CN113567190A - Unmanned ship-based water body sampling device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Unmanned ship-based water body sampling device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567190A CN113567190A CN202110914257.8A CN202110914257A CN113567190A CN 113567190 A CN113567190 A CN 113567190A CN 202110914257 A CN202110914257 A CN 202110914257A CN 113567190 A CN113567190 A CN 113567190A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water body sampling device based on an unmanned ship and a using method thereof, wherein the water body sampling device comprises the unmanned ship, an electric cylinder is arranged on the unmanned ship, the bottom end of a piston rod of the electric cylinder is connected with a sampler, the sampler comprises a supporting plate, and the bottom of the supporting plate is connected with a U-shaped frame which is obliquely arranged; the protection cylinder is hinged with the U-shaped frame through a pin shaft; a sampling tube is sleeved in the protection cylinder, one side of the U-shaped frame is connected with a cushion block, and when the protection cylinder is attached to the surface of the cushion block, the protection cylinder is inclined; the U-shaped frame is connected with the magnet piece, and when the protection cylinder is adsorbed on the surface of the magnet piece, the protection cylinder is vertical; the top of the baffle is connected with the supporting plate; the surface of one side of the baffle is connected with a plugging plate in a sliding way, and when the protection cylinder is vertical, the plugging plate is pressed at the central hole to plug the central hole. Whole sampling process easy operation, high-efficient intelligence, but sampling pipe autogiration is sealed, need not artificial control, and structural design is ingenious, reasonable, and it is very convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a water body sampling device based on an unmanned ship and a using method thereof.
Background
Water sample collection is an important link in the work of water quality monitoring and hydrological measurement of environmental protection. It is not simple to carry out water sample collection because the water sample that provides the analysis is representative, just can accurately reflect the concentration and the index of quality of water parameter. There are many factors that affect the collection of water samples, such as sampling points, sampling instruments, sampling volumes, sampling methods, and even the storage of water samples, and the change of any one factor may cause the change of the analysis result. Therefore, how to accurately reflect the water quality condition of the collected water sample is the problem that must be solved firstly in the monitoring and analyzing work. At present, the sampling mode comprises automatic sampling and manual sampling, the two sampling modes have respective advantages and disadvantages, the traditional manual sampling is generally carried out by using a sampling barrel or a sampling bottle, and the sampling method has the advantages of low cost and simplicity, but the method has the defects of time and labor waste and potential safety hazard; automatic sampling device on the market has appeared and has accomplished the device of sampling work based on unmanned aerial vehicle, has degree of automation height, labour saving and time saving's advantage, but it has following drawback: firstly, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for sampling, the cost investment is high, the cost is high, the daily maintenance is inconvenient, and a water sample detection mechanism with a common scale is difficult to bear the high cost; secondly, the water body sampling unmanned aerial vehicle samples the water body through a suspension type sampling bottle, the opening of the sampling bottle is upward, and as the sampling bottle lacks an automatic plugging structure, some garbage in the water body can enter the sampling bottle; in addition, when the sampling bottle moves along with the unmanned aerial vehicle, water in the bottle is very easy to scatter, so that the volume of samples taken each time is different, the purpose of quantitative sampling cannot be realized, and the collected samples are not representative; in addition, current unmanned aerial vehicle still has the inconvenient problem of loading and unloading of sampling bottle, influences work efficiency. Therefore, how to design a sampling device that is economical, practical, can achieve automatic plugging to prevent dropping, and can quantitatively sample needs to be considered by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, a water body sampling device based on an unmanned ship and a using method thereof are provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a water body sampling device based on an unmanned ship, which comprises the unmanned ship, wherein the unmanned ship is connected with a power mechanism for driving the unmanned ship to move; the unmanned ship is provided with a stand column, the top of the stand column is connected with a transverse plate, the transverse plate is provided with an electric cylinder, and the bottom end of a piston rod of the electric cylinder is connected with a sampler;
