CN113565581B

CN113565581B - Pressure distortion simulation device, system and method

Info

Publication number: CN113565581B
Application number: CN202010351338.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗钜; 刘辉; 吴俣
Original assignee: AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
Current assignee: AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-28
Filing date: 2020-04-28
Publication date: 2023-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-28
Also published as: CN113565581A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pressure distortion simulation, in particular to a pressure distortion simulation device, a system and a method. The pressure distortion simulation device provided by the invention comprises: the side wall of the casing is provided with first through hole units, and the first through hole units comprise at least two first through holes distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing; and an opening and closing control device coupled with the casing and used for controlling the opening and closing of at least part of the cross section of the first through hole. Based on the method, the jet distortion simulation mode can be realized, and the distortion generation condition can be changed conveniently by adjusting the circumferential distribution of the jet, so that the pressure distortion simulation can be performed more conveniently and flexibly.

Description

Pressure distortion simulation device, system and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pressure distortion simulation, in particular to a pressure distortion simulation device, a system and a method.

Background

Pressure distortion is a phenomenon of uneven pressure on the same section in a flow field, and is common in vane machines such as aeroengines. For example, in actual operation of an aeroengine, pressure distortion may occur at an engine inlet due to the influence of working conditions such as crosswind and maneuver, and the pressure distortion at the engine inlet may adversely affect engine performance, stability, and the like.

The pressure distortion simulation test is an effective method for researching the influence of pressure distortion on the performance of an engine, and a pressure distortion simulation system is generally adopted to simulate the real distortion occurrence condition of the engine and establish a specific pressure distortion map of a pneumatic section of the engine.

In the pressure distortion simulation system, a simulation net or a simulation board is often used to study and evaluate the pressure distortion characteristics of an engine or the like. The simulation net or the simulation board is arranged in the casing and is used for blocking the gas entering the casing from the gas inlet device so as to simulate the pressure distortion occurrence condition. In the test process, different simulation nets or simulation plates need to be replaced to simulate different pressure distortion occurrence conditions.

Therefore, the universality and the use flexibility of the simulation net or the simulation board are poor, a plurality of sets of simulation nets or simulation boards are required to be manufactured and replaced, different pressure distortion working conditions can be simulated, the structure and the operation are complex, and the test efficiency is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pressure distortion simulation device, a pressure distortion simulation system and a pressure distortion simulation method, which are used for more conveniently and flexibly performing pressure distortion simulation.

The pressure distortion simulation device provided by the invention comprises:

The side wall of the casing is provided with first through hole units, and the first through hole units comprise at least two first through holes distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing; and

and the opening and closing control device is coupled with the casing and is used for controlling the opening and closing of at least part of the cross section of the first through hole.

In some embodiments, the opening and closing control means comprises at least one of:

the slip ring is rotatably arranged on the casing, a second through hole unit corresponding to the first through hole unit is arranged on the side wall of the slip ring, the second through hole unit comprises a second through hole, and the second through hole is aligned or staggered with the first through hole in the rotation process of the slip ring relative to the casing so as to control the opening and closing of at least part of the cross section of the first through hole;

and the hole plug is matched with the first through hole in a pluggable manner so as to control the opening and closing of at least part of the cross section of the first through hole.

In some embodiments, during rotation of the slip ring relative to the case, the second through holes in the second through hole unit are aligned with at least a portion of the first through holes in the first through hole unit, or the second through holes in the second through hole unit are staggered from all of the first through holes in the first through hole unit.

In some embodiments, the second through holes in the second through hole unit are the same in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the first through holes in the first through hole unit; or, the number and/or distribution of the second through holes in the second through hole unit and the first through holes in the first through hole unit are different.

In some embodiments, the number of second vias in the second via unit is less than the number of first vias in the first via unit.

In some embodiments, the number of first vias in the first via unit is at least twice the number of second vias in the second via unit.

In some embodiments, the second through holes in the second through hole unit are distributed over a complete circumference of the slip ring, or the second through holes in the second through hole unit are distributed over a partial circumference of the slip ring.

In some embodiments, the plug includes a plug body that mates with the first through-hole bore and has a cross-sectional area that is equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of the first through-hole.

In some embodiments, at least two first through hole units are arranged on the side wall of the casing, the at least two first through hole units are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the casing, and the opening and closing control device adjusts the flow area of all or part of the at least two first through hole units.

In some embodiments, the opening and closing control device comprises a slip ring, and at least two second through hole units are arranged on the slip ring, are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the slip ring and are in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two first through hole units; or, the opening and closing control device comprises at least two slip rings, and the at least two slip rings are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the casing and correspond to the at least two first through hole units one by one.

In some embodiments, the pressure distortion simulation device further includes an air injection device that injects air into the casing through the first through hole when the opening and closing control device controls at least partial opening of the cross section of the first through hole.

In some embodiments, the air injection device injects air into the interior of the casing in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the casing.

In some embodiments, the air injection device injects air into the casing along a radial direction of the casing.

In some embodiments, the air jet device is configured to be fixed or adjustable in air jet direction.

In some embodiments, the air injection device comprises a nozzle, a nozzle flow channel is arranged in the nozzle, the air injection device is communicated with the first through hole through the nozzle flow channel, and the axis of the nozzle flow channel is a straight line or a broken line.

In some embodiments, the tip of the air jet device is inserted into a second through hole on a slip ring of the opening and closing control device and communicates with the first through hole when the second through hole is aligned with the first through hole.

In some embodiments, the air jet device is detachably coupled to the casing.

In some embodiments, the air injection device includes a regulating valve for controlling whether the air injection device injects air into the interior of the casing and/or controlling the amount of air injected by the air injection device.

The pressure distortion simulation system provided by the invention comprises the air inlet device and the pressure distortion simulation device, wherein the air inlet device is communicated with an opening at one axial end of the casing and supplies air flow to the inside of the casing.

