CN113567244B - Positive fault physical simulation test device and method for coal and gas outburst simulation test - Google Patents
Positive fault physical simulation test device and method for coal and gas outburst simulation test Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567244B CN113567244B CN202110835514.9A CN202110835514A CN113567244B CN 113567244 B CN113567244 B CN 113567244B CN 202110835514 A CN202110835514 A CN 202110835514A CN 113567244 B CN113567244 B CN 113567244B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a normal fault physical simulation test device and a normal fault physical simulation test method for a coal and gas outburst simulation test, wherein the normal fault physical simulation test device comprises two baffles, each baffle is formed by connecting at least two telescopic baffles up and down, the two adjacent telescopic baffles on the upper side and the lower side are connected through a foldable connecting structure, the foldable connecting structure comprises a spherical flange and a ball socket groove which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the telescopic baffles, the two telescopic baffles which are oppositely arranged are connected through at least two adjustable cross braces, the adjustable cross braces are telescopic rods, spherical ends are respectively arranged at two ends of the adjustable cross braces, ball sockets are respectively arranged on the telescopic baffles corresponding to the spherical ends, and the ball sockets of the telescopic baffles on the left side and the right side are symmetrically arranged, and the spherical ends are inserted into the ball sockets and can rotate in the ball sockets. The method realizes the possibility of completing the common production of the simulated coal bed and the normal fault, avoids the influence of disturbance generated by the first production and the second production, and has high similarity degree with the actual occurrence of the simulated coal bed containing the normal fault.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal and gas outburst simulation tests, in particular to a normal fault physical simulation test device and method for a coal and gas outburst simulation test.
Background
Coal and gas outburst is an extremely complex dynamic phenomenon in the underground mining process of the coal mine, and seriously threatens the safety production of the coal mine. Although the understanding of the outburst mechanism of coal and gas by students at home and abroad is unified to comprehensive hypothesis at present, and the outburst itself is a mechanical process for releasing energy and destroying coal bodies, quantitative research is still needed for further improving the outburst prevention level of coal and gas due to the complexity of the outburst of coal and gas. The coal and gas outburst simulation test is an effective method for researching the mechanism and process of the coal and gas outburst mechanics, and with the progress of technology, the used test device is continuously improved and is developed from an early one-dimensional (cylindrical) and small-size model to a current three-dimensional (cuboid) and large-size model.
The three-dimensional large coal and gas outburst mode test device is adopted, and the test process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly pressing a simulated coal seam in a sealed box body by matching with a pressure testing machine through similar materials, then filling and adsorbing test gas in the simulated coal seam in the sealed box body, applying three-dimensional pressure by the pressure testing machine after adsorption balance to enter a protruding preparation (inoculation) stage, starting a protruding opening to start and stop protruding, and carrying out a protruding process and data acquisition after protruding through a high-frequency data acquisition instrument, a high-speed camera and the like, so that the protruding mechanical action process is quantitatively researched.
