CN113567336A - Asphalt and aggregate adhesion test device and method for simulating working condition of road wearing course - Google Patents
Asphalt and aggregate adhesion test device and method for simulating working condition of road wearing course Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567336A CN113567336A CN202110849069.1A CN202110849069A CN113567336A CN 113567336 A CN113567336 A CN 113567336A CN 202110849069 A CN202110849069 A CN 202110849069A CN 113567336 A CN113567336 A CN 113567336A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the adhesion force of asphalt and aggregate for simulating the working condition of a road wearing course, wherein the device comprises a main frame, a stirring head and a stirring shaft, the stirring head is fixed at the upper end of the main frame in a lifting manner, and the upper end of the stirring shaft is arranged on the stirring head and is driven by the stirring head to rotate and revolve; the device comprises a main frame, a stirring machine head, a stirring shaft, a water bath disc, a sample containing disc, a testing platform, a sweeping head, a water bath disc and a sample containing disc, wherein the testing platform is installed on the main frame and is positioned below the stirring machine head; adopt this application device can simulate traffic load and peel off the repeated action of pitch to the building stones, and the change of traffic and weather can be embodied to the experimental condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of asphalt pavement engineering, in particular to a device and a method for testing the adhesion force of asphalt and aggregate for simulating the working condition of a road wearing course.
Background
The adhesiveness of stone and asphalt is one of the core properties of asphalt pavement materials, the insufficient adhesiveness is one of the main causes of the early damage of the pavement, and the early damage of the pavement is characterized by two characteristics: the pits and the oversized tracks are directly related to the insufficient adhesion of the asphalt and the stone. In the first 10 years of the highway construction in China in the late century, the high-temperature deformation and water spalling damage can be rapidly developed in 1-2 years of traffic after the early stages of frequent and high-frequency damage are experienced.
The early damage problem of the dense grading on the high-grade road is basically solved by adopting modified asphalt in a large area in the high-grade road, strictly controlling the compactness (void ratio) in the construction process and increasing and strictly executing high-temperature and water stability indexes (JTG E20-2011 road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulation T0709 water-soaking Marshall test and T0729 freeze-thaw splitting test) in the engineering implementation process.
However, for open-graded semi-open-graded, 1-2.5cm ultra-thin top-coats, spayed pavement sealings, etc., which have much higher void fractions, their performance and durability are highly dependent on the adhesion of the aggregate and asphalt. In the technical specifications of the latest versions of semi-open-graded asphalt pavements, open-graded asphalt pavements and ultrathin overlay finishes, a mixture flying test (T0733) is mostly adopted as an adhesive mixture index, and the effect is far better than that of T0729 and T0709.
However, in actual works, the mixture test has problems of long period and delayed results, both before and during construction, and the results are difficult to recover or have little room for rotation when problems are found. Due to the requirements of raw material type selection and process quality control, the raw material test indexes comprise simple and quick stone adhesion indexes. T0616 (adhesion test of bitumen to coarse aggregate) is an adhesion test of bitumen to stone in the current specifications. However, this method relies on human observation, and cements with a slightly higher cohesion (such as modified asphalt) tend to reach the highest rating, and are not suitable for evaluating higher adhesion asphalt.
In recent years, studies on adhesion methods and indices have been divided into direct and indirect approaches. The direct idea is to upgrade the test condition of T0616 into impact and the like, and simultaneously, to digitize the test through the application of the scanning technology; the second direct idea is to develop some mechanical testing mechanism (shearing, drawing) against the adhesive force. Despite advances in testing methods and equipment, the problems associated with the disjointing of test conditions from service conditions and durability have not been addressed, while the testing itself is more complex. The indirect idea is to replace direct stone and asphalt adhesion tests by adopting a test method which is close to the indexes related to the adhesion and the physical concept, typical representatives are open-graded drainage pavements and ultrathin pavement technical systems, the dynamic viscosity at 60 ℃ is generally adopted as a key durability index, and the stronger the flow resistance at 60 ℃ is considered to be, the stronger the adhesion of the cementing material is. However, studies in recent years have shown that: the 60 ℃ dynamic viscosity has poor correlation with the mixture flying test, an optimal range of 60 ℃ dynamic viscosity exists, and the over-high 60 ℃ dynamic viscosity can cause the adhesion to be reduced because the asphalt and the stone are not infiltrated sufficiently. Then indirect indexes such as zero shear viscosity and the like are provided. The practical application is not yet entered because of the high testing cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a test device for simulating the adhesion force of asphalt and aggregate under the working condition of a road wearing course, and the device can be used for simulating the repeated action of traffic load on stone stripping asphalt.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a test method for the adhesion force of asphalt and aggregate for simulating the working condition of the road wearing course.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the asphalt and aggregate adhesion test device for simulating the working condition of the road wearing course comprises a main frame, a stirring machine head and a stirring shaft, wherein the stirring machine head is fixed at the upper end of the main frame in a lifting manner, and the upper end of the stirring shaft is arranged on the stirring machine head and is driven by the stirring machine head to rotate and revolve around a central shaft of the stirring machine head; still include test platform, sweep brush head, water bath dish and flourishing appearance dish, test platform installs on the main frame, and is located the below of stirring the aircraft nose, the water bath sets up on test platform, and the water bath dish has an upper end opening and can flourishing water basin, flourishing appearance dish is used for preparing pitch and gathers materials mixture test piece, and can arrange in the basin, sweep the brush head hang on the (mixing) shaft, and be located the top of flourishing appearance dish is in order to right test piece on the flourishing appearance dish is applyed the load and is swept by the (mixing) shaft drive.
