method for improving safe overwintering of shrimp larvae Pending CN113575478A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107279006A (en) * 2017-07-25 2017-10-24 合肥仙之峰农业科技有限公司 A kind of cultural method of lobster
CN107821262A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-03-23 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 Cray winter cultural method
CN108850682A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-11-23 全椒县花溪湖特种水产专业合作社 A kind of feed promoting shrimp culture benefit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107279006A (en) * 2017-07-25 2017-10-24 合肥仙之峰农业科技有限公司 A kind of cultural method of lobster
CN107821262A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-03-23 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 Cray winter cultural method
CN108850682A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-11-23 全椒县花溪湖特种水产专业合作社 A kind of feed promoting shrimp culture benefit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
惠农网: "小龙虾安全过冬需这样做好越冬期管理", 《百度》 *

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Application publication date: 20211102