The pressure distortion simulation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

opening or closing at least part of the cross section of each first through hole distributed on the side wall of the casing along the circumferential direction of the casing by using an opening-closing control device;

the air flow flows into the casing through an air inlet device communicated with an opening at one axial end of the casing, and is injected into the casing through a first through hole opened by an opening and closing control device by an air injection device.

Through set up on the receiver lateral wall have along at least two first through-holes of receiver axial distribution to set up the switching controlling means and open or close the at least part of the cross section of first through-hole, can realize jet distortion simulation mode, and be convenient for change the distortion condition of taking place through adjusting jet circumference distribution, thereby can carry out the pressure distortion simulation more conveniently and flexibly.

Other features of the present invention and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a pressure distortion simulation system in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the opening/closing control apparatus and the casing in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a partial front view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the slip ring of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a nozzle and a second connection pipe of the air injection device of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the nozzle of fig. 5 mounted on a slip ring and a casing.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a slip ring in further embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic view of the mounting of the nozzle on the slip ring and the casing in other embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 9 and 10 are schematic views showing the structure of an opening/closing control apparatus according to other embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of a method of simulating pressure distortion in an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure:

100. a pressure distortion simulation system;

10. a pressure distortion simulation device; 20. an air intake device; 30. a device under test; 40. an exhaust volute;

1. a casing; 1a, a first through hole unit; 11. a first through hole; 12. a positioning ring; 13. a fastening hole; 14. an opening;

2. an opening/closing control device; 21. a slip ring; 21a, a second through hole unit; 211. a second through hole; 212. a first ring portion; 213. a second ring portion; 214. a connection part; 215. a connection hole; 22. a hole plug; 22a, a first plug; 22b, a second plug; 221. a plug head; 222. a plug body;

3. an air injection device; 31 gas storage pieces; 32. a connecting pipe; 321. a first connection pipe; 322. a second connection pipe; 33. a regulating valve; 34. a nozzle; 341. a nozzle flow passage; 341a, a first flow passage; 341b, a second flow passage; 342. a mounting hole; 34a, a first nozzle portion; 34b, second nozzle portions, 34c, third nozzle portions; 36. a clamping member; 37. a gasket; 38. a pressing plate;

4. and a connecting piece.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden on the person of ordinary skill in the art based on embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for defining the components, and are merely for convenience in distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms are not meant to have any special meaning unless otherwise indicated, so that the scope of the present invention is not to be construed as being limited.

In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.

Fig. 1 to 11 exemplarily show a pressure distortion simulation apparatus, a pressure distortion simulation system, and a pressure distortion simulation method of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, a pressure distortion simulation system 100 includes a pressure distortion simulation apparatus 10, an air intake apparatus 20, and the like.

The pressure distortion simulation apparatus 10 includes a casing 1. Referring to fig. 2, a casing 1 is constructed as a solid of revolution structure such as a cylinder. Meanwhile, the inside of the casing 1 is hollow, and both axial ends are provided with openings 14.

The air intake device 20 communicates with the opening 14 of the casing 1 at one end in the axial direction for the flow of air to the inside of the casing 1. The air intake device 20 includes, for example, an air intake duct.

In the simulation test, the device under test 30, for example, an impeller machine such as a test aeroengine or a test gas turbine, is connected to the opening 14 of the casing 1 at the other end in the axial direction. In this way, the air intake device 20 and the device under test 30 communicate with the two openings 14 at both axial ends of the casing 1, respectively, so that the air intake device 20, the casing 1, and the device under test 30 communicate in sequence along the flow direction of the air flow (for example, referred to as the inflow gas or the main flow) that enters the inside of the casing 1 from the air intake device 20. After the device under test 30 is started, the inflow gas enters the inside of the casing 1 along the axial direction of the casing 1 from the gas inlet device 20, and then flows to the device under test 30.

In order to simulate the inlet pressure distortion of the device under test 30, the pressure distortion simulation device 10 in the related art generally further includes a simulation net or a simulation board disposed inside the casing 1, and the simulation net or the simulation board is used to block the incoming gas so as to change the distribution or the intensity of the gas flow flowing to the device under test 30, so as to realize the inlet pressure distortion simulation of the device under test 30.

Taking a simulation net as an example, meshes are generally arranged on the simulation net, and air flows through the meshes of the simulation net to generate pressure loss so as to form a pressure distortion area. Each simulation net corresponds to a pressure distortion map one by one, namely, one set of simulation nets can only simulate a specific pressure distortion map under specific conditions. Therefore, a plurality of sets of simulation nets with different numbers, shapes or sizes of meshes are generally manufactured in advance, and different simulation nets are replaced in the test process to simulate different pressure distortion occurrence conditions, so as to obtain different pressure distortion patterns (the pressure distortion patterns are a representation mode for representing the pressure distortion characteristics of the air flow and are generally represented in a section pressure contour line or cloud pattern mode). Each time a different analog net is replaced, the air inlet device 20 needs to be removed first.

Meanwhile, the simulation net or the simulation board corresponds to a blocking type distortion simulation mode, the problem of flow field blockage is easy to occur, and the simulation net or the simulation board is impacted by incoming gas in the test process, is easy to fall off, and affects the smooth performance of the test.

Based on the above findings, the present invention improves the structure of the pressure distortion simulation apparatus 10 to improve the convenience and flexibility of the pressure distortion simulation process and to increase the test efficiency of the pressure distortion simulation test.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, in some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure distortion simulation apparatus 10 further includes an opening and closing control apparatus 2 on the basis of including the casing 1.

With reference to fig. 2-3 and fig. 6, a first through hole unit 1a is disposed on a side wall of the casing 1, and the first through hole unit 1a includes at least two first through holes 11 distributed along a circumferential direction of the casing 1.

The first through hole 11 penetrates through the circumferential side wall of the casing 1, and has a cross section in various shapes such as a circle, a square, or an ellipse, and an axis thereof extends along a direction intersecting the axial direction of the casing 1, that is, the axial direction of the first through hole 11 intersects the axial direction of the casing 1, for example, referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments, the axial direction of the first through hole 11 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the casing, in other words, the axial direction of the first through hole 11 is along the radial direction of the casing 1.

