CN113572417A - Self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device - Google Patents

Self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113572417A
CN113572417A CN202110708419.2A CN202110708419A CN113572417A CN 113572417 A CN113572417 A CN 113572417A CN 202110708419 A CN202110708419 A CN 202110708419A CN 113572417 A CN113572417 A CN 113572417A
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China
Prior art keywords
conical
sealing cover
self
sealing
base
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Granted
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CN202110708419.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113572417B (en
Inventor
莫景文
王晨
曾嘉莹
沙菁
魏志勇
陈云飞
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/10Cleaning arrangements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B17/00Methods preventing fouling
    • B08B17/02Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
    • B08B17/06Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B32B3/085Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts spaced apart pieces on the surface of a layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/08Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/728Hydrophilic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/73Hydrophobic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/754Self-cleaning
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device, which comprises a base and a sealing cover, wherein the upper surface of the base is provided with a plurality of conical entities, the sealing cover is provided with a plurality of sealing ports, and the sealing ports are used for penetrating through the conical entities; the sealing cover is connected with the base, and the conical entity extends out of the surface of the sealing cover from the sealing opening; the surface of the conical solid body is provided with a hydrophilic coating, and the surface of the sealing cover is provided with a hydrophobic layer. The invention can realize the self-cleaning of the surface in a humid environment, effectively prevent the surface from being damaged by the aggregation and solidification of water vapor on the surface in a cold environment, reduce the maintenance cost, has convenient installation, no complex mechanical structure and good mechanical stability, does not need external energy after the installation and has good application prospect.

Description

Self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of self-cleaning surface devices, in particular to a self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device.
Background
The surface maintenance is one of the important directions of the modern industrial science and technology development, the self-cleaning composite surface with the characteristics of multifunction, low maintenance cost and the like also has great practicability, and has wide application in the technical fields of spaceflight, energy, buildings, chemical engineering and the like. With the development of modern technology, a great number of modern buildings and devices appear, and besides the improvement of the internal functions, the maintenance of the external surfaces of the buildings and devices is an important subject of the technical development. While the surface is being studied in an effort to improve its utility, it is desirable to minimize the cost of maintaining the surface and preferably to enable self-maintenance of the surface. General surfaces tend to accumulate dust over time, affecting the appearance, and for certain functional surfaces, such as solar panels, the accumulation of dust on the surface can reduce the productivity of the surface. In cold environments, dust on the surface also easily causes water vapor to adhere to the surface, which causes the wall to be broken, and the cleaning is performed regularly, which undoubtedly increases the maintenance cost. There is also a certain maintenance risk, especially when the surface is in an extreme environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device, which improves the self-cleaning capability of the surface and avoids dust accumulation and surface icing.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device comprises a base and a sealing cover, wherein a plurality of conical entities are arranged on the upper surface of the base, a plurality of sealing ports are formed in the sealing cover, and the sealing ports are used for penetrating through the conical entities; the sealing cover is connected with the base, and the conical entity extends out of the surface of the sealing cover from the sealing opening; the surface of the conical solid body is provided with a hydrophilic coating, and the surface of the sealing cover is provided with a hydrophobic layer.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the structure of the conical entity comprises a column section and a conical section, one end of the column section is connected with the base, the other end of the column section is connected with the conical section, the conical section is a conical rotating body with an inward concave side face, and the conical entity is in a structure that the sealing opening extends out of the surface of the sealing cover.
And an included angle alpha between a tangent line of the concave side surface at the vertex of the conical section and the central axis of the conical section is 10 degrees.
And a buffer gasket is arranged between the base and the sealing cover, and a through hole for the cone-shaped entity to pass through is formed in the buffer gasket.
The cushion pad is corrugated.
And a sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface between the sealing port and the conical solid.
The conical solid bodies are uniformly and densely distributed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can realize the self-cleaning of the surface in a humid environment, effectively prevent the surface from being damaged by the aggregation and solidification of water vapor on the surface in a cold environment, reduce the maintenance cost, has convenient installation, no complex mechanical structure and good mechanical stability, does not need external energy after the installation and has good application prospect.
