CN113572252A - Backup power supply system, wind generating set and variable pitch control method - Google Patents
Backup power supply system, wind generating set and variable pitch control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113572252A CN113572252A CN202010349487.XA CN202010349487A CN113572252A CN 113572252 A CN113572252 A CN 113572252A CN 202010349487 A CN202010349487 A CN 202010349487A CN 113572252 A CN113572252 A CN 113572252A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/60—Control system actuates through
- F05B2270/602—Control system actuates through electrical actuators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Abstract
The invention discloses a backup power supply system, a wind generating set and a pitch control method, wherein the backup power supply system comprises: a basic backup power supply, a redundant backup power supply and a controller; the redundant backup power supply comprises a set of second super capacitor modules, and the second super capacitor modules are connected with the variable-pitch actuating mechanisms through switching elements and used for supplying power to the variable-pitch actuating mechanisms under the control of the controller; the controller is used for determining the super capacitor module to be switched and the variable pitch speed according to the real-time pitch angle of the blade when an external power supply of the variable pitch actuating mechanism is powered off, so that the corresponding super capacitor module supplies power to the variable pitch actuating mechanism, and each variable pitch actuating mechanism executes variable pitch according to the variable pitch speed. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the reliability of the backup power supply system of the wind generating set can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a backup power supply system, a wind power generator set and a pitch control method.
Background
The super capacitor is a backup power supply of the pitch control system and is used for providing power supply when the power grid is powered off, so that the pitch control system can smoothly execute pitch collecting operation. However, the super capacitor is aged in the using process, the full charge capacity of the super capacitor is reduced along with the aging, sufficient blade collecting energy cannot be provided for a variable pitch system, and the reliability of a backup power supply system of the wind generating set is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a backup power supply system, a wind generating set and a pitch control method, which can improve the reliability of the backup power supply system of the wind generating set.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a backup power supply system, where the backup power supply system includes: a basic backup power supply, a redundant backup power supply and a controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the basic backup power supply comprises a plurality of sets of first super capacitor modules, and each set of first super capacitor module is electrically connected with one pitch control actuating mechanism through a switching device and used for supplying power to the pitch control actuating mechanism under the control of the controller;
the redundant backup power supply comprises a set of second super capacitor modules, and the second super capacitor modules are connected with the variable-pitch actuating mechanisms through switching elements and used for supplying power to the variable-pitch actuating mechanisms under the control of the controller;
and the controller is used for determining the super capacitor module to be switched and the variable pitch speed according to the real-time pitch angle of the blade when the external power supply of the variable pitch actuating mechanism is powered off, so that the corresponding super capacitor module supplies power to the variable pitch actuating mechanism, and each variable pitch actuating mechanism executes variable pitch according to the variable pitch speed.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a wind power plant including a backup power system as described above.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pitch control method for a wind turbine generator system, where the pitch control method is applied to a wind turbine generator system having a backup power supply system as described above, and the pitch control method for a wind turbine generator system includes:
when an external power supply of a variable pitch actuating mechanism of the wind generating set is powered off, determining a super capacitor module to be switched and a variable pitch speed according to the real-time pitch angle of the blade;
controlling the switch-on of a switch device corresponding to the super capacitor module to be switched so as to switch on the corresponding super capacitor module to supply power to the corresponding variable-pitch actuating mechanism;
and sending the determined variable pitch speed to a driver of each variable pitch executing mechanism so as to control each variable pitch executing mechanism to change the pitch of the blade according to the variable pitch speed.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining theoretical power of a wind turbine generator system, where the device for determining theoretical power includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the wind generating set pitch control method as described above.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the wind turbine generator set pitch control method as described above.
According to the backup power supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention, a redundant backup power supply is additionally configured on the basis of a basic backup power supply, and the redundant backup power supply is respectively connected with the variable-pitch executing mechanisms of the blade shafts, so that the variable-pitch executing mechanisms of the blade shafts can be supplied with power in a supplementing manner when an external power supply of the variable-pitch executing mechanisms is powered off, and the reliability of the backup power supply system of the wind generating set can be improved.