the sampler comprises a supporting plate, and the bottom of the supporting plate is connected with an obliquely arranged U-shaped frame; the protective cylinder is made of magnetic materials; the protection cylinder is arranged in a cavity inside the U-shaped frame and is hinged with the U-shaped frame through a pin shaft, and the pin shaft is arranged above a symmetrical shaft of the sampling tube along the length direction; a sampling pipe is sleeved in the protection cylinder, and one end of the protection cylinder is connected with an end cover in a threaded manner; one end of the sampling pipe is pressed on the surface of the end cover, and the other end of the sampling pipe extends out of the protective cylinder and is arranged in an exposed shape; the top of the sampling pipe is detachably provided with a sealing plug, and the top of the sealing plug is arranged in a hemispherical shape; a through center hole is formed in the center of the sealing plug;
one side of the U-shaped frame is connected with a first positioning plate, and the bottom of the first positioning plate is connected with a cushion block; the U-shaped frame is further connected with a second positioning plate, magnet pieces are mounted on the second positioning plate, and when the protection cylinder is adsorbed on the surface of each magnet piece, the protection cylinder is vertical;
the baffle plate is arranged on the other side of the U-shaped frame in an inclined mode and connected with the supporting plate; a sliding groove is formed in the surface of one side of the baffle, a sliding block is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, the sliding block is connected with a plugging plate, a spring is connected in the sliding groove, and the other end of the spring is connected with the sliding block; the baffle is also provided with a water through hole which is arranged below the sliding block;
when the outer wall of the protection cylinder props against the surface of the cushion block, the protection cylinder is inclined, the central hole of the sealing plug is attached to the surface of the baffle plate, and the central hole is communicated with the water through hole; at the moment, the plugging plate is pressed on the surface of the sealing plug under the action of the elastic force of the spring, so that the protection cylinder keeps an inclined state;
when the protection cylinder rotates, the sealing plug props the sealing plate in the rotating process, and the sealing plate moves relative to the baffle; when the protection cylinder rotates to a vertical state, the protection cylinder is adsorbed by the magnet sheet, and the plugging plate is pressed at the central hole and plugs the central hole;
the unmanned ship is characterized by further comprising a controller installed on the unmanned ship, the controller is connected with the power mechanism and the electric cylinder in a control mode, and the controller is further connected with a remote control terminal through the wireless communication module.
Furthermore, the sealing plug is also provided with an exhaust hole.
Furthermore, a filter screen is arranged in the water passing hole.
Furthermore, a plurality of water leakage holes are formed in the wall of the protection barrel.
Still further, a ring-shaped gasket is arranged on the top inside of the protective cylinder, and the sampling pipe freely passes through the inside of the gasket.
Furthermore, a power supply is arranged on the unmanned ship, and the power supply is electrically connected with the electric cylinder, the controller and the wireless communication module and used for supplying power.
Furthermore, a notch is formed in the front end of the unmanned ship, and the sampler enters or goes in and out of the water body through the notch.
Furthermore, the top of the baffle is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the supporting plate.
The using method of the unmanned ship-based water body sampling device comprises the following steps:
s1, in the initial state, the central hole of the sealing plug is attached to the surface of the baffle and is communicated with the water through hole; at the moment, the plugging plate is pressed on the surface of the sealing plug under the action of the elastic force of the spring, so that the protection cylinder keeps an inclined state; the moving distance of the piston rod of the electric cylinder is preset in the controller and is set as L; during sampling, the unmanned ship is placed in a water area and controlled to move forward to a corresponding sampling point, and then the piston rod of the electric cylinder is controlled to drive the sampler to move downwards for an L distance, so that the sampling pipe enters a water body to be sampled;
s2, continuously flowing water in the water body into the sampling pipe through the water holes and the central hole; along with the increasing of water bodies in sampling, the gravity is increased continuously, and as the pin shaft is arranged above the symmetrical shaft of the sampling tube along the length direction, the protection cylinder can overcome the pressing force of the plugging plate, drive the sampling tube to rotate around the pin shaft, and rotate to a vertical state, the protection cylinder is adsorbed on the surface of the magnet piece to complete positioning; when the protective barrel rotates to a vertical state, the blocking plate is pressed at the central hole and blocks the central hole, so that the collected water sample is blocked, and splashing is prevented;
s3, controlling the electric cylinder to move upwards, driving the sampler to move out of the water by the electric cylinder, and moving the electric cylinder upwards to the initial position; and then controlling the unmanned ship to return, unscrewing the end cover after returning, drawing out the sampling pipe from the bottom, replacing a new sampling pipe, screwing the end cover, rotating the protection cylinder to enable the protection cylinder to be adsorbed on the surface of the cushion block, enabling the protection cylinder to be inclined, and repeating the steps to finish multiple sampling operations.