Through set up first through-hole 11 on the lateral wall of receiver 1 for the air current can be spouted inside the receiver 1 through first through-hole 11, mixes with the inflow gas, forms low total pressure district, makes intake pressure distortion, realizes jet pressure distortion simulation mode.

In the first through hole unit 1a, the number of the first through holes 11 may be two or more, and each of the first through holes 11 may be uniformly or non-uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing 1.

In addition, the number of the first through hole units 1a is not limited to one, but may be two or more. Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, at least two first through hole units 1a are provided on a sidewall of the casing 1, and the at least two first through hole units 1a are spaced apart along an axial direction of the casing 1. Based on this, by injecting air into the casing 1 at different first through hole units 1a, distortion regions can be produced at different axial positions of the casing 1, which is advantageous for more realistically simulating the intake distortion map when the device under test 30 is actually operated.

The opening/closing control device 2 is coupled to the casing 1 for opening or closing at least part of the cross section of the first through hole 11, for example, such that the entire cross section of the first through hole 11 is opened, or only part of the cross section of the first through hole 11 is opened (for example, 1/3-3/4 of the cross section). Therefore, only the opening and closing conditions of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are controlled by the opening and closing control device 2, for example, which first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are opened and which first through holes 11 are closed, for example, whether the opened first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are fully opened or partially opened is controlled, the distribution of jet air flow along the circumferential direction of the casing 1 can be changed, the simulation of different distortion working conditions is realized, and the simulation of a plurality of sets of simulation nets or simulation plates is not needed, so that the structure and the operation are simpler, the universality and the use flexibility are better, the more convenient and flexible pressure distortion simulation process can be realized, and the pressure distortion test efficiency is effectively improved.

It can be seen that, based on the cooperation of the opening and closing control device 2 and the first through hole unit 1a on the casing 1, the pressure distortion simulation device 10 can conveniently realize a jet pressure distortion simulation mode, and can flexibly and rapidly change the circumferential distribution of jet, realize the simulation of various pressure distortion working conditions, effectively promote the universality and the use flexibility of the pressure distortion simulation device 10, and improve the test efficiency.

Compared with a simulation net or a simulation plate, the jet-type pressure distortion simulation mode is adopted, and the occurrence of flow field blockage is avoided.

Referring to fig. 2 to 8, as an embodiment of the opening/closing control apparatus 2, the opening/closing control apparatus 2 includes a slip ring 21. The slip ring 21 is rotatably disposed on the casing 1, and a second through hole unit 21a corresponding to the first through hole unit 1a is disposed on a side wall of the slip ring 21, and the second through hole unit 21a includes a second through hole 211, and the second through hole 211 is aligned with or staggered from the first through hole 11 during rotation of the slip ring 21 relative to the casing 1, so as to open or close at least a portion of a cross section of the first through hole 11.

Based on the slip ring 21, the second through hole 211 on the slip ring 21 is aligned or staggered with the first through hole 11 on the casing 1 by only rotating the slip ring 21 to different angle positions, so that the opening and closing state of the first through hole 11 can be changed, the circumferential position and range of air injection can be changed, different pressure distortion patterns can be obtained, and convenience and rapidness are realized.

Moreover, the slip ring 21 is adopted to control the opening and closing states of the first through holes 11, so that whether all the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are simultaneously opened or closed can be conveniently controlled by designing the distribution relation between the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a and the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, and simulation of different working conditions is realized.

For example, referring to fig. 2-4, in some embodiments, the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a are the same number and in one-to-one correspondence with the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, for example, the same number of first through holes 11 and second through holes 211 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing 1. In this way, during the rotation of the slip ring 21 relative to the casing 1, the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a are aligned or staggered with all the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, in other words, in this case, by rotating relative to the casing 1, the slip ring 21 can control all the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a to be opened simultaneously (simply referred to as the fully opened state of the first through hole unit 1 a) or closed simultaneously (simply referred to as the fully closed state of the first through hole unit 1 a), that is, to control the first through hole unit 21a to be switched between the fully opened state and the fully closed state. When the slip ring 21 controls the first through hole unit 1a to be in the full open state, the jet air flow is injected into the casing 1 through all the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, so as to manufacture distorted air intake and simulate pressure distortion working conditions. When the slip ring 21 controls the first through hole unit 1a to switch to the fully closed state, the jet air flow does not enter the casing 1 through the first through hole unit 1a any more, so that the test measurement in the uniform air intake state is conveniently realized.

It can be seen that the slip ring 21 is set to simultaneously open or simultaneously close all the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, so that in the test process, the switching between two different working conditions of uniform air intake and distorted air intake can be rapidly realized, corresponding test requirements are met, and test efficiency is improved.

In other embodiments, the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a may not be in one-to-one correspondence with the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, for example, the number and/or the distribution of the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a may be different, so that during the rotation of the slip ring 21 relative to the casing 1, the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a may be aligned with a part of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, in other words, the slip ring 21 may be rotated relative to the casing 1, so as to control a part of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a to be opened, and another part of the first through holes 11 to be closed, i.e. to control the first through hole unit 1a to be in a partially opened or closed state. Thus, by rotating the slip ring 21, the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a in different circumferential regions are controlled to be switched and opened, namely, the circumferential distribution range of the jet air flow can be changed, different circumferential distortion regions are manufactured, different distortion occurrence conditions are simulated, flexible switching of different air inlet distortion working conditions can be rapidly realized in the test process, more test requirements are met, and more pressure distortion patterns are obtained.

For example, in some embodiments, the number of the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a is set to be smaller than the number of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, specifically, the number of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a is, for example, at least twice the number of the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21 a. At this time, the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a and the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are, for example, still uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. In this way, during the rotation of the slip ring 21, the slip ring 21 can control the first through hole 11 in the first through hole unit 1a to be opened in a switching manner, for example, when the slip ring 21 rotates to the first angle position, the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a located in the first circumferential region are controlled to be opened, the other first through holes 11 are controlled to be closed, and when the slip ring 21 rotates to the second angle position, the first through holes 11 in the second circumferential region in the first through hole unit 1a are controlled to be opened, the other first through holes 11 are controlled to be closed, so that air can be injected into the casing 1 from different circumferential positions, different distortion occurrence conditions are created, and different distortion working conditions are simulated.

