CN113571878B - Underwater vehicle's sea drags antenna and communication system - Google Patents
Underwater vehicle's sea drags antenna and communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113571878B CN113571878B CN202111140597.6A CN202111140597A CN113571878B CN 113571878 B CN113571878 B CN 113571878B CN 202111140597 A CN202111140597 A CN 202111140597A CN 113571878 B CN113571878 B CN 113571878B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/34—Adaptation for use in or on ships, submarines, buoys or torpedoes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/04—Adaptation for subterranean or subaqueous use
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sea surface towing antenna of an underwater vehicle and a communication system. The sea surface towed antenna comprises: the buoyancy cable, the front-end antenna and the signal transmission unit, wherein the front-end antenna comprises a receiving link and a transmitting link; the receiving link is used for receiving two signals with different frequencies transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, mixing the two signals, filtering out a high-frequency signal from an output signal after mixing, reserving a low-frequency signal, outputting the signal to the signal transmission unit, and transmitting the signal to the underwater vehicle through the signal transmission unit; the transmitting link is used for receiving a signal of a reference frequency transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, receiving a signal of another frequency output by the underwater vehicle from the signal transmission unit, mixing the two signals, filtering out a low-frequency signal from the output signal after mixing, reserving a high-frequency signal and transmitting the signal to the underwater vehicle communication object. The invention can realize bidirectional high-speed communication and has good concealment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sea surface towing antennas, and particularly relates to a sea surface towing antenna of an underwater vehicle and a communication system.
Background
Existing underwater vehicles generally adopt a sea surface towed antenna to communicate, and signals received by the antenna are transmitted back to the underwater vehicle through a cable. However, the current underwater vehicle has limited means for communication at high frequency, and in order to overcome the loss of seawater to high-frequency electromagnetic waves, the underwater vehicle needs to bear a large exposure risk and float to the water surface for communication, i.e. the high-speed communication and the concealment of the current underwater vehicle are not compatible. In addition, the sea surface towed antenna of the existing underwater vehicle generally employs one-way communication.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at least one defect or improvement requirement in the prior art, the invention provides a sea surface towing antenna and a communication system of an underwater vehicle, which can realize bidirectional high-speed communication and have good concealment.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a surface towing antenna of an underwater vehicle, comprising: the buoyancy cable, the front-end antenna and the signal transmission unit are both arranged in the buoyancy cable, and the front-end antenna comprises a receiving link and a transmitting link;
the receiving link is used for receiving two signals with different frequencies transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, mixing the two signals, filtering out a high-frequency signal from an output signal after mixing, reserving a low-frequency signal, outputting the signal to the signal transmission unit, and transmitting the signal to the underwater vehicle through the signal transmission unit;
the transmitting link is used for receiving a signal of a reference frequency transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, receiving a signal of another frequency output by the underwater vehicle from the signal transmission unit, mixing the two signals, filtering out a low-frequency signal from the output signal after mixing, reserving a high-frequency signal and transmitting the signal to the underwater vehicle communication object.
Preferably, the receiving link includes a receiving module, a mixer, and a low-pass filter, where the receiving module is configured to receive two signals with different frequencies and output the two signals to the mixer, and the low-pass filter is configured to filter a high-frequency signal from an output signal of the mixer and output the high-frequency signal to the signal transmission unit.
Preferably, the receiving module includes two groups of receiving channels, and each group of receiving channels includes a receiving antenna, a signal amplifier and a band-pass filter which are electrically connected in sequence.
Preferably, the transmitting link includes a receiving and transmitting module, a mixer and a low-pass filter, the receiving and transmitting module is configured to receive a signal of a reference frequency transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, the low-pass filter is configured to receive a signal of another frequency output by the underwater vehicle from the signal transmission unit, the mixer is configured to mix the two signals, and the receiving and transmitting module is further configured to filter out a low-frequency signal from the mixed output signal, retain a high-frequency signal, and transmit the high-frequency signal to the underwater vehicle communication object.
Preferably, the receiving and sending module comprises a receiving channel and a transmitting channel, the receiving channel comprises a receiving antenna, a signal amplifier and a band-pass filter which are electrically connected in sequence, and the transmitting channel comprises a transmitting antenna, a signal amplifier and a band-pass filter which are electrically connected in sequence.
Preferably, the front-end antenna comprises a transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas, and the receiving link and the transmitting link share a receiving antenna for receiving a signal of a reference frequency transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object.
