CN113568189A - Zoom glasses and focusing method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention mainly aims to solve the problems of inconvenient focal length adjustment operation and low precision in the prior zoom glasses technology, and provides zoom glasses and a focusing method thereof, wherein the zoom glasses comprise a frame, the frame comprises two frames, two frame legs, two nose supports and a beam for connecting the two frames, and the two frames are respectively provided with two cameras and three light sources; and a power module, a transmission module, a processing module and an analysis module are integrated in the spectacle frame legs. On one hand, the invention adopts the Alvarez lens zoom system to realize passive focusing, and the operation is convenient; on the other hand, through the arrangement of the camera and the light source and data processing, the displacement of the spectacle frame relative to human eyes is monitored in real time, data with errors caused by the movement of the spectacle frame are corrected, and the precision of adjusting the focal length is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical imaging, in particular to a pair of zoom glasses and a focusing method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, the best correction means for presbyopic patients is to wear optical glasses. Along with the gradual increase of presbyopic patient's quantity, the demand of presbyopic glasses also greatly increased, however traditional optical glasses can not be fine satisfies user's demand of using the eye, for example traditional glasses are good correction effect when looking far away, but can produce the image blurring when looking near, need the user to take off glasses and look the thing. Aiming at the phenomenon, the traditional optical glasses develop bifocals and progressive multi-focus glasses, the phenomenon of myopia and blurring is improved, but the situations of discomfort of eyes, dizziness and the like still exist in the actual use process of a wearer. Therefore, a plurality of manufacturers put forward a new design idea, namely that the zoom glasses realize the focal length change of the whole lens through a technical means so as to adapt to the visual distance change of human eyes. The zoom glasses are divided into active zoom glasses and passive zoom glasses, wherein the passive zoom glasses are adjusted by manually controlling the focal length according to the requirements of the wearer, so that the operation is inconvenient, the manual focusing is easy to shake, and the focal length is difficult to accurately adjust. The active type zoom glasses automatically adjust the focal length of the lenses according to the visual distance information by extracting the visual distance of human eyes, the visual distance of the human eyes is determined by adopting a pupil-cornea reflection method mostly and analyzing the position relation between a pupil center point and a reflection point of an external light source on the cornea by extracting an eye image, the change of the position relation between the two points is slight, the device is also in a head-wearing type, the head rotation can cause the device to move relative to the human eyes, and therefore the stability of the device can greatly influence the result. In the prior art, the zoom glasses are head-wearing glasses, so that the head can be easily followed to shake, the stability of the device is not guaranteed, the error exists in the focal length adjustment of the zoom glasses, and the precision is not high. For example, chinese patent grant publication no: CN108873337A discloses a vision zooming helmet with manually hydraulic adjusting visual field, which comprises a helmet body, wherein the helmet body is provided with a picture frame and a lens, the lens is provided with a first lens component and a second lens component, the first lens component is provided with a vision adjusting device which can be set by different users in different vision degree ranges according to the self vision, the second lens component is provided with a visual field adjusting device which can be set by the users in different environments in different visual field distances, the vision adjusting device and the visual field adjusting device adopt a manual hydraulic adjusting structure, the manual hydraulic adjusting structure is connected with the picture frame and/or the helmet body and is connected with the lens, the lens is provided with an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is connected with the manual hydraulic adjusting structure, although the invention has simple structure and convenient operation, because the vision and the visual field can be adjusted, very much be fit for masses and use, but this device adopts manual regulation lens light focus, and not only inconvenient operation, manual focusing produces easily moreover and rocks, is difficult to accurate adjustment focus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the problems of inconvenient focal length adjustment operation and low precision in the prior zoom glasses technology, and provides the zoom glasses and the focusing method thereof, which adopt passive focusing and are convenient to operate; through the arrangement of the camera and the light source and data processing, the displacement of the spectacle frame relative to human eyes is monitored in real time, the error caused by the movement of the spectacle frame is reduced, and the precision of adjusting the focal length is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pair of zoom glasses comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises two frames, two frame legs, two nose pads and a beam for connecting the two frames, and the two frames are respectively provided with two cameras and three light sources; the endoscope frame comprises an endoscope frame leg and is characterized in that a power module, a transmission module, a processing module and an analysis module are integrated in the endoscope frame leg, and the power module is electrically connected with the transmission module, the