And, the number of the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a is set to be smaller than the number of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, and it is also convenient to control the first through hole unit 1a to switch between the partially open-closed state and the fully closed state, so that not only the distortion condition but also the uniform intake condition can be simulated. For example, in the case that the number of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a is twice the number of the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a, and each second through hole 211 in the second through hole unit 21a and each first through hole 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, when the slip ring 21 rotates to a certain angle position, half of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a can be opened, so that the first through hole unit 1a is in a partially opened or closed state, the simulation of different pressure distortion conditions can be realized by controlling the opening of the first through holes 11 in different circumferential ranges conveniently, and when the slip ring 21 rotates to other angle positions, all the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a can be shielded, so that the first through hole unit 1a is switched to a fully closed state, and the uniform air inlet conditions can be simulated conveniently.

For example, in other embodiments, the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a and the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a may have different distribution angle intervals and/or distribution area ranges, and the first through hole unit 1a may be controlled to be in a partially opened or closed state. For example, referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a are not distributed over a whole circle in the circumferential direction of the slip ring 21, but are distributed only over a partial part in the circumferential direction of the slip ring 21, specifically, for example, are distributed in a central manner in a circumferential area such as 60 °, 90 °, 180 °, or 240 ° of the slip ring 21, and at this time, for the case that the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are distributed over a whole circle in the circumferential direction of the casing 1, the slip ring 21 can also control the first through hole unit 1a to be in a partially opened or closed state.

It can be seen that, by arranging the second through hole unit 21a and the first through hole unit 1a such that the second through hole 211 in the second through hole unit 21a is aligned with at least part of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 21a or the second through hole 211 in the second through hole unit 21a is staggered with all the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 21a during the rotation of the slip ring 21 relative to the casing 1, the first through hole unit 1a can be controlled to switch between the fully opened state, the fully closed state or the partially opened state, for example, the first through hole unit 1a is controlled to switch between the fully opened state and the fully closed state, or the first through hole unit 1a is controlled to switch between the partially opened state and at least one of the fully opened state and the fully closed state, so as to flexibly meet various different test requirements and obtain different test results.

In the case that at least two first through hole units 1a are disposed on the side wall of the casing 1, in order to control the opening and closing states of all the first through hole units 1a by the opening and closing control device 2, referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the opening and closing control device 2 includes at least two slip rings 21, and the at least two slip rings 21 are disposed at intervals along the axial direction of the casing 1 and are in one-to-one correspondence with each first through hole unit 1a, so that the opening and closing states of each first through hole unit 1a can be controlled by each slip ring 21, and since each slip ring 21 can independently control the corresponding first through hole unit 1a, the opening and closing states of different first through hole units 1a are the same or different, and the same or different distortion areas located at different axial positions of the casing 1 are manufactured, so that more actual working conditions can be conveniently simulated, and more realistic simulation results can be obtained.

In other embodiments, the opening and closing control device 2 may also include only one sliding ring 21, and at least two second through hole units 21a are disposed on the sliding ring 21, where the at least two second through hole units 21a are disposed at intervals along the axial direction of the sliding ring 21 and are in one-to-one correspondence with the first through hole units 1 a. In this way, only one slip ring 21 needs to be rotated at a time, so that the change of the opening and closing states of all the first through hole units 1a can be realized, and the operation is simpler.

The embodiment of the opening/closing control device 2 is not limited to the one of the slip rings 21. For example, referring to fig. 9 to 10, as another embodiment of the opening/closing control apparatus 2, the opening/closing control apparatus 2 includes a hole plug 22. The hole plug 22 is insertably engaged with the first through hole 11 to open or close at least part of the cross section of the first through hole 11. In this way, by inserting the hole plug 22 into the first through hole 11, at least a part of the cross section of the first through hole 11 is blocked, the hole plug 22 is pulled out of the first through hole 11, the blocking of the first through hole 11 is released, and the first through hole 11 is opened. And, through utilizing different hole plugs 22 to block up different first through-holes 11 in first through-hole unit 1a, can also conveniently change jet circumferential distribution, realize the simulation to different distortion operating modes, it is simple and convenient, the use is nimble.

9-10, the plug 22 includes a plug body 222 that mates with the shaft bore of the first through bore 11. In order to block the entire cross section of the first through hole 11 when the hole plug 22 is inserted, referring to fig. 9, in some embodiments, the plug body 222 is configured to have a cross sectional area equal to that of the first through hole 11, so that the plug body 222 blocks the entire first through hole 11 after being inserted into the first through hole 11, and the entire cross section of the first through hole 11 is closed. In order to block only a part of the cross section of the first through hole 11 when the hole plug 22 is inserted, referring to fig. 10, in some embodiments, the plug body 222 is configured to have a cross section smaller than that of the first through hole 11, so that after the plug body 222 is inserted into the first through hole 11, only the part of the first through hole 11 is blocked, so that the part of the cross section of the first through hole 11 is opened, and the other part of the cross section is closed, and at this time, air can still be injected into the casing 1 through the opened part of the first through hole 11.

For convenience of distinction, the hole plug 11 closing the entire cross section of the first through hole 11 may be referred to as a first hole plug 22a or a full hole plug, and the hole plug 11 closing a part of the cross section of the first through hole 11 may be referred to as a second hole plug 22b or a part of the hole plug, which in turn may be further named in terms of how much the cross section of the first through hole 11 is specifically closed, for example, wherein closing half of the cross section of the first through hole 11 may be referred to as a half hole plug, closing 3/4 of the cross section of the first through hole 11 may be referred to as a three-quarter hole plug, and so on.

Of course, in some embodiments, the opening and closing control device 2 may also include both the slip ring 21 and the hole plug 22, which is especially suitable for a case where at least two first through hole units 1a arranged at intervals along the axial direction are provided on the side wall of the casing 1, for example, for different first through hole units 1a, one of the slip ring 21 and the hole plug 22 may be used separately to change the opening and closing condition.