And the sample holding device further comprises two clamps, the two clamps are respectively fixed on two sides of the test platform, and a chuck for clamping the sample holding disc on the water bath disc is arranged on the clamps.
Further, the sweeping head comprises a balancing weight, a brush clamp and a brush, the balancing weight can be detachably fixed at the lower end of the stirring shaft, the brush clamp can be detachably fixed on the balancing weight, and the brush can be detachably fixed on the brush clamp.
The water bath disc is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the water tank, the constant-temperature water tank is provided with a water pumping port and a water return port, the water pumping port is communicated with the water inlet through the water pumping pump, and the water outlet is communicated with the water return port through the water return pump; the water suction pump and the water return pump are self-balancing water pumps.
Furthermore, the sample containing disc is of a rectangular structure, two opposite corners of the sample containing disc are fixedly provided with a partition plate, the partition plate divides a groove body in the sample containing disc into a sample containing area for fixing a test piece and a clamping area located at the opposite corners of the sample containing disc, and the chuck is clamped in the clamping area.
Further, anchor clamps include base, handle, drive block and linking arm, the base can be dismantled and fix on test platform, the one end of linking arm articulates in one side top of base, the other end at the linking arm is fixed to the upper end of chuck, the lower extreme of handle articulates in the opposite side below of base, the upper end and the handle of drive block are articulated, and the lower extreme and the linking arm of drive block are articulated, work as drive when the handle is rotatory to vertical state the linking arm is rotatory to the horizontality so that the chuck presss from both sides tightly on flourishing appearance dish.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a method for testing the adhesion force of asphalt and aggregate for simulating the working condition of a road wearing course, which adopts the device and comprises the following steps:
preparing materials: taking modified asphalt and coarse aggregate for later use;
preparing a test piece: placing modified asphalt and coarse aggregate on the sample containing disc in a spreading mode of firstly asphalt and then coarse aggregate or in a spreading mode of mixing asphalt and aggregate and then spreading, rolling, leveling and molding to prepare a test piece, weighing the weight after removing loosened gravels, and obtaining the gravels before the conditionsAmount of stone WbcPreserving health at normal temperature;
and (3) testing: placing a sample containing disc containing a test piece in a water bath box, setting a constant temperature according to a preset climate condition, and keeping the temperature for 45-60 minutes under the constant temperature condition;
taking out the test piece, placing the test piece in a water bath disc filled with constant-temperature water, selecting a sweeping head counterweight according to the condition of traffic load, adjusting the position of a machine head, placing the sweeping head on the test piece and fully contacting the test piece, starting a sweeping mode to enable the sweeping head to rotate and revolve in the range of the test piece for sweeping, and sweeping for a preset time;
naturally air-drying the sample containing disc containing the test piece after the brushing is finished, weighing after the stone is removed by sweeping, and obtaining the tested crushed stone amount Wat；
And (3) calculating the result: according to the amount of crushed stone W before the conditionbcAnd the amount of crushed stone W after the testatAnd calculating to obtain the loss rate before and after the test, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
where TL is the loss rate before and after the test, WatFor the amount of crushed stone after the test, WbcThe amount of crushed stone before conditioning.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a method for testing the adhesion force of asphalt and aggregate for simulating the working condition of a road wearing course, which adopts the device and comprises the following steps:
preparing materials: taking modified asphalt and coarse aggregate for later use;
preparing a test piece: placing modified asphalt and aggregate on the sample containing disc in a spreading mode of firstly asphalt and then coarse aggregate or a spreading mode of mixing asphalt and aggregate at the construction temperature, rolling, leveling and molding to prepare a test piece, weighing the weight after removing loosened crushed stone, and obtaining the crushed stone amount W before the conditionbcPreserving health at normal temperature;
conditions are as follows: placing the test piece under one or more conditions for a certain time, naturally air-drying the test piece under the conditions, and removing loose broken stones on the surfaceAnd weighing the weight to obtain the crushed stone amount W under the conditionac；
And (3) testing: placing a sample containing disc containing a test piece in a water bath box, setting a constant temperature according to a preset climate condition, and keeping the temperature for 45-60 minutes under the constant temperature condition;
taking out the test piece, placing the test piece in a water bath disc filled with constant-temperature water, selecting a sweeping head counterweight according to the condition of traffic load, adjusting the position of a machine head, placing the sweeping head on the test piece and fully contacting the test piece, starting a sweeping mode to enable the sweeping head to rotate and revolve in the range of the test piece for sweeping, and sweeping for a preset time;
naturally air-drying the sample containing disc containing the test piece after the brushing is finished, weighing after the stone is removed by sweeping, and obtaining the tested crushed stone amount Wat；
And (3) calculating the result: according to the amount of crushed stone W before the conditionbcAmount of crushed stone W after conditioningacAnd calculating the loss rate before and after the conditions, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein CL is the loss rate before and after the test, WacAmount of crushed stone conditioned, WbcThe amount of crushed stone before the condition;
according to the quantity W of crushed stone after the conditionacAnd the amount of crushed stone W after the testatAnd calculating to obtain the loss rate before and after the test, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
where TL is the loss rate before and after the test, WatFor the amount of crushed stone after the test, WacThe amount of crushed stone before conditioning.