Preferably, the buoyancy cable is an optical cable, and the signal transmission unit includes a signal amplifier and an optical-to-electrical converter electrically connected to each other.
Preferably, the antennas in the front-end antenna all adopt slot antennas, and the length of the slot of each slot antenna is optimally designed according to the following steps:
calculating and determining the theoretical gap length of the gap antenna according to a preset theoretical gap length calculation formula;
calculating the impedance characteristic of the slot antenna in a working environment, and if the slot antenna is inductive at the moment, shortening the slot length of the slot antenna on the basis of the theoretical slot length; and if the slot antenna is capacitive at the moment, prolonging the slot length of the slot antenna on the basis of the theoretical slot length.
Preferably, one transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas of the front-end antenna are arranged in an orthogonal manner.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a communications system comprising a surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle of any of the above.
Generally, by the sea surface towing antenna structure provided by the invention, the underwater vehicle can perform high-speed bidirectional communication with platforms such as an unmanned aerial vehicle and the like below a safe depth, the size of the antenna is small, the signal transmission with the underwater vehicle is facilitated, and the high-speed communication performance and the concealment performance are good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a receiving link of a surface towed antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting link of a surface towed antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a mathematical representation of a receiving link of a surface towed antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a mathematical representation of a transmit link of a surface towed antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of a 12.75GHz signal according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of a 12.55GHz signal according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of 25.3GHz and 200MHz signals output by a mixer in a receive chain according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of 200MHz signal output by the low pass filter in the receiving link according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram of the output signal of a mixer in a signaling chain in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 illustrates an antenna arrangement for both the drone end and the trailing antenna end in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a slot antenna of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a comparison of reflection coefficients for a shortened 1mm based on a half wavelength of a 12.55GHz antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is a comparison of the reflection coefficient shortened by 1mm based on the half wavelength of the 12.75GHz antenna according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The principle and application of the sea surface towing antenna of the underwater vehicle are shown in fig. 1. The sea surface towed antenna comprises: the buoyancy cable, the front end antenna and the signal transmission unit are arranged in the buoyancy cable, and the front end antenna comprises a receiving link and a transmitting link.
The receiving link is used for receiving two signals with different frequencies transmitted by the underwater vehicle communication object, mixing the two signals, filtering high-frequency signals from the output signals after mixing, reserving low-frequency signals, outputting the signals to the signal transmission unit, and transmitting the signals to the underwater vehicle through the signal transmission unit.
The transmitting link is used for receiving a signal of a reference frequency transmitted by the underwater vehicle communication object, receiving a signal of another frequency output by the underwater vehicle from the signal transmission unit, mixing the two signals, filtering out a low-frequency signal from the output signal after mixing, reserving a high-frequency signal, and transmitting the signal to the underwater vehicle communication object.
Preferably, the buoyancy cable of the sea surface towing antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is an optical cable, and the signal transmission unit includes a signal amplifier and a photoelectric converter that are electrically connected to each other, and converts an electrical signal into an optical signal or converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, so as to implement signal transmission between the front-end antenna and the underwater vehicle. In the prior art, a coaxial cable is generally adopted to transmit a signal received by an antenna back to an underwater vehicle, so that loss is large. In the embodiment of the invention, the optical cable is adopted to replace a coaxial cable, so that the loss is less.
Preferably, the underwater vehicle comprises a cable winch, a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module. The cable winch is used to adjust the length of the buoyancy cable.
The front-end antenna and the signal transmission unit in the sea surface towing antenna system are small in diameter, so that the front-end antenna and the signal transmission unit can be placed inside the hollow buoyancy cable.
When the underwater vehicle adopts the sea surface towing antenna system to communicate with the satellite, if the satellite end only has the transmitting antenna, the sea surface towing antenna only starts the receiving link to perform unidirectional receiving. If the underwater vehicle adopts the towing antenna to communicate with a near-distance platform such as the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle end is simultaneously provided with two groups of transmitting antennas with different center frequencies, one group of receiving antennas, and the sea surface towing antenna simultaneously starts a receiving link and a transmitting link to carry out bidirectional communication with the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Preferably, the front-end antenna is in a complex changing sea surface environment, and the attitude changes with the sea waves in a large range, so that the antenna capable of maintaining the omni-directionality and high gain under different attitudes is generally adopted. Because the front-end antenna is positioned inside the buoyancy cable, the space is limited, and a small omnidirectional antenna with a Ku frequency band can be adopted, wherein the Ku frequency band generally has a downward frequency of 10.7 to 12.75GHz, an upward frequency of 12.75 to 18.1GHz and a central frequency of 12.75 GHz.