Further, L in step S1 should satisfy the following condition: setting the highest point of the water through hole as a point E and the lowest point as a point D, and enabling the water surface of the water body to be located between the point D and the point E after the sampler moves downwards for a distance L; in step S2, water in the water body continuously flows into the sampling tube through the water holes and the central hole, and air in the sampling tube is discharged through the central hole and/or the exhaust hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the unmanned aerial vehicle water quality sampling device is simple in structure, relatively low in manufacturing cost compared with an unmanned aerial vehicle, basically the same as a manual sampling mode, and capable of meeting the existing standard water quality sampling process, the whole sampling process is simple to operate, efficient and intelligent, convenient to remotely control and convenient to maintain, and can meet the use requirements of the public.
2. The sampler has ingenious structural design, and the protective cylinder is hinged with the U-shaped frame through a pin shaft and is eccentrically hinged, so that the protective cylinder can rotate; the positioning of the sampling tube can be realized by matching the arranged cushion block and the magnet sheet; in addition, the baffle and the plugging plate are arranged, the sliding groove and the sliding block are formed in the baffle, the plugging plate can move relative to the baffle through the sliding block, the sliding block is further connected with a spring, when a water sample flows into the sampling pipe, the gravity of the sampling pipe and the protection cylinder is continuously increased, when the critical state is reached, the protection cylinder can drive the sampling pipe to rotate, manual control is not needed in the process, and the self-rotation of the sampling pipe can be realized by means of the gravity of the increased water sample; when the sampling pipe rotates to a vertical state, the blocking plate can be pressed at the central hole of the sealing plug to block the central hole, so that the collected water sample can be effectively prevented from splashing out of the collecting pipe; in addition, because reacing critical state, the sampling pipe will rotate, so the water sample volume that enters into in the collection pipe is the same, has realized the ration sample to after the ration sample is accomplished, the shutoff of cooperation shutoff board, the water sample volume that can the maximize assurance finally gathered is the same, makes the sample representative, and whole process need not manual control, and pure mechanical mechanism need not complicated electrical structure, and is with low costs, economical and practical.
3. The baffle that sets up can play the effect of location, shutoff, and when initial condition, the centre bore laminating of sealing plug is on the baffle surface, owing to be provided with the filter screen in crossing the water hole again for the water sample gets into through water hole and centre bore, because the less filter screen of deuterogamying of centre bore aperture ratio can prevent that some bold rubbish from getting into the sampling pipe, plays the effect of certain separation bold rubbish.
4. The wall of the protection barrel is provided with water leakage holes to play a role in reducing weight; the bottom threaded connection of a protection cylinder has the end cover, and the sampling pipe adopts the mode of bottom business turn over, conveniently changes the sampling pipe, has improved work efficiency.
5. The top of the sealing plug is arranged in a unique hemispherical shape, and the spherical surface of the sealing plug is favorable for reducing resistance when the sampling tube rotates, so that the sampling tube can rotate conveniently; in addition, still can set up the exhaust hole alone on the sealing plug, when rivers flowed into the sampling pipe from the water hole, the exhaust hole can be used to the gas of evacuation in the sampling pipe, makes things convenient for the water inflow.