processing module and the analysis module respectively. The basic principle of this scheme is when the relative eyeball of mirror holder takes place the displacement, and the relative mirror holder of eyeball takes place the displacement promptly, can be seen as the eyeball takes place to rotate, and the visual axis takes place to deflect this moment, acquires the visual axis angle of deflection through calculation, then corrects the contained angle of visual axis and left and right eyes geometric center line with the visual axis angle of deflection to this corrects the data error because the mirror holder displacement leads to, improves the precision of data, further improves the degree of accuracy of follow-up focusing, has overcome the not enough of zoom glasses poor stability, has the practicality. In addition, the two glasses frames are respectively provided with the double cameras and are positioned on the two sides of the glasses frames, and eye images are obtained by shooting eyes and are used for data acquisition and data analysis. When a single camera is used for shooting, when the rotation angle of an eyeball is too large, the phenomena of pupil center loss, image distortion and the like can be generated, so that the later image processing error is larger; the two cameras are adopted for shooting simultaneously, the two cameras are respectively located at the two ends of the spectacle frame, errors caused by large-angle deflection of eyeballs are avoided, when the shot eye images have overlapped parts, the images collected by the two cameras are respectively processed, and then the data are jointly processed, so that the accuracy of data extraction is improved. Meanwhile, the data accuracy is ensured by adopting three light sources, the three light sources can acquire three groups of data, and when the three groups of data are consistent, the data are reliable and can be used for subsequent operation; when the three groups of data are inconsistent, the device has problems and needs to be further adjusted, and the design further improves the precision of the data. A power supply module arranged in the glasses frame leg supplies power to the whole device; the transmission module is used for transmitting data; the processing module is used for processing the eye image data after the combined processing to obtain the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis; the analysis module is used for obtaining a visual axis deflection angle, firstly, the distance between a light source and the geometric center of an eyeball, the distance between the geometric center of the eyeball and the curvature center of a cornea and the curvature radius of the cornea are obtained according to the estimation of an eyeball model, then, the angle of the position of the light source relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction is obtained according to the distance between the virtual image point of the light source and the visual axis, the distance between the geometric center of the eyeball and the curvature center of the cornea and the curvature radius of the cornea, and finally, the visual axis deflection angle is obtained according to the angle variation of the position of the light source relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction to prepare for subsequent focusing.
Preferably, the two cameras are located on two sides of the upper side of the frame, one light source of the three light sources is located between the two cameras and the upper side of the frame, and the other two light sources are located below the frame. The two glasses frames are respectively provided with the double cameras, are positioned on the two sides of the glasses frames, and are used for acquiring eye images by shooting eyes for data acquisition and data analysis. The design of double cameras can avoid eyeball rotation to lead to iris region to be located the canthus position and take place the image incomplete, and then can't extract the condition at pupil center, under the condition that two cameras all have data, carries out correlation processing to data, has improved the precision of data extraction. The three light sources form a plane, and the displacement of the spectacle frame relative to the human eyes can be monitored in real time by processing data between the eyeballs and the plane, so that errors caused by the movement of the spectacle frame are reduced.
Preferably, two of the three light sources are located above the frame and between the two cameras, and the other light source is located below the frame. The three light sources of the device form a plane, one light source is arranged on the upper side of the picture frame and between the two cameras, the other two light sources are arranged on the lower side of the picture frame, the two light sources can be arranged on the upper side of the picture frame and between the two cameras, and the other light source is arranged on the lower side of the picture frame.
Preferably, the variable focus glasses further comprise an Alvarez lens zoom system, and the Alvarez lens zoom system comprises a variable focus lens and a processing chip for adjusting the focal length of the variable focus lens. The invention realizes focusing operation through the Alvarez lens zoom system, the analysis module transmits the visual axis deflection angle to the processing chip of the Alvarez lens zoom system, the processing chip corrects the included angle between the visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball by the visual axis deflection angle so as to correct the data error caused by the displacement of the spectacle frame, then calculates the visual distance information according to the corrected data, and controls the adjustable focusing lens to make accurate focusing operation according to the visual distance information. Compared with the prior art, the defects that the zoom glasses are poor in stability, data are prone to error due to easy movement, and focusing is not accurate are overcome. The invention adopts the Alvarez lens zoom system to realize passive zoom and has convenient operation.