The prior art does not satisfy the device which can be placed inside a buoyancy cable and performs photoelectric conversion in a Ku frequency band. The existing photoelectric converter satisfying the volume condition, such as an HFBR series photoelectric conversion chip, can only convert the electrical signal and the optical signal to each other in the frequency band below 200 MHz. Therefore, the differential mixing arrangement mode of the front-end antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention can move the Ku frequency band (11 GHz-13 GHz) carrier containing information to 200MHz through the mixer with the input bandwidth of 3.4 GHz-15 GHz by using the small-size front-end antenna combination, so that the communication is realized in the 200MHz frequency band, and the subsequent signal transmission and the photoelectric conversion are convenient.
Preferably, the receiving link according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a receiving module, a mixer, and a low-pass filter, where the receiving module is configured to receive two signals with different frequencies and output the two signals to the mixer, and the low-pass filter is configured to filter a high-frequency signal from an output signal of the mixer and output the high-frequency signal to the signal transmission unit. Preferably, the receiving module includes two groups of receiving channels, and each group of receiving channels includes a receiving antenna, a signal amplifier and a band-pass filter which are electrically connected in sequence.
As shown in fig. 2, in the sea surface towed antenna receiving link, a platform such as an unmanned aerial vehicle transmits electromagnetic wave signals with frequencies f1 and f2 through two different sets of transmitting antennas (a transmitting antenna a and a transmitting antenna L0); the front-end antenna of the sea surface towing antenna receives the sea surface towing antenna through two groups of different receiving antennas (a receiving antenna a and a receiving antenna b), and the sea surface towing antenna respectively enters a mixer a for cross multiplication after passing through a signal amplifier (a signal amplifier a and a signal amplifier b) and a band-pass filter (a band-pass filter a and a band-pass filter b); two groups of output signal frequencies of the mixer are f1 +/-f 2, and only signals with the frequencies of f1-f2 are left after the output signal frequencies pass through a low-pass filter; the underwater vehicle enters the underwater vehicle through a signal amplifier c, a photoelectric converter a, an optical fiber, a photoelectric converter b and other devices in an optical fiber signal transmission unit; the signal reaches the receiver after being amplified again by the signal amplifier c inside the aircraft.
Preferably, the transmitting link according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a receiving and transmitting module, a mixer, and a low-pass filter, where the receiving and transmitting module is configured to receive a signal of a reference frequency transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, the low-pass filter is configured to receive a signal of another frequency output by the underwater vehicle from the signal transmission unit, the mixer is configured to mix the two signals, and the receiving and transmitting module is further configured to filter a low-frequency signal from an output signal after mixing, retain a high-frequency signal, and transmit the signal to the underwater vehicle communication object.
Preferably, the receiving and sending module includes a receiving channel and a transmitting channel, the receiving channel includes a receiving antenna, a signal amplifier and a band-pass filter which are electrically connected in sequence, and the transmitting channel includes a transmitting antenna, a signal amplifier and a band-pass filter which are electrically connected in sequence.
As shown in fig. 3, a platform such as an unmanned aerial vehicle transmits a signal of a reference frequency f2 as an input signal of a mixer a to a receiving antenna b in a front-end antenna through a transmitting antenna L0; a transmitter in the underwater vehicle sends out signals with the frequency of f1-f2, sequentially passes through a signal amplifier B, a photoelectric converter B of a signal transmission unit, an optical fiber, a photoelectric converter A and a signal amplifier A, then passes through a low-pass filter A, and reaches a mixer A to be used as the other input of the mixer A; the two input signals of the mixer are cross-multiplied in the mixer, two paths of signals with the frequencies of f1 and 2f2-f1 are output, only the signal with the frequency of f1 is left after passing through a band-pass filter A, and the signal is transmitted to a receiving antenna A on a platform such as an unmanned aerial vehicle through a power amplifier by a transmitting antenna A.
Preferably, the front-end antenna comprises a transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas, and the receiving link and the transmitting link share a receiving channel for receiving a signal of a reference frequency transmitted by the underwater vehicle communication object. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the receiving chain and the transmitting chain share the receiving antenna b-the signal amplifier b-the receiving channel of the band-pass filter b.