In order to facilitate the air injection into the casing 1, referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the pressure distortion simulation device 10 further includes an air injection device 3, where the air injection device 3 injects air into the casing 1 through the first through hole 11 when the opening/closing control device 2 controls at least a part of the cross section of the first through hole 11 to be opened.

With continued reference to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the gas injection device 3 includes a gas storage member 31 and a connection pipe 32, where the gas storage member 31 is used to store gas, and the connection pipe 32 connects the gas storage member 31 with the opening and closing control device 2, so that when the opening and closing control device 2 controls at least part of the cross section of the first through hole 11 to be opened, the gas stored in the gas storage member 31 can be injected into the casing 1 through the first through hole 11 to contact and mix with the incoming gas, forming a low total pressure area, and realizing pressure distortion simulation.

And, referring to fig. 6 and 8, in some embodiments, the air injection device 3 further includes a nozzle 34. The nozzle 34 communicates with the air reservoir 31, for example, through a connection pipe 32. The nozzle 34 is provided with a nozzle flow passage 341 therein, and the air injection device 3 is communicated with the first through hole 11 through the nozzle flow passage 341, so that when the first through hole 11 is opened, air flow can be injected from the nozzle flow passage 341 into the casing 1.

In addition, referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the air injection device 3 further includes a regulating valve 33, where the regulating valve 33 is used to control whether the air injection device 3 injects air into the casing 1, and/or control the air injection amount of the air injection device 3. By providing the adjusting valve 33, when the opening and closing control device 2 controls the opening of the first through hole 11, the air injection condition is further controlled by the adjusting valve 33, and the distortion strength is changed by changing the air injection flow and other modes, so as to simulate more working conditions.

When the air is injected into the casing 1, the air injection direction of the air injection device 3 is along the direction intersecting with the axial direction of the casing 1, for example, so that the air injection flow intersects with the incoming air flow direction, and the mixing is more fully performed.

The air injection direction of the air injection device 3 may be fixed or adjustable. For example, referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments, the axis of the nozzle flow channel 341 is a straight line, in which case the direction of the jet device 3 is fixed. For example, referring to fig. 8, in other embodiments, the axis of the nozzle flow channel 341 is a broken line, in this case, by rotating the nozzle 34, the direction of the outlet of the nozzle flow channel 341 can be changed, and thus the air injection direction can be changed, so as to realize adjustment of the air injection direction. When the air injection direction is adjustable, the simulation of more pressure distortion working conditions is convenient to realize.

The various embodiments shown in fig. 1-10 are further described below.

The embodiment shown in fig. 1-6 will first be described.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in this embodiment, the pressure distortion simulation system 100 includes an air intake device 20, a pressure distortion simulation device 10, a device under test 30, an exhaust volute 40, and the like.

The air inlet device 20, the pressure distortion simulation device 10, the device under test 30, and the exhaust volute 40 are sequentially communicated along the flow direction of the inflow gas (i.e., the gas supplied from the air inlet device 20).

In this embodiment, the device under test 30 is embodied as an aeroengine.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the pressure distortion simulation device 10 includes a casing 1, an opening/closing control device 2, an air injection device 3, and the like.

As shown in fig. 2, the casing 1 is configured as a hollow cylinder, two openings 14 at both axial ends thereof are respectively communicated with the air inlet device 20 and the device under test 30, and three first through hole units 1a arranged at intervals in the axial direction are provided on the circumferential side wall thereof, and each first through hole unit 1a includes a plurality of (e.g., 8-12) first through holes 11 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing 1. Each first through hole 11 is specifically a circular hole axially along the radial direction of the casing 1, and has an equal diameter.

With continued reference to fig. 2, in this embodiment, the opening/closing control device 2 includes a slip ring 21, and the slip ring 21 is rotatably sleeved outside the casing 1 and corresponds to the axial position of the first through hole unit 1a for controlling the opening/closing state of the first through hole unit 1 a. Only the slip rings 21 corresponding to the two first through hole units 1a are shown in fig. 2, but it is understood that the slip rings 21 may be correspondingly provided at the third through hole unit 1 a.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6, the slip ring 21 is provided with a second through hole unit 21a, and the second through hole unit 21a includes a plurality of second through holes 211 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the slip ring 21, where the number of the second through holes 211 is the same as the number of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, and each second through hole 211 is a circular hole having the same diameter as the first through hole 11. In this way, the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a are the same as the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a in number, and the minimum angular intervals between the holes are equal, so that the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a correspond to the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a one by one, and thus the slip ring 21 can control the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a to be opened or closed simultaneously by rotating relative to the casing 1.

Also, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the installation of the slip ring 21 on the casing 1, the slip ring 21 is configured to include a first ring portion 212 and a second ring portion 213, and the first ring portion 212 and the second ring portion 213 are detachably connected, for example, by a connecting member 4 such as a bolt, so that the slip ring 21 can be conveniently fitted over the casing 1 without requiring the prior removal of other structures such as the air intake device 20. When the slip ring 21 is installed, the first ring portion 212 and the second ring portion 213 can be respectively sleeved on the casing 1, and then the first ring portion 212 and the second ring portion 213 are connected by the connecting piece 4, so that the slip ring 21 can be installed on the casing 1, and the installation is simple and convenient.

The first ring portion 212 and the second ring portion 213 are, for example, semi-circular rings, or one is a small semi-circular ring (i.e., the arc length is a minor arc) and the other is a large semi-circular ring (i.e., the arc length is a major arc).

In order to facilitate the connection between the first ring portion 212 and the second ring portion 213, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, in this embodiment, the first ring portion 212 and the second ring portion 213 are correspondingly provided with a connection portion 214, and the connection portion 214 is located at a free end of the first ring portion 212 or the second ring portion 213, for example, and protrudes radially outward from the slip ring 21 from the free end to form a radial flange. The connection piece 4 can connect the first ring portion 212 and the second ring portion 213 by connecting the corresponding connection portions 214 on the first ring portion 212 and the second ring portion 213.