The structure combining the sealing cover and the base can realize the separation of the self-cleaning surface and the functional cone, so that the composite structure is more convenient to process, maintain and clean, only corresponding parts need to be replaced when the surface is damaged, and the sealing structure has the advantage of low maintenance cost. The surfaces of the conical entity and the sealing cover of the invention need to be respectively treated with hydrophilic treatment and hydrophobic treatment, and the separated design can facilitate the surface treatment and improve the usability of the composite surface.
The side surface of the conical section of the conical entity is arranged to be concave, compared with the conventional conical structure, the conical entity has higher transmission efficiency, is beneficial to the rapid flow of condensed water drops, and further improves the anti-icing performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a conical entity of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a molecular dynamics model of cone segments with different indent degrees of the cone-shaped entity of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the relationship between the degree of concavity of the cone section of the conical solid body of the present invention and the average speed of water droplet transport.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a sealing cover; 3. a tapered solid body; 4. sealing the opening; 5. a cushion pad; 6. a seal ring; 7. a bolt; 31. a column section; 32. a conical section.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
In arid environments, some biological structures have mist-collecting capabilities, such as conical spines on the cactus stem and spider silk with fusiform processes and node structures. After being captured by the conical structures, the water vapor can spontaneously move to the part with larger radius of the section of the cone and is combined into large water drops, so that the water vapor is collected. This configuration results in more efficient directional movement of the water droplets than other strategies of directional movement of the water droplets, and does not require intervention from an external energy source. Inspired by the structure, the self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device of the embodiment adopts the composite surface with the bionic structure, and can automatically collect moisture in a humid environment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device of the embodiment includes a base 1 and a sealing cover 2, wherein the upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a plurality of conical entities 3, the sealing cover 2 is provided with a plurality of sealing ports 4, and the sealing ports 4 are used for penetrating through the conical entities 3; the sealing cover 2 is connected with the base 1, and the conical solid 3 extends out of the surface of the sealing cover 2 from the sealing opening 4; the surface of the sealing cover 2 is provided with a hydrophobic layer, and the surface of the conical entity 3 is provided with a hydrophilic coating.
As shown in fig. 3, the structure of the conical solid 3 includes a column section 31 and a conical section 32, one end of the column section 31 is connected with the base 1, the other end is connected with the conical section 32, the conical section 32 is a conical rotator with a concave side, and the structure of the conical solid 3 extending from the sealing opening 4 to the outside of the surface of the sealing cover 2 is the conical section 32.
The column section 31 as a base may be fixed to the base 1 by welding.
The hydrophilic coating is disposed primarily on the surface of the cone section 32.
The hydrophobic layer and the hydrophilic coating are realized through a surface treatment process, and the hydrophilic coating facilitates automatic collection of water drops on the surface of the hydrophilic conical section 32, so that the water collection effect is improved. Particularly in cold environment, due to the strong hydrophilicity of the surface, the water vapor can be more easily condensed on the cone body 3, and the damage to the surface is avoided. The hydrophobic layer facilitates water drainage when water drops slide down on the surface of the sealing cover 2. And the hydrophobic layer can reduce the adhesion of water drops on the surface in cold environment.
As shown in fig. 4, the tangent of the concave side surface at the vertex of the conical segment 32 forms an angle α with the central axis of the conical segment 32, and preferably α is 10 °.
The side surface of the conical section 32 is concave, which is beneficial to the rapid directional movement of water drops.
Specifically, the tapered entities 3 may be densely arranged on the upper surface of the base 1 in an array. The surface damage caused by the large-area ice layer formed by the accumulation of a large amount of water drops on the surface of the sealing cover 2 is avoided.
A buffer gasket 5 is arranged between the base 1 and the sealing cover 2, and a through hole for the cone-shaped entity 3 to pass through is arranged on the buffer gasket 5.