In addition, in the process of collecting the propeller, as the pitch angle gradually increases, the load of the blade and the required pitch speed of the blade also change, and the driving current required by each pitch actuator also changes correspondingly, namely the number of the super capacitor modules required to be switched also changes, therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that an external power supply of the pitch actuator is powered off, the super capacitor modules to be switched and the pitch speed are determined according to the real-time pitch angle of the blade, so that the corresponding super capacitor modules supply power to the pitch actuators, and each pitch actuator executes pitch control according to the pitch control speed, so that the super capacitor modules can be accurately switched, the energy consumption of the super capacitor modules in the process of collecting the propeller is reduced to the minimum, and the optimal power supply of the backup power supply system is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic power supply topology diagram of a pitch system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a backup power supply system of a wind generating set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a pitch control method of a wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a pitch control method of a wind turbine generator system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a backup power supply system of a wind turbine generator system provided with a module voltage detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a module voltage detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a backup power supply system of a wind generating set provided with an overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a backup power supply system of a wind generating set provided with an overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuit according to another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention.
When the wind generating set works, the variable pitch system is used for adjusting the pitch angle of the blades of the wind generating set. The pitch angle is defined as: the plane where the three blades of the wind generating set are located is used as a reference plane, and an included angle is formed between any one blade and the reference plane.
The angle adjusting value of the pitch angle is determined by the operation condition of the wind generating set. When the wind speed of the wind generating set in normal operation exceeds the rated wind speed, the pitch angle of the blades can be finely adjusted by the pitch control system, so that the rotating speed of the wind generating set is kept constant, and the wind generating set is controlled to output constant power. When the wind generating set breaks down, the variable pitch system can execute an emergency pitch-up function, namely feathering or pitch-up, namely, the pitch angle of the blade is adjusted to be close to 90 degrees from the current angle, and pneumatic braking is realized to ensure the safety of the wind generating set.
Fig. 1 is a power supply topology schematic diagram of a pitch system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the pitch system includes a charger corresponding to three blade shafts, a super capacitor module, a pitch driver, and a pitch motor. The input of the charger is connected to an external power source, such as the power grid. The output end of the charger is respectively connected with the super capacitor and the variable pitch driver, the variable pitch driver is connected with the variable pitch motor, and the super capacitor is further connected with the variable pitch driver.
The super capacitor is also called an electrochemical capacitor, and is an electrochemical element between a traditional capacitor and a battery. The super capacitor mainly stores electric energy by electric double layers and redox capacitor charges, but the super capacitor does not generate chemical reaction in the process of energy storage, and the energy storage process is reversible, so that the super capacitor in the wind generating set can be repeatedly charged and discharged for tens of thousands of times.
When the electric vehicle pitch control device normally works, the super capacitor module can be charged by an external power supply through the charger, and the super capacitor module supplies power to the pitch control driver so as to drive the pitch control motor to operate. The power supply can also be directly supplied to the variable pitch driver by an external power supply through the charger so as to drive the variable pitch motor to operate. The charger can charge the super capacitor module and also can supply power to the variable pitch driver together with the super capacitor module so as to drive the variable pitch motor to operate and enable the blades to rotate by a preset angle. Because the voltage of the super capacitor module is lower than the rated voltage in the process of supplying power to the variable pitch drive, the charger can also be used for charging and supplementing the super capacitor module so as to maintain the voltage of the super capacitor module at the rated voltage.
When the power grid fails, such as power failure or low voltage ride through, the pitch system can be powered by a backup power supply, such as a super capacitor module, to perform the pitch operation. However, the super capacitor is aged in the using process, the full charge capacity of the super capacitor is reduced along with the aging, sufficient pitch energy cannot be provided for a pitch system, and the reliability of a backup power supply system of the wind generating set is low.
Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a backup power supply system for a wind generating set, and referring to fig. 2, the backup power supply system for a wind generating set includes: a base backup power supply 201, a redundant backup power supply 202, and a controller (not shown in fig. 2).
The basic backup power supply 201 comprises a plurality of sets of first super capacitor modules, and each set of first super capacitor module is electrically connected with one pitch control actuating mechanism through a switch device and used for supplying power to the pitch control actuating mechanism under the control of the controller. The sets of first supercapacitor modules shown in fig. 2 include: super capacitor module 1, super capacitor module 2 and super capacitor module 3, wherein, super capacitor module 1 is connected with become oar driver 1 and change oar motor 1 through switch device K1, and super capacitor module 2 is connected with become oar driver 2 and become oar motor 1 through switch device K2, and super capacitor module 3 is connected with become oar driver 3 and become oar motor 3 through switch device K3.
The redundant backup power supply 202 comprises at least one set of second super capacitor modules, and the second super capacitor modules are connected with the variable-pitch actuating mechanisms through switching devices and used for supplying power to the variable-pitch actuating mechanisms under the control of the controller. The second supercapacitor module shown in fig. 2 comprises: the super capacitor module 0 is connected with the pitch driver 1 and the pitch motor 1 through a switch device K0, connected with the pitch driver 2 and the pitch motor 2 through a switch device K4, and connected with the pitch driver 3 and the pitch motor 3 through a switch device K5.
As described above, in the backup power supply system of the wind turbine generator system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the redundant backup power supply 202 is additionally configured on the basis of the basic backup power supply 201, and the redundant backup power supply 202 is respectively connected to the pitch control actuator of each blade shaft, so that when an external power supply of the pitch control actuator is powered off, the pitch control actuator of each blade shaft can be supplied with power in a supplementing manner, thereby improving the reliability of the backup power supply system of the wind turbine generator system.
Based on the backup power supply system of the wind generating set, the controller can determine the super capacitor module to be switched and the variable pitch speed according to the real-time pitch angle of the blades when an external power supply of the variable pitch actuating mechanism is powered off, so that the corresponding super capacitor module supplies power to the variable pitch actuating mechanism, and each variable pitch actuating mechanism executes variable pitch according to the variable pitch speed.
For ease of understanding, referring to fig. 3, a pitch control method applied to a wind turbine generator system having the backup power supply system may include:
step 301, when an external power supply of a variable pitch actuating mechanism of the wind generating set is powered off, determining a super capacitor module to be switched and a variable pitch speed according to the real-time pitch angle of the blade.
And step 302, controlling the switch-on of the switch device corresponding to the super capacitor module to be switched so as to switch on the corresponding super capacitor module to supply power to the corresponding variable-pitch actuating mechanism.
And 303, sending the determined pitch variation speed to a driver of each pitch variation executing mechanism so as to control each pitch variation executing mechanism to perform pitch variation on the blade according to the pitch variation speed.
The following describes in detail the process of determining the supercapacitor module to be switched and the pitch speed according to the real-time pitch angle of the blade:
(1) if the real-time pitch angle of the blade is within the first preset angle range, the controller may determine the first super capacitor module (including the super capacitor module 1, the super capacitor module 2, and the super capacitor module 3) and the second super capacitor module (including the super capacitor module 0) as the super capacitor module to be switched, and determine the first speed as the pitch changing speed.
