CN113568240A - Optical frequency comb generation method and device for phase modulation and stimulated Brillouin scattering - Google Patents
Optical frequency comb generation method and device for phase modulation and stimulated Brillouin scattering Download PDFInfo
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- H01S5/12—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region the resonator having a periodic structure, e.g. in distributed feedback [DFB] lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for generating an optical frequency comb of phase modulation and stimulated Brillouin scattering, and relates to the technical field of laser. The cascade-connected stimulated Brillouin scattering light frequency comb generation device comprises: the invention also provides an optical frequency comb generating method based on stimulated Brillouin scattering, which comprises the following steps: s1, the DFB laser generates single-frequency laser, the single-frequency laser passes through the phase modulator and is subjected to phase modulation of the sinusoidal signal to form a comb spectrum, the last laser wavelength based on the optical frequency comb A is the pumping light wavelength of the optical frequency comb B, the optical frequency comb A and the optical frequency comb B can be in seamless connection, and the combined optical frequency comb is constructed. And constructing a seamless optical frequency comb group, combining the optical frequency comb group to obtain a flat and broadband optical frequency comb, and greatly increasing the number of comb teeth of the optical frequency comb.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to a method and a device for generating optical frequency combs of phase modulation and stimulated Brillouin scattering.
Background
The optical frequency comb is a laser light source with multiple wavelengths and equal frequency intervals and has a comb-shaped spectrum. The optical frequency comb is used as a multi-carrier laser light source, the carriers have good coherence, and the optical frequency comb has important application in the related fields of high-speed communication, random waveform generation, laser ranging, THz generated spectrum precision measurement, optical clocks and the like.
The main generation method of the optical frequency comb comprises the following steps: a method for generating an optical frequency comb based on a mode-locked laser; a method for generating an electro-optical modulation-based optical frequency comb; a method for generating an optical frequency comb based on a nonlinear effect. For the optical frequency comb generation scheme based on the mode-locked laser, the flatness needs to be further improved to meet the further application requirements, and the interval of the frequency comb is not adjustable; for the electro-optical modulation-based optical frequency comb generation scheme, the flatness is good, but the number of comb teeth of the generated optical frequency comb is limited, so that the application requirement is difficult to meet; further exploration and research in flatness and coherence are needed for optical frequency comb generation schemes based on fiber nonlinear effects.
The conventional optical frequency comb generation scheme based on stimulated brillouin scattering is indicated in an graduation paper of the university of aerospace, Nanjing, namely optical frequency comb generation and application thereof in microwave photonics, and generally a Stokes wave needs to be amplified to obtain a higher-order Stokes wave, while the amplification capability of an optical amplifier is limited, so that the number of comb teeth of the generated optical frequency comb is limited, and a cavity mode is easily generated in the conventional scheme to form interference. Aiming at the traditional scheme, a Spex circulation loop is introduced, so that a Spex wave continuously circulates in a constructed loop and interacts with a pump wave at the same time, the effective length Leff of a dispersion displacement fiber (DSF) is increased, and the threshold value of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) is reduced. The scheme effectively reduces the stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold value of the dispersion displacement optical fiber, improves the conversion efficiency of the pump light, increases the number of comb teeth of the generated optical frequency comb, and improves the flatness. To obtain higher-order stokes waves, the lower-order stokes waves must be sufficiently amplified and exceed the SBS threshold, and the amplification capability of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is limited, so the number of comb teeth generating an optical frequency comb is limited by the amplification capability of the EDFA.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method and an apparatus for generating an optical frequency comb by phase modulation and stimulated brillouin scattering, which solve the above-mentioned problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an optical frequency comb generation device for phase modulation and stimulated brillouin scattering, comprising: the device comprises a controllable interval dual-wavelength generating module, an SBS light frequency comb generating module A, SBS light frequency comb generating module B and a beam combining module;
the controllable interval dual-wavelength generation module realizes generation of dual-wavelength laser;
the SBS light frequency comb generation module A realizes generation of light frequency combs based on SBS;
the SBS light frequency comb generation module B realizes generation of light frequency combs based on SBS;
the beam combining module combines the optical frequency combs generated by the SBS optical frequency comb generating module A and the SBS optical frequency comb generating module B, adjusts and balances optical power difference between the optical frequency combs, and realizes high-flatness combined optical frequency comb output.