The buffer gasket 5 is corrugated, the corrugated structure can fill the gap between the base 1 and the sealing cover 2 on one hand, rigid collision to the inside of the structure is avoided, and on the other hand, the surface has a certain buffer energy distance with the base 1 when being collided, so that the overall anti-collision capacity of the composite surface is improved.
And a sealing ring 6 is arranged on the contact surface between the sealing port 4 and the conical solid body 3. The sealing ring 6 plays a role in sealing and buffering.
The base 1 and the sealing cover 2 are positioned and reinforced by fasteners such as bolts 7 and the like.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
the cone-shaped solid body 3 after the surface hydrophilic treatment spontaneously collects water vapor from the environment, and when the collected water vapor is condensed into a water drop with enough size, a certain pressure difference is generated inside the water drop due to the structure of the cone-shaped solid body 3 to promote the water drop to directionally move to the root of the cone-shaped solid body. The principle of directional movement of water drops on the conical solid 3 is shown in fig. 3, when water vapor is collected on the surface of the conical section 32 and reaches a certain specification, water drops are formed and attached to the surface of the conical section, the thick solid line in fig. 3 is the projection of the water drops on the outer contour of the conical surface, and because the conical section has a certain structural gradient, the radius R of the outer contour of the water drops on the projection surface close to the top of the conical bodytipWill be smaller than the radius R of the plane of projection near the root of the coneroot. The pressure inside the drop can be calculated according to the Laplace equation, Δ P ≈ γ (1/R)tip-1/Rroot) Wherein γ is the surface tension of the liquid. As can be seen from the formula, the pressure of the water drop profile near the top of the cone is higher than that near the root of the cone, so that a pressure difference gradient exists inside the water drop attached to the surface of the cone, and the water drop is pushed to directionally move from the solid tip to the root.
The side of the cone section 32 of the conical solid 3 in the embodiment is provided with an inner concave shape, and the inner concave surface has higher transmission efficiency and enables water drops to move faster compared with the conventional cone model through molecular dynamics simulation.
The simulation was performed using the molecular dynamics model shown in FIG. 4, in which the sphere represents a water droplet with a radius r0. The side surfaces of the conical section 32 are concave arcs in cross section. Alpha is the included angle between the tangent line of the concave arc at the vertex of the conical section 32 and the central z-axis of the conical section 32, and alpha represents the concave degree of the side surface of the conical section 32. The smaller alpha is, the smaller the radius of the concave arc is seen from the cross section, namely, the more concave degree is. α -4When the angle is 5 degrees, the radius of the concave arc is infinite, namely the concave degree tends to 0, and the concave arc is converted into a conventional cone.
The included angle between the bottom surface of the cone section 32 and the tangent line in the experimental model is also alpha. For quantitative comparison, the average speed of surface movement of the water droplets in three cases of α ═ 10 °, α ═ 25 °, and α ═ 45 ° was analyzed when the height H of the conical segment 32 was the same. As a result, as shown in fig. 5, the smaller α, the faster the water droplet moves. The water drop is nearly 3 times faster at α 10 ° than at α 45 °.
Since the surface of the sealing cover 2 of the embodiment has hydrophobicity, water drops are difficult to maintain balance on the surface of the sealing cover 2, and slide off the surface under the action of gravity, and meanwhile, dust and impurities on the surface are carried away, so that the self-cleaning function is realized. In order to improve the drainage efficiency, the composite surface is placed at a certain angle during the concrete implementation, and the water drops collected on the hydrophobic surface of the sealing cover 2 can spontaneously slide from the surface under the influence of gravity, so that the drainage function is realized. In cold environments, damage to the surface is mainly due to the accumulation of moisture on the surface forming large or extensive layers of ice that cause the surface to break. For the composite surface of the embodiment, the self-cleaning function exists in the structure, so that the adhesion capacity of water drops on the surface can be reduced, meanwhile, the existence of the array conical entity 3 structure can effectively prevent the water drops from gathering on the wall surface of the sealing cover 2 to form a large-scale ice layer, and meanwhile, the conical entity 3 has a certain reinforcing function on the surface.
