CN113573793A

CN113573793A - Cleaning device and cleaning method for dust collector

Info

Publication number: CN113573793A
Application number: CN202080017988.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏纳·马尔凯西尼
Original assignee: Wamgroup SpA
Current assignee: Wamgroup SpA
Priority date: 2019-01-08
Filing date: 2020-01-08
Publication date: 2021-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-08
Also published as: IT201900000175A1; WO2020144595A1; WO2020144595A9; CN113573793B

Abstract

An apparatus and a method for manufacturing a cleaning system for a dust collector (1) for gaseous fluids are described, the dust collector having a vertical structure equipped with a vertical channel (2) for introducing the fluid to be dedusted and a vertical pipe (3) for outputting the dedusted fluid. The device includes: a hammering device (4, 104) which causes an impact stroke on the head of the dust collector on command; an isolation system (5, 105) positioned on command in an open position or a closed position, respectively allowing or preventing the outward flow of fluid from the conduit; first means for bringing the isolation system in a closed position and for actuating the hammering means to achieve a variable number of striking strokes as required; second means for holding the isolation system in a closed position during operation of the hammering device and for bringing the isolation system to an open position at the end of hammering. The method and hammering step causing dust to detach from the filter channel includes the steps of: using a first energy source, actuating an actuator that acts on the isolation system for preventing the dusted fluid from flowing out towards the cleaning fluid zone; actuating a restriction device using the second energy source, the restriction device maintaining an interruption in the outflow of the dedusted fluid and continuing the hammering step for a predetermined time and a predetermined number of strokes using the first energy source; interrupting the two energy sources to end the hammering step, and a step for preventing the dusted fluid from flowing out toward the cleaning fluid area and reestablishing the initial state.

Description

Cleaning device and cleaning method for dust collector

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cleaning device and a cleaning method for a dust collector for gaseous fluids.

Background

The dust collector to which the cleaning system (device and method) according to the invention applies is in particular an industrial machine (dust collector) which processes a gaseous fluid (generally air) contaminated by pollutants from industrial conversion processes, wherein the dust present in the air represents a significant percentage, since it is much greater than the normal dust inventory in the ambient air. The purpose of these machines is to treat the contaminated industrial air so that it is discharged into the atmosphere and/or compatible with the surrounding working environment. These dust collectors can be used to remove dust from a gaseous fluid consisting of air containing dust, generated in the loading of silos or in transformation, movement, cutting or other industrial processes actuated, for example, by mixing devices, conveyors, packaging machines, batching machines, thermal or mechanical cutting machines, etc.; these gaseous fluids cannot be discharged into the atmosphere or reused without prior elimination of the dust they contain. These dust collectors occupy a total volume, which may even be several cubic meters, and are usually made of one or more filter units, in each of which there are many filter elements using one or more cleaning systems.

In their industrial application, these dust collectors process air containing fine dust, defined as having a concentration of from about 0.5gr/m when the particle size varies from about 1 micron to 200 microns³To 500gr/m³。

Due to the large amount of dust in the air to be filtered, the filter elements of the dust collector tend to become clogged very quickly. Therefore, these dust collectors must be combined with an automatic or semi-automatic cycle cleaning system (the intervention of the cleaning system is at the discretion of the operator and not controlled by a logic system).

In industrial dust collectors, the cleaning system is a critical element of the correct operation of the dust collector: due to the dust concentration in the fluid typical of these applications, the dust collector will be quickly taken out of service if the filter surface is infrequently and effectively cleaned of excess dust deposited thereon.

The systems for cleaning the filtering elements inside the filters of industrial dust collectors are of the mechanical and/or pneumatic type:

one known pneumatic system comprises one or more jets of compressed air which are cyclically blown into the space defined by the filtering surface. Thus, the compressed clean air travels in a counter-current path (i.e., from the interior to the exterior of the filter surface) relative to the path of the contaminated air.

Another known pneumatic system comprises one or more low-pressure air jets which are located close to the filter element and are directed in a precise manner into the passage of the filter element to be cleaned.

One known mechanical system performs a shaking motion in the lower part of the filter elements obtained by means of combs inserted between the individual filter elements and moves them in a horizontal direction.

Another mechanical system generates vibrations, which are usually applied in the upper part of the filter element.

In any case, all cleaning systems are designed to clean the filter medium by particle drag obtained with the cleaning fluid flow, or by shaking the filter fabric, which causes the particles to separate from the filter fabric and fall down by gravity.