Further, the controllable interval dual-wavelength generating module includes: a DFB laser, a phase modulator, a signal generator, a radio frequency amplifier, an EDFA-1, a circulator-1, an FBG-1, a circulator-2 and an FBG-2, wherein the DFB laser outputs single frequency laser, is subjected to sinusoidal signal modulation by the phase modulator to form a comb-shaped spectrum, then enters the EDFA-1 for amplification, then is injected into a port 1 of the circulator-1, outputs the FBG-1 from a port 2 of the circulator-1, the FBG-1 reflects one frequency component of the comb-shaped spectrum back to the circulator-1 and outputs from a port 3 of the circulator-1, and the rest of the frequency components are injected into a port 1 of the circulator-2 through the FBG-1, outputs to the FBG-2 from a port 2 of the circulator-2, the FBG-2 reflects the other frequency component of the comb-shaped spectrum back to the circulator-2, and the sine frequency signal is output from a port 3 of the circulator-2, and the sine frequency signal is generated by the signal generator, amplified by the radio frequency amplifier and then applied to the phase modulator.
Further, the SBS optical frequency comb generating module A comprises an optical coupler-1, an EDFA-2, a circulator-3, a high nonlinear optical fiber-1, an optical fiber coupler-2, an optical fiber coupler-3 and an isolator-1, wherein the optical fiber coupler-1 is an 50/50 optical fiber coupler, one 50% of the splitting ends of the optical fiber coupler-1 is used as an input end, one port of the optical fiber coupler-1 is connected to the port 3 of the circulator-1, the other 50% of the splitting ends of the optical fiber coupler-1 is connected to the output end of the EDFA-2, the splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-1 is connected to the port 1 of the circulator-3, the port 2 of the circulator-3 is connected to the high nonlinear optical fiber-1, the port 3 of the circulator-3 is connected to the splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-2, and the output of the optical fiber coupler-2 is split into two beams, the small beam end of the optical fiber coupler-2 is connected to the input end of the EDFA-2, the large beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-2 is connected to the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-3, the small beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-3 is connected to the input end of the isolator-1, the large beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-3 is connected to the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-7, and the output end of the isolator-1 is connected to the high nonlinear optical fiber-1.
Further, the SBS light frequency comb generating module B comprises an optical coupler-4, an EDFA-3, a circulator-4, a high nonlinearity fiber-3, a fiber coupler-5, a fiber coupler-6 and an isolator-2, wherein the fiber coupler-4 is an 50/50 fiber coupler, 50% of the splitting ends of the fiber coupler-4 are used as input ends, the input end of the fiber coupler-4 is connected to the port 3 of the circulator-1, the other 50% of the splitting ends of the fiber coupler-4 are connected to the output end of the EDFA-3, the combining end of the fiber coupler-5 is connected to the port 1 of the circulator-4, the port 2 of the circulator-4 is connected to the high nonlinearity fiber-2, the port 3 of the circulator-4 is connected to the combining end of the fiber coupler-5, and the output of the fiber coupler-5 is divided into two beams, the small beam of the optical fiber coupler-5 is connected to the input end of the EDFA-3, the large beam of the optical fiber coupler-5 is connected to the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-6, the small beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-6 is connected to the input end of the isolator-2, the large beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-6 is connected to the input end of the variable optical attenuator, and the output of the isolator-1 is connected to the high nonlinear optical fiber-1.
Further, the beam combining module comprises: the variable optical attenuator comprises a variable optical attenuator and an optical fiber coupler-7, wherein the input end of the variable optical attenuator is connected to the larger beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-6, the output end of the variable optical attenuator is connected to one of the beam splitting ends of the optical fiber coupler-7, the other beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-7 is connected to the larger beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-3, and the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-7 serves as the output end.
Further, the signal generator generates a sinusoidal signal having a frequency that is an integer multiple of the SBS frequency interval of the high nonlinear optical fiber.
Furthermore, the beam splitting ratio of the optical fiber coupler-1, the optical fiber coupler-4 and the optical fiber coupler-7 is 50: 50.
Furthermore, the splitting ratio of the optical fiber coupler 2, the optical fiber coupler 3, the optical fiber coupler 5 and the optical fiber coupler 6 is 10:90-30: 70.
Furthermore, the FBG-1 and the FBG-2 are both narrow-band fiber gratings, the reflection bandwidth is not more than 3 times of the SBS frequency interval, and the reflection range of the FBG-1 and the FBG-2 covers one of comb-shaped spectrums generated by the phase modulator.