6. The arranged plugging plate, the spring and the baffle plate can play two roles, in an initial state, the sampling pipe and the protection cylinder are obliquely arranged, the cushion block plays a role in blocking and limiting, and the plugging plate and the spring can provide a pressing force, so that the outer wall of the protection cylinder is tightly attached to the cushion block to keep the oblique state of water entering; after water sample collection accomplished, the sampling pipe can rotate, and the shutoff board plays the shutoff centre bore and prevents to spill the effect of spattering this moment, and this part mechanism simple structure mutually supports the use, can play different effect and purpose, very ingenious and practicality in the stage of difference.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the unmanned ship along the direction C-C.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sampler structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the baffle plate and the sliding block matched along the direction B.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the U-shaped frame along the direction a.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the protective cartridge, sampling tube and sealing plug in combination.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a part of the sealing plug.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a water passing hole and a partial structure of a center hole.
Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a sampler sampling tube in a vertical state.
Description of reference numerals:
1 unmanned ship; 101 notches; 2, a power supply; 3, a controller; 4, vertical columns; 5, a transverse plate; 6, an electric cylinder; 7, supporting plates; 8 connecting rods; 9 a baffle plate; 91 a chute; 92 water through holes; 10, filtering by using a filter screen; 11 a slide block; 12 a plugging plate; a 13U-shaped frame; 14 a first positioning plate; 15 cushion blocks; 16 a protective cylinder; a 161 washer; 17 end caps; 18 a sampling tube; 19 pin shafts; 20 a second positioning plate; 21 a magnet piece; 22 a sealing plug; 221 a central bore; 222 exhaust holes; 23 spring.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present embodiment provides a water sampling device based on an unmanned ship 1, including the unmanned ship 1, the unmanned ship 1 is connected with a power mechanism for driving the unmanned ship 1 to move, the power mechanism is a motor and a propeller, and the power mechanism is a conventional structure in the prior art and is not described too much; install stand 4 on unmanned ship 1, stand 4 top is connected with diaphragm 5, installs electric jar 6 on diaphragm 5, and the piston rod bottom of electric jar 6 is connected with the sampler, and electric jar 6 is used for driving the sampler and goes up and down.
The sampler comprises a supporting plate 7, the top of the supporting plate 7 is connected with a piston rod of an electric cylinder 6, and the bottom of the supporting plate 7 is connected with a U-shaped frame 13 which is obliquely arranged; also comprises a protective cylinder 16 made of magnetic material; the protection cylinder 16 is arranged in a cavity inside the U-shaped frame 13, the protection cylinder 16 is hinged with the U-shaped frame 13 through a pin shaft 19, the protection cylinder 16 can rotate through the pin shaft 19, and the pin shaft 19 is arranged above a symmetrical shaft of the sampling tube 18 along the length direction, namely, the pin shaft 19 is arranged eccentrically, so that the tube orifice of the sampling tube 18 is upward after the sampling tube 18 rotates; the sampling tube 18 is sleeved in the protection tube 16, the sampling tube 18 is detachably inserted in the protection tube 16, the replacement is convenient, and the protection tube 16 can play a certain protection role; one end of the protective cylinder 16 is connected with an end cover 17 through threads; one end of the sampling pipe 18 is pressed on the surface of the end cover 17, and the other end extends out of the protection cylinder 16 and is arranged in an exposed shape; when the sampling tube 18 needs to be replaced, the end cap 17 can be unscrewed and the sampling tube 18 inserted from the bottom.
A sealing plug 22 is detachably mounted at the top of the sampling pipe 18, the sealing plug 22 is inserted into the sampling pipe 18, and the top of the sealing plug 22 is arranged in a hemispherical shape; the center of the sealing plug 22 is provided with a through center hole 221.