A focusing method of zoom eyeglasses adapted to the zoom eyeglasses according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: step S1), shooting eye images through two cameras, carrying out joint processing on the eye image data, and transmitting the eye image data to a processing module through a transmission module; step S2), the processing module carries out image processing on the eye image data after the combined processing to obtain the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis, and the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis is transmitted to the analysis module through the transmission module; step S3), the analysis module estimates and obtains the distance between the light source and the geometric center of the eyeball, the distance between the geometric center of the eyeball and the curvature center of the cornea and the curvature radius of the cornea according to the eyeball model, and obtains the angle of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction according to the distance between the virtual image point of the light source and the visual axis, the distance between the light source and the geometric center of the eyeball, the distance between the geometric center of the eyeball and the curvature center of the cornea and the curvature radius of the cornea; step S4), the angle variation of the positions of the front and back frames of light sources relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction is determined as a visual axis deflection angle, the included angle between the visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball is corrected according to the visual axis deflection angle, and the corrected data is transmitted to a processing chip of the Alvarez lens zoom system; step S5), the processing chip of the Alvarez lens zooming system obtains the visual distance information through calculation according to the data of the included angle between the corrected visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball, and adjusts the focal length of the variable focal length lens according to the visual distance information. The device is provided with two cameras on the left and right mirror frames, and the cameras are used for performing combined processing on image data after shooting eye images, so that the data precision is improved; then the data after the combined processing is transmitted to a processing module, the processing module processes the data by utilizing an image processing technology to obtain the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis, and the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis is transmitted to an analysis module; the analysis module obtains the distance between the light source and the geometric center of the eyeball, the distance between the geometric center of the eyeball and the curvature center of the cornea and the curvature radius of the cornea through eyeball model estimation, and calculates the angle of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction based on the obtained distance between the virtual image point of the light source and the visual axis, the distance between the light source and the geometric center of the eyeball, the distance between the geometric center of the eyeball and the curvature center of the cornea and the curvature radius data of the cornea. The eyeballs rotate continuously, so the whole processing process is frame extraction processing in a video, a visual axis deflection angle can be obtained by combining angles of the positions of two frames of light sources in front and back relative to a visual axis in the horizontal direction, an included angle between the visual axis and a connecting line of geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball is corrected according to the visual axis deflection angle, so that data errors caused by the displacement of a spectacle frame are corrected, then the corrected data are transmitted to a processing chip of an Alvarez lens zooming system, the processing chip calculates visual distance information according to the obtained corrected data, and the adjustable focusing lens is controlled to perform accurate focusing operation according to the visual distance information. The invention can obtain the specific displacement of the lens bracket by calculating the angle variation of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction, so as to correct the data after the position of the lens bracket is changed, improve the precision of the data and overcome the defect of poor focusing precision caused by poor stability of the zoom glasses.
Preferably, in step S3, the relationship between the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis and the angle of the light source position with respect to the visual axis in the horizontal direction is:
wherein h' represents the distance from the virtual image point of the light source to the visual axis, D represents the distance from the light source to the geometric center of the eyeball, Delta represents the distance from the geometric center of the eyeball to the curvature center of the cornea, r represents the curvature radius of the cornea, and theta represents the angle of the position of the light source relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction. The device can obtain the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis according to the collected image data, then obtain the distance from the light source to the geometric center of the eyeball, the distance from the geometric center of the eyeball to the curvature center of the cornea and the curvature radius of the cornea according to the estimation of the eyeball model, substitute the data into the relational expression of the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis and the angle of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction, and calculate the angle of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction for subsequent operation.