Illustratively, the first predetermined angle range is 0 to β 1, 30 ° ≦ β 1 ≦ 50 °, and the first speed may be 9 °/s. The reason is that in the process of retracting the propeller, the shorter the operation time of the blade under a small angle is, the safer the wind generating set is, and in order to improve the safety of the wind generating set, the blade can be changed into the propeller at a larger speed, but because the load of the blade when the blade operates under the small angle is larger, if the propeller changing speed is improved, the driving current required by each propeller changing actuating mechanism can be very large, and at the moment, on the premise that the super capacitor module in the basic backup power supply is cut into the power supply circuit of each propeller changing actuating mechanism, only the super capacitor module in the redundant backup power supply is cut into the power supply circuit of each propeller changing actuating mechanism, so that the power supply requirement can be met. In specific implementation, all the switching devices K0-K5 can be closed, all the super capacitor modules are put into use, the number of the put capacitor modules is the largest, the discharge current is the largest, and the blades are retracted to the maximum degree of 9 degrees/s;
(2) if the real-time pitch angle of the blade is within the second preset angle range, the controller may determine the first super capacitor module (including the super capacitor module 1, the super capacitor module 2, and the super capacitor module 3) as the super capacitor module to be switched, and determine the second speed as the pitch speed.
Wherein the upper limit value of the first pitch angle range is smaller than the lower limit value of the second pitch angle range, and the second speed is smaller than the first speed. Illustratively, the second predetermined angle range is β 1 to β 2, 65 ° ≦ β 2 ≦ 75 °, and the second speed may be 7 °/s.
The reason is that as the blade pitch angle is reduced, the blade load is reduced, the driving current required by each variable pitch actuating mechanism is correspondingly reduced, and at the moment, the power supply requirement can be met as long as the super capacitor module in the basic backup power supply is switched into the power supply circuit of each variable pitch actuating mechanism. In specific implementation, the switching devices K0, K4 and K5 can be turned off, and K1, K2 and K3 are turned on, so that the super capacitor modules 1/2/3 are put into use, the number of the used super capacitor modules is 3 at this time, the supplied current is reduced, and the rotation speed of the blades is adjusted to 7 degrees/s at most.
(3) If the real-time pitch angle of the blade is within the third preset angle range, the controller may determine the first super capacitor module (including the super capacitor module 1, the super capacitor module 2, and the super capacitor module 3) as the super capacitor module to be switched, and determine the third speed as the pitch speed.
Wherein, the upper limit value of the second pitch angle range is smaller than the lower limit value of the third pitch angle range, and the third speed is smaller than the second speed. Illustratively, the third predetermined angle range is β 2 to β 3, 85 ° ≦ β 3 ≦ 90 °, and the third speed may be 5 °/s.
The reason is that as the blade pitch angle is continuously reduced, the blade load is continuously reduced, the driving current required by each pitch-variable executing mechanism is correspondingly continuously reduced, the blade pitch-reducing is close to the tail sound, although the voltage of the super capacitor is also greatly reduced, the current provided by the super capacitor is reduced, the super capacitor modules in the basic backup power supply can be kept to be switched into the power supply circuit of each pitch-variable executing mechanism, in the specific implementation, the switching devices K0, K4 and K5 can be switched off, and the switching devices K1, K2 and K3 are switched on, so that the super capacitor modules 1/2/3 are put into use, the number of the used super capacitor modules is 3, and the blade rotation speed is reduced to the minimum of 5 degrees/s until the whole pitch-reducing process is completed.
In specific implementation, the pitch control method of the wind generating set according to the embodiment of the present invention may be executed according to the steps in fig. 4, and as shown in fig. 4, the pitch control method of the wind generating set includes:
404, controlling a pitch control actuating mechanism to retract the pitch according to the speed of 9 degrees/s;
and step 410, controlling a variable pitch actuating mechanism to retract the pitch according to the speed of 5 degrees/s.
As described above, in the process of retracting the propeller, as the pitch angle gradually increases, the blade load and the required pitch speed also change, and the driving current required by each pitch actuator also changes correspondingly, that is, the number of the supercapacitor modules which need to be switched also changes, therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, under the condition that the external power supply of the pitch actuator is powered down, the supercapacitor module to be switched and the pitch speed are determined according to the real-time pitch angle of the blade, so that the corresponding supercapacitor module supplies power to the pitch actuator, and each pitch actuator executes pitch control according to the pitch speed, so that accurate switching of the supercapacitor module can be realized, the energy consumption of the supercapacitor module in the process of retracting the propeller is reduced to the minimum, and thus the optimal power supply of the backup power supply system is realized.
