CN113568235A - Electrochromic device based on multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Electrochromic device based on multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113568235A CN113568235A CN202110719186.6A CN202110719186A CN113568235A CN 113568235 A CN113568235 A CN 113568235A CN 202110719186 A CN202110719186 A CN 202110719186A CN 113568235 A CN113568235 A CN 113568235A
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 N, N-methylene Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011837 N,N-methylenebisacrylamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Abstract
An electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte is structurally characterized by comprising an ITO electrode, an electrochromic layer and a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte; the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte replaces an electrode, an ion storage layer and an ion conducting layer of a traditional electrochromic device, and electrons are transferred to an electrochromic material on the surface of the hydrogel electrolyte through ITO (indium tin oxide) when voltage is applied, so that oxidation reduction is carried out. And provides a preparation method of the electrochromic device based on the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte. The invention has simple structure and less preparation steps, reduces the harm to human body by taking water as a solvent, is environment-friendly, has good repeatability and is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochromic devices, and particularly relates to an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Electrochromism (Eletrochromism) refers to a phenomenon that a material can generate reversible redox reaction under the action of an applied voltage, so that the optical performance of the material can generate stable reversible change in a visible light wavelength range, and the color can be changed in a reversible way in appearance. The material with electrochromic property, the corresponding ion conducting layer, the ion storage layer and the corresponding electrode are assembled together to form the electrochromic device with the display function. In recent years, the device has attracted wide attention from many countries, and the application fields of the device are mainly intelligent windows, electrochromic displays, intelligent dimming automobile rearview mirrors, military camouflage equipment, electrochromic storages and the like. Materials having an electrochromic phenomenon are called electrochromic materials, and the electrochromic materials can be classified into two major types, i.e., inorganic electrochromic materials and organic electrochromic materials according to structures. Tungsten trioxide and nickel oxide are widely applied in inorganic electrochromic materials, and have good stability but slow response speed. The viologen compound is a typical organic electrochromic micromolecule, has high response speed but poor stability, is difficult to prepare into a solid film, and is generally applied in a liquid device form. And compared with a liquid device, the solid device is safer and has better color-changing property. However, the solid-state device has a complicated structure and packaging problems, the solid-state device is generally composed of two layers of electrodes, an electrochromic layer, an ion conductive layer and an ion storage layer, and each layer needs to be constructed into a thin film and then assembled together, so that the manufacturing cost and the manufacturing difficulty are greatly increased, and the industrialization process is influenced. Meanwhile, organic solvents such as acetonitrile and the like are usually used in the film forming process, so that the method is harmful to human bodies and easily pollutes the environment, and therefore, the method is not in accordance with the environmental protection concept.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: at present, the electrochromic solid-state device has a complex structure and packaging problems, so that the device preparation process is complex; the use of a large amount of organic solvent is not in accordance with the concept of environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, wherein an electrode, an ion storage layer and an ion conducting layer are replaced by a layer of multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte. Not only greatly simplifying the structure of the device, but also achieving the effect of environmental protection by replacing organic solvent with water phase. Therefore, the method has great application prospect in the field of electrochromism.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte is structurally characterized by comprising an ITO electrode, an electrochromic layer and a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte; the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte replaces an electrode, an ion storage layer and an ion conducting layer of a traditional electrochromic device, and electrons are transferred to an electrochromic material on the surface of the hydrogel electrolyte through ITO (indium tin oxide) when voltage is applied, so that oxidation reduction is carried out.
A preparation method of an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a polyacrylamide multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte by using acrylamide as a monomer, N, N-methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent, ammonium persulfate as a thermal initiator, tetramethylethylenediamine as a catalyst and lithium chloride as an electrolyte, and simultaneously using the polyacrylamide multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte as an electrode, an ion storage layer and an ion conducting layer;
secondly, uniformly spraying the aqueous solution with the electrochromic property on the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte by using a spray gun;
and thirdly, uniformly placing the transparent ITO glass electrode on the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte to obtain the electrochromic device based on the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte.
Further, in the first step, the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte is prepared as follows: dissolving 2.488g of acrylamide monomer in 17.5mL of deionized water, adding 1.5mg of N, N-methylene bisacryloyl imine, 2.5mg of ammonium persulfate, 5.94g of lithium chloride and 8 mu L of tetramethylethylenediamine, stirring for 1.5h, placing the obtained solution in a vacuum oven, standing at 60 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain colorless and transparent polyacrylamide hydrogel electrolyte, and washing with deionized water for multiple times to remove residual monomers.
Further, in the second step, an aqueous solution of PEDOT: PSS at a mass concentration of 1% was uniformly sprayed on the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte using a spray gun.