The optical frequency comb generation method based on the stimulated Brillouin scattering comprises the following steps:
s1, the DFB laser generates single-frequency laser, the single-frequency laser passes through the phase modulator and forms a comb spectrum after being subjected to phase modulation of the sine signal, and the comb spectrum is amplified by the EDFA;
s2, selecting the wavelength of the comb spectrum through the combination of two sets of circulators and FBGs, realizing the selection of two wavelengths with a certain interval, wherein the center wavelength of the laser screened by the FBG-1 is lambda 1, the center wavelength of the laser screened by the FBG-2 is lambda 2, and the interval of the two wavelengths is integral multiple of the SBS frequency interval of the high nonlinear optical fiber;
s3, injecting the selected lasers with the two wavelengths into an SBS light frequency comb generation module A, B respectively to generate a light frequency comb, and controlling the gain of an EDFA-1 to enable the last stage of the light frequency comb A generated by the SBS light frequency comb generation module A to be just coincided with the FBG-2 screening laser central wavelength lambda 2;
and S4, controlling the gain of the EDFA-2 to obtain another group of optical frequency combs B, adjusting the optical attenuator to enable the amplitudes of the optical frequency combs A and the optical frequency combs B to be similar, and then combining the optical frequency combs A and the optical frequency combs B through the optical fiber coupler to realize the optical frequency comb C with a larger spectral range.
The invention provides a method and a device for generating an optical frequency comb of phase modulation and stimulated Brillouin scattering. The method has the following beneficial effects:
the method comprises the steps of generating a sinusoidal signal with specific frequency, obtaining dual-wavelength laser with stable frequency interval (the frequency interval is integral multiple of SBS effect frequency interval) by utilizing a sinusoidal phase modulation technology, injecting two paths of laser with wavelengths into an SBS light frequency comb generation module respectively, generating a light frequency comb A and a light frequency comb B by utilizing an SBS effect, obtaining two groups of light frequency combs with similar amplitudes by controlling gain of an EDFA and adjusting an optical attenuator, and enabling the light frequency comb A and the light frequency comb B to be in seamless connection based on the last laser wavelength of the light frequency comb A, namely the pumping light wavelength of the light frequency comb B to construct a combined light frequency comb. And constructing a seamless optical frequency comb group, combining the optical frequency comb group to obtain a flat and broadband optical frequency comb, and greatly increasing the number of comb teeth of the optical frequency comb.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comb spectrum after medium phase modulation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical frequency comb of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3: an optical frequency comb generation device for phase modulation and stimulated brillouin scattering, comprising:
the device comprises a controllable interval dual-wavelength generating module, an SBS light frequency comb generating module A, SBS, a light frequency comb generating module B and a beam combining module. The schematic diagram of the optical path is shown in FIG. 1.
The controllable interval dual-wavelength generation module realizes the generation of dual-wavelength laser, and comprises a DFB laser, a phase modulator, a signal generator, a radio frequency amplifier, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier-1 (EDFA-1), a circulator-1, a Bragg grating-1 (FBG-1), a circulator-2 and a Bragg grating-2 (FBG-2), wherein the DFB laser outputs single-frequency laser, the single-frequency laser is subjected to sinusoidal signal modulation by the phase modulator to form a comb spectrum, then enters the EDFA-1 for amplification, then is injected into a port 1 of the circulator-1, is output from a port 2 of the circulator-1 to the FBG-1, the FBG-1 reflects one frequency component of the comb spectrum back to the circulator-1 and outputs the frequency component from a port 3 of the circulator-1, and the rest frequency components are injected into the port 1 of the circulator-2 through the FBG-1, output from port 2 of circulator-2 to FBG-2, FBG-2 reflecting another frequency component of the comb spectrum back to circulator-2 and output from port 3 of circulator-2; the signal generator generates a sine frequency signal, and the sine frequency signal is amplified by the radio frequency amplifier and then acts on the phase modulator.