The dust collectors known so far have a plurality of tubular filter elements with a circular, oval or polygonal cross section, with open and closed ends, in such a way as to have a side from which only dirty air enters and a side from which only clean filtered air exits. The housings of these filter elements represent the filtration surface, can be made of various types of fabric or cellulose, and can be smooth or provided with pleats; the pleats increase the nominal filter surface, but typically define at their tips portions where dust is hidden in a more difficult manner to remove, thereby making the effective filter surface smaller (and sometimes significantly smaller) than the nominal filter surface. In fact, the sharp edges of the pleated element are the starting points for dust adhesion and the formation of distinct lumps which obstruct the passage of air and reduce the filtration efficiency.

Therefore, it is very important to find a geometry that allows the smallest possible space for dust to accumulate; however, cleaning systems that separate dust from the filter element and restore the operating efficiency of the filter are even more important.

The separation of the dust must be carried out in a very short time and with the least possible energy consumption.

The fact that the dust remaining in the pleats remains stagnant, in addition to reducing the filter surface provided to the air, is particularly serious in food applications where stagnant dust is seriously negative due to the risk of bacterial growth; the wrinkling is also not very effective for all dusts which tend to compact. In any case, the presence of wrinkles or the presence of materials that do not have the necessary rigidity causes greater difficulties in obtaining an effective cleaning system.

Depending on the mode of operation of the dust collector, the gaseous fluid to be dedusted can enter from the open end of the filter element, or the dust-free gaseous fluid can exit from the open end of the filter element; in the first case, the dust is deposited in the inner surface of the filter element, while in the second case the dust is deposited on its outer surface. The cleaning system may be located on both sides of the filter element, however, preferably the cleaning system is mounted on the side where the clean air exits.

In known dust collectors, the filter surface is usually associated with a reinforcing structure, internal or external to the filter element, designed to prevent any deformation of the filter element during operation of the dust collector, which would reduce the filter surface exposed to the fluid flow to be dedusted.

The construction of these dust collectors has to deal with problems typical and specific to them, which, as mentioned above, are of considerable size and have to filter large quantities of gaseous fluids. For example, it is necessary to try to increase the ratio between the effective filtering surface and the space occupied by the filter, that is to say to increase the filtering efficiency at the same size as other filters of the same type; it is also necessary to reduce as much as possible the energy consumption required for the operation and cleaning of these dust collectors.

Current cleaning systems, in particular of the mechanical type mentioned, are rather complex to construct and their operation is not very versatile. Moreover, its effectiveness is not always entirely satisfactory.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device which enable to provide a cleaning system for dust collectors which solves the above mentioned problems of the prior art in a better way than prior art cleaning systems applied to the same type of dust collectors as mentioned above.

In a first aspect of the invention, a device is provided for obtaining a cleaning system for a dust separator for cleaning a gaseous fluid, the cleaning system being used with the dust separator, the dust separator having a vertical structure and comprising a plurality of vertical channels having open ends for the input of the fluid to be cleaned of dust and a plurality of vertical ducts having open ends for the output of the fluid cleaned of dust, wherein the open ends of the channels and ducts open into opposite heads of the dust separator, the device being of the type comprising hammering means for producing on command an impact stroke on the head of the dust separator, characterized in that: the device comprises an isolation system that can adopt, on command, an open position in which it allows the fluid coming from an open end that opens into the head of the dust separator to flow towards the outside, and a closed position in which it prevents this flow; first means for moving the isolation system to its closed position on command and for causing the step of actuating the hammering means to perform a plurality of impact strokes, which are variable as required; second means for holding the isolation system in its closed position during the step of actuating the hammering device and for allowing the isolation system to return to the open position at the end of the hammering step.

An advantage of the present invention is that it provides an efficient cleaning system having a reduced overall size and operating with low energy consumption.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a device having a relatively strong and robust structure that can be installed to achieve various advantages: lighter, smaller size, better integration with processing machines or industrial plants.

A further advantage of the present invention is that it provides a method for manufacturing a cleaning system that is easy to set according to the conditions of the filtered dust, that is to say according to the particle size, type and water content of the dust.

These objects and advantages, and others, are achieved by the present invention as described in the appended claims.