The occurrence of gas-containing coal beds and the outburst of coal and gas are controlled by geological structures, and early test devices are limited by the small size of a sealed box body, so that the addition of a geological structure model into a simulation test cannot be realized. At present, the size of a sealing box of the existing test device is large, for example, the internal size of the sealing box is 1.5m multiplied by 0.8m (length multiplied by width multiplied by height) of a test device developed by Chongqing institute of middle coal industry group, namely Chongqing, inc.; the test device developed by the Huainan mining group has the advantages that the size of the sealed box body is 3.3m multiplied by 3.25m multiplied by 4.1m (length multiplied by width multiplied by height), the space of the sealed box body with large size is provided with the characteristic of simulating a coal seam pressing die, and the condition that a geological structure model is added into a simulation test is provided. When the physical simulation test is carried out, the fault model is added under the conditions of vertical and horizontal loading and high-pressure gas filling sealing, so that the similarity of the test is improved, and the improvement of a coal and gas outburst mechanism and a prevention and control technology is facilitated. However, the conventional normal fault simulation test device is mostly composed of a base, an upright post, a box body and the like, the size of the sealed box body of the normal fault simulation test device is larger than that of the sealed box body of the coal and gas outburst test device, the sealed box body cannot be applied to the sealed box body, and the manufacturing method and the manufacturing process cannot meet the requirements of the sealed box body on the layered pressing manufacturing and the outburst similarity of a simulated coal bed, so that the normal fault simulation test device for the coal and gas outburst simulation test and the implementation method thereof are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a positive fault physical simulation test device for a coal and gas outburst simulation test, which is used for manufacturing a simulated coal bed containing a positive fault in a box body die in a pressurizing and layering manner, realizing the characteristics of the positive fault including breaking distance, structural stress, production and the like and being used for the coal and gas outburst simulation test influenced by the positive fault. The invention also discloses a physical simulation test method for the coal and gas outburst positive fault.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a normal fault physical simulation test device for coal and gas outburst analogue test, its characterized in that: including two baffles that bilateral symmetry arranged in opposite directions, every baffle is formed by connecting from top to bottom of two piece at least scalable baffles, scalable baffle includes first half baffle and second half baffle, first half baffle is pegged graft in the vertical grafting inslot that corresponds on second half baffle, links to each other through collapsible connection structure between the adjacent two scalable baffles of upper and lower side, collapsible connection structure is including setting up spherical flange and the ball socket recess in the lower extreme and the upper end of scalable baffle respectively, but the scalable baffle between the upper and lower side realizes quick collapsible connection through spherical flange and spherical recess, and spherical flange can rotate in the ball socket recess, connects through two at least adjustable crossbeams between two scalable baffles of relative setting, adjustable crossbeams are the telescopic link, the both ends of adjustable crossbeams are provided with spherical end respectively, correspond spherical end and set up respectively on the scalable baffle, spherical end is inserted in the ball socket to can rotate in the ball socket.
The baffle plates which are arranged symmetrically left and right form a stable space through the adjustable cross braces and ball socket connection between the baffle plates. When the device is used for pressurizing and manufacturing the simulated coal bed, simulated coal bed materials are filled between the two sides and the box body, and positive fault spacing and drop are formed in the space between the baffles.
The telescopic baffle has the characteristic of adjustable height, and can realize the cooperative deformation along with the layered pressing of the loose simulation materials, so that the loose simulation materials are not crushed. The length of the telescopic baffle can be processed according to the requirements of the simulated coal seam size or the simulated normal fault size.
The upper and lower telescopic baffle plates are positioned in different planes through the foldable connection structure, so that the fault section unevenness can be simulated; and the quick connection mode is convenient for being split into pressing and continuously spliced along with the simulated coal bed in the box body, and is convenient to detach after the simulated coal bed is pressed.
The adjustable cross braces realize the adjustment of the space between the symmetrical baffle plates. The adjustable cross brace and the telescopic baffle are connected in a ball socket mode, so that different angles of the adjustable cross brace and the telescopic baffle can be formed, and the requirements of simulating normal faults of different shapes are met.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the adjustable transverse support comprises a horizontal outer sleeve and a horizontal inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is sleeved in the outer sleeve, a row of bolt holes are correspondingly formed in the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the inner sleeve can move in the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are locked and positioned through bolts inserted into the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. The telescopic structure is telescopic by pulling the inner sleeve and locked by the bolt.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the ball socket is arranged on the baffle plate of the lower half part of the telescopic baffle plate.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: two telescopic transverse struts are uniformly arranged between two telescopic baffles symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side, and the two telescopic transverse struts are high.