In addition, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, in this embodiment, a positioning ring 12 is further provided on the casing 1 for restricting the axial displacement of the slip ring 21, so that the slip ring 21 can more reliably control the opening and closing of the first through hole unit 1 a. In particular, as can be seen from fig. 3, in this embodiment, one positioning ring 12 is provided on each of the two axial sides of the slip ring 21, so that the two positioning rings 12 restrict the displacement of the slip ring 21 toward the two axial sides, which is advantageous in achieving a more stable and reliable engagement of the slip ring 21 with the first through hole unit 1 a.

The air jet device 3 is used for providing air jet air flow. As shown in fig. 1 and 5 to 6, in this embodiment, the air injection device 3 includes an air storage member 31, a connection pipe 32, a regulating valve 33, a nozzle 34, and the like.

The air reservoir 31 communicates with the nozzle 34 through the connection pipe 32. The nozzle 34 is inserted into the second through hole 211 as the end of the air injection device 3, and is communicated with the first through hole 11 when the second through hole 211 is aligned with the first through hole 11, so as to inject air flow into the interior of the casing 1, thereby manufacturing a low total pressure area and simulating a distortion condition. A regulating valve 33 is provided on the connection pipe 32 for regulating the flow rate of the air jet to change the intensity of distortion.

Wherein, as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the nozzle 34 is detachably coupled with the casing 1. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the nozzle 34 includes a first nozzle portion 34a, a second nozzle portion 34b, and a third nozzle portion 34c that communicate in this order along the jet air flow direction. The first nozzle portion 34a, the second nozzle portion 34b, and the third nozzle portion 34c are each cylindrical, and the diameters of the first nozzle portion 34a and the second nozzle portion 34b are smaller and larger than the diameter of the third nozzle portion 34c, respectively. The third nozzle portion 34c passes through the second through hole 211 and is inserted into the first through hole 11. The first nozzle portion 34a and the second nozzle portion 34b are exposed outside the second through hole 211, and the second nozzle portion 34b abuts against the outer wall of the slip ring 21. Meanwhile, the second nozzle portion 34b is provided with a mounting hole 342, and the slip ring 21 and the casing 1 are respectively provided with a connecting hole 215 and a fastening hole 13, and the connecting piece 4 is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole 342, connecting hole 215 and fastening hole 13, so as to realize the detachable connection of the nozzle 34 on the slip ring 21 and the casing 1, and the detachable connection of the slip ring 21 on the casing 1. The connecting member 4 includes a screw-threaded connecting member such as a bolt, and in this case, the fastening hole 13 may be a screw hole. In this way, on one hand, the sliding ring 21 can rotate between different angle positions conveniently, overall distribution of jet air flow in the circumferential range is adjusted, flexible switching between different working conditions is achieved, and on the other hand, after the sliding ring 21 rotates to each target angle position, circumferential displacement of the sliding ring 21 is limited conveniently, so that the sliding ring 21 can be kept at the target angle position more stably and reliably, and more accurate test results are obtained through simulation.

Of course, in other embodiments, when the first through hole 11 is opened, the nozzle 34 may be located outside the first through hole 11 instead of being inserted into the first through hole 11, so as to further facilitate the rotation of the slip ring 21.

In addition, as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the axis of the nozzle flow channel 341 inside the nozzle 34 is straight, and the outlet of the nozzle 34 is substantially flush with or protrudes from the opening of the first through hole 11 facing the inside of the casing 1, so that the jet air flow enters the casing 1 along the radial direction of the casing 1, and can be fully mixed with the incoming air, and the intake pressure distortion is produced.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, in this embodiment, the connection pipe 32 includes a first connection pipe 321 and a second connection pipe 322 that are sequentially connected in the flow direction of the air flow. The first connection pipe 321 communicates with the air container 31. The second connection pipe 322 communicates with the nozzle 34. The first connection pipe 321 and the second connection pipe 322 are connected through the adjustment valve 33, that is, the adjustment valve 33 is disposed between the first connection pipe 321 and the second connection pipe 322. By adjusting the adjusting valve 33, the amount of the gas flow is changed, and the degree of mixing of the gas flow with the incoming gas can be changed, thereby changing the distortion strength.

Wherein, as shown in fig. 5, the second connecting tube 322 is, for example, a hose, so as to further facilitate the rotation of the slip ring 21. The second connection pipe 322 may be fitted to the first nozzle portion 34a of the nozzle 34, and after the fitting, the second connection pipe 322 may be clamped and fastened by the clamping member 36.

Based on the pressure distortion simulation device 10 of this embodiment, the slip ring 21 is rotated to enable the second through hole 211 in the second through hole unit 21a to coincide with the first through hole 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, so that the first through hole 11 in the first through hole unit 1a is opened, and jet air flow can be sprayed into the casing 1 through the nozzle 34, so as to simulate air intake distortion conditions, and in the air injection process, the adjusting valve 33 can be used to change the jet air flow, so as to change the distortion intensity, so as to simulate different air intake distortion conditions; when the second through holes 211 in the second through hole unit 21a are not overlapped with the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a and are staggered, the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are closed, and the uniform air inlet working condition can be simulated.

When the test is needed, the slip ring 21 may be mounted on the casing 1, and the slip ring 21 may be rotated to a certain circumferential position, so that the second through hole 211 in the second through hole unit 21a overlaps the first through hole 11 in the first through hole unit 1a, and each first through hole 11 is opened; then, the nozzle 34 is inserted into the second through hole 211, and the connector 4 is inserted into the mounting hole 342, the connecting hole 215 and the fastening hole 13, so that the nozzle 34 is fastened; then, the second connecting pipe 322 is sleeved on the first nozzle part 34a and fastened by the clamping piece 36, and of course, the second connecting pipe 322 can also be sleeved on the first nozzle part 34a in advance; then, the device under test 30 is operated, and the regulating valve 33 is opened to a required opening degree, so that the jet air flow and the incoming air flow are mixed, a corresponding inlet pressure distortion map is generated, the device under test 30 is subjected to corresponding pneumatic parameter measurement, and the influence of total pressure distortion on the performance and stability of the device under test 30 is studied. When the regulating valve 33 is closed, or when the slip ring 21 is rotated so that the second through hole 211 in the second through hole unit 21a and the first through hole 11 in the first through hole unit 1a no longer coincide, experimental measurement in a uniform intake state can be achieved.