Drawings

Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the steps of the method according to the invention, illustrated purely by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, and of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment for manufacturing a dust collector according to the invention, in which:

figure 1 shows a schematic cross-section of a dust collector associated with a first embodiment of a cleaning device according to the invention;

figures 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d show schematic cross-sections of a first embodiment of a cleaning device according to the invention shown in various operating conditions;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present invention with some components cut away to better show other components;

figure 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present invention with some parts cut away to better show other parts.

Detailed Description

The device according to the invention is used for manufacturing a cleaning system for a dust collector 1 for gaseous fluids. This device is used for cleaning dust collectors having a vertical structure, which is preferably rigid, and which comprises a plurality of vertical channels 2 having open ends for the introduction of the fluid to be dedusted and a plurality of vertical ducts 3 having open ends for the discharge of the dedusted fluid; the open ends of the channels and conduits open into the opposite head of the dirt container. The side walls of the ducts and channels are made of a filter fabric.

The following description and the accompanying drawings relate to a dust collector in which the open end of a vertical channel into which fluid to be dedusted enters is located in a lower head, while the open end of a vertical duct out of which dedusted air flows out is located in an upper head of the dust collector. The ends of the ducts and channels are firmly connected to the upper head 20 of the dust collector; the head is an integral part of the rigid structure of the dust collector and is configured to hermetically seal the end of the passage and open the end of the conduit. In this way, the dust collector clearly separates the region containing the dust-containing fluid (in the lower part) from the region containing the dusted fluid (in the upper part).

Similar to prior art devices of this type, the device according to the invention comprises a

hammering device

4, 104 to produce an impact stroke on the head of the dust collector, in the figure, on the upper head.

The device according to the invention comprises an

isolation system

5, 105 which can take on command an open position in which it allows the fluid from the open end of the upper head 20 leading to the dust collector to flow towards the outside, and a closed position in which it prevents the flow. During normal operation of the dust collector, the isolation system of the device according to the invention is in its open position. In order to perform the cleaning of the dust collector, there are first means for bringing the isolation system to its closed position on command; these first means also result in the step of actuating the hammering means so as to obtain a plurality of impact strokes that can be varied as required. The device comprises second means allowing the isolation system to remain in its closed position during the step of actuating the hammering device; these second means also allow the isolation system to return to the open position at the end of the hammering step.

Said first means comprise a

cam

6, 106, which is rotated on command by a

motor

8, 108 and has a profile that interacts with the isolation system to move it from the open position to the closed position; the cam is also provided with

contact elements

7, 107 which actuate the hammering device during rotation of the cam.

The second means comprise electromagnetic means (for example, an electromagnet 9, 109) which are energized together with the power supply of the electric motor; when the isolation system comprising at least one

portion

13, 113 made of ferromagnetic material is brought into its closed position, the

ferromagnetic portion

13, 113 of the isolation system is in contact with the electromagnetic device and is held in this closed position by the electromagnetic device. In this way, the second means prevent interaction between the isolation system and the cam profile during continued rotation of the cam as required according to a predetermined operating program. In other words, once the isolation system is blocked by the electromagnet, the cam can continue to rotate in order to actuate the hammering device to cause an impact stroke on the upper head of the dust collector while the isolation system remains in its closed position.

The hammering device of the cleaning device according to the present invention comprises a

tower

10, 110 fixed with respect to the head 20 of the dust collector. Typically, the tower is secured to a frame surrounding the upper head of the dust collector. The device according to the invention comprises a

distributor

25a, 125 which rests firmly on the upper head of the dust collector and is designed to distribute the shock wave uniformly over the surface of the head 20 of the dust collector. This dispenser is obviously shaped and positioned in such a way as not to obstruct the open end of the duct leading to the upper head, so as not to prevent the cleaning fluid from flowing through the open end.

Sliding inside the tower is an

impact element

11, 111 which cyclically rises and falls to generate a shock wave on the surface of the head of the dust collector. The impact element is held and returned to its lowered position, which brings it into contact with the dust collector head by means of the

first compression spring

24, 124. As described in more detail below, the movement of the impact element is controlled by the cam.