Preferably, in step S4, the formula for calculating the viewing angle is:
β＝θ1-θ2
wherein β represents a visual axis deflection angle, θ1Representing the angle, θ, of the light source position of the current frame with respect to the horizontal viewing axis in the initial state2Indicating the angle of the light source position of the previous frame with respect to the horizontal viewing axis in the initial state. The eyeballs rotate continuously, so the whole processing process is frame extraction processing in a video, a visual axis deflection angle can be obtained by combining the angles of the positions of the front and rear two frames of light sources relative to a visual axis in the horizontal direction, and the included angle between the visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs is corrected according to the visual axis deflection angle, so that the data error caused by the displacement of the spectacle frame is corrected, and the data precision is improved.
Preferably, in step S4, the distance between the geometric centers of the left and right eyes is estimated by using the eye model, and the viewing distance information is obtained according to the distance between the geometric centers of the left and right eyes, the angle between the corrected left visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left and right eyes, and the angle between the corrected right visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left and right eyes, in combination with the geometric relation formula. When the spectacle frame is displaced, namely the eyeballs rotate, the visual axis deflects, an error exists in an included angle between the originally calibrated visual axis and a connecting line of the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs, the error is corrected according to the visual axis deflection angle obtained in the previous step, and the data precision is improved.
Preferably, when the eyeball rotates, the camera imaging plane and the cornea imaging plane form an angle, and in step S2, the data obtained through the image processing technique is actually a projection of the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis on the camera imaging plane, and the relationship between the projection and the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis is:
wherein h represents the projection of the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis on the camera imaging plane, h 'represents the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis, and beta' represents the eyeball rotation angle. When the eyeball rotates, the data obtained by the image processing technique in step S2 is actually the projection of the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis on the camera imaging plane, so the data needs to be processed, that is, the real distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis is obtained according to the relational expression between the projection and the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis, thereby avoiding the data having errors, causing inaccurate focusing accuracy and causing discomfort to the user.
Preferably, the eyeball rotation angle is a visual axis deflection angle of a previous frame. In the actual calculation process, the visual axis deflection angle of the previous frame is taken as the eyeball rotation angle of the current frame, and the eyeball rotation angle is substituted into the relational expression of the projection and the distance between the light source virtual image point and the visual axis, so that the real distance between the light source virtual image point and the visual axis is obtained.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the two cameras are adopted for shooting simultaneously, the two cameras are respectively positioned at the two ends of the spectacle frame, so that errors caused by large-angle deflection of eyeballs are avoided, and when the shot eye images have overlapped parts, the images collected by the two cameras are respectively processed, and then the data are jointly processed, so that the data extraction precision is improved;
(2) the position relation between a plurality of light source virtual image points and the center of a pupil is analyzed through the arrangement of the camera and the light sources and data processing, the displacement of the spectacle frame relative to human eyes is monitored in real time, errors caused by the movement of the spectacle frame are reduced, and the precision of adjusting the focal length is improved;
(3) overcomes the defect of poor stability of the zoom glasses and has practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an architecture of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a layout diagram of a camera and a light source according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of another camera and light source of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a light source and an eyeball in an initial state according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a light source and an eyeball after rotation of the eyeball in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the projection of the distance h 'from the virtual image point S' of the light source to the visual axis on the imaging plane of the camera in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of the change in angle theta as the frame moves in an embodiment of the present invention.
