CN113566186B - Boiler drum water level adjusting method after damaged stage pressure measuring points - Google Patents
Boiler drum water level adjusting method after damaged stage pressure measuring points Download PDFInfo
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- CN113566186B CN113566186B CN202110858320.0A CN202110858320A CN113566186B CN 113566186 B CN113566186 B CN 113566186B CN 202110858320 A CN202110858320 A CN 202110858320A CN 113566186 B CN113566186 B CN 113566186B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/78—Adaptations or mounting of level indicators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D5/00—Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
- F22D5/26—Automatic feed-control systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a boiler drum water level adjusting system and a method after a regulating stage pressure measuring point is damaged, wherein a section of steam extraction pressure gauge and a section of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure gauge are added in an original system, so that the damaged regulating stage pressure is replaced by a section of steam extraction pressure and a section of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure measuring point under the condition of no need of stopping and modifying a unit control logic in a large area, the main steam flow is calculated in a fitting way by utilizing the mathematical relationship in the steam extraction pressure and the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure measuring point, and the main steam flow is used as a feedforward signal for three-impulse adjustment, and the safety of variable load regulation of the drum water level is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and consumption reduction of coal-fired units, and particularly relates to a boiler drum water level adjustment method after a regulating stage pressure measuring point is damaged.
Background
For subcritical units configured with drum boilers, see fig. 2, the three-impulse regulation system is a more sophisticated manner of feedwater regulation, including drum level signals, steam flow signals, and feedwater flow signals. The main steam flow is calculated by a functional relation according to the regulating stage pressure. When the unit is automatically adjusted, the steam flow is a feedforward signal for adjusting the water level of the steam drum, and when the pressure of the adjusting stage is distorted, the calculated value of the main steam flow is distorted, so that the three-impulse automatic adjusting system calculates that the water supply flow (target value) is required to be adjusted incorrectly, the water supply flow is greatly reduced, and the adjusting capacity of the automatic adjusting system is greatly reduced and cannot be adjusted. Meanwhile, because the main steam flow is distorted in display, the water supply flow cannot be regulated to control the water level of the steam drum by referring to the main steam flow in manual regulation, and the operation safety of the unit is seriously affected. When the unit regulation level pressure signal sampling tube is damaged, as the sampling tube is positioned in the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, if the sampling tube is required to be recovered in time and is required to be cooled, the cylinder is uncovered for processing, the process is required to be stopped temporarily for more than one week, the temporary stop of the power grid is required to be applied in advance, huge economic loss of less power generation can be caused, the power grid can also be used for checking the power plant, and even the power utilization safety of the region is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a boiler drum water level adjusting method after the pressure measuring point of the adjusting stage is damaged, so as to solve the problem that the water supply flow (target value) needs to be adjusted incorrectly when the pressure of the adjusting stage is distorted in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a boiler drum water level adjusting system after a stage pressure measuring point is damaged comprises a boiler, a high-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder;
the steam output end of the boiler is connected with a main steam pipeline, the main steam pipeline is communicated with a steam inlet pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder, and a steam exhaust pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with a steam inlet pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder;
the steam exhaust pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder is connected to the condenser, the water exhaust pipeline of the condenser is connected to the water inlet pipeline of the boiler, and the water inlet pipeline is provided with a water supply flowmeter;
the high-pressure cylinder is internally provided with an adjusting stage pressure gauge, a section of steam extraction pressure gauge and a high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pressure gauge.
The invention further improves that:
preferably, the one-section steam extraction pressure gauge is communicated to the first section steam extraction port of the high-pressure cylinder through a pressure taking pipe.
Preferably, the high-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure gauge is connected to the exhaust port of the high-pressure cylinder through a pressure taking pipe.
Preferably, the regulating stage pressure gauge is connected to a first stage pressure taking port of the steam turbine through a pressure taking pipe.
Preferably, the drainage pipeline is connected to a condensate pump, the water outlet end of the condensate pump is connected to a water supply pump, and the water outlet end of the water supply pump is connected with a water inlet pipeline.
Preferably, a drum level gauge is arranged in the boiler.