Further, the dosage of the coarse aggregate is SRA,
SRA＝(Wf-W0)×Rf，
wherein, SRA is the dosage of coarse aggregate, W0In order to hold the weight of the sample plate, WfIn order to fill the weight of the sample holding plate and the coarse aggregate after the coarse aggregate is paved, RfIs the fill factor.
Further, the conditions are soaking conditions or/and freezing conditions.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test apparatus for adhesion between asphalt and aggregate for simulating the working condition of a road wearing course provided in embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a sweeping head provided in embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a sample tray structure provided in embodiment 1 of the present application.
The device comprises a main frame 1, a test platform 2, a clamp 3, a base 31, a handle 32, a connecting arm 33, a driving block 34, a chuck 35, a stirring head 4, a stirring shaft 5, a sweeping head 6, a balancing weight 61, a brush clamp 62, a brush 63, a water bath disc 7, a sample containing disc 8, a partition plate 81, a sample containing area 82, a clamping area 83 and a test piece 9.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the application provides a test device for adhesion between asphalt and aggregate for simulating a working condition of a road wearing course, which comprises a main frame 1, a stirrer head 4 and a stirring shaft 5, wherein the stirrer head 4 is fixed at the upper end of the main frame 1 in a lifting manner, and the upper end of the stirring shaft 5 is installed on the stirrer head 4 and is driven by the stirrer head 4 to rotate and revolve around a central axis of the stirrer head 4; still include test platform 2, brush head 6, water bath dish 7 and flourishing appearance dish 8, test platform 2 installs on main frame 1, and is located the below of stirring aircraft nose 4, water bath dish 7 sets up on test platform 2, and water bath dish 7 has an upper end opening, and can flourishing water basin, flourishing appearance dish 8 is used for preparing pitch and aggregate mixture test piece 9, and can arrange in the basin, brush head 6 is fixed on (mixing) shaft 5, and is located flourishing appearance dish 8's top is in order to right test piece 9 on the flourishing appearance dish 8 is applyed the load and is brushed by the (mixing) shaft drive.
Adopt this application device, when experimental, can arrange the flourishing appearance dish 8 of containing by pitch and aggregate mixture test piece 9 in the water bath dish 7 that contains constant temperature water, carry out the broom by the (mixing) shaft drive through the broom head 6 to the test piece 9 of containing in the appearance dish 8, can simulate traffic load and peel off the repeated action of pitch to the building stones, the change of traffic and weather can be embodied to the experimental condition.
The main frame 1 is used for supporting the whole device, the stirring machine head 4 is arranged at the upper end of the main frame 1, the stirring machine head has a lifting function, and can drive the sweeping head 6 to lift so as to adjust the distance between the sweeping head 6 and the sample containing disc 8, so that the sweeping disc can be in full contact with the time in the sample containing disc 8, and a room is reserved from top to bottom. The stirring machine head 4 has the functions of driving the stirring shaft 5 to rotate and revolve around the central axis of the stirring machine head 4 so as to drive the sweeping brush disc to perform rotation sweeping and revolution sweeping within the range of the test piece 9, and the rotation and revolution speeds of the stirring machine head 4 are adjustable, so that the speed of traffic can be simulated.
The test platform 2 is installed on the main frame 1 and is located below the stirring machine head 4, and provides a supporting effect for the water bath disc 7, and the test platform 2 can integrally lift, so that the water bath disc 7 can lift to adjust the height of the water bath disc 7. The water bath tray 7 is fixedly installed on the test platform 2, is provided with a water tank with an opening at the upper end and capable of containing water, and can be filled with warm water for test and keep a constant temperature state during test to test the test piece 9.
The sample containing disc 8 is used for preparing a test piece 9 of a mixture of asphalt and aggregate, and is of a disc-shaped structure with a containing groove, and the test piece 9 is manufactured in the containing groove and fixed in the containing groove. During the test, the sample containing disc 8 containing the test piece 9 can be fixed in the water bath disc 7, and the test piece 9 is driven by the stirring shaft to carry out a brushing test under the condition of constant-temperature water bath.
In order to fix the sample containing disc 8 in the water bath disc 7, the test platform further comprises two clamps 3, the two clamps 3 are respectively fixed on two sides of the test platform 2, and the clamps 3 are provided with chucks 35 for clamping the sample containing disc 8 on the water bath disc 7. In the test, the sample tray 8 is fixed in the water bath tray 7 by the chuck 35 of the jig 3.