One side of the U-shaped frame 13 is connected with a first positioning plate 14, the bottom of the first positioning plate 14 is connected with a cushion block 15, and the cushion block 15 can be arranged in an arc shape so as to be convenient for being attached to the surface of the protection cylinder 16; the U-shaped frame 13 is further connected with a second positioning plate 20, the second positioning plate 20 is provided with a magnet piece 21, the magnet piece 21 can also be arranged in an arc shape and is attached to the surface of the protection cylinder 16, and when the protection cylinder 16 is adsorbed on the surface of the magnet piece 21, the protection cylinder 16 is vertical.
Still including setting up the baffle 9 that is the slope setting at U type frame 13 opposite side, baffle 9 links to each other with backup pad 7, and is specific, the top fixedly connected with connecting rod 8 of baffle 9, and connecting rod 8 is fixed continuous with backup pad 7. The baffle 9 and the first positioning plate 14 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the U-shaped frame 13. A sliding groove 91 is formed in the surface of one side of the baffle 9, the sliding groove 91 can be a dovetail groove, a sliding block 11 is connected to the sliding groove 91 in a sliding mode, the sliding block 11 is connected with a plugging plate 12, the plugging plate 12 is horizontally arranged, a spring 23 is connected to the sliding groove 91, and the other end of the spring 23 is connected with the sliding block 11.
The baffle 9 is also provided with a water through hole 92, and the water through hole 92 is arranged below the sliding block 11; the water through holes 92 are fitted to the center hole 221.
When the outer wall of the protective cylinder 16 props against the surface of the cushion block 15, the protective cylinder 16 is inclined, the central hole 221 of the sealing plug 22 is attached to the surface of the baffle plate 9, and the central hole 221 is communicated with the water through hole 92; at this time, the plugging plate 12 is pressed on the surface of the sealing plug 22 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 23, so that the protection cylinder 16 is kept in an inclined state;
when the protective cylinder 16 rotates, the sealing plug 22 props up the blocking plate 12 in the rotating process, and the blocking plate 12 moves relative to the baffle 9; when the protection cylinder 16 rotates to the vertical state, the protection cylinder 16 is adsorbed by the magnet piece 21, and the plugging plate 12 is pressed at the central hole 221 to plug the central hole 221.
The whole device further comprises a controller installed on the unmanned ship 1, the controller is in control connection with the power mechanism and the electric cylinder 6, and the controller is further connected with a remote control terminal through a wireless communication module.
The wireless communication module is in wireless network communication modes such as WiFi, Bluetooth and 4g, and the remote control terminal can be mobile terminal equipment such as a mobile phone, an ipad and a remote controller.
The wall of the protection barrel 16 is provided with a plurality of water leakage holes, so that the weight can be reduced, the bottom of the protection barrel 16 is in threaded connection with the end cover 17, the sampling tube 18 adopts a mode that the bottom enters and exits, the sampling tube 18 is convenient to replace, and the working efficiency is improved.
In order to prevent the sampling tube 18 from shaking in the protection cylinder 16, a ring-shaped gasket is arranged on the top inside of the protection cylinder 16, the sampling tube 18 freely passes through the inside of the gasket, and the gasket is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube 18 to play a certain supporting and protecting role.
The unmanned ship 1 is provided with a power supply, and the power supply is electrically connected with the electric cylinder 6, the controller and the wireless communication module and used for supplying power.
The front end of the unmanned ship 1 is provided with a notch 101, and the sampler enters or goes in and out of the water body through the notch 101.
The use method of the water body sampling device based on the unmanned ship 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, in the initial state, the central hole 221 of the sealing plug 22 is attached to the surface of the baffle plate 9, and the central hole 221 is communicated with the water through hole 92; at this time, the plugging plate 12 is pressed on the surface of the sealing plug 22 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 23, so that the protection cylinder 16 is kept in an inclined state; the moving distance of a piston rod of the electric cylinder 6 is preset in the controller and is set as L; during sampling, the unmanned ship 1 is placed in a water area and controlled to move forward to a corresponding sampling point, and then a piston rod of the electric cylinder 6 is controlled to drive the sampler to move downwards for an L distance, so that the sampling pipe 18 enters the water body to be sampled; the descending distance L can be set according to the actual situation, as long as the water body can flow into the sampling pipe 18 from the water through hole 92 and the central hole 221.