According to a first embodiment, said insulation system 5 comprises a frame 14 surrounding the dust collector head in a sealed manner, on the outside of which ferromagnetic contact elements 13 are attached. Also fixed to the frame is a support to which the tower is connected, in this embodiment represented by a pair of guides 25. Below the guides there is a frame 25a which has the function of a distributor for correctly relieving the stresses exerted by the impact elements. The frame 25a may also be integrated in the head of the dust collector. The isolation system also includes a support base 16 on which is located a shroud 17 which encloses the head of the dust collector and the hammering device. The support base is hinged to the frame and has an electromagnet 9 on the opposite side of the hinge. Obviously, it is possible to connect the electromagnet to the frame and the ferromagnetic contact element to the supporting base instead.

Resilient means are provided, which in this embodiment are made of a second compression spring 18 located between the head and the support base of the dust collector, which are designed to keep the isolation system in the open position.

The profile of the cam 6 interacts on the upper part of the support base which, as it rotates, presses on the support base and overcomes the force of the spring, causing the rotation of the support base and, while energized, moving the electromagnet 9 into contact with the ferromagnetic contact element 13 which locks the isolation system in the closed position. In this closed position, the support base rests in a sealed manner on the frame.

The cam is connected to a contact element, which in this embodiment consists of a lifting pin 7, only the base of which is shown in the figures, since the pin is positioned with its axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the cam; the pin 7 interacts with a contact element 26 provided on the percussion element. The pin pushes the impact element upwards during its arc of rotation and compresses the first spring 24; in the subsequent arc of rotation, the impact element is released and, pushed by the first spring, falls downwards, thus generating a shock wave on the head 20 of the dust collector. The preloading of the spring 24 makes the striking of the striking element much more effective than when the striking element falls due to gravity. These operational steps are shown in fig. 2.

According to a second embodiment of the cleaning device according to the invention, the isolation system 105 comprises a hood 117 which encloses the dust collector head 20 and the hammering device. According to this embodiment, the tower of the hammering device is fixed to the outer frame of the dust collector by the bracket 110; the impact element of the hammering device acts on a distributor, represented by the grid 125, which is positioned on the head of the dust collector and is designed to correctly discharge the stress exerted by the impact element; the dispenser does not in any case block the opening provided in the head. The cover surrounds the head of the dust collector in a sealed manner and is equipped at the top with an opening 119 which opens outwards when the insulation system is in the open position. The isolation system includes a tapered shutter 120 with its larger base facing the opening, on which it interacts with the cam profile of the hammering device. The shutter is shaped and positioned in such a way as to be able to close on command said opening of the hood; on the peripheral edge of the larger seat of the shutter, there is a gasket ensuring the hermetic sealing of the closure. The rams shown have a tapered shape even though different shapes of rams are possible.

The shutter has an axial stem 121 slidable over a bush provided by a cross-member 122 provided on the opening of the cap; the lower part of the rod is slidably inserted into a cavity 123 provided on the striking element of the hammering device.

On the upper part of the rod 121, at the end of its travel, there is a ferromagnetic contact element 113, the electromagnet 109, when energized, interacting with the contact element 113 and locking the shutter in its closed position, which closes the opening of the enclosure. Obviously, in this embodiment it is also possible to reverse the position of the electromagnet and the position of the ferromagnetic contact element.

Resilient means are provided, which in this embodiment are made by a second compression spring 118 located between the lower seat of the shutter and the cross-shaped element provided on the opening of the hood, designed to keep the shutter in the open position.

According to this embodiment, the end 107 of the cam interacts with a contact element 126 provided on the impact element as the cam rotates. The cam pulls the impact element upward during its arc of rotation and compresses the first spring 124; at the same time, the impact element pushes the shutter upwards until its ferromagnetic contact element 113 comes into contact with the electromagnet 109, which is simultaneously energised; in this way, the shutter and therefore the insulation system is locked in its closed position. In the subsequent arc of rotation, the impact element is released and pushed by the first spring 124, falling downwards, thereby generating a shock wave on the dust collector head 20. Also in this case, the preloading of the spring 124 makes the impact of the percussion element much more effective than when the percussion element falls due to gravity.

As mentioned above, in both embodiments described, once the isolation system is locked by the electromagnetic device, the cam can continue to rotate in order to actuate the hammering device to produce an impact stroke on the upper head of the dust collector while the isolation system remains in its closed position.

The operation of the cleaning system according to the invention takes place as follows.

During normal operation of the dust collector, the isolation system of the device according to the invention is in its open position and the dedusted fluid can freely escape to the outside; the hammer device is inactive and the electromagnetic device in both the first and second embodiments is not energized.