In order to fix the sample containing disc 8 in the water bath disc 7 without damaging the test piece 9, the sample containing disc 8 is of a rectangular structure, two opposite corners of the sample containing disc 8 are fixedly provided with a partition plate 81, the storage tank in the sample containing disc 8 is divided into a sample containing area 82 for fixing the test piece 9 and a clamping area 83 located at the opposite corners of the sample containing disc 8 by the partition plate 81, when the test piece 9 is prepared, the test piece 9 is placed in the sample containing area, and the clamping head 35 clamps the clamping area 83.
Specifically, the clamp 3 comprises a base 31, a handle 32, a driving block 34 and a connecting arm 33, the base 31 is detachably fixed on the testing platform 2, one end of the connecting arm 33 is hinged above one side of the base 31, the upper end of the chuck 35 is fixed at the other end of the connecting arm 33, the lower end of the handle 32 is hinged below the other side of the base 31, the upper end of the driving block 34 is hinged to the handle 32, the lower end of the driving block 34 is hinged to the connecting arm 33, when the handle 32 rotates to a vertical state, the connecting arm 33 is driven to rotate to a horizontal state so that the chuck 35 is clamped on the sample containing disc 8, the sample containing disc 8 is clamped in the water bath disc 7, and when the handle 32 rotates reversely to the horizontal state from the vertical state, the connecting arm 33 is driven to rotate synchronously so that the chuck 35 rotates upwards to loosen the sample containing disc 8. The driving block 34 may further include a stopper portion located on an upper side of the connecting arm 33, and when the handle 32 is rotated to the vertical state, the stopper portion presses on the upper side of the connecting arm 33 to drive the connecting arm 33 to rotate downward, so that the connecting arm 33 is maintained in the horizontal state to clamp the cartridge 35 to the cuvette 8.
In order to adjust the sweeping force conveniently to simulate the influence of different traffic volumes and different traffic loads, the sweeping head 6 comprises a balancing weight 61, a brush 63 clamp 62 and a brush 63, the balancing weight 61 is detachably fixed at the lower end of the stirring shaft 5, the brush 63 clamp 62 is detachably fixed on the balancing weight 61, and the brush 63 is detachably fixed on the brush 63 clamp 62; when in use, different counter weights 61, brushes 63 and clamps 62 and brushes 63 can be replaced according to the situation. The weight of the counter weight 61 can be selected from 1500g, 2000g, 2500g and 3000 g. The brushes 63 may be made of nylon or steel wire, and 2-3 different diameters are prepared for each brush 63.
In order to facilitate the control of the temperature of water in the water bath tray 7, the water bath tray 7 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the water tank, the constant temperature water tank is provided with a water pumping port and a water return port, the water pumping port is communicated with the water inlet through the water pumping pump, and the water outlet is communicated with the water return port through the water return pump; the water pump and the water return pump are self-balancing water pumps.
Through setting up the constant temperature water tank, suction pump and return water pump, accessible suction pump takes out into water bath dish 7 with the water in the constant temperature water tank, after the water in water bath dish 7 reaches the design water yield, open suction pump and return water pump simultaneously, make to form the hydrologic cycle between constant temperature water tank and the water bath dish 7, through the continuous water of setting for the temperature of supplementing in the water bath dish 7 of suction pump, simultaneously in the continuous water with in the water bath dish 7 takes out the constant temperature water tank, in order to guarantee that the temperature in the water bath dish 7 can keep at the design temperature, reach the constant temperature state. In this embodiment, the constant temperature water tank can keep the water at normal temperature to 90 ℃.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the application provides a method for testing the adhesion between asphalt and aggregate for simulating the working condition of a road wearing layer, and the method is suitable for testing and evaluating the adhesion between various modified asphalts and stone, particularly the adhesion of high-viscosity modified asphalts. And is not generally used to evaluate the adhesion of conventional asphalts to stone.
The method is particularly suitable for being used as the technical indexes of the raw materials of asphalt used for semi-open gradation, open gradation mixture, ultra-thin wearing course and chip seal.
The adhesion test selects the coarse aggregate actually adopted or selected for the pavement wearing layer mixture, and requires the shape to be square, the wear resistance and the high strength (the needle sheet content, the crushing value and the like require the technical requirements of the coarse aggregate of the wearing layer). The stone material is clean and free of dust (the dust content in a water washing method is not more than 0.1%), the stone material is single grain size, the nominal maximum grain size of the mixture is generally selected, and when the grain size is too small and is not matched with the minimum spreading thickness of the asphalt, the stone material with the same source and the grain size of 1-2 grades can be selected.
The method adopts the device described in embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials: taking the modified asphalt and the coarse aggregate for standby.
The crushed stone dosage is determined according to the size of the sample containing disc and the test purpose, and specifically, the crushed stone dosage is determined according to the following formula:
SRA＝(Wf-W0)×Rf
wherein SRA is the amount of crushed stone, W0Is the weight of the sample tray (i.e. the empty weight of the sample tray in kg), WfR is the weight of the sample tray and the coarse aggregate (when the hand is swung, the broken stone is fully paved until any stone can not be squeezed in again, the unit is kg) after the coarse aggregate is fully pavedfThe coefficient of the pavements (the durability test of the gravel seal is 60-90%, and the adhesion test is 30-70%).