And further, in the third step, uniformly placing the transparent ITO glass electrode on the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte to obtain the electrochromic device based on the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, no harm to the environment and human health and contribution to large-scale application.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are: the electrochromic device adopts the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte as an electrode, an ion storage layer and an ion conducting layer at the same time, thereby greatly simplifying the structure of the device. The raw materials used in the invention are all commercial mature materials, and complex synthetic processes are omitted. The common organic electrochromic material generally uses toxic and harmful organic solvents to dissolve organic functional materials, a large amount of organic solvents are used in the preparation process, the invention uses water instead of organic matters as the solvents, reduces the damage to the environment and human bodies, saves a large amount of cost, has good repeatability and is very suitable for industrial application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, where 1 is ITO transparent conductive glass, 2 is an electrochromic layer, and 3 is the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte, provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of the change in transmittance of an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present invention cycling for 5000 seconds before being colorless and blue.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by using specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte and a method for manufacturing the same are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte is a sandwich structure and comprises an ITO transparent conductive glass 1, an electrochromic layer 2 and a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte 3, wherein the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte can simultaneously serve as an electrode, an ion storage layer and an ion conducting layer.
As shown in fig. 2, a method for preparing an electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: acrylamide is used as a monomer, N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is used as a cross-linking agent, ammonium persulfate is used as a thermal initiator, tetramethylethylenediamine is used as a catalyst, and lithium chloride is used as an electrolyte to prepare the polyacrylamide-based multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte which is simultaneously used as an electrode, an ion storage layer and an ion conducting layer;
s2: uniformly spraying an aqueous solution with electrochromic properties onto the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte by using a spray gun;
s3: and uniformly placing the transparent ITO glass electrode on the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte to obtain the electrochromic device based on the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte.
The preparation method of the electrochromic device based on the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte: dissolving 2.488g of acrylamide monomer in 17.5mL of deionized water, adding 1.5mg of N, N-methylene bisacryloyl imine, 2.5mg of ammonium persulfate, 5.94g of lithium chloride and 8 mu L of tetramethylethylenediamine, stirring for 1.5h, placing the obtained solution in a vacuum oven, standing at 60 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain colorless and transparent polyacrylamide hydrogel electrolyte, and washing with deionized water for multiple times to remove residual monomers.
(2) Spraying of electrochromic materials: uniformly spraying a 1% PEDOT: PSS aqueous solution onto the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte prepared in step (1) using a spray gun.
(3) Assembling the electrochromic device: and (3) cutting the prepared hydrogel electrolyte into a shape and a size similar to those of the ITO glass, and uniformly placing the surface of the transparent ITO glass with the indium tin oxide on the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte prepared in the step (2) to obtain the electrochromic device based on the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte.
As shown in fig. 3, the electrochromic device based on the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte prepared according to the present invention showed transmittance thereof cycling for 5000 seconds before being colorless and blue, and the discoloration strength thereof was not significantly attenuated.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An electrochromic device based on a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte is characterized in that the electrochromic device structurally comprises an ITO electrode, an electrochromic layer and a multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte; the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte replaces an electrode, an ion storage layer and an ion conducting layer of a traditional electrochromic device, and electrons are transferred to an electrochromic material on the surface of the hydrogel electrolyte through ITO (indium tin oxide) when voltage is applied, so that oxidation reduction is carried out.
2. A method for preparing the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte based electrochromic device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preparing a polyacrylamide multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte by using acrylamide as a monomer, N, N-methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent, ammonium persulfate as a thermal initiator, tetramethylethylenediamine as a catalyst and lithium chloride as an electrolyte, and simultaneously using the polyacrylamide multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte as an electrode, an ion storage layer and an ion conducting layer;
secondly, uniformly spraying the aqueous solution with the electrochromic property on the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte by using a spray gun;
and thirdly, uniformly placing the transparent ITO glass electrode on the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte to obtain the electrochromic device based on the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte.
3. The multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte-based electrochromic device and the method for manufacturing the same according to claim 2, wherein in the first step, the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte is prepared as follows: dissolving 2.488g of acrylamide monomer in 17.5mL of deionized water, adding 1.5mg of N, N-methylene bisacryloyl imine, 2.5mg of ammonium persulfate, 5.94g of lithium chloride and 8 mu L of tetramethylethylenediamine, stirring for 1.5h, placing the obtained solution in a vacuum oven, standing at 60 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain colorless and transparent polyacrylamide hydrogel electrolyte, and washing with deionized water for multiple times to remove residual monomers.
4. The multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte-based electrochromic device and the manufacturing method thereof according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in the second step, a 1% mass concentration aqueous solution of PEDOT: PSS is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte using a spray gun.
5. The multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte-based electrochromic device and the manufacturing method thereof according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in the third step, a transparent ITO glass electrode is uniformly placed on the surface of the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte to obtain the multifunctional hydrogel electrolyte-based electrochromic device.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113970858A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-25 | 吉林省钜鸿智能技术有限公司 | Temperature difference resistant liquid crystal display |
| CN115079481A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-20 | 湘潭大学 | Nitrate ion electrolyte for electrochromism and application thereof |
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