When the dust container is to be cleaned, using the power supply and using the method indicated in the above embodiment, the first means for moving the isolation system to the closed position is activated, then the second means for energizing the electromagnetic means which holds the isolation system in the closed position is activated, and the hammering means are activated. The flow towards the outside of the dedusted fluid is interrupted and, obviously, the fluid flow to be dedusted is interrupted (in short, the isolation system interrupts the fluid flow through the dust collector), and the hammering device is repeatedly operated and exerts on the filter element a stroke causing the dust to detach from the inner surface of its vertical channel. Since the flow of the fluid to be dedusted is interrupted and does not hinder the falling, as described above, it is possible for the separated dust to fall downward by gravity.

The power supply is switched off when the hammering device has given the desired number of strokes, which, as mentioned above, is freely selected and determined by the operator on the basis of the type of dust, the humidity of the environment and the characteristics of the filter device. This causes the hammering device to stop and the action of the electromagnetic device is interrupted in such a way that the isolation system is free to return to its open position, pushed by the second device. The hammer device stops when the motor is in a precise angular position so that its cam does not prevent the isolation system from returning to the fully open position.

When the cleaning device is in this position, the fluid flow is reactivated through the dust collector, whereupon the dust collector returns to its normal dust removal function.

In this way, the described cleaning system allows the partition to close for a desired length of time while releasing a desired number of strokes. This system makes it possible to build a cleaning system that adapts to more or less fine dust and more or less clogging, or to link this number of strokes to a system for controlling the filtration efficiency. The change in the number of strokes need not be accompanied by a change in the mechanical parts, but may be determined by the operator by simply changing the power supply time of the device.

The cleaning method according to the invention is used for a dust collector for gaseous fluids having a vertical structure comprising a vertical filter channel into which the fluid to be dedusted from a fluid zone containing dust is introduced and a vertical pipe from which dedusted fluid from the filter channel flows towards a cleaning fluid zone. As with some prior art methods, it includes a hammering step which causes dust to separate from the filter channel and causes the dust to fall by gravity towards a collection point.

The method according to the invention is carried out starting from an initial normal operating condition of the dust collector, in which the fluid to be dedusted enters the vertical channel, deposits the dust in the vertical filtering channel, exiting through the vertical duct towards the clean environment; the method starts when it is evaluated, using a suitable analysis system of known type, that the operation of the dust collector is no longer acceptable due to excessive deposition of dust in the filtering channel.

The method according to the invention comprises an initial step of actuating an actuator by means of a first energy source, the actuator acting on an isolation system to prevent the escape of dust-cleaned fluid towards the clean fluid zone. According to a further step, activating a restriction device by a second energy source, the restriction device maintaining an interruption of the output of the dusted fluid; this step also includes continuing to actuate the actuator by the first energy source to cause the hammering step for a predetermined time and a predetermined number of strokes. Preferably, the first and second energy sources provide energy of the electrical type; in this case, an electromechanical actuator and an electromagnetic restraint device are used.

Once the action of the hammering means is deemed sufficient to clean the filtering surface, which action causes the dust to detach from the filtering surface and fall by gravity of the dust into the collecting region, the step of interrupting the two energy sources is performed to complete the hammering step and the step of preventing the dust-removed fluid from being discharged towards the cleaning fluid region, thereby restoring the initial operating condition of the dust collector.

If the first and second energy sources are powered, they are conveniently activated and deactivated very simply by providing a single command, for example by means of a conventional electric switch, which allows to power both the electromechanical type of actuator and the electromagnetic restriction device. In short, a single command is used which actuates the means of the cleaning system by the same power source (which constitutes both the first and the second energy source).

In both of the above embodiments, the cleaning device according to the invention allows to carry out the method, since it has all the elements capable of actuating the various steps of the method.

Claims

1. A cleaning device for cleaning a dust collector of a gaseous fluid, comprising: a hammering device (4, 104) operable for causing an impact stroke on a head (20) of the dust collector; an isolation system (5, 105) movable between an open position in which the isolation system (5, 105) allows fluid communication between the dust collector and an environment external to the dust collector, and a closed position in which the isolation system (5, 105) prevents fluid communication between the dust collector and the environment; -first means operable for bringing the isolation system into the closed position and for actuating the hammering means so as to initiate a hammering step, characterized in that the cleaning device further comprises: a second device operable for holding the isolation system in the closed position when the isolation system is in the closed position such that the hammering device can be actuated with a freely selectable number of impact strokes while the isolation system remains in the closed position, the second device further configured to allow the isolation system to be brought back to the open position at the end of the hammering step.