1. The spectacle frame comprises a spectacle frame 2, a spectacle frame 3, spectacle frame legs 4, a nose pad 5, a cross beam 6, a power module 7, a transmission module 8, a processing module 9 and an analysis module.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a variable focus lens, which comprises a frame 1,the spectacle frame 1 comprises two spectacle frames 2, two spectacle frame legs 3, two nose pads 4 and a crossbeam 5 for connecting the two spectacle frames 2, wherein two cameras C and three light sources S are respectively arranged on the two spectacle frames 2, and the light sources S are infrared light sources; a power module 6, a transmission module 7, a processing module 8 and an analysis module 9 are integrated in the mirror frame leg 3, and the power module 6 is electrically connected with the transmission module 7, the processing module 8 and the analysis module 9 respectively. The basic principle of the present invention is that when the frame 1 is displaced relative to the eyeball, i.e. the eyeball is displaced relative to the frame 1, the eyeball can be regarded as rotating, and the visual axis (eyeball geometric center O) is at this time1And the center of the pupil OpThe line of the lens frame 1) to deflect, a visual axis deflection angle beta is obtained through calculation, and then the visual axis deflection angle beta is used for correcting the included angle between the visual axis and the line of the geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball, so that the data error caused by the displacement of the lens frame 1 is corrected, the data precision is improved, the accuracy of subsequent focusing is further improved, and the defect of poor stability of the zoom glasses is overcome. In addition, the two glasses frames 2 are respectively provided with the double cameras C which are positioned at two sides of the glasses frames 2, and eye images are obtained by shooting eyes and are used for data acquisition and data analysis. When a single camera is used for shooting, when the rotation angle of the eyeball is too large, the pupil center O is generatedpLoss, image distortion and the like, so that the later image processing error is larger; adopt two cameras C to shoot simultaneously, two cameras C are located the both ends of picture frame 2 respectively, have avoided the error that eyeball wide-angle deflected and brought to when the eye image of shooing has the coincidence portion, through handling the image of two camera C collection respectively, jointly handle data again, improve the precision of data extraction. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the data is ensured by adopting the three light sources S, the three light sources S can acquire three groups of data, and when the three groups of data are consistent, the data are reliable and can be used for subsequent operation; when the three groups of data are inconsistent, the device has problems and needs to be further adjusted, and the design further improves the precision of the data. A power module 6 arranged in the glasses frame legs 3 supplies power to the whole device; the transmission module 7 is used for transmitting data; the processing module 8 is configured to perform image processing on the eye image data after the joint processing to obtain a distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis; analytical modelThe block 9 is used for obtaining a visual axis deflection angle beta, and firstly, a light source S and an eyeball geometric center O are obtained according to eyeball model estimation1Distance D, eyeball geometric center O1And the center of curvature O of the cornea2And then according to the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis and the distance delta from the light source S to the geometric center O of the eyeball1Distance D, eyeball geometric center O1And the center of curvature O of the cornea2The angle theta of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction is obtained, and finally, the visual axis deflection angle beta is obtained according to the angle theta variation of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction, so that preparation is made for subsequent focusing.
As shown in fig. 3, two cameras C are located on two sides of the upper side of the frame 2, one light source S of the three light sources S is located between the two cameras C on the upper side of the frame 2, and the other two light sources S are located below the frame 2. The two glasses frames 2 are respectively provided with the double cameras C which are positioned at the two sides of the glasses frames 2, and eye images are obtained by shooting eyes and are used for data acquisition and data analysis. The design of the double cameras C can avoid incomplete images caused by the fact that the iris area is positioned at the canthus due to eyeball rotation, and further the center O of the pupil cannot be extractedpIn the case of (3), when both the cameras C have data, the data is subjected to correlation processing, and the accuracy of data extraction is improved. The three light sources S form a plane, and the displacement of the spectacle frame 1 relative to the human eyes can be monitored in real time by processing data between the eyeballs and the plane, so that errors caused by the movement of the spectacle frame 1 are reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, two light sources S are located above the frame 2 and between the two cameras C, and the other light source S is located below the frame 2. The three light sources S of the device form a plane, except that one light source S is arranged on the upper side of the picture frame 2 and between the two cameras C, the other two light sources S are arranged on the lower side of the picture frame 2, the other two light sources S can also be arranged on the upper side of the picture frame 2 and between the two cameras C, and the other one light source S is arranged on the lower side of the picture frame 2.