The SBS light frequency comb generation module A realizes the generation of the light frequency comb based on SBS, and the module comprises an optical coupler-1, an EDFA-2, a circulator-3, a high nonlinear fiber-1, a fiber coupler-2, a fiber coupler-3 and an isolator-1, wherein the fiber coupler-1 is 50/50 fiber coupler, one 50% end of the beam splitting end is used as input and connected to the port 3 of the circulator-1, the other 50% end is connected to the output end of the EDFA-2, the beam combining end of the fiber coupler-1 is connected to the port 1 of the circulator-3, the port 2 of the circulator-3 is connected to the high nonlinear fiber-1, the port 3 of the circulator-3 is connected to the beam combining end of the fiber coupler-2, the output of the fiber coupler-2 is divided into two beams, wherein, the smaller one is connected to the input end of the EDFA-2, and the larger one is connected to the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-3; the smaller splitting end of the fiber coupler-3 is connected to the input of the isolator-1, the larger splitting end is connected to the combining end of the fiber coupler-7, and the output of the isolator-1 is connected to the highly nonlinear fiber-1.
The SBS light frequency comb generation module B realizes the generation of the light frequency comb based on SBS, and the module comprises an optical coupler-4, an EDFA-3, a circulator-4, a high nonlinear fiber-3, a fiber coupler-5, a fiber coupler-6 and an isolator-2, wherein the fiber coupler-4 is 50/50 fiber coupler, one 50% end of the beam splitting end is used as input and connected to the port 3 of the circulator-1, the other 50% end is connected to the output end of the EDFA-3, the beam combining end of the fiber coupler-5 is connected to the port 1 of the circulator-4, the port 2 of the circulator-4 is connected to the high nonlinear fiber-2, the port 3 of the circulator-4 is connected to the beam combining end of the fiber coupler-5, the output of the fiber coupler-5 is divided into two beams, wherein, the smaller one is connected to the input end of the EDFA-3, and the larger one is connected to the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-6; the smaller splitting end of the fiber coupler-6 is connected to the input of the isolator-2, the larger splitting is connected to the input of the variable optical attenuator, and the output of the isolator-1 is connected to the highly nonlinear fiber-1.
The beam combining module combines the optical frequency combs generated by the SBS optical frequency comb generating module A and the SBS optical frequency comb generating module B, adjusts and balances optical power difference between the optical frequency combs, and realizes high-flatness combined optical frequency comb output. The beam combining module comprises a variable optical attenuator and an optical fiber coupler-7, wherein the input end of the variable optical attenuator is connected to the larger beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-6, the output end of the variable optical attenuator is connected to one of the beam splitting ends of the optical fiber coupler-7, the other beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-7 is connected to the larger beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-3, and the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-7 is used as the output end.
The high nonlinearity fiber is a dispersion shifted fiber with SBS frequency spacing of 9.5 GHz.
The signal generator generates a sinusoidal signal, the frequency of the signal is 3 times of the SBS frequency interval of the high nonlinear optical fiber, namely 28.5GHz, the sinusoidal signal is amplified by the radio frequency amplifier, and the laser is subjected to phase modulation by the phase modulator.
The optical devices are all polarization maintaining optical fiber devices.
The splitting ratio of the optical fiber coupler-1, the optical fiber coupler-4 and the optical fiber coupler-7 is 50: 50.
The phase modulator is a lithium niobate waveguide phase modulator, and the modulation bandwidth is more than 30 GHz.
The splitting ratio of the optical fiber coupler 2 to the optical fiber coupler 5 is 20:80, and the splitting ratio of the optical fiber coupler 3 to the optical fiber coupler 6 is 10: 90.
The center wavelength of the DFB is 1553nm, the FBG is a narrow-band fiber grating, the reflection bandwidth is 0.2nm, the center wavelength of the FBG-1 is 1552.8nm, and the center wavelength of the FBG-2 is 1553.2 nm.
The steps of the optical frequency comb generation method based on stimulated Brillouin scattering are described as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: the DFB output laser was phase-modulated, and then comb-shaped spectral broadening was obtained at a modulation depth m of 2.2, as shown in fig. 2. In the figure, the abscissa is the wavelength of light, the unit is nm, the ordinate is the spectral intensity, the unit is a.u., and the FBG-1 and the FBG-2 reflect the laser λ 1 and the laser λ 2, so as to obtain two paths of lasers with the central wavelength interval being 6 times of the SBS frequency interval.