S2, continuously flowing water in the water body into the sampling pipe 18 through the water hole 92 and the central hole 221; along with the increasing of water bodies in sampling, the gravity is increased continuously, and as the pin shaft 19 is arranged above the symmetrical axis of the sampling tube 18 along the length direction, the protection tube 16 can overcome the pressing force of the plugging plate 12, drive the sampling tube 18 to rotate around the pin shaft 19, and rotate to a vertical state, the protection tube 16 is adsorbed on the surface of the magnet piece 21, and the positioning is completed; when the protective cylinder 16 rotates to a vertical state, the blocking plate 12 is pressed at the central hole 221 and blocks the central hole 221, so that the collected water sample is blocked, and splashing is prevented;
s3, controlling the electric cylinder 6 to move upwards, driving the sampler to move out of the water by the electric cylinder 6, and moving the electric cylinder 6 upwards to the initial position; and then controlling the unmanned ship 1 to return, unscrewing the end cover 17 after returning, drawing out the sampling pipe 18 from the bottom, replacing a new sampling pipe 18, screwing the end cover 17, rotating the protection cylinder 16 to enable the protection cylinder 16 to be adsorbed on the surface of the cushion block 15, enabling the protection cylinder 16 to be inclined, and repeating the steps to finish the sampling operation for multiple times.
The sampler has ingenious structural design, the protective cylinder 16 is arranged, the protective cylinder 16 is hinged with the U-shaped frame 13 through a pin shaft 19 and is eccentrically hinged, and the protective cylinder 16 can rotate; the positioning of the sampling tube 18 can be realized by matching the arranged cushion block 15 and the magnet piece 21; in addition, by arranging the baffle 9 and the blocking plate 12, arranging the sliding groove 91 and the sliding block 11 on the baffle 9, enabling the blocking plate 12 to move relative to the baffle 9 through the sliding block 11, and connecting the sliding block 11 with the spring 23, when a water sample flows into the sampling tube 18, the gravity of the sampling tube 18 and the protection cylinder 16 is continuously increased, when the water sample reaches a critical state, the protection cylinder 16 can drive the sampling tube 18 to rotate, the process does not need manual control, and the self-rotation of the sampling tube 18 can be realized by the gravity of the increased water sample; when the sampling pipe 18 rotates to a vertical state, the plugging plate 12 can be pressed at the central hole 221 of the sealing plug 22 to plug the central hole 221, so that the collected water sample can be effectively prevented from splashing out of the sampling pipe; in addition, because the critical state is reached, sampling pipe 18 will rotate, so the water sample volume that enters into in the collection pipe is the same, has realized the ration sample to after the ration sample is accomplished, the shutoff of cooperation shutoff board 12, the water sample volume that can maximize assurance finally gathered is the same, makes the sample representative, and whole process need not manual control, and pure mechanical mechanism need not complicated electrical structure, and is with low costs, economical and practical.
Example two
With continued reference to fig. 1-9, on the basis of the first embodiment, the sealing plug 22 is further provided with an exhaust hole 222, the exhaust hole 222 is used for exhausting the gas in the sampling tube 18, the exhaust hole 222 includes a vertical channel and an oblique channel, wherein when the sampling tube 18 is vertical, the oblique channel is disposed obliquely upward, the exhaust hole 222 adopts a very fine aperture, which can prevent the water sample from spilling out, in addition, even if a little water sample enters the exhaust hole 222 due to the oblique channel being obliquely upward, the water sample will flow back to the sampling tube 18 along the oblique channel, so as to prevent the sampled water sample from spilling out as much as possible, ensure the volume of the collected water sample is consistent, and realize quantitative sampling.