The backup power supply system of the wind generating set of the embodiment of the invention can also comprise a plurality of module voltage detection circuits, and each module voltage detection circuit is used for detecting the voltage of one set of super capacitor module. Referring to fig. 5, the module voltage detection circuit 0 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor module 0, the module voltage detection circuit 1 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor module 1, the module voltage detection circuit 2 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor module 2, and the module voltage detection circuit 3 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor module 3.
Because during the unusual or trouble of super capacitor module, its magnitude of voltage can fluctuate, consequently, controller 203 can also receive the magnitude of voltage that a plurality of module voltage detection circuit feedbacks to compare magnitude of voltage and preset voltage threshold value, if magnitude of voltage surpassed preset voltage threshold value, then generated first alarm information, alarm information is used for instructing corresponding super capacitor module to take place the too big trouble of voltage fluctuation. For example, the preset voltage threshold may be 20% higher or 20% lower than the normal voltage value of the super capacitor module.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows a simple example of a module voltage detection circuit, in the module voltage detection circuit of fig. 6, J2 connects the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a super capacitor module to be detected, the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the super capacitor module to be detected is divided by a resistor R23, a resistor R29 and a resistor R31, and then filtered by a filter composed of a capacitor C20, a resistor R24, a resistor R27 and a capacitor C18, and the filtered voltage signal enters an amplifier chip U4 and U5 for isolation and amplification, wherein the amplifier is composed of R22, R25, R30, R28 and R19, and the low pass filter is composed of R26 and C21. The signal after isolation amplification is output to an A/D conversion chip through a V2INPUT port for A/D conversion. The voltage detected by each module voltage detection circuit is converted by the corresponding A/D conversion chip and then reaches the controller, and the controller finally obtains the digital quantity signals and the change conditions of the module voltage of the whole backup power supply.
It should be noted that fig. 6 is only a simple example of the module voltage detection circuit, and the specific structure of the module voltage detection circuit is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, each first supercapacitor module and each second supercapacitor module can comprise a plurality of supercapacitor units, and each supercapacitor unit comprises at least one supercapacitor unit.
In an example, each super capacitor module may include 120 super capacitor units, and each super capacitor unit may include 3 super capacitor units.
In another example, each super capacitor module may also include 90 super capacitor units, and each super capacitor unit may include 4 super capacitor units.
The implementation of the invention does not limit the number of the super capacitor units in the super capacitor module and the number of the super capacitor monomers in the super capacitor units. Correspondingly, the backup power supply system of the wind generating set in the embodiment of the invention may further include a plurality of overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuits, each overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuit is configured to detect a voltage of one super capacitor unit, and output a first level signal when the voltage of the super capacitor unit exceeds a preset voltage threshold, and output a second level signal when the voltage of the super capacitor unit does not exceed the preset voltage threshold.