Step two: the laser lambda 1 is injected into an SBS light frequency comb generation module A, reaches a high nonlinear fiber-1 (dispersion displacement fiber) through a fiber coupler-1 and a circulator-3, an SBS effect is excited in the dispersion displacement fiber to form reverse Stokes light, the reverse Stokes light enters from a port 2 of the circulator-3, is output from the port 3, reaches an EDFA-2 through the fiber coupler-2 for amplification, reaches the dispersion displacement fiber through the fiber coupler-1 and the circulator-3 again, and excites the next-order Stokes light. By controlling the gain of the EDFA-2, the 6 th order Starx light can be excited, thereby obtaining the optical frequency comb A. A schematic of the optical frequency comb a is shown in fig. 3.
Step three: the laser lambda 2 is injected into the SBS light frequency comb generation module B, reaches the high nonlinear fiber-2 (dispersion displacement fiber) through the fiber coupler-4 and the circulator-4, the SBS effect is excited in the dispersion displacement fiber, reverse Stokes light is formed, the reverse Stokes light enters from the port 2 of the circulator-4, the port 3 outputs the reverse Stokes light, the reverse Stokes light reaches the EDFA-3 through the fiber coupler-5 for amplification, the amplified Stokes light reaches the dispersion displacement fiber through the fiber coupler-4 and the circulator-4 again, and the next-order Stokes light is excited. By controlling the gain of the EDFA-3, multi-order Starx light can be excited, thereby obtaining an optical frequency comb B. A schematic of the optical frequency comb B is shown in fig. 3.
Step four: and the optical frequency comb A and the optical frequency comb B are combined through a beam combining module, the amplitudes of the optical frequency comb A and the optical frequency comb B are enabled to be close through adjusting an optical attenuator, and a combined optical frequency comb C is obtained after beam combination. The combined light frequency comb is shown in figure 3.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, which falls into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical frequency comb generation device for phase modulation and stimulated brillouin scattering, comprising: the device comprises a controllable interval dual-wavelength generating module, an SBS light frequency comb generating module A, SBS light frequency comb generating module B and a beam combining module;
the controllable interval dual-wavelength generation module realizes generation of dual-wavelength laser;
the SBS light frequency comb generation module A realizes generation of light frequency combs based on SBS;
the SBS light frequency comb generation module B realizes generation of light frequency combs based on SBS;
the beam combining module combines the optical frequency combs generated by the SBS optical frequency comb generating module A and the SBS optical frequency comb generating module B, adjusts and balances optical power difference between the optical frequency combs, and realizes high-flatness combined optical frequency comb output.
2. The phase-modulated and stimulated brillouin scattering optical frequency comb generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the controllable interval dual wavelength generating module includes: a DFB laser, a phase modulator, a signal generator, a radio frequency amplifier, an EDFA-1, a circulator-1, an FBG-1, a circulator-2 and an FBG-2, wherein the DFB laser outputs single frequency laser, is subjected to sinusoidal signal modulation by the phase modulator to form a comb-shaped spectrum, then enters the EDFA-1 for amplification, then is injected into a port 1 of the circulator-1, outputs the FBG-1 from a port 2 of the circulator-1, the FBG-1 reflects one frequency component of the comb-shaped spectrum back to the circulator-1 and outputs from a port 3 of the circulator-1, and the rest of the frequency components are injected into a port 1 of the circulator-2 through the FBG-1, outputs to the FBG-2 from a port 2 of the circulator-2, the FBG-2 reflects the other frequency component of the comb-shaped spectrum back to the circulator-2, and the sine frequency signal is output from a port 3 of the circulator-2, and the sine frequency signal is generated by the signal generator, amplified by the radio frequency amplifier and then applied to the phase modulator.
3. The phase-modulated and stimulated brillouin scattering optical frequency comb generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the SBS light frequency comb generation module A comprises an optical coupler-1, an EDFA-2, a circulator-3, a high nonlinear optical fiber-1, an optical fiber coupler-2, an optical fiber coupler-3 and an isolator-1, wherein the optical fiber coupler-1 is an 50/50 optical fiber coupler, one 50% of the splitting ends of the optical fiber coupler-1 is used as an input end, one port of the optical fiber coupler-1 is connected to the port 3 of the circulator-1, the other 50% of the end of the optical fiber coupler-1 is connected to the output end of the EDFA-2, the splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-1 is connected to the port 1 of the circulator-3, the port 2 of the circulator-3 is connected to the high nonlinear optical fiber-1, the port 3 of the circulator-3 is connected to the splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-2, the output of the optical fiber coupler-2 is split into two beams, the small beam end of the optical fiber coupler-2 is connected to the input end of the EDFA-2, the large beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-2 is connected to the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-3, the small beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-3 is connected to the input end of the isolator-1, the large beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-3 is connected to the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-7, and the output end of the isolator-1 is connected to the high nonlinear optical fiber-1.