L in step S1 satisfies the following condition: setting the highest point of the water through hole 92 as a point E and the lowest point as a point D, and after the sampler moves downwards by a distance L, enabling the water surface of the water body to be located between the point D and the point E; in step S2, water in the water body continuously flows into the sampling tube 18 through the water hole 92 and the central hole 221, and air in the sampling tube 18 is discharged through the central hole 221 and/or the exhaust hole 222. The advantage of this arrangement is that it facilitates the removal of gas and the inflow of water sample.
The water through hole 92 can be provided with a filter screen 10 for filtering.
It can be seen that the top of the sealing plug 22 is provided with a unique hemisphere, and the spherical surface of the sealing plug is beneficial to reducing resistance of the sampling tube 18 during rotation, so that the sampling tube 18 can rotate conveniently; in addition, the sealing plug 22 can be provided with a vent hole 222, and when water flows into the sampling pipe 18 from the water through hole 92, the vent hole 222 can be used for exhausting gas in the sampling pipe 18, so that water can flow into the sampling pipe conveniently.
It can be seen from the two embodiments that the arranged blocking plate 12, the spring 23 and the baffle 9 can play two roles, in an initial state, the sampling tube 18 and the protection cylinder 16 are obliquely arranged, the cushion block 15 plays a role in blocking and limiting, and the blocking plate 12 and the spring 23 can provide a pressing force, so that the outer wall of the protection cylinder 16 is tightly attached to the cushion block 15, and the oblique state is kept for entering water; after the water sample is collected, the sampling pipe 18 can rotate, the blocking plate 12 plays a role in blocking the central hole 221 to prevent splashing, the mechanism of the part is simple in structure and is matched with the central hole for use, different functions and purposes can be achieved in different stages, and the sampling pipe is very ingenious and practical.
Therefore, the unmanned aerial vehicle sampling device is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost compared with an unmanned aerial vehicle, basically the same as a manual sampling mode, and capable of meeting the existing standard water quality sampling process, the whole sampling process is simple to operate, efficient and intelligent, convenient to remotely control and convenient to maintain, and can meet the use requirements of the public.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A water body sampling device based on an unmanned ship comprises the unmanned ship, wherein the unmanned ship is connected with a power mechanism for driving the unmanned ship to move; the unmanned ship is characterized in that an upright post is installed on the unmanned ship, the top of the upright post is connected with a transverse plate, an electric cylinder is installed on the transverse plate, and the bottom end of a piston rod of the electric cylinder is connected with a sampler;
the sampler comprises a supporting plate, and the bottom of the supporting plate is connected with an obliquely arranged U-shaped frame; the protective cylinder is made of magnetic materials; the protection cylinder is arranged in a cavity inside the U-shaped frame and is hinged with the U-shaped frame through a pin shaft, and the pin shaft is arranged above a symmetrical shaft of the sampling tube along the length direction; a sampling pipe is sleeved in the protection cylinder, and one end of the protection cylinder is connected with an end cover in a threaded manner; one end of the sampling pipe is pressed on the surface of the end cover, and the other end of the sampling pipe extends out of the protective cylinder and is arranged in an exposed shape; the top of the sampling pipe is detachably provided with a sealing plug, and the top of the sealing plug is arranged in a hemispherical shape; a through center hole is formed in the center of the sealing plug;
one side of the U-shaped frame is connected with a first positioning plate, and the bottom of the first positioning plate is connected with a cushion block; the U-shaped frame is further connected with a second positioning plate, magnet pieces are mounted on the second positioning plate, and when the protection cylinder is adsorbed on the surface of each magnet piece, the protection cylinder is vertical;
the baffle plate is arranged on the other side of the U-shaped frame in an inclined mode and connected with the supporting plate; a sliding groove is formed in the surface of one side of the baffle, a sliding block is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, the sliding block is connected with a plugging plate, a spring is connected in the sliding groove, and the other end of the spring is connected with the sliding block; the baffle is also provided with a water through hole which is arranged below the sliding block;
when the outer wall of the protection cylinder props against the surface of the cushion block, the protection cylinder is inclined, the central hole of the sealing plug is attached to the surface of the baffle plate, and the central hole is communicated with the water through hole; at the moment, the plugging plate is pressed on the surface of the sealing plug under the action of the elastic force of the spring, so that the protection cylinder keeps an inclined state;
when the protection cylinder rotates, the sealing plug props the sealing plate in the rotating process, and the sealing plate moves relative to the baffle; when the protection cylinder rotates to a vertical state, the protection cylinder is adsorbed by the magnet sheet, and the plugging plate is pressed at the central hole and plugs the central hole;
the unmanned ship is characterized by further comprising a controller installed on the unmanned ship, the controller is connected with the power mechanism and the electric cylinder in a control mode, and the controller is further connected with a remote control terminal through the wireless communication module.