Referring to fig. 7, the super capacitor module shown in fig. 7 includes 2n super capacitor units and 2n overvoltage and voltage equalizing circuits, each super capacitor unit includes 3 super capacitor units, wherein the overvoltage detecting and voltage equalizing circuit 11 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor unit 11, the overvoltage detecting and voltage equalizing circuit 12 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor unit 12, the overvoltage detecting and voltage equalizing circuit 13 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor unit 13, the overvoltage detecting and voltage equalizing circuit 21 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor unit 21, the overvoltage detecting and voltage equalizing circuit 22 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor unit 22, and the overvoltage detecting and voltage equalizing circuit 23 is used for detecting the voltage of the super capacitor unit 23.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 shows a simple example of an over-voltage detecting and equalizing circuit, and the over-voltage detecting and equalizing circuit shown in fig. 8 includes: the circuit comprises a precision voltage-stabilizing source U1, a photoelectric coupler U2, a capacitor C10, a triode Q1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and an eighth resistor R8; the first end of the first resistor R1, the first end of the second resistor R2 and the first end of the third resistor R3 are connected in parallel, serve as a voltage input end of the overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuit, and are used for being connected with an anode V + of the super capacitor unit to be detected; the second end of the seventh resistor R7, the second end of the fifth resistor R5, the anode of the precision voltage-stabilizing source U1 and the cathode of the light-emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler U2 are connected in parallel, serve as the other voltage input end of the overvoltage detection and voltage-equalizing circuit, and are used for being connected with the negative electrode V-of the super capacitor unit to be detected; the capacitor C10 is connected between the second end of the first resistor R1 and the second end of the second resistor R2, and the first end of the fourth resistor R4, the cathode of the precision voltage regulator U1 and the second end of the second resistor R2 are connected; ref of the precise voltage regulator U1 is connected between the second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the seventh resistor R7; a second end of the third resistor R3 is connected with an emitter of the triode Q1; the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is respectively connected with the base of the triode Q1 and the first end of the fifth resistor R5; a first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the cathode of the light emitting diode; the collector of a photosensitive triode Q1 in the photoelectric coupler U2 is connected with a power supply; an emitter of the phototriode Q1 is used as an output end of the unit overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuit, is connected with a first end of the eighth resistor R8 and is used for being connected with the controller 203; a second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to ground.
In the overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuit shown in fig. 8, V + and V-are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each super capacitor unit, and R1 and R7 are used for setting an overvoltage reference point, if the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the super capacitor unit to be detected is divided by resistors R2 and R4 and then is greater than the reference point voltage, it indicates that the super capacitor unit has overvoltage, at this time, the triode Q1 is turned on, the photodiode in the photocoupler U2 is turned on, and Flag1 outputs a high level to the controller 203.
The controller 203 is further configured to receive level signals output by the Flag1 of the 2n overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuits, and if a first level signal (for example, a high level) is received, generate second alarm information, where the second alarm information is used to indicate that a voltage overrun fault occurs in the corresponding super capacitor unit. And operation and maintenance personnel can accurately position a fault source according to the alarm information to determine which supercapacitor corresponding to the supercapacitor unit has a fault.
It should be noted that fig. 8 is only a simple example of the overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuit, the circuit is provided independently, has the advantages of fewer used components, high reliability, accurate detection and low cost, and can release voltage through R6 and R8 when overvoltage is detected, so as to achieve the purpose of voltage equalizing. The embodiment of the invention does not limit the specific structure of the module voltage detection circuit.
When the number of the super capacitor units is too large, the output end of Flag1 of each overvoltage detection and voltage-sharing circuit is connected to the controller 203, so that lead wires are too many, the wiring difficulty and cost of the overvoltage detection and voltage-sharing circuits are increased, and in order to solve the problem, the backup power supply system of the wind generating set in the embodiment of the invention can further comprise a plurality of logic processing circuits; each logic processing circuit is used for receiving a plurality of level signals output by a preset number of overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuits, carrying out logic processing on the level signals and outputting the level signals according to the logic processing result.
For ease of understanding, two logic processing circuits are schematically shown in fig. 9, wherein logic processing circuit 1 is configured to receive n level signals from the outputs of overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuits 11-1n, and logic processing circuit 2 is configured to receive n level signals from the outputs of overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuits 21-2 n. For example, the logic processing circuit may be an or gate processor, for example, of the n received level signals, if any one of the level signals is a high level signal, the high level signal is output.