2. The cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that said first means comprise a cam (6, 106) rotatable on command and having a profile suitable for interacting with said isolation system to move it from said open position to said closed position; the cam is provided with a contact element (7, 107) arranged to actuate the hammering device during rotation of the cam; the second device is configured to prevent interaction between the isolation system and the profile of the cam.

3. Cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cam is rotatably driven by an electric motor (8, 108); the second means comprise electromagnetic means (9, 109) adapted to be energized when the electric motor is powered, so as to block the isolation system in its closed position.

4. Cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning device comprises a distributor (25a, 125) for distributing the shock wave caused by the hammering device on the head of the dust separator.

5. The cleaning device of claim 3, wherein: the hammering device (4) comprises a tower (10) fixed with respect to the head (20) of the dust separator, an impact element (11) adapted to slide inside said tower (10), said impact element (11) being controlled by said cam (8) and configured to cyclically ascend and descend to give an impact stroke which induces a shock wave on the head of the dust separator; the insulation system (5) comprises a frame (14) sealingly surrounding the head of the dust separator, a ferromagnetic contact element (13) being attached outside the frame (14); -the insulation system (5) comprises a support base (16) on which a hood (17) is positioned, said hood enclosing the dust separator head and the hammering device (4), said hood (17) being hinged to the frame and having the electromagnetic device (9) at the opposite end; the profile of the cam (8) interacting on the support base; resilient means (18) are provided which are adapted to hold the insulation system in the open position.

6. The cleaning apparatus defined in claim 5, wherein in the closed position of the isolation system, the support base sealingly rests on the frame.

7. The cleaning device of claim 3, wherein: said hammering device (104) comprising a tower (110) fixed with respect to a head (20) of the dust separator, an impact element (111) adapted to slide within said tower (110), said impact element (111) being controlled by said cam (106) and configured to cyclically ascend and descend to give an impact stroke which induces a shock wave on said head of the dust separator; the insulation system (105) comprises a hood (117) enclosing the head of the dust separator and the hammering device (104) and sealingly enclosing the head of the dust separator thereunder, an opening (119) being provided at the top of the hood (117), the opening (119) being open towards the outside when the insulation system is in the open position; said insulation system comprises shutters (120) on which the profile of said cam (106) interacts, said shutters (120) being shaped and positioned in such a way as to close on command said opening (119); said electromagnetic means comprise an electromagnet (109) which blocks said shutter (120) in its closed position, in which it closes said opening of said hood; resilient means (118) are provided which are adapted to hold the shutter in an open position.

8. Cleaning device according to claim 7, characterized in that said shutter (120) has a conical shape with a larger base facing said opening and has an axial stem (121) which can slide upwards in a bush provided on a cross-shaped element (122) provided on said opening of said cover; the lower part of the rod is slidably inserted into a cavity (123) provided on an impact element (111) of the hammering device; the shutter is pushed toward the opening of the hood by the ascent of the impact member to close the opening.

9. A cleaning method for a dust separator of a gaseous fluid, for use with a dust separator having a vertical structure comprising a vertical filtering channel into which the fluid to be dedusted is introduced, the fluid coming from a region of the fluid containing dust, the dust separator further comprising a vertical duct from which a dust-free fluid escapes towards the cleaning fluid region, the dust-free fluid coming from the filtering channel, wherein a hammering step is provided which causes dust to separate from the filtering channel and to fall by gravity towards a collection point, characterized in that, starting from an initial situation of normal operation of the dust separator, the method comprises the following steps: actuating, by a first energy source, an actuator acting on an isolation system for preventing the flow of dedusted fluid out towards the clean fluid zone; actuating a restriction device by a second energy source, the restriction device maintaining an interruption in the outflow of dedusted fluid and the first energy source continuing to actuate the actuator to cause a hammering step for a predetermined time and a predetermined number of strokes; interrupting both energy sources to end the hammering step; and a step of preventing the dedusted fluid from flowing out toward the clean fluid area and thereby reestablishing the initial state.

10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that said first and second energy sources power said actuator of the electromechanical type and said constraint device of the electromagnetic type.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the steps of activating and deactivating the first energy source and the second energy source are obtained by a single command to activate a single source that provides both the first energy source and the second energy source.