An adjusting method of a boiler drum water level adjusting system after the damage of the adjusting stage pressure measuring point based on any one of the above, comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the main steam flow; the regulating stage pressure is measured by a regulating stage pressure gauge;
step 2, determining the relation between the steam extraction pressure of a section and the main steam flow; the first-stage extraction pressure is measured by a first-stage extraction pressure gauge;
step 3, determining the relation between the exhaust steam pressure of the high-pressure cylinder and the main steam flow; the exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder is measured by a high-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure gauge;
step 4, determining the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the one-stage steam extraction pressure and the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pressure by the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the main steam flow, the relation between the one-stage steam extraction pressure and the main steam flow and the relation between the high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pressure;
and 5, calculating the regulating stage pressure by the steam exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder preferentially, and calculating the regulating stage pressure by a section of steam exhaust pressure when the steam exhaust pressure gauge of the high-pressure cylinder is damaged.
Preferably, in step 1, a relation between the regulating stage pressure and the main steam flow is fitted by using the existing regulating stage pressure data and the corresponding main steam flow data.
Preferably, in step 2, a relational expression between the section of extraction pressure data and the main steam flow is fitted through the existing section of extraction pressure data and the corresponding main steam flow data.
Preferably, in step 3, a relational expression between the high-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure and the main steam flow is fitted through the existing high-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure data and the corresponding main steam flow data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a boiler drum water level adjusting system after a regulating stage pressure measuring point is damaged, wherein a section of steam extraction pressure gauge and a section of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure gauge are added in an original system, so that the main steam flow is calculated by a section of steam extraction pressure and a section of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure measuring point instead of the damaged regulating stage pressure under the condition of needing no shutdown and large-area modification of unit control logic, and the main steam flow is calculated by mathematical relation fitting and used as a feedforward signal for three-impulse regulation, thereby ensuring that the variable load regulation of the drum liquid level is safely carried out.
The invention also discloses a boiler drum water level adjusting method after the regulating stage pressure measuring point is damaged, the method firstly calculates the relation between the regulator pressure and the main steam flow, the relation between the one-section steam extraction pressure and the main steam flow and the relation between the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure and the main steam flow according to the existing data, and takes the main steam flow as a bridge to obtain the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the one-section steam extraction pressure and the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a three impulse automatic adjustment system;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the pilot stage pressure (gauge pressure) versus main steam flow test;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a section of extraction pressure (gauge pressure) versus main steam flow;
FIG. 5 is a graph of high cylinder discharge pressure (gauge pressure) versus main steam flow;
wherein, 1-a low pressure cylinder; 2-a high-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure gauge; 3-a section of steam extraction pressure gauge; 4-adjusting a stage pressure gauge; 5-a high-pressure cylinder; 6-main steam pipeline; 7-a drum level gauge; 8-a feedwater flowmeter; 10-a water supply pump; 11-a condensate pump; 12-a condenser; 13-a drainage pipeline; 14-a water inlet pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixed or removable, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a boiler drum water level adjusting system after a regulating stage pressure measuring point is damaged, wherein a main body device comprises a boiler 8, a high-pressure cylinder 5, a low-pressure cylinder 1, a condenser 12, a condensate pump 11 and a water pump 10; the steam output end of the boiler 8 is connected with a main steam pipeline 6, the main steam pipeline 6 is communicated with a steam inlet pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder 5, and a steam exhaust pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder 5 is connected with a steam inlet pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder 1; the steam exhaust pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder 1 is connected to a condenser 12, the water exhaust pipeline 13 of the condenser 12 is connected to a condensate pump 11, the water outlet pipeline of the condensate pump 11 is communicated with the water inlet pipeline of the water supply pump 10, and the water exhaust pipeline of the water supply pump 10 is connected with the water inlet pipeline 14 of the boiler 8.
Wherein, be provided with the feedwater flowmeter 9 that is used for measuring boiler 8 inflow on the inlet channel 14, be provided with the liquid package level gauge 7 of measuring liquid package liquid level 2 in the boiler 8, be provided with regulation level manometer 4, one section extraction manometer 3 and high-pressure cylinder extraction manometer 2 in the high-pressure cylinder 5. Specifically, the most basic working unit of the steam turbine consisting of a row of nozzles and a row of movable blade grids is called a stage of the steam turbine, and is positioned on a rotor in a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; the extraction pressure of one section is measured by leading out a pressure taking pipe from a first section extraction port of the high-pressure cylinder; the exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder is measured by leading out the exhaust port of the high-pressure cylinder through a pressure taking pipe.