The amount of modified asphalt used is determined by the application design, the stone particle size and the purpose of the test. In the durability test of the wearing course crushed stone seal, the dosage of the asphalt is the same as that of the design (the general dosage is larger and is 1.5-3.5kg/m2), and the particle size and the dosage of the stone are the same as those of the design. If it is intended to test the adhesion of the stone to the bitumen, the amount of bitumen (0.5-1.5kg/m2) is chosen, according to the expectations of adhesion and the size of the stone used for the test, the kinematic viscosity at 180 ℃ of the bitumen, so that the bitumen is as thin as possible in the case of a uniform spreading and at the same time adheres to the vast majority of the stones after rolling, the higher the viscosity and the greater the amount of bitumen used, the stone amount being preferably such that it has sufficient coverage without causing too much extrusion of the bitumen.
S2, preparing a test piece: placing modified asphalt and coarse aggregate on the sample containing disc in a spreading mode of firstly asphalt and then coarse aggregate or in a spreading mode of mixing asphalt and aggregate and then spreading, rolling, leveling and molding to prepare a test piece, weighing the weight after removing loosened crushed stone, and obtaining the crushed stone amount W before the conditionbcAnd preserving health at normal temperature. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
s21, testing the viscosity of the asphalt, and selecting the temperature when the rotational viscosity is 0.5-1.0Pa.s (general modified asphalt) or 1.0-2.0Pa.s (high-viscosity and high-viscosity modified asphalt) as the temperature (T) when the asphalt is poureds，℃)。
S22, setting the temperature of the modified asphalt to be TsThe oven of (2) was kept for at least 5 hours and the sample trays were placed in the same oven for preheating.
S23, heating the heating plate to the surface temperature Ts～Ts+10 ℃. Placing the sample tray on the surface of the heating plate, uniformly filling asphalt (weight is controlled by weight reduction method), and leveling with a small scraper at the same time of filling until the modified asphalt basically covers the bottom of the sample tray and the asphalt weight reaches the target weight (W)A) Plus or minus 10 percent, and finishing the asphalt filling.
S24, setting the temperature of the sample containing disc with the asphalt filling to be TsIn the oven, the sample containing plate is leveled and kept warm for more than 1 hour.
S25, taking the sample containing plate out of the oven, and returning to the surface temperature of Ts～TsHeating plate at +10 deg.C, adding target weight (W)s) The stone materials are evenly placed on the asphalt oil film of the sample containing disc;
and S26, immediately moving the sample containing plate to the ground after placing stones, and rolling 3 times respectively in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction by adopting a rolling roller with a rubber wheel. After rolling, all broken stones loosened from the test piece are swept, and the weight is weighed to obtain the broken stone amount W before the conditionbc. The weight of the rubber wheel needs to be more than 20kg, and the width of the roller is larger than that of the sample containing disc.
And S27, after the hot asphalt test piece is molded, placing the hot asphalt test piece at indoor temperature and maintaining for more than 4 hours, wherein the temperature is consistent with the normal temperature.
The test piece conditions of the well-maintained test piece can be determined according to the actual service condition of the project, and when the environment of the project area is dry, the effect of water can be not considered, and the test link can be directly entered without making conditions.
S3, testing: and (3) placing the sample containing disc containing the test piece in a water bath box, setting the constant temperature according to the preset climatic condition, and preserving the temperature for 45-60 minutes under the constant temperature condition. The preset climate condition is determined according to the environment temperature of the actual service area of the project.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the thermostatic water tank is set according to the test temperature, which can be set according to the climatic conditions, and is generally 40-70 ℃. And (3) after the temperature in the constant-temperature water tank reaches the set temperature, placing the sample containing disc containing the test piece in the constant-temperature water tank, and keeping the temperature for 45-60 minutes under the constant-temperature condition. And starting circulation between the constant-temperature water tank and the water bath tray 15 minutes before the test is started, and controlling the water temperature of the water bath tray to be within +/-1 ℃ of the set temperature of the constant-temperature water tank.
And then taking out the test piece and placing the test piece in a water bath disc filled with constant-temperature water, arranging a sweeping head according to the traffic load condition, placing the sweeping head on the test piece and fully contacting the test piece, starting a sweeping mode to enable the sweeping head to rotate and revolve in the test piece range for sweeping, and setting the time for sweeping. The preset time can be determined according to the traffic volume of the service area of the project.
Taking out the sample containing disc containing the test piece after reaching the constant temperature time, installing the sample containing disc in a water bath disc through a clamp, and selecting a proper balance weight block and a proper brush head according to the traffic load condition to be tested, wherein the vertical deformation of the brush head is required to be not more than 20%, and if the deformation exceeds 20% of the load, a new brush head or a brush head with stronger bearing capacity is replaced; and lifting the test platform until the brush head is fully contacted with the test piece, starting the sweeper, adjusting the rotating speed of the sweeper head according to the driving speed, and finishing the sweeper after the set time.