Fig. 4 is a mathematical representation of a receiving link of a surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle. A, B, C, D each represents the amplitude of a different signal, a, b, γ, d are the phases of the different signals, the BPF is a band pass filter, and the LPF is a low pass filter.
Fig. 5 is a mathematical representation of a transmitting link of a surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle. A, B, C, D each represent the amplitude of a different signal, a, b, γ, d are the phases of the different signals, and the BPF is a band pass filter.
Take the example of an underwater vehicle communicating with a drone at 12.75 GHz. Preferably, in the key components of the receiving link, the band-pass filter a is a cavity filter, and its electrical characteristics are: the center frequency is 12.8GHz, the bandwidth is 200MHz, and the attenuation of-40 dB is carried out on 12.55GHz signals, so that 12.55GHz signals are filtered out; band-pass filter b is the cavity filter, and its electrical characteristic is: the center frequency is 12.5GHz, and the bandwidth is 200 MHz; the working frequency band of a mixer of the receiving link is 11 GHz-13 GHz; the low-pass filter is an LC filter, and the cut-off frequency is 500 MHz.
Equation (1) is the relationship between the length of the half-wavelength antenna and the frequency.
Wherein
As to the length of the antenna, the antenna length,
the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, c is 3 x 10^8, and f is the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.
As can be seen from the formula (1), if a traditional half-wavelength antenna is adopted to receive electromagnetic waves with the frequency of 0.2GHz, only the antenna needs to occupy the internal space of a towed antenna with the length of 75 cm; taking the front-end antenna of the Ku frequency band as an example, the value of f1 is 12.75GHz, the value of f2 is 12.55GHz, and photoelectric conversion and transmission are performed at 0.2GHz, so that the antenna part does not occupy the internal space of the trailing cable which is longer than 10 cm.
Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of a 12.75GHz signal.
Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of a 12.55GHz signal.
Fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of 25.3GHz and 200MHz signals output by a mixer in a receive chain.
Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of 200MHz signal output by the low pass filter in the receiving link.
Fig. 10 is a waveform diagram of output signals of mixers in a signaling chain, including 12.75GHz signals and 12.35GHz signals.
The following describes a preferred implementation of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna of the sea surface towed antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Several transmitting and receiving antennas of this patent can be divided into 12.55GHz antenna and 12.75GHz antenna with the frequency as the division standard.
In order to reduce interference between antennas with different frequencies, when the antennas are arranged, for a case that the front-end antenna includes one transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas, and a receiving link and a transmitting link share a receiving channel for receiving a signal with a reference frequency transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, one transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas of the front-end antenna are arranged orthogonally, that is, three antennas are arranged orthogonally with respect to each other according to an arrangement of spatial rectangular coordinate axes, and the same is true for an unmanned aerial terminal, as shown in fig. 11.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna in the front-end antenna is a slot antenna. The slot antenna is an antenna formed by making slots on a conductor plane, and the slots of the slot antenna are formed by two sets of slots which have the same length and are symmetrically arranged, as shown in fig. 12.
If the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the front-end antenna adopt slot antennas, in order to enable the antennas to reach a resonance state in the trailing cable, the lengths of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna need to be optimally designed.
For the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, the slot length of the slot antenna is optimally designed according to the following steps:
(1) and calculating and determining the theoretical slot length of the slot antenna according to a preset theoretical slot length calculation formula. For example, if the slot antenna is referred to as a half-wave antenna, the theoretical slot length should be half the wavelength.
(2) Calculating the impedance characteristic of the slot antenna in a working environment, and if the slot antenna is inductive at the moment, shortening the slot length of the slot antenna on the basis of the theoretical slot length; and if the slot antenna is capacitive at the moment, prolonging the slot length of the slot antenna on the basis of the theoretical slot length.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the shortened or lengthened length is: on the basis, the inductive reactance is substituted into the following formula:
wherein
The length of the single-side gap is shortened or prolonged,
is an antennaAn inductive reactance or an antenna capacitive reactance,
being the theoretical length of the antenna slot,
the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at the center frequency of the antenna, and d is the width of the slot.
Taking the above sea surface towed antenna including one transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas as an example, if the two receiving antennas of the receiving link have frequencies of 12.55GHz receiving antenna and 12.75GHz receiving antenna respectively, the transmitting link shares the 12.75GHz receiving antenna of the receiving link, and further includes a 12.55GHz transmitting antenna, it can be known through calculation that the impedance characteristics of the 12.55GHz antenna and the 12.75GHz antenna in the working environment are both inductive, and if the slot widths of all the antennas are inductivedThe value is 1mm, and the thickness of the film,Lthe theoretical length of the half-wave slot is 12mm, and the calculation can be known to be substituted into the formula, so that the lengths of the single-side slots shortened by the 12.55GHz receiving antenna, the 12.75GHz receiving antenna and the 12.55GHz transmitting antenna are all 1 mm.