The variable focus spectacles further comprise an Alvarez lens zoom system comprising variable focus lenses and a processing chip for adjusting the focal length of the variable focus lenses. The invention realizes focusing operation through an Alvarez lens zoom system, an analysis module 9 transmits a visual axis deflection angle beta to a processing chip of the Alvarez lens zoom system, the processing chip corrects an included angle between a visual axis and a geometric center connecting line of a left eyeball and a right eyeball by using the visual axis deflection angle beta so as to correct data errors caused by the displacement of a spectacle frame 1, then, visual distance information is calculated according to the corrected data, and a focusing lens is controlled according to the visual distance information to carry out accurate focusing operation.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a focusing method of a pair of zoom glasses is suitable for the pair of zoom glasses, and includes the following steps: step S1), shooting eye images through two cameras C, carrying out joint processing on the eye image data, and transmitting the eye image data to the processing module 8 through the transmission module 7; step S2), the processing module 8 processes the eye image data after the combined processing to obtain the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis, and transmits the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis to the analysis module 9 through the transmission module 7; step S3) the analysis module 9 estimates the light source S and the eyeball geometric center O according to the eyeball model1Distance D, eyeball geometric center O1And the center of curvature O of the cornea2According to the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis and the distance delta and the curvature radius r of the cornea, the light source S and the geometric center O of the eyeball1Distance D, eyeball geometric center O1And the center of curvature O of the cornea2The angle theta of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction is obtained; step S4), the angle theta variation of the positions of the front and back frames of light sources relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction is determined as a visual axis deflection angle beta, the included angle between the visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball is corrected according to the visual axis deflection angle beta, and the corrected data is transmitted to a processing chip of the Alvarez lens zoom system; step S5) the processing chip of the Alvarez lens zooming system obtains the visual distance information through calculation according to the data of the included angle between the corrected visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball, and adjusts the focal length of the variable focal lens according to the visual distance information. According to the device, the left and right spectacle frames 2 are provided with the cameras C, and after eye images are obtained by shooting eyes, the cameras C perform combined processing on image data, so that the data precision is improved; then will beThe data after the joint processing is transmitted to the processing module 8, the processing module 8 processes the data by using an image processing technology to obtain the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis, and transmits the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis to the analysis module 9; the analysis module 9 estimates the light source S and the eyeball geometric center O through the eyeball model1Distance D, eyeball geometric center O1And the center of curvature O of the cornea2Based on the obtained distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis and the distance h 'from the light source S' to the visual axis and the geometric center O of the eyeball1Distance D, eyeball geometric center O1And the center of curvature O of the cornea2The angle theta of the light source position with respect to the horizontal visual axis is calculated from the corneal curvature radius data r and the distance delta. The eyeballs rotate continuously, so the whole processing process is frame extraction processing in a video, a visual axis deflection angle beta can be obtained by combining the angle theta of the positions of two frames of light sources before and after the frame and a visual axis in the horizontal direction, the included angle between the visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball is corrected according to the visual axis deflection angle beta, so that the data error caused by the displacement of the spectacle frame 1 is corrected, then the corrected data is transmitted to a processing chip of the Alvarez lens zoom system, the processing chip calculates the visual distance information according to the obtained corrected data, and the adjustable focusing lens is controlled according to the visual distance information to carry out accurate focusing operation. The invention can calculate the specific displacement of the spectacle frame 1 by the angle theta variation of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction, thereby correcting the data after the position of the spectacle frame is changed.
As shown in fig. 5-6, the distance h 'from the light source virtual point S' to the visual axis is expressed as:
the spherical imaging formula and the geometric relationship show that:
from the above formula, the relationship between the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis and the angle θ of the light source position with respect to the visual axis in the horizontal direction is:
wherein h 'represents the distance from the virtual image point S' of the light source to the visual axis, and D represents the geometric center O of the light source S and the eyeball1A represents the geometric center O of the eyeball1And the center of curvature O of the cornea2R represents the corneal radius of curvature, theta represents the angle theta of the light source position with respect to the horizontal visual axis, and L' represents the light source S and the corneal center of curvature O2The distance from the intersection point of the connecting line and the cornea to the light source virtual image point S'; l represents the light source S and the corneal center of curvature O2The distance from the intersection point of the connecting line of (a) and the cornea to the light source S; alpha represents the light source S and the corneal center of curvature O2Angle of the line (b) with respect to the visual axis direction. The device can obtain the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis according to the collected image data, and then the light source S and the eyeball geometric center O are obtained according to the eyeball model estimation1Distance D, eyeball geometric center O1And the center of curvature O of the cornea2The angle θ of the light source position with respect to the horizontal visual axis is calculated by substituting the data into a relational expression between the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis and the angle θ of the light source position with respect to the horizontal visual axis. After the zoom glasses are worn, the visual axis is calibrated, the two cameras C respectively extract eye images, if the two cameras C can shoot complete images, the eye images are in an optimal state, and data results obtained by the two cameras C in the optimal state are consistent. If the data are inconsistent, the two parts of data can be jointly analyzed to obtain better resultsAdding the accurate data. For example, the image data after the joint analysis is processed to obtain a virtual image point S' of the three light sources S and a pupil center OpThe pixel coordinate positions of (1) can be calculated by the coordinates to obtain pixel distances of 86px, 86px and 0 respectively, and the actual distances of 1.075mm, 1.075mm and 0 are obtained by calculation by combining camera parameters, because of the pupil center OpIn the direction of visual axis, when viewed from the front, the distance h ' from the light source virtual image point S ' to the visual axis is equal to the distance from the light source virtual image point S ' to the pupil center OpSo that the distances h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis are 1.075mm, 0, respectively; substituting the relation between the distance h 'from the virtual light source point S' to the visual axis and the angle theta between the light source position and the visual axis in the horizontal direction, the angles between the visual axis in the horizontal direction and each light source S in the initial state are 19 degrees, 19 degrees and 0 degrees respectively. After the spectacle frame 1 is displaced, namely the eyeball rotates, the eye image is processed to obtain the light source S and the pupil center OpThe pixel distances of (a) are respectively 119px, 49px and 38px, and the actual distances obtained by calculation by combining camera parameters are respectively 1.4875mm, 1.5104mm and 1.31250 mm; the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis and the angle theta of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction are substituted into the relational expression, so that the angles between the visual axis in the horizontal direction and each light source S are respectively 28 degrees, 10 degrees and 9 degrees after the eyeball rotates.
As shown in fig. 8, when the frame 1 moves away from or approaches the eyeball, the angle θ of the light source position with respect to the horizontal viewing axis changes, specifically: the angle θ becomes smaller when away from the eyeball and becomes larger when approaching the eyeball.
In step S4, the formula for calculating the viewing angle β is:
β＝θ1-θ2
wherein β represents a visual axis deflection angle, θ1Representing the angle, θ, of the light source position of the current frame with respect to the horizontal viewing axis in the initial state2Indicating the angle of the light source position of the previous frame with respect to the horizontal viewing axis in the initial state. Because the eyeball is continuously rotated, the whole processing process is to extract frames in the video and combine the positions of the light source of the two frames before and afterThe angle of the visual axis deflection beta can be obtained relative to the angle theta of the visual axis in the horizontal direction, and the included angle between the visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball is corrected according to the angle of the visual axis deflection beta, so that the data error caused by the displacement of the spectacle frame 1 is corrected, and the data precision is improved. According to the above example, the difference between the horizontal visual axis before and after the eyeball rotation and the angle correspondence of each light source S is used to obtain the three data that the visual axis deflection angles β corresponding to the three light sources S are 9 °, and the final visual axis deflection angle β is 9 °.
In step S4, the distance between the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs is estimated by using the eyeball model, and the viewing distance information is obtained by combining the geometric relationship formula according to the distance between the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs, the angle between the corrected left visual axis and the line connecting the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs, and the angle between the corrected right visual axis and the line connecting the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs. When the spectacle frame 1 is displaced, namely the eyeballs rotate, the visual axis deflects, an error exists in an included angle between the originally calibrated visual axis and a connecting line of the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs, and the error is corrected according to the visual axis deflection angle beta obtained in the previous step.
As shown in fig. 7, when the eyeball rotates, the camera imaging plane forms an angle with the cornea imaging plane, in step S2, the data obtained by the image processing technique is actually the projection h of the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis on the camera imaging plane, and the relation between the projection h and the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis is:
wherein h represents the projection of the distance h ' from the light source virtual image point S ' to the visual axis on the camera imaging plane, h ' represents the distance from the light source virtual image point S ' to the visual axis, and beta ' represents the eyeball rotation angle. Wherein, the eyeball rotation angle β' is the visual axis deflection angle β of the previous frame. In the actual calculation process, the visual axis deflection angle beta of the previous frame is taken as the eyeball rotation angle beta 'of the current frame, and the eyeball rotation angle beta' is substituted into the relational expression of the projection h and the distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis, so that the real distance h 'from the light source virtual image point S' to the visual axis is obtained.