Naturally air-drying the sample containing disc containing the test piece after the brushing is finished, weighing after the stone is removed by sweeping, and obtaining the tested crushed stone amount Wat。
S4, calculation result: according to the amount of crushed stone W before the conditionbcAnd the amount of crushed stone W after the testatAnd calculating to obtain the loss rate before and after the test, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows.
Where TL is the loss rate before and after the test, WatFor the amount of crushed stone after the test, WbcThe amount of crushed stone before conditioning.
Example 3
Unlike in example 2, in this embodiment, after the curing step of S2 and before the testing step of S3, the specimen condition needs to be determined according to the project condition, and specifically, after the step S2 in example 2, the method includes the following steps:
s5, condition: placing the test piece under one or more conditions for a certain time, naturally air-drying the test piece under the conditions, removing loose gravels on the surface, weighing, and obtaining the amount W of the gravels under the conditionsac。
The condition can be determined according to the actual service condition of the project, if the actual service environment of the project is a humid non-low temperature area, the high-temperature soaking condition needs to be carried out on the test piece, the soaking time is 24-48 hours, the water temperature is the same as the test condition, the ground surface temperature corresponding to the average highest temperature in summer in the actual environment of the project is adopted, and the soaking condition can be set for multiple cycles according to the condition; if the actual service environment of the project is a humid and frozen area, the project needs to be kept for 16 hours under the freezing condition after being soaked in water, the freezing condition can be set for multiple cycles according to the condition, the sample containing disc is naturally dried after the condition is finished, the weight of the sample is weighed after the stone on the surface of the test piece is loosened and removed, and the crushed stone amount W after the condition is obtainedac。
After the condition is over, entering a testing step, which is the same as the step in the embodiment 2 and is not described again; after the test, the flow proceeds to step S6.
S6, calculation result: according to the amount of crushed stone W before the conditionbcAmount of crushed stone W after conditioningacCalculating the loss rate before and after obtaining the conditionThe specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein CL is the loss rate before and after the test, WacAmount of crushed stone conditioned, WbcThe amount of crushed stone before conditioning.
According to the quantity W of crushed stone after the conditionacAnd the amount of crushed stone W after the testatAnd calculating to obtain the loss rate before and after the test, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
where TL is the loss rate before and after the test, WatFor the amount of crushed stone after the test, WacThe amount of crushed stone before conditioning.
By adopting the test device and the method, the adhesion test of asphalt and stone can be simulated, and the test condition can directly simulate the interface failure mode of asphalt and stone; the influence of the environmental conditions of the wearing layer on the adhesion can be simulated according to the requirement, and the most extreme and unfavorable (controllable) temperature and humidity conditions are covered; simulating the repeated action of traffic load on stone to strip asphalt; the test conditions reflect the change in traffic volume. The method can be used for evaluating the adhesion of asphalt and stone, and the evaluation result can be used for predicting the durability of asphalt mixture and the facing material of the gravel seal.
The following tests were carried out on 6 kinds of asphalt and 2 kinds of stone using the apparatus of example 1 and the method of example 3 or example 3, and are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
The stone material source is uniform mineral resources, and is made of basalt, and the grain sizes are respectively 9.5-13.2mm and 4.75-9.5 mm.
Test example 1
70# asphalt 0.7kg/m2, 4.75-13.2mm basalt, 50% full pavement.
Unconditionally, water bath brushing at 40 ℃ and 50 ℃, 1500g of balance weight and a nylon brush.
Test example 2
0.7kg/m2 (matched with 4.75-9.5mm basalt) of SBS modified asphalt is 1.3kg/m2 (matched with 9.5-13.2mm basalt), and 50% of the asphalt is fully paved.
Unconditionally, water bath brushing at 50 ℃ and 60 ℃, 1500g of balance weight and a nylon brush.
Test example 3
Compounding high viscosity I1.3kg/m2 (with 4.75-13.2mm basalt), and 50% spreading completely.
Unconditionally, water bath brushing at 60 ℃ and 70 ℃, 1500g of balance weight and a nylon brush.
Unconditionally, a 70 ℃ water bath brush, a 2500g counterweight and a steel wire brush.
Test example 4
The composite high-viscosity II is 1.3kg/m2 (matched with 4.75-13.2mm basalt), and 50% of the composite high-viscosity II is fully paved.
Unconditionally, a water bath brush at 70 ℃, a 1500g counterweight and a nylon brush.
Unconditionally, a 70 ℃ water bath brush, a 2500g counterweight and a steel wire brush.
High-temperature 48-hour water bath, 70 ℃ water bath brush, 2500g counterweight and steel wire brush.
High temperature of 48 hours + freeze thawing of 18 hours, water bath brushing at 70 ℃, weight of 2500g and steel wire brush.
Test example 5
The composite high-viscosity III is 1.3kg/m2 (matched with 4.75-13.2mm basalt), and 50 percent of the composite high-viscosity III is fully paved.
Unconditionally, a water bath brush at 70 ℃, a 1500g counterweight and a nylon brush.
Unconditionally, a 70 ℃ water bath brush, a 2500g counterweight and a steel wire brush.