4. The phase-modulated and stimulated brillouin scattering optical frequency comb generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the optical frequency comb generation module B for the wave SBS light comprises an optical coupler-4, an EDFA-3, a circulator-4, a high nonlinear optical fiber-3, an optical fiber coupler-5, an optical fiber coupler-6 and an isolator-2, wherein the optical fiber coupler-4 is an 50/50 optical fiber coupler, 50% of the beam splitting ends of the optical fiber coupler-4 are used as input ends, the input end of the optical fiber coupler-4 is connected to the port 3 of the circulator-1, the other 50% of the ends of the optical fiber coupler-4 are connected to the output end of the EDFA-3, the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-5 is connected to the port 1 of the circulator-4, the port 2 of the circulator-4 is connected to the high nonlinear optical fiber-2, the port 3 of the circulator-4 is connected to the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-5, the output of the optical fiber coupler-5 is divided into two beams, the small beam of the optical fiber coupler-5 is connected to the input end of the EDFA-3, the large beam of the optical fiber coupler-5 is connected to the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-6, the small beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-6 is connected to the input end of the isolator-2, the large beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-6 is connected to the input end of the variable optical attenuator, and the output of the isolator-1 is connected to the high nonlinear optical fiber-1.
5. The phase-modulated and stimulated brillouin scattering optical frequency comb generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the beam combining module comprises: the variable optical attenuator comprises a variable optical attenuator and an optical fiber coupler-7, wherein the input end of the variable optical attenuator is connected to the larger beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-6, the output end of the variable optical attenuator is connected to one of the beam splitting ends of the optical fiber coupler-7, the other beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-7 is connected to the larger beam splitting end of the optical fiber coupler-3, and the beam combining end of the optical fiber coupler-7 serves as the output end.
6. The phase-modulated and stimulated brillouin scattering optical frequency comb generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the signal generator generates a sinusoidal signal, the signal frequency being an integer multiple of the SBS frequency interval of the high nonlinear optical fiber.
7. The phase-modulated and stimulated brillouin scattering optical frequency comb generating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the splitting ratio of the optical fiber coupler-1, the optical fiber coupler-4 and the optical fiber coupler-7 is 50: 50.
8. The phase-modulated and stimulated brillouin scattering optical frequency comb generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the beam splitting ratio of the optical fiber coupler 2, the optical fiber coupler 3, the optical fiber coupler 5 and the optical fiber coupler 6 is 10:90-30: 70.
9. The phase-modulated and stimulated brillouin scattering optical frequency comb generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the FBG-1 and the FBG-2 are both narrow-band fiber gratings, the reflection bandwidth is not more than 3 times of the SBS frequency interval, and the reflection ranges of the FBG-1 and the FBG-2 cover one of comb-shaped spectrums generated by the phase modulator.
10. Optical frequency comb generation method based on stimulated brillouin scattering using the optical frequency comb generation apparatus for phase modulation and stimulated brillouin scattering according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, the DFB laser generates single-frequency laser, the single-frequency laser passes through the phase modulator and forms a comb spectrum after being subjected to phase modulation of the sine signal, and the comb spectrum is amplified by the EDFA;
s2, selecting the wavelength of the comb spectrum through the combination of two sets of circulators and FBGs, realizing the selection of two wavelengths with a certain interval, wherein the center wavelength of the laser screened by the FBG-1 is lambda 1, the center wavelength of the laser screened by the FBG-2 is lambda 2, and the interval of the two wavelengths is integral multiple of the SBS frequency interval of the high nonlinear optical fiber;
s3, injecting the selected lasers with the two wavelengths into an SBS light frequency comb generation module A, B respectively to generate a light frequency comb, and controlling the gain of an EDFA-1 to enable the last stage of the light frequency comb A generated by the SBS light frequency comb generation module A to be just coincided with the FBG-2 screening laser central wavelength lambda 2;
and S4, controlling the gain of the EDFA-2 to obtain another group of optical frequency combs B, adjusting the optical attenuator to enable the amplitudes of the optical frequency combs A and the optical frequency combs B to be similar, and then combining the optical frequency combs A and the optical frequency combs B through the optical fiber coupler to realize the optical frequency comb C with a larger spectral range.
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