The design principle of the method is as follows:
according to the Friedel formula, under the condition that a thermodynamic system of the unit is normally put into operation, the one-stage steam extraction pressure and the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure are also in linear relation with the main steam flow, so that the one-stage steam extraction pressure or the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure is considered to replace the regulating stage pressure, but if the regulating stage pressure is directly replaced, the control logic is required to be modified, and the machine is also required to be stopped for processing. The regulation can be performed by utilizing the exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder or the relation between the extraction pressure of a section and the regulation stage. However, if the single pressure of exhaust gas of the high-pressure cylinder or the pressure of one section of exhaust gas is regulated, compared with the pressure of the regulating stage, the pressure of the high-pressure cylinder is less in signals sent into the DCS system, and risk concentration is easy to cause, and standby measuring points are needed at this time, so that the logical relations between the pressure of one section of exhaust gas and the pressure of the high-pressure cylinder and the regulating stage are considered to be mutually complemented, and the drum water level of the safety regulating unit is ensured.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
step 1, fitting the existing regulation stage pressure data and corresponding main steam flow data to obtain a relation between regulation stage pressure and main steam flow; wherein the regulating stage pressure is measured by a regulating stage pressure gauge 4.
Step 2, fitting a relation between the first-stage steam extraction pressure data and the main steam flow through the existing first-stage steam extraction pressure data and the corresponding main steam flow data, wherein the first-stage steam extraction pressure is measured by a first-stage steam extraction pressure gauge 3;
step 3, fitting a relation between the exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder and the main steam flow through the existing exhaust pressure data of the high-pressure cylinder and the corresponding main steam flow data, wherein the exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder is measured by a steam exhaust pressure gauge 2 of the high-pressure cylinder;
step 4, determining the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the primary steam flow, and the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure by the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the primary steam flow, the relation between the primary steam flow and the primary steam flow, and the relation between the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure;
and 5, calculating the regulating stage pressure by the steam exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder preferentially, taking the relation between the section of steam exhaust pressure and the regulating stage pressure as a standby, and calculating by using the section of steam exhaust pressure and the regulating stage pressure when the steam exhaust pressure gauge 2 of the high-pressure cylinder is damaged, so that the running safety of the unit is ensured.
Examples
The main steam flow of the turbine set has a certain corresponding relation with the pressure of the regulating stage. The corresponding relation between the regulating stage pressure, the first-stage steam extraction pressure and the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure and the main steam flow can be determined according to the previous experimental measurement. Taking a certain 300MW subcritical unit as an example, fitting calculation is carried out by taking the result of a thermodynamic performance test as a basis.
Step 1, according to test data, the relation between the regulating level pressure (gauge pressure) and the main steam flow is fitted:
Q＝86.149P regulation of +36.097 (1)
P in the formula Regulation of : regulating the stage pressure, MPa; q: the main steam flow, t/h, fitting relation is shown in figure 3;
step 2, fitting a relation between a section of extraction pressure (gauge pressure) and main steam flow according to test data, wherein the relation is as follows:
Q＝172.06P one section of +6.248 (2)
P in the formula One section of : the pressure of one section of extraction steam is MPa; q: main steam flow, t/h; the fitting relation is shown in fig. 4;
step 3, fitting the relation between the exhaust pressure (gauge pressure) of the high-pressure cylinder and the main steam flow according to the test data, wherein the relation is as follows:
Q＝254.01 P high row +13.07 (3)
P in the formula High row : the exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder is MPa; q: the main steam flow, t/h, fitting relation is shown in figure 5;
and 4, determining the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the one-stage steam extraction pressure and the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pressure by the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the main steam flow, the relation between the one-stage steam extraction pressure and the main steam flow and the relation between the high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pressure, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
fitting the data to the following relationship
The three relations above can be derived:
P regulation of ＝1.997P One section of -0.346 (5)
P Regulation of ＝2.948P High row -0.266 (6)
Since the turbine blade profile is lost more and the linearity is worse at low load (25% of rated load of the turbine, and the turbine will not be lower than the load value in normal operation), the mode adopted in the method can deviate more and the manual adjustment can be switched back.