Test example 6
The SBS has high viscosity III of 1.3kg/m2 (matched with 4.75-13.2mm basalt) and is fully paved by 50 percent.
Unconditionally, a water bath brush at 70 ℃, a 1500g counterweight and a nylon brush.
Unconditionally, a 70 ℃ water bath brush, a 2500g counterweight and a steel wire brush.
Comparative example 1
PAC-13 (institute of civil engineering and Industrial standards pervious asphalt pavement technical Specification (CJJT190-2012)) was selected as shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
The technical requirements of the drainage mixture are shown in the table 3
TABLE 3
| Test items | Unit of | PAC-13 |
| Number of hits (double faces) | Next time | 50 |
| Void fraction (volume method) | ％ | 20～23 |
| Interconnected porosity of not less than | ％ | 14 |
| Leakage loss (at discharge temperature) not greater than | ％ | 0.3 |
| The dispersion loss is caused by the dispersion of the particles,not more than | ％ | 15 |
| Dynamic stability of not less than | Sub/mm | 4000 |
Selecting the composite high-viscosity asphalt I, forming PAC-13 mixture test pieces (50 times of double-sided compaction respectively according to a JTG E20T 0702 method), and performing Kentaburg scattering test (road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulation JTG E20T 0733).
Comparative example 2:
selecting the composite high-viscosity asphalt II, forming PAC-13 mixture test pieces (performing double-face compaction for 50 times respectively according to a JTG E20T 0702 method), and performing a Kentaburg scattering test.
Comparative example 3:
selecting the composite high-viscosity asphalt III, forming PAC-13 mixture test pieces (performing double-face compaction for 50 times respectively according to a JTG E20T 0702 method), and performing a Kentaburg scattering test.
Comparative example 4:
selecting SBS high-viscosity asphalt, forming PAC-13 mixture test pieces (according to JTG E20T 0702, performing double-face compaction for 50 times respectively), and performing Kentaburg scattering test.
The test results show that:
the test results of 0.7kg/m2 asphalt dosage and 4.75-9.5mm aggregate matching for 70# asphalt and SBS modified asphalt with lower high temperature viscosity are close to the test results of 1.3kg/m2 asphalt dosage and 9.5-13.2mm aggregate matching.
For the asphalt with larger dynamic viscosity at 60 ℃, the difference can be reflected by increasing the testing temperature and the sweeping load, and the 70 ℃ testing temperature and the heavier sweeping counterweight (matched with a steel wire brush capable of supporting the heavier counterweight) are preferably adopted.
The brushing loss rate of the high-viscosity modified asphalt has no monotonous correlation with the dynamic viscosity at 60 ℃, and for the same type of composite high-viscosity asphalt, the II-type brushing loss with the dynamic viscosity at 60 ℃ as a middle value is the minimum.
The scattering loss rate of the mixture is positively correlated with the sweeping loss rate of the method, and the correlation with the dynamic viscosity at 60 ℃ is poor.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "secured," "suspended," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; may be an electrical connection; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, systems, and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, system, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, systems, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. The asphalt and aggregate adhesion test device for simulating the working condition of the road wearing course comprises a main frame, a stirring machine head and a stirring shaft, wherein the stirring machine head is fixed at the upper end of the main frame in a lifting manner, and the upper end of the stirring shaft is arranged on the stirring machine head and is driven by the stirring machine head to rotate and revolve around a central shaft of the stirring machine head; its characterized in that still includes test platform, broom head, water bath dish and flourishing appearance dish, test platform installs on the main frame, and is located the below of stirring the aircraft nose, the water bath sets up on test platform, and the water bath dish has an upper end opening, and can flourishing water basin, flourishing appearance dish is used for preparing pitch and aggregate mixture test piece, and can arrange in the basin, the broom head hangs on the (mixing) shaft, and is located the top of flourishing appearance dish is in order to right test piece on the flourishing appearance dish is applyed the load and is brushed by the (mixing) shaft drive.
2. The asphalt and aggregate adhesion test device for simulating the working condition of the road wearing course according to claim 1, further comprising two clamps, wherein the two clamps are respectively fixed on two sides of the test platform, and a chuck for clamping the sample containing disc on the water bath disc is arranged on each clamp.
3. The asphalt and aggregate adhesion test device for simulating the working condition of a road wearing course according to claim 1, wherein the brush head comprises a balancing weight, a brush clamp and a brush, the balancing weight is detachably suspended at the lower end of the stirring shaft, the brush clamp is detachably fixed on the balancing weight, and the brush is detachably fixed on the brush clamp.
4. The asphalt and aggregate adhesion test device for simulating the working condition of the road wearing course according to claim 1, further comprising a constant temperature water tank, a water suction pump and a water return pump, wherein the water bath disc is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the water tank, the constant temperature water tank is provided with a water suction port and a water return port, the water suction port is communicated with the water inlet through the water suction pump, and the water outlet is communicated with the water return port through the water return pump; the water suction pump and the water return pump are self-balancing water pumps.