It can be seen that the pressure distortion simulation system 100 of this embodiment can simulate the intake pressure distortion map of the tested device 30 conveniently and flexibly, wherein the applicability of the pressure distortion simulation device 10 is stronger, so that multiple sets of simulation nets or simulation plates can be avoided being manufactured in the pressure distortion simulation process, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the manufacturing period is shortened, the pressure distortion simulation device 10 is easy to assemble and disassemble, the air intake device 20 is not required to be disassembled and assembled repeatedly during the test, the air intake device is conveniently and rapidly switched between different working conditions such as uniform air intake and distortion air intake, and the test efficiency is improved.

At the same time, the slip ring 21, the air jet device 3, and the like do not need to bear the impact of the incoming air like a simulation net, a simulation plate, and the like, and therefore, the installation reliability is high and the falling off is not easy.

Several embodiments shown in fig. 7-10 are described next. In order to simplify the description, only the differences between these embodiments and the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 6 will be described with emphasis.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the slip ring 21 is still used as the opening/closing control device 2, but the difference from the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 6 is mainly that in this embodiment, the second through holes 211 on the slip ring 21 are not distributed over a whole circle in the circumferential direction of the slip ring 21 but are distributed in a concentrated manner in a part in the circumferential direction of the slip ring 21. Based on this, in the case where the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are still uniformly distributed over one complete revolution of the casing 1, when the slip ring 21 rotates, a part of the first through holes 11 in the first through hole unit 1a are controlled to be opened, and the other first through holes 11 are closed, so that the first through hole unit 1a can be in a partially opened and closed state.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the nozzle flow path 341 in the nozzle 34 is no longer straight, but is a broken line. Specifically, the nozzle flow channel 341 includes a first flow channel 341a and a second flow channel 341b, where the first flow channel 341a and the second flow channel 341b are sequentially connected along the flow direction of the jet air flow, and the axis of the first flow channel 341a and the axis of the second flow channel 341b are not collinear, but have an included angle therebetween. Based on this, the jet direction of the jet device 3 is adjustable, and in the test process, by rotating the nozzle 34 to different angular positions when installing the nozzle 34, the jet direction can be changed, the included angle between the jet airflow direction and the incoming air flow direction can be adjusted, the mixing range and the mixing strength of the jet airflow and the incoming air flow can be changed, the distortion strength can be changed, and the simulation of more pressure distortion working conditions can be realized.

In addition, as shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, the fixing structure of the nozzle 34 is also slightly different from the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 6. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the air injection device 3 further includes a platen 38. The connection 4 no longer passes directly through the nozzle 34 to connect the nozzle 34 to the slip ring 21 and the casing 1, but rather the nozzle 34 to connect the slip ring 21 and the casing 1 is realized by means of a pressure plate 38 pressed against the nozzle 34, in particular against the second nozzle part 34 b. A spacer 37 is also provided between the platen 38 and the nozzle 34. The spacer 37 is specifically disposed between the platen 38 and the second nozzle portion 34 b. In this regard, when installing the nozzle 34, the nozzle 34 may be inserted into the second through hole 211, the gasket 37 may be fitted over the nozzle 34, the pressing plate 38 may be fitted over the nozzle 34, the nozzle 34 may be rotated to a predetermined angle, and the connector 4 may be fastened to the nozzle 34 through the pressing plate 38, the connection hole 215 of the slip ring 21, and the fastening hole 13 of the casing 1.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 9 and 10, the slip ring 21 is no longer employed as the opening and closing control means 2, but the hole plug 22 is employed as the opening and closing control means 2.

It will be appreciated from fig. 9-10 that the plug 22 shown in fig. 9 and 10 has the same feature that the plug 22 includes a plug head 221 and a plug body 222. The plug 222 is used to be engaged with the shaft hole of the first through hole 11, and controls the opening and closing of the first through hole 11 by inserting and pulling the plug into the first through hole 11. The plug head 221 is connected to the axial end of the plug body 222, and the diameter of the plug head 221 is larger than that of the plug body 222, so that when the first through hole 11 is blocked, the plug head 221 can be abutted against the outer wall of the casing 1, the axial displacement of the hole plug 22 along the first through hole 11 is limited, and the hole plug 22 is prevented from falling into the casing 1.

Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the hole plug 22 shown in fig. 9 and 10 also has a difference. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the hole plug 22 is configured as a first hole plug 22a, the cross-sections of which plug head 221 and plug body 222 are all round, and is a full hole plug that closes the entire cross-section of the first through hole 11 after being inserted into the first through hole 11; whereas in the embodiment shown in fig. 10, the plug 22 is configured as a second plug 22b, the plug head 221 and the plug body 222 of which each have a semicircular cross section, is a half-plug which, after insertion into the first through hole 11, closes half of the cross section of the first through hole 11.

It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the opening/closing control device 2 may also include the first hole plug 22a and the second hole plug 22b at the same time, so as to flexibly meet different test requirements.

Referring to fig. 11, the present invention also provides a pressure distortion simulation method, which includes:

s101, opening or closing at least part of the cross section of each first through hole 11 distributed on the side wall of the casing 1 along the circumferential direction of the casing 1 by using the opening and closing control device 2;

s102, the air flow is caused to flow into the casing 1 via the air inlet device 20 communicating with the opening 14 at one axial end of the casing 1, and is blown into the casing 1 via the first through hole 11 opened by the opening/closing control device 2 by the air blowing device 3.

Wherein in step S101, at least part of the cross section of the first through hole 11 may be opened or closed by the opening-closing control means 2, for example, according to a target pressure distortion map.

