CN113564431B - High-strength aluminum alloy for wheel hub and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength aluminum alloy for wheel hub and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113564431B CN113564431B CN202110915686.7A CN202110915686A CN113564431B CN 113564431 B CN113564431 B CN 113564431B CN 202110915686 A CN202110915686 A CN 202110915686A CN 113564431 B CN113564431 B CN 113564431B
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
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- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength aluminum alloy for a hub and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of alloy casting, and comprising the following raw materials in percentage: 63.00-64.00% of Al, 0.92-1.05% of Fe, 11.70-13.20% of Si, 0.012-0.018% of alterant, 2.30-2.80% of slag remover, 1.25-1.55% of covering agent and the like, and the balance of impurity metal; according to the powder sprayer for adding the slag removing agent in the preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy, the slag removing agent in the material tank is uniformly distributed in the material distribution box by the aid of the motors according to set frequency, the slag removing agent in the small box is blown into alloy liquid by high-pressure nitrogen in the gas cylinder, a quantitative and uniform powder spraying effect is achieved, the situation that the slag removing agent is not easy to control in the previous operation of adding the slag removing agent is improved, a better slag removing effect is obtained, and therefore the strength of the aluminum alloy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy casting, and particularly relates to a high-strength aluminum alloy for a hub and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The automobile aluminum alloy hub has A356 mark, and the existing furnace deslagging process of A356 series aluminum alloy is as follows: a powder sprayer with a variable amount is adopted for spraying 25kg of slag removal agent into the molten aluminum in the furnace within 10 to 15 minutes, and the slag removal agent is sprayed into the molten aluminum within the first 5 minutes due to the uncontrolled powder spraying amount of the powder sprayer, and only nitrogen is sprayed afterwards, so that the slag removal agent cannot be uniformly and effectively distributed in the molten aluminum, and a small amount of slag remains in the molten aluminum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength aluminum alloy for a hub and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a high-strength aluminum alloy for hubs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 63.00-64.00% of Al, 0.92-1.05% of Fe, 11.70-13.20% of Si, 0.35-0.40% of Mg, 0.02-0.12% of Ti, 0.02-0.06% of Cu, 0.27-0.33% of Mn, 0.05-0.12% of Zn, 0.012-0.018% of alterant, 2.30-2.80% of slag remover, 1.25-1.55% of covering agent and the balance of impurity metal; wherein the alterant is Sr alloy ingot which is prepared by smelting Al and Sr according to the mass ratio of 1: 9.5;
a preparation method of a high-strength aluminum alloy for hubs comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding A00 aluminum into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 730-750 ℃, adding a covering agent, and adding industrial silicon and Ti powder after A00 aluminum is molten by 20-30%; ti can form heterogeneous crystal nuclei in the alloy, thereby refining the alloy structure and reducing the burning loss after the melting of aluminum liquid; a00 adding magnesium and copper immediately after the aluminum is completely melted, and continuing to melt; if the metal magnesium and the metal copper are added too early, the burning loss is increased, and if the metal magnesium and the metal copper are added too late, the diffusion is influenced to generate segregation;
step two: adding modifier into the smelting furnace, heating to 800-850 ℃, and continuing smelting for 3.5-4.5 h; sr can refine flaky coarse silicon into fine tissues, improve the mechanical properties of the alloy and reduce burning loss and recession;
step three: measuring the hydrogen content of the alloy liquid by using an RH-402 hydrogen measuring instrument, wherein the hydrogen content is less than 18 multiplied by 10-6Refining is carried out; during the degassing rotation operation, the slag remover is sprayed on the surface of the alloy liquid by a powder sprayer and is stirred uniformly in a shallow degree;
the degassing rotation operation is to introduce nitrogen into the bottom of the smelting furnace through a degassing machine, to strip away hydrogen and waste residues in the alloy liquid in the nitrogen rising process, to scrape the waste residues to the smelting furnace mouth, to stand for 10-15min, to scrape the waste residues after the alloy liquid adhered to the waste residues is melted, and to carry out quenching treatment after the waste residues are completely removed; the slag removing agent is divided into two parts, and each part is sprayed after 14-16 min.
The slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: NaCl 2-5 parts, MgCl22-3 parts of Na2SiF68-10 parts of Na3AlF65-7 parts; is prepared by the following steps:
step S1: mixing NaCl and MgCl2Calcining at 600-650 ℃, grinding and mixing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, cooling, adding deionized water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixed solution for later use;
step S2: mixing Na2SiF6Grinding and crushing cryolite, adding into the mixed solution, stirring for 30min at the speed of 600r/min, evaporating to remove water, grinding into fine powder, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve.
The chlorine salt in the slag remover can damage an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum, so that the aluminum can be conveniently fused into large droplets at a higher temperature; the molecular formula of cryolite is Na2SiF6Can be decomposed into SiF after being heated4NaF and Al can generate a series of exothermic reactions, so that the temperature of the waste residue is raised, and alloy liquid on the waste residue is convenient to melt and reflux; na (Na)3AlF6Has a melting point of 1000 deg.C or higher, a large interfacial tension with the alloy liquid, and Na, which can improve the separability between the alloy liquid and the slag3AlF6 alsoCan dissolve Al2O3To improve the refining effect.