5. The asphalt and aggregate adhesion test device for simulating the working condition of the road wearing course according to claim 2, wherein the sample containing disc is of a rectangular structure, two opposite corners of the sample containing disc are fixedly provided with a partition plate, the partition plate divides a groove body in the sample containing disc into a sample containing area for fixing a test piece and clamping areas located at the opposite corners of the sample containing disc, and the clamping heads are clamped in the clamping areas.
6. The asphalt and aggregate adhesion test device for simulating the working condition of a road wearing course according to claim 5, wherein the clamp comprises a base, a handle, a driving block and a connecting arm, the base is detachably fixed on the test platform, one end of the connecting arm is hinged above one side of the base, the upper end of the chuck is fixed at the other end of the connecting arm, the lower end of the handle is hinged below the other side of the base, the upper end of the driving block is hinged with the handle, the lower end of the driving block is hinged with the connecting arm, and when the handle rotates to a vertical state, the connecting arm is driven to rotate to a horizontal state so that the chuck is clamped on the sample containing plate.
7. A method for testing the adhesion between asphalt and aggregate for simulating the working conditions of a wearing course of a road, characterized in that it uses the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:
preparing materials: taking modified asphalt and coarse aggregate for later use;
preparing a test piece: placing modified asphalt and coarse aggregate on the sample containing disc in a spreading mode of firstly asphalt and then coarse aggregate or in a spreading mode of mixing asphalt and aggregate and then spreading, rolling, leveling and molding to prepare a test piece, weighing the weight after removing loosened crushed stone, and obtaining the crushed stone amount W before the conditionbcPreserving health at normal temperature;
and (3) testing: placing a sample containing disc containing a test piece in a water bath box, setting a constant temperature according to a preset climate condition, and keeping the temperature for 45-60 minutes under the constant temperature condition;
taking out the test piece, placing the test piece in a water bath disc filled with constant-temperature water, selecting a sweeping head counterweight according to the condition of traffic load, adjusting the position of a machine head, placing the sweeping head on the test piece and fully contacting the test piece, starting a sweeping mode to enable the sweeping head to rotate and revolve in the range of the test piece for sweeping, and sweeping for a preset time;
naturally air-drying the sample containing disc containing the test piece after the brushing is finished, weighing after the stone is removed by sweeping, and obtaining the tested crushed stone amount Wat；
And (3) calculating the result: according to the amount of crushed stone W before the conditionbcAnd the amount of crushed stone W after the testatAnd calculating to obtain the loss rate before and after the test, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
where TL is the loss rate before and after the test, WatFor the amount of crushed stone after the test, WbcThe amount of crushed stone before conditioning.
8. A method for testing the adhesion between asphalt and aggregate for simulating the working conditions of a wearing course of a road, characterized in that it uses the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:
preparing materials: taking modified asphalt and collecting materials for later use;
preparing a test piece: placing modified asphalt and aggregate on the sample containing disc in a spreading mode of firstly asphalt and then coarse aggregate or a spreading mode of mixing asphalt and aggregate at the construction temperature, rolling, leveling and molding to prepare a test piece, weighing the weight after removing loosened crushed stone, and obtaining the crushed stone amount W before the conditionbcPreserving health at normal temperature;
conditions are as follows: placing the test piece under one or more conditions for a certain time, naturally air-drying the test piece under the conditions, removing loose gravels on the surface, weighing, and obtaining the amount W of the gravels under the conditionsac；
And (3) testing: placing a sample containing disc containing a test piece in a water bath box, setting a constant temperature according to a preset climate condition, and keeping the temperature for 45-60 minutes under the constant temperature condition;
taking out the test piece, placing the test piece in a water bath disc filled with constant-temperature water, selecting a sweeping head counterweight according to the condition of traffic load, adjusting the position of a machine head, placing the sweeping head on the test piece and fully contacting the test piece, starting a sweeping mode to enable the sweeping head to rotate and revolve in the range of the test piece for sweeping, and sweeping for a preset time;
naturally air-drying the sample containing disc containing the test piece after the brushing is finished, weighing after the stone is removed by sweeping, and obtaining the tested crushed stone amount Wat；
And (3) calculating the result: according to the amount of crushed stone W before the conditionbcAmount of crushed stone W after conditioningacAnd calculating the loss rate before and after the conditions, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein CL is the loss rate before and after the test, WacAmount of crushed stone conditioned, WbcThe amount of crushed stone before the condition;
according to the conditionsAmount of crushed stone WacAnd the amount of crushed stone W after the testatAnd calculating to obtain the loss rate before and after the test, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
where TL is the loss rate before and after the test, WatFor the amount of crushed stone after the test, WacThe amount of crushed stone before conditioning.
9. The asphalt and aggregate adhesion test method for simulating the working condition of a road wearing course according to claim 8, wherein the coarse aggregate is used in an amount of SRA,
SRA＝(Wf-W0)×Rf，
wherein, SRA is the dosage of coarse aggregate, W0In order to hold the weight of the sample plate, WfIn order to fill the weight of the sample holding plate and the coarse aggregate after the coarse aggregate is paved, RfIs the fill factor.
10. The asphalt and aggregate adhesion test method for simulating the working conditions of a road wearing course according to claim 8, wherein the conditions are flooding conditions or/and freezing conditions.
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