The functional relation between the exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder and the regulating level pressure is used as a main logic control relation, and the relation between the section of extraction pressure and the regulating level pressure is used as a standby, so that the running safety of the unit is ensured.
Operational effect
By adopting the rapid boiler drum water level adjustment method after the pressure measuring point of the adjusting stage is damaged, the three-impulse adjustment of the drum liquid level of the unit can be realized without stopping the machine and with minimum economic cost after the pressure measuring point of the adjusting stage of the unit is damaged, and the operation safety of the unit is ensured.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The adjusting method of the boiler drum water level adjusting system after the stage pressure measuring point is damaged is characterized in that the boiler drum water level adjusting system comprises a boiler (8), a high-pressure cylinder (5) and a low-pressure cylinder (1);
the steam output end of the boiler (8) is connected with a main steam pipeline (6), the main steam pipeline (6) is communicated with a steam inlet pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder (5), and a steam exhaust pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder (5) is connected with a steam inlet pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder (1);
the steam exhaust pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder (1) is connected to the condenser (12), the water exhaust pipeline (13) of the condenser (12) is connected to the water inlet pipeline (14) of the boiler (8), and the water inlet pipeline (14) is provided with a water supply flowmeter (9);
an adjusting stage pressure gauge (4), a section of steam extraction pressure gauge (3) and a high pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure gauge (2) are arranged in the high pressure cylinder (5);
the adjusting method comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the main steam flow; the regulating stage pressure is measured by a regulating stage pressure gauge (4);
fitting a relation between the regulating stage pressure and the main steam flow through the existing regulating stage pressure data and the corresponding main steam flow data;
step 2, determining the relation between the steam extraction pressure of a section and the main steam flow; the one-section steam extraction pressure is measured by a one-section steam extraction pressure gauge (3);
fitting a relation between the first-stage steam extraction pressure data and the main steam flow through the existing first-stage steam extraction pressure data and the corresponding main steam flow data;
step 3, determining the relation between the exhaust steam pressure of the high-pressure cylinder and the main steam flow; the exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder is measured by a high-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure gauge (2); fitting a relation between the exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder and the main steam flow through the existing exhaust pressure data of the high-pressure cylinder and the corresponding main steam flow data;
step 4, determining the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the one-stage steam extraction pressure and the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pressure by the relation between the regulating stage pressure and the main steam flow, the relation between the one-stage steam extraction pressure and the main steam flow and the relation between the high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pressure;
and 5, calculating the regulating stage pressure by the steam exhaust pressure of the high-pressure cylinder preferentially, and calculating the regulating stage pressure by one section of steam exhaust pressure when the steam exhaust pressure gauge (2) of the high-pressure cylinder is damaged.
2. The method for adjusting the boiler drum water level adjusting system after the pressure measuring point of the adjusting stage is damaged according to claim 1, wherein the one-section steam extraction pressure gauge (3) is communicated to the first-section steam extraction port of the high-pressure cylinder (5) through a pressure taking pipe.
3. The method for adjusting the boiler drum water level adjusting system after the damage to the pressure measuring point of the adjusting stage according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure gauge (2) is connected to the exhaust port of the high-pressure cylinder (5) through a pressure taking pipe.
4. The method for adjusting the boiler drum water level adjusting system after the pressure measuring points of the adjusting stage are damaged according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting stage pressure gauge (4) is connected to a first stage pressure taking port of the steam turbine through a pressure taking pipe.
5. The method for adjusting the boiler drum water level adjustment system after the pressure measuring point of the adjusting stage is damaged according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage pipeline (13) is connected to a condensate pump (11), the water outlet end of the condensate pump (11) is connected to a water feed pump (10), and the water outlet end of the water feed pump (10) is connected with a water inlet pipeline (14).
6. The method for adjusting the boiler drum water level adjusting system after the pressure measuring point of the adjusting stage is damaged according to the claim 1, wherein a drum liquid level meter (7) is arranged in the boiler (8).
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