The second object of the present invention is achieved by: a physical simulation test method for a positive fault of coal and gas outburst is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Symmetrically placing two telescopic baffles in a box body of a coal and gas outburst simulation device according to parameters such as the occurrence, the end distance and the fall of a simulated normal fault, fixing by two adjustable transverse struts, and adjusting and determining the inclination angle and the relative position of the two telescopic baffles; (2) Filling loose simulated coal bed materials in the space between the two sides of the telescopic baffle and the box body, applying vertical load compaction by using a press machine, and layering to form a simulated coal bed; (3) Then, the two telescopic baffle plates are quickly connected with the previous two telescopic baffle plates through a foldable connecting structure, the folding angle is adjusted, the two adjustable cross braces are used for fixing, and the step (2) is repeated; (4) Repeating the step (3) and the step (2) until the design thickness of the simulated coal seam is reached; (5) Maintaining, removing the test device, and completing the normal fault manufacture for the coal and gas outburst simulation test.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention has reasonable design, simple structure and easy implementation, solves the difficult problem of layering and pressurizing the simulated coal bed in a narrow space, realizes the possibility of jointly manufacturing the simulated coal bed and the normal fault, avoids the influence of disturbance caused by the first manufacturing and the second manufacturing, and has high similarity with the actual occurrence of the simulated coal bed with the normal fault.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of the retractable barrier.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an adjustable cross brace.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a collapsible connection between telescoping baffles.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a ball and socket connection of an adjustable cross brace and a retractable baffle.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulated coal seam with normal faults.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:
as shown in figures 1-6, a normal fault physical simulation test device for a coal and gas outburst simulation test is formed by splicing a telescopic baffle plate 1 and an adjustable transverse support 2.
At least two retractable baffles 1 are connected up and down to form a baffle, the two baffles are symmetrically arranged in opposite directions, and a positive fault interval and a fall are formed in a space between the two baffles.
The retractable baffle 1 comprises an upper half baffle 101 and a lower half baffle 102, the upper half baffle 101 is inserted into a corresponding vertical insertion groove on the lower half baffle 102, two adjacent retractable baffles 1 on the upper side and the lower side are connected through a foldable connection structure, the foldable connection structure comprises a spherical flange 3 and a ball socket groove 4 which are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the retractable baffle 1, the ball socket groove 4 is a through groove, the retractable baffle 1 between the upper side and the lower side is connected in a rapid foldable manner through the spherical flange 3 and the spherical groove 4, and the spherical flange 3 can rotate in the ball socket groove 4. The telescopic baffle plates for adjusting the upper and lower parts are not on the same surface by rotating the spherical flange 3 in the ball socket groove 4, so as to simulate the fault section unevenness; and the quick connection mode is convenient for being split into pressing and continuously spliced along with the simulated coal bed in the box body, and is convenient to detach after the simulated coal bed is pressed.
The two telescopic baffle plates 1 which are oppositely arranged are connected through at least two adjustable cross braces 2, preferably, the two telescopic cross braces 2 are uniformly arranged between the two telescopic baffle plates 1 which are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side, and the two adjustable cross braces 2 are high.
The adjustable transverse support 2 is a telescopic rod and comprises a horizontal outer sleeve 201 and a horizontal inner sleeve 202, the inner sleeve 202 is sleeved in the outer sleeve 201, a row of bolt holes 203 are correspondingly formed in each of the inner sleeve 202 and the outer sleeve 201, the inner sleeve 202 can move in the outer sleeve 201, and the inner sleeve 202 and the outer sleeve 203 are locked and positioned through bolts inserted into the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. The length of the adjustable transverse support 2 is variable, so that the distance between the symmetrical baffle plates can be adjusted.
The two ends of the adjustable transverse support 2 are respectively provided with a spherical end 204, the telescopic baffle 1 is respectively provided with a ball socket 103 corresponding to the spherical end 204, the ball sockets 103 of the telescopic baffle 1 on the left side and the right side are symmetrically arranged, and the spherical end 204 is inserted into the ball socket 103 and can rotate in the ball socket 103. Preferably, the ball and socket 103 is provided on the lower half of the shutter 102 of the retractable shutter 1. The ball-and-socket connection mode can realize that the adjustable transverse support 2 and the telescopic baffle plate 1 form different angles, thereby meeting the requirements of simulating positive faults of different shapes.