The self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device of the embodiment can realize the functions of self cleaning and anti-icing without accessing external energy.

Claims (7)

1. The self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device is characterized by comprising a base (1) and a sealing cover (2), wherein a plurality of conical entities (3) are arranged on the upper surface of the base (1), a plurality of sealing ports (4) are arranged on the sealing cover (2), and the sealing ports (4) are used for penetrating through the conical entities (3); the sealing cover (2) is connected with the base (1), and the conical solid body (3) extends out of the surface of the sealing cover (2) from the sealing opening (4); the surface of the conical solid body (3) is provided with a hydrophilic coating, and the surface of the sealing cover (2) is provided with a hydrophobic layer.
2. Self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the structure of the conical solid body (3) comprises a cylindrical section (31) and a conical section (32), one end of the cylindrical section (31) is connected with the base (1) and the other end is connected with the conical section (32), the conical section (32) is a conical rotator with a concave side, and the structure of the conical solid body (3) protruding from the sealing port (4) to the outside of the surface of the sealing cover (2) is the conical section (32).
3. The self-cleaning ice protection composite surface device according to claim 2, wherein the angle α between the tangent of the concave side surface at the apex of the conical section (32) and the central axis of the conical section (32) is 10 °.
4. Self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that a buffer washer (5) is arranged between the base (1) and the sealing cover (2), said buffer washer (5) being provided with a through hole for the cone-shaped entity (3) to pass through.
5. Self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface arrangement according to claim 4, characterised in that the buffer washers (5) are corrugated.
6. Self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that a sealing ring (6) is provided on the contact surface between the sealing opening (4) and the conical body (3).
7. Self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that said conical bodies (3) are evenly densely distributed.
CN202110708419.2A 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 Self-cleaning anti-icing composite surface device Active CN113572417B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008158293A (en) * 2006-12-25 2008-07-10 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Hydrophilic antireflection structure
CN106082692A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-11-09 杨得全 Self-cleaning surface structure of Nanometer dustproof and preparation method thereof
CN209538160U (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-10-25 盐城市涌泉排水板有限公司 A kind of high-strength composite drain bar
CN111041572A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-21 北京航空航天大学 Novel structural fiber for ultra-fast directional liquid transportation and preparation method thereof
CN111411353A (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-07-14 湖北大学 Method for collecting water mist by using silica gel block material with hydrophilic and sliding surface and tapered copper needle with super-hydrophobic-hydrophilic surface
CN112302100A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-02-02 厦门大学 Multi-bionics fog water collecting structure and preparation method thereof
CN112504014A (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-03-16 昆明理工大学 Magnetic control micro-needle vertebral array mist-catching and water-collecting helmet and mist-catching and water-collecting method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008158293A (en) * 2006-12-25 2008-07-10 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Hydrophilic antireflection structure
CN106082692A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-11-09 杨得全 Self-cleaning surface structure of Nanometer dustproof and preparation method thereof
CN209538160U (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-10-25 盐城市涌泉排水板有限公司 A kind of high-strength composite drain bar
CN111041572A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-21 北京航空航天大学 Novel structural fiber for ultra-fast directional liquid transportation and preparation method thereof
CN111411353A (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-07-14 湖北大学 Method for collecting water mist by using silica gel block material with hydrophilic and sliding surface and tapered copper needle with super-hydrophobic-hydrophilic surface
CN112504014A (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-03-16 昆明理工大学 Magnetic control micro-needle vertebral array mist-catching and water-collecting helmet and mist-catching and water-collecting method
CN112302100A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-02-02 厦门大学 Multi-bionics fog water collecting structure and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
安其尔: "各向异性仿生表面的纳米结构调控及流体传输性能" *

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