Claims (10)
1. A pair of zoom glasses comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises two glasses frames, two glasses frame legs, two nose pads and a beam for connecting the two glasses frames; the endoscope frame comprises an endoscope frame leg and is characterized in that a power module, a transmission module, a processing module and an analysis module are integrated in the endoscope frame leg, and the power module is electrically connected with the transmission module, the processing module and the analysis module respectively.
2. The pair of variable focus spectacles of claim 1, wherein the two cameras are located on opposite sides of the upper rim of the frame, and wherein one of the three light sources is located on the upper rim between the two cameras and the other two light sources are located on the lower rim.
3. The pair of variable focus spectacles of claim 1, wherein two of the three light sources are located above the frame and between the two cameras, and the other light source is located below the frame.
4. Zoom glasses according to claim 1, further comprising an Alvarez lens zoom system comprising variable focus lenses and a processing chip for adjusting the focal length of the variable focus lenses.
5. A focusing method of a zoom lens adapted to the zoom lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
step S1: shooting eye images through two cameras, carrying out joint processing on eye image data, and transmitting the eye image data to a processing module through a transmission module;
step S2: the processing module carries out image processing on the eye image data after the combined processing to obtain the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis, and transmits the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis to the analysis module through the transmission module;
step S3: the analysis module estimates and obtains the distance between the light source and the geometric center of the eyeball, the distance between the geometric center of the eyeball and the curvature center of the cornea and the curvature radius of the cornea according to the eyeball model, and obtains the angle of the position of the light source relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction according to the distance between the virtual image point of the light source and the visual axis, the distance between the light source and the geometric center of the eyeball, the distance between the geometric center of the eyeball and the curvature center of the cornea and the curvature radius of the cornea;
step S4: setting the angle variation of the positions of the front and rear frames of light sources relative to a visual axis in the horizontal direction as a visual axis deflection angle, correcting an included angle between the visual axis and a connecting line of the geometric centers of left and right eyeballs according to the visual axis deflection angle, and transmitting the corrected data to a processing chip of the Alvarez lens zoom system;
step S5: and the processing chip of the Alvarez lens zooming system obtains the visual distance information through calculation according to the data of the included angle between the corrected visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left eyeball and the right eyeball, and adjusts the focal length of the variable focal length lens according to the visual distance information.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S3, the relationship between the distance from the virtual point of the light source to the visual axis and the angle of the light source position relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction is:
wherein h' represents the distance from the virtual image point of the light source to the visual axis, D represents the distance from the light source to the geometric center of the eyeball, Delta represents the distance from the geometric center of the eyeball to the curvature center of the cornea, r represents the curvature radius of the cornea, and theta represents the angle of the position of the light source relative to the visual axis in the horizontal direction.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S4, the calculation formula of the tilt angle of the visual axis is:
β＝θ1-θ2
wherein β represents a visual axis deflection angle, θ1Representing the angle, θ, of the light source position of the current frame with respect to the horizontal viewing axis in the initial state2Indicating the angle of the light source position of the previous frame with respect to the horizontal viewing axis in the initial state.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S4, the distance between the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs is estimated by using an eyeball model, and the distance information is obtained according to the geometric relationship formula based on the distance between the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs, the angle between the corrected left visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs, and the angle between the corrected right visual axis and the connecting line of the geometric centers of the left and right eyeballs.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the camera image plane is at an angle with respect to the cornea image plane when the eyeball rotates, and the data obtained by the image processing technique in step S2 is actually a projection of the distance from the virtual image point of the light source to the visual axis on the camera image plane, and the relationship between the projection and the distance from the virtual image point of the light source to the visual axis is:
wherein h represents the projection of the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis on the camera imaging plane, h 'represents the distance from the light source virtual image point to the visual axis, and beta' represents the eyeball rotation angle.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the eyeball rotation angle is a visual axis deflection angle of a previous frame.
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