When in use, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Symmetrically placing two telescopic baffles in a box body 5 of the coal and gas outburst simulation device according to parameters such as the occurrence, the end distance and the fall of a simulated normal fault, fixing and adjusting and determining the inclination angle and the relative position of the two telescopic baffles by using two adjustable cross braces 2 so as to adjust the distance between the two baffles; (2) Filling loose simulated coal bed materials in the space between the two sides of the telescopic baffle plate 1 and the box body 5, applying vertical load compaction by using a press machine, and layering to form a simulated coal bed 6; (3) Then, the two telescopic baffle plates are quickly connected with the previous two telescopic baffle plates through a foldable connecting structure, the folding angle is adjusted, the two adjustable cross braces are used for fixing, and the step (2) is repeated; (4) Repeating the step (3) and the step (2) until the design thickness of the simulated coal seam is reached; (5) And curing, dismantling the test device, and completing the manufacture of the normal fault 7 for the coal and gas outburst simulation test.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a coal and gas outstanding normal fault physical simulation test method, includes the normal fault physical simulation test device that is used for coal and gas outstanding simulation test, its characterized in that: the normal fault physical simulation test device for the coal and gas outburst simulation test comprises two baffles which are symmetrically arranged in the left-right direction, each baffle is formed by connecting at least two telescopic baffles up and down, each telescopic baffle comprises an upper half baffle and a lower half baffle, the upper half baffle is inserted into a corresponding vertical inserting groove on the lower half baffle, the two adjacent telescopic baffles on the upper side and the lower side are connected through a foldable connecting structure, the foldable connecting structure comprises a spherical flange and a ball socket groove which are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the telescopic baffle, the telescopic baffles on the upper side and the lower side are rapidly and flexibly connected through the spherical flange and the spherical groove, the spherical flange can rotate in the ball socket groove, the two telescopic baffles which are oppositely arranged are connected through at least two adjustable cross braces, the two ends of each adjustable cross brace are respectively provided with a spherical socket, the corresponding spherical ends on the telescopic baffles are respectively provided with ball sockets, and the spherical ends of the telescopic baffles on the left side and the right side are symmetrically arranged, and can rotate in the ball socket groove; the adjustable transverse support comprises a horizontal outer sleeve and a horizontal inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is sleeved in the outer sleeve, a row of bolt holes are correspondingly formed in the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the inner sleeve can move in the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are locked and positioned through bolts inserted into the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve;
the method comprises the following steps: (1) Symmetrically placing two telescopic baffles in a box body of a coal and gas outburst simulation device according to the yield, end distance and fall parameters of a simulated normal fault, fixing by two adjustable transverse struts, and adjusting and determining the inclination angle and the relative position of the two telescopic baffles; (2) Filling loose simulated coal bed materials in the space between the two sides of the telescopic baffle and the box body, applying vertical load compaction by using a press machine, and layering to form a simulated coal bed; (3) Then, the two telescopic baffles are quickly connected with the previous two telescopic baffles through a foldable connecting structure, the folding angle is adjusted, the two telescopic baffles are fixed by two adjustable transverse struts, and the step (2) is repeated; (4) Repeating the step (3) and the step (2) until the design thickness of the simulated coal seam is reached; (5) Maintaining, removing the test device, and completing the normal fault manufacture for the coal and gas outburst simulation test.
2. The method for physical simulation test of coal and gas outburst positive fault according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: the ball socket is arranged on the baffle plate of the lower half part of the telescopic baffle plate.
3. The method for physical simulation test of coal and gas outburst positive fault according to claim 2, comprising the following steps: two telescopic transverse struts are uniformly arranged between two telescopic baffles symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side, and the two telescopic transverse struts are high.
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