In this embodiment, the controller 203 is further configured to receive a plurality of level signals output by a plurality of logic processing circuits, and if there is one logic processing circuit and the level signal output by the logic processing circuit is a first level signal, generate third alarm information, where the third alarm information is used to indicate that a voltage overrun fault occurs in a super capacitor unit corresponding to the logic processing circuit. On the premise of balancing wiring difficulty and cost, operation and maintenance personnel can roughly position a fault source according to the alarm information to determine which super capacitors corresponding to the super capacitor units have faults.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a wind turbine generator system, including: the backup power supply system of the wind generating set is described above.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for determining the theoretical power of the wind generating set, which comprises: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the wind generating set pitch control method as described above.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for controlling the pitch of the wind turbine generator system as described above is implemented.
It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For the device embodiments, reference may be made to the description of the method embodiments in the relevant part. Embodiments of the invention are not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Those skilled in the art may make various changes, modifications and additions to, or change the order between the steps, after appreciating the spirit of the embodiments of the invention. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The functional blocks shown in the above-described structural block diagrams may be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it may be, for example, an electronic circuit, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), suitable firmware, plug-in, function card, or the like. When implemented in software, the elements of an embodiment of the invention are the programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segments may be stored in a machine-readable medium or transmitted by a data signal carried in a carrier wave over a transmission medium or a communication link. A "machine-readable medium" may include any medium that can store or transfer information. Examples of a machine-readable medium include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, Erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, Radio Frequency (RF) links, and so forth. The code segments may be downloaded via computer networks such as the internet, intranet, etc.
Embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. For example, the algorithms described in the specific embodiments may be modified without departing from the basic spirit of the embodiments of the present invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the embodiments of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (12)
1. A backup power supply system, comprising: a basic backup power supply, a redundant backup power supply and a controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the basic backup power supply comprises a plurality of sets of first super capacitor modules, and each set of first super capacitor module is electrically connected with one pitch control actuating mechanism through a switching device and used for supplying power to the pitch control actuating mechanism under the control of the controller;
the redundant backup power supply comprises a set of second super capacitor modules, and the second super capacitor modules are connected with the variable-pitch actuating mechanisms through switching devices and used for supplying power to the variable-pitch actuating mechanisms under the control of the controller;
the controller is used for determining the super capacitor module to be switched and the variable pitch speed according to the real-time pitch angle of the blade when the external power supply of the variable pitch actuating mechanism is powered off, so that the corresponding super capacitor module supplies power to the variable pitch actuating mechanism, and each variable pitch actuating mechanism executes variable pitch according to the variable pitch speed.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is specifically configured to:
if the real-time pitch angle of the blade is within a first preset angle range, determining the first super capacitor module and the second super capacitor module as super capacitor modules to be switched, and determining the first speed as the pitch changing speed;
if the real-time pitch angle of the blade is within a second preset angle range, determining the first super capacitor module as a super capacitor module to be switched, and determining a second speed as the pitch changing speed;
if the real-time pitch angle of the blade is within a third preset angle range, determining the first super capacitor module as a super capacitor module to be switched, and determining a third speed as the pitch changing speed;
wherein an upper limit value of the first pitch angle range is less than a lower limit value of the second pitch angle range, an upper limit value of the second pitch angle range is less than a lower limit value of the third pitch angle range, and the first speed, the second speed, and the third speed are sequentially decreased.
3. The system of claim 2,
the first preset angle range is 0-beta 1;
the second preset angle range is beta 1-beta 2;
the third preset angle range is beta 2-beta 3;
wherein beta 1 is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 50 degrees, beta 2 is more than or equal to 65 degrees and less than or equal to 75 degrees, and beta 3 is more than or equal to 85 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising: the module voltage detection circuits are used for detecting the voltage of a set of super capacitor modules;
the controller is further used for receiving voltage values fed back by the module voltage detection circuits, comparing the voltage values with a preset voltage threshold value, and if the voltage values exceed the preset voltage threshold value, generating first alarm information which is used for indicating that the corresponding super capacitor module has a voltage fluctuation too large fault.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the first supercapacitor module and each of the second supercapacitor module comprises a plurality of supercapacitor units, each supercapacitor unit comprising at least one supercapacitor cell;
the system further comprises: a plurality of overvoltage detection and voltage equalization circuits;
each overvoltage detection and voltage-sharing circuit is used for detecting the voltage of one super capacitor unit, outputting a first level signal when the voltage of the super capacitor unit exceeds a preset voltage threshold value, and outputting a second level signal when the voltage of the super capacitor unit does not exceed the preset voltage threshold value.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the controller is further configured to receive level signals output by the plurality of overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuits, and generate a second alarm message if the first level signal is received, where the second alarm message is used to indicate that the corresponding super capacitor unit has an over-voltage fault.