In addition, after each simulation of one working condition is completed, step S101 and step S102 can be recycled to simulate different working conditions to obtain different test results, and effective data support is provided for compatibility research of an air inlet channel and an engine of an aircraft, stability and performance evaluation research of a propulsion system and the like.

The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure distortion simulator (10), comprising:

the device comprises a casing (1), wherein a first through hole unit (1 a) is arranged on the side wall of the casing, and the first through hole unit (1 a) comprises at least two first through holes (11) distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing (1);

an opening/closing control device (2) coupled to the casing (1) and configured to control the opening/closing of at least a part of the cross section of the first through hole (11); and

and the air injection device (3) is used for injecting air into the casing (1) through the first through hole (11) when the opening and closing control device (2) controls at least part of the cross section of the first through hole (11) to be opened.

2. The pressure distortion simulation apparatus (10) according to claim 1, wherein the opening/closing control apparatus (2) includes at least one of:

a slip ring (21) rotatably arranged on the casing (1), wherein a second through hole unit (21 a) corresponding to the first through hole unit (1 a) is arranged on the side wall of the slip ring, the second through hole unit (21 a) comprises a second through hole (211), and the second through hole (211) is aligned with or staggered with the first through hole (11) in the rotating process of the slip ring (21) relative to the casing (1) so as to control the opening and closing of at least part of the cross section of the first through hole (11);

And a hole plug (22) which is matched with the first through hole (11) in a pluggable way so as to control the opening and closing of at least part of the cross section of the first through hole (11).

3. Pressure distortion simulator (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that during rotation of the slip ring (21) relative to the casing (1), the second through holes (211) in the second through hole unit (21 a) are aligned with at least part of the first through holes (11) in the first through hole unit (1 a) or the second through holes (211) in the second through hole unit (21 a) are staggered with respect to all the first through holes (11) in the first through hole unit (1 a).

4. The pressure distortion simulation apparatus (10) according to claim 2, wherein the second through holes (211) in the second through hole unit (21 a) are the same in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the first through holes (11) in the first through hole unit (1 a); alternatively, the number and/or distribution of the second through holes (211) in the second through hole unit (21 a) is different from the number and/or distribution of the first through holes (11) in the first through hole unit (1 a).

5. The pressure distortion simulation apparatus (10) according to claim 4, wherein the number of second through holes (211) in the second through hole unit (21 a) is smaller than the number of first through holes (11) in the first through hole unit (1 a).

6. The pressure distortion simulation apparatus (10) according to claim 5, wherein the number of first through holes (11) in the first through hole unit (1 a) is at least twice the number of second through holes (211) in the second through hole unit (21 a).

7. The pressure distortion simulation device (10) according to claim 2, wherein the second through holes (211) in the second through hole unit (21 a) are distributed over a complete circumferential turn of the slip ring (21), or wherein the second through holes (211) in the second through hole unit (21 a) are distributed over a partial circumferential turn of the slip ring (21).

8. The pressure distortion simulator (10) of claim 2, wherein the plug (22) comprises a plug body (222), the plug body (222) is fitted into the shaft hole of the first through hole (11), and a cross-sectional area of the plug body (222) is equal to or smaller than a cross-sectional area of the first through hole (11).

9. The pressure distortion simulation device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least two first through hole units (1 a) are arranged on a side wall of the casing (1), the at least two first through hole units (1 a) are arranged at intervals along an axial direction of the casing (1), and the opening and closing control device (2) adjusts a flow area of all or part of the first through hole units (1 a) in the at least two first through hole units (1 a).

10. The pressure distortion simulation device (10) according to claim 9, wherein the opening and closing control device (2) comprises a slip ring (21), and at least two second through hole units (21 a) are arranged on the slip ring (21), and the at least two second through hole units (21 a) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the slip ring (21) and are in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two first through hole units (1 a); or, the opening and closing control device (2) comprises at least two slip rings (21), and the at least two slip rings (21) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the casing (1) and are in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two first through hole units (1 a).

11. The pressure distortion simulation apparatus (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the air injection device (3) injects air into the inside of the casing (1) in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the casing (1).

12. The pressure distortion simulator (10) according to claim 11, wherein the air-injecting device (3) injects air into the casing (1) along a radial direction of the casing (1).

13. The pressure distortion simulator (10) of claim 11, wherein the air jet device (3) is configured to be fixed or adjustable in jet direction.

14. The pressure distortion simulator (10) according to claim 13, wherein the air jet device (3) comprises a nozzle (34), a nozzle flow passage (341) is arranged in the nozzle (34), the air jet device (3) is communicated with the first through hole (11) through the nozzle flow passage (341), and the axis of the nozzle flow passage (341) is a straight line or a broken line.

15. Pressure distortion simulation device (10) according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that the tip of the air injection device (3) is inserted into a second through hole (211) on a slip ring (21) of the opening and closing control device (2) and communicates with the first through hole (11) when the second through hole (211) is aligned with the first through hole (11).

16. Pressure distortion simulation device (10) according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that the air injection device (3) is detachably combined with the casing (1).

17. Pressure distortion simulation device (10) according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that the gas injection device (3) comprises a regulating valve (33), the regulating valve (33) being used for controlling whether the gas injection device (3) injects gas into the casing (1) and/or controlling the gas injection flow of the gas injection device (3).

18. A pressure distortion simulation system (100) comprising an air intake device (20) and a pressure distortion simulation device (10) according to any one of claims 1-17, said air intake device (20) being in communication with an opening (14) of said casing (1) at one axial end and supplying air flow to the interior of said casing (1).

19. A pressure distortion simulation method based on the pressure distortion simulation apparatus (10) of any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising:

opening or closing at least part of the cross section of each first through hole (11) circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the casing (1) along the casing (1) by using the opening and closing control device (2);

the air flow is caused to flow into the casing (1) through an air inlet device (20) communicated with an opening (14) at one axial end of the casing (1), and the air is injected into the casing (1) through a first through hole (11) opened by the opening and closing control device (2) by an air injection device (3).