Fig. 13 and 14 show the contrast of the reflection coefficient shortened by 1mm on the basis of the half wavelength and the half wavelength of the 12.55GHz antenna and the 12.75GHz antenna, respectively. It can be seen from the figure that the two antennas shortened by 1mm resonate at the respective operating frequencies. 0 denotes a half-wavelength antenna, and 1 denotes an antenna shortened by 1mm on the basis of a half wavelength.
The communication system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the sea surface towing antenna of the underwater vehicle provided by any one of the embodiments, and further comprises an underwater vehicle communication object (an unmanned aerial vehicle emission platform and the like) end.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle, comprising: the buoyancy cable, the front-end antenna and the signal transmission unit are both arranged in the buoyancy cable, and the front-end antenna comprises a receiving link and a transmitting link;
the receiving link is used for receiving two signals with different frequencies transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, mixing the two signals, filtering out a high-frequency signal from an output signal after mixing, reserving a low-frequency signal, outputting the signal to the signal transmission unit, and transmitting the signal to the underwater vehicle through the signal transmission unit;
the transmitting link is used for receiving a signal of a reference frequency transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, receiving a signal of another frequency output by the underwater vehicle from the signal transmission unit, mixing the two signals, filtering out a low-frequency signal from the output signal after mixing, reserving a high-frequency signal and transmitting the signal to the underwater vehicle communication object.
2. The surface towed antenna of claim 1, wherein said receive chain comprises a receive module, a mixer, and a low pass filter, said receive module is configured to receive signals of two different frequencies and output the signals to said mixer, said low pass filter is configured to filter out high frequency signals from output signals of said mixer and output the signals to said signal transmission unit.
3. The surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle of claim 2, wherein said receiver module comprises two sets of receiver channels, each set of receiver channels comprising a receiver antenna, a signal amplifier and a band pass filter electrically connected in sequence.
4. The surface towed antenna of claim 1, wherein said transmitting link comprises a receiving and transmitting module, a mixer and a low pass filter, said receiving and transmitting module is configured to receive a signal of a reference frequency transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object, said low pass filter is configured to receive a signal of another frequency output by the underwater vehicle from said signal transmission unit, said mixer is configured to mix the two signals, said receiving and transmitting module is further configured to filter out a low frequency signal from the mixed output signal and to retain a high frequency signal for transmission to the underwater vehicle communication object.
5. The sea surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle of claim 4, wherein said receiving and transmitting module comprises a receiving channel and a transmitting channel, said receiving channel comprises a receiving antenna, a signal amplifier and a band-pass filter which are electrically connected in sequence, and said transmitting channel comprises a transmitting antenna, a signal amplifier and a band-pass filter which are electrically connected in sequence.
6. The surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle of claim 1, wherein said front end antenna comprises a transmit antenna and two receive antennas, said receive and transmit chains sharing a receive antenna for receiving a reference frequency signal transmitted by an underwater vehicle communication object.
7. The surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle of claim 1, wherein said buoyant cable is an optical cable and said signal transmission unit comprises a signal amplifier and an optical-to-electrical converter electrically connected to each other.
8. The surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antennas of said front end antenna are all slot antennas, and the slot length of said slot antennas is optimized according to the following steps:
calculating and determining the theoretical gap length of the gap antenna according to a preset theoretical gap length calculation formula;
calculating the impedance characteristic of the slot antenna in a working environment, and if the slot antenna is inductive at the moment, shortening the slot length of the slot antenna on the basis of the theoretical slot length; and if the slot antenna is capacitive at the moment, prolonging the slot length of the slot antenna on the basis of the theoretical slot length.
9. The surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle of claim 6, wherein one transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas of said front end antenna are orthogonally arranged.
10. A communication system comprising a surface towed antenna of an underwater vehicle as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9.
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| RU2801888C1 (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-08-17 | Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военный учебно-научный центр Военно-Морского Флота "Военно-морская академия имени Адмирала флота Советского Союза Н.Г. Кузнецова" | Output towed antenna device of cable type with adaptive directional pattern control in the range of decimeter waves |
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