7. The system of claim 5,
the system further comprises: a plurality of logic processing circuits;
each logic processing circuit is used for receiving a plurality of level signals output by a preset number of overvoltage detection and voltage equalizing circuits, performing logic processing on the level signals and outputting the level signals according to logic processing results;
the controller is further configured to receive a plurality of level signals output by the plurality of logic processing circuits, and if one logic processing circuit exists and the level signal output by the logic processing circuit is a first level signal, generate third alarm information, where the third alarm information is used to indicate that a super capacitor unit corresponding to the logic processing circuit has a voltage overrun fault.
8. The system according to any of claims 5-7, wherein said over-voltage detection and voltage equalization circuit comprises: the circuit comprises a precision voltage-stabilizing source, a photoelectric coupler, a capacitor, a triode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor;
the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor are connected in parallel, serve as a voltage input end of the overvoltage detection and voltage-sharing circuit, and are used for being connected with the anode of the super capacitor unit to be detected;
the second end of the seventh resistor, the second end of the fifth resistor, the anode of the precision voltage-stabilizing source and the cathode of a light-emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler are connected in parallel, and the second end of the seventh resistor, the anode of the precision voltage-stabilizing source and the cathode of the light-emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler are used as the other voltage input end of the overvoltage detection and voltage-equalizing circuit and are used for being connected with the cathode of a super capacitor unit to be detected;
the capacitor is connected between the second end of the first resistor and the second end of the second resistor;
the first end of the fourth resistor, the cathode of the precision voltage-stabilizing source and the second end of the second resistor are connected;
the reference end of the precision voltage-stabilizing source is connected between the second end of the first resistor and the first end of the seventh resistor;
the second end of the third resistor is connected with the emitting electrode of the triode;
the second end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected with the base electrode of the triode and the first end of the fifth resistor;
the first end of the sixth resistor is connected with the cathode of the light-emitting diode;
the collector of the photosensitive triode in the photoelectric coupler is connected with a power supply;
an emitting electrode of the phototriode is used as an output end of the unit overvoltage detection and voltage-sharing circuit, is connected with a first end of the eighth resistor and is used for being connected with the controller;
and the second end of the eighth resistor is grounded.
9. A wind turbine generator set, comprising: a backup power system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A method for controlling the pitch of a wind turbine generator system, said method being applied to a wind turbine generator system having a backup power supply system according to claim 1, said method comprising:
when an external power supply of a variable pitch actuating mechanism of the wind generating set is powered off, determining a super capacitor module to be switched and a variable pitch speed according to the real-time pitch angle of the blade;
controlling the switch-on of the switch device corresponding to the super capacitor module to be switched so as to switch on the corresponding super capacitor module to supply power to the corresponding variable-pitch actuating mechanism;
and sending the determined pitch changing speed to a driver of each pitch changing actuating mechanism so as to control each pitch changing actuating mechanism to change the pitch of the blade according to the pitch changing speed.
11. A device for determining the theoretical power of a wind turbine, characterized in that it comprises: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor;
the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the wind park pitch control method of claim 10.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the wind park pitch control method according to claim 10.
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| CN202010349487.XA CN113572252A (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Backup power supply system, wind generating set and variable pitch control method |
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