2. The unmanned ship-based water body sampling device of claim 1, wherein the sealing plug is further provided with an exhaust hole.
3. The unmanned ship based water sampling device of claim 1, wherein a filter screen is installed in the water through hole.
4. The unmanned ship-based water sampling device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of water leakage holes are formed on the wall of the protection cylinder.
5. The unmanned, marine-based water sampling device of claim 1, wherein a ring-shaped gasket is provided on the top interior of said protective cylinder, said sampling tube passing freely through the interior of said gasket.
6. The unmanned ship-based water body sampling device of claim 1, wherein a power supply is arranged on the unmanned ship, and the power supply is electrically connected with the electric cylinder, the controller and the wireless communication module and used for supplying power.
7. The unmanned ship-based water body sampling device of claim 1, wherein the front end of the unmanned ship is provided with a notch through which the sampler enters or enters the water body.
8. The unmanned-vessel-based water sampling device of claim 1, wherein a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle plate, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the support plate.
9. A method for using the unmanned ship based water sampling device, which is characterized in that the unmanned ship based water sampling device of any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, in the initial state, the central hole of the sealing plug is attached to the surface of the baffle and is communicated with the water through hole; at the moment, the plugging plate is pressed on the surface of the sealing plug under the action of the elastic force of the spring, so that the protection cylinder keeps an inclined state; the moving distance of the piston rod of the electric cylinder is preset in the controller and is set as L; during sampling, the unmanned ship is placed in a water area and controlled to move forward to a corresponding sampling point, and then the piston rod of the electric cylinder is controlled to drive the sampler to move downwards for an L distance, so that the sampling pipe enters a water body to be sampled;
s2, continuously flowing water in the water body into the sampling pipe through the water holes and the central hole; along with the increasing of water bodies in sampling, the gravity is increased continuously, and as the pin shaft is arranged above the symmetrical shaft of the sampling tube along the length direction, the protection cylinder can overcome the pressing force of the plugging plate, drive the sampling tube to rotate around the pin shaft, and rotate to a vertical state, the protection cylinder is adsorbed on the surface of the magnet piece to complete positioning; when the protective barrel rotates to a vertical state, the blocking plate is pressed at the central hole and blocks the central hole, so that the collected water sample is blocked, and splashing is prevented;
s3, controlling the electric cylinder to move upwards, driving the sampler to move out of the water by the electric cylinder, and moving the electric cylinder upwards to the initial position; and then controlling the unmanned ship to return, unscrewing the end cover after returning, drawing out the sampling pipe from the bottom, replacing a new sampling pipe, screwing the end cover, rotating the protection cylinder to enable the protection cylinder to be adsorbed on the surface of the cushion block, enabling the protection cylinder to be inclined, and repeating the steps to finish multiple sampling operations.
10. The method for using the unmanned ship-based water sampling device of claim 9, wherein L in step S1 satisfies the following condition: setting the highest point of the water through hole as a point E and the lowest point as a point D, and enabling the water surface of the water body to be located between the point D and the point E after the sampler moves downwards for a distance L; in step S2, water in the water body continuously flows into the sampling tube through the water holes and the central hole, and air in the sampling tube is discharged through the central hole and/or the exhaust hole.
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| CN115307976A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-08 | 信阳师范学院 | Chemical analysis sampling mechanism for environmental protection engineering |
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