The covering agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2 parts of cryolite, 3 parts of sodium fluoride, 1 part of sodium carbonate and 2 parts of sodium sulfate; is prepared by the following steps:
pulverizing cryolite and sodium fluoride, adding deionized water, stirring at 600r/min for 30min, evaporating to remove water, adding sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate, grinding into fine powder, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
The powder sprayer comprises a track frame and a machine shell, wherein wheels matched with the track frame are arranged at the bottom of the machine shell; a cross frame is fixedly welded in the machine shell, a material tank is fixedly installed above the cross frame, a feed port is formed in the material tank, and a cover is screwed on the feed port; the side edge of the machine shell is hinged with a side door corresponding to the material tank, the top of the machine shell is fixedly provided with a first motor, a machine shaft of the first motor downwards extends into the material tank and is fixedly connected with a screw rod, and quantitative feeding is completed through rotation of the screw rod; a second motor is fixedly arranged on the cross frame, the second motor penetrates through the cross frame to be fixedly provided with a rotary table, four material distributing boxes are uniformly arranged on the rotary table in the circumferential direction, a sealing top cover is also fixedly arranged on the cross frame corresponding to the material distributing boxes, a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing top cover, and the material distributing boxes are matched with the feeding assembly to complete feeding;
the material distribution box is connected with the rotary disc in a sliding way, the side wall of the material distribution box is provided with an annular groove corresponding to the rotary disc, and a spring is arranged in the annular groove; one end of the spring props against the material distributing box, and the other end of the spring props against the rotary disc; the opening of the material distributing box is positioned at the same level as the rotary disc without external force; the bottom of the material distribution box is provided with a one-way valve which can only feed air into the material distribution box;
the feeding component comprises a gas cylinder, an electric telescopic rod, a feeding rod and a reciprocating component; the electric telescopic rod is arranged below the sealing top cover, an air inlet seat is fixed on an inner rod of the electric telescopic rod, a sealing washer is arranged in the air inlet seat, and the air inlet seat is connected and arranged with the air bottle through an air delivery pipe; a discharge channel is arranged on the sealing top cover and is communicated with the material conveying rod through a connected material conveying pipe; the other end of the material conveying rod is provided with a high-temperature-resistant metal spray head, and the material conveying rod is connected with the reciprocating assembly;
the reciprocating assembly comprises a fixed frame, and a transmission frame and a third motor are arranged on the fixed frame; the upper part of the transmission frame is rotatably connected with a row of rotating rollers, the lower part of the transmission frame is rotatably connected with a row of gears, the material conveying rod penetrates through the transmission frame, one side of the material conveying rod is meshed with the plurality of gears, and the other side of the material conveying rod is abutted against the plurality of rotating rollers; a shaft at one side of each gear extends out of the transmission frame and is in transmission connection through meshed chains; a crankshaft of the third motor is fixedly connected with a shaft of the gear positioned in the middle; the shell is provided with an opening for the material conveying rod to pass through
After the material separating box below the material tank quantitatively separates materials, the screw stops rotating and does not fall materials, the second motor drives the material box filled with the slag removing agent to rotate to the position above the air inlet seat, the electric telescopic rod extends, the air inlet seat props against the bottom of the material separating box, the spring is compressed, the opening of the material separating box props against the sealing top cover, nitrogen in the gas cylinder is pumped into the material separating box through the air inlet seat, the slag removing agent in the material separating box is blown into the material conveying rod through the sealing top cover and the material conveying pipe and then is sprayed onto the surface of the alloy liquid through the spray head; the third motor rotates positively and overturns periodically to drive the gear to rotate, and the gear drives the meshed conveying rod to move back and forth, so that the slag remover can be sprayed uniformly.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the powder sprayer for adding the slag removing agent in the preparation method of the high-strength aluminum alloy, the slag removing agent in the material tank is uniformly distributed in the material distribution box by the aid of the motors according to set frequency, the slag removing agent in the small box is blown into alloy liquid by high-pressure nitrogen in the gas cylinder, a quantitative and uniform powder spraying effect is achieved, the situation that the slag removing agent is not easy to control in the previous operation of adding the slag removing agent is improved, a better slag removing effect is obtained, and therefore the strength of the aluminum alloy is improved. The slag removing agent has better dispersity through proportioning, slag is removed twice in a quantitative powder spraying machine furnace, 25kg of slag removing agent is uniformly sprayed into the molten aluminum every 15 minutes, so that the slag removing agent is uniformly distributed in the molten aluminum in the furnace, a perfect slag removing effect is achieved, and the purity of the molten aluminum is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the powder blower of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the duster of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partially schematic view of a turntable portion of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the material tank of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the transmission assembly of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the dispensing cartridge of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a rail frame; 2. a housing; 3. a material conveying rod; 21. a first motor; 22. a material tank; 221. a screw; 23. a cross frame; 24. a second motor; 241. a turntable; 242. a material distributing box; 243. sealing the top cover; 244. a spring; 245. a one-way valve; 246. a discharge channel; 25. a gas cylinder; 251. an air inlet seat; 26. an electric telescopic rod; 27. a fixed mount; 28. a transmission frame; 281. a third motor; 282. rotating the roller; 283. a gear; 284. a chain; 31. a spray head; 32. a delivery pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1-6:
example 1
Preparing a slag remover, wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: NaCl 2 parts, MgCl22 parts of Na2SiF68 parts of Na3AlF65 parts of a mixture; the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing NaCl and MgCl2Calcining at 600 ℃, grinding and mixing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, cooling, adding deionized water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixed solution for later use;
step S2: mixing Na2SiF6Grinding and crushing cryolite, adding into the mixed solution, stirring for 30min at the speed of 600r/min, evaporating to remove water, grinding into fine powder, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve.
Example 2
Preparing a slag remover, wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: NaCl 3 parts, MgCl22 parts of Na2SiF69 portions of Na3AlF66 parts of (1); the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing NaCl and MgCl2Calcining at 600 ℃, grinding and mixing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, cooling, adding deionized water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixed solution for later use;
step S2: mixing Na2SiF6Grinding and crushing cryolite, adding into the mixed solution, stirring for 30min at the speed of 600r/min, evaporating to remove water, grinding into fine powder, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve.
Example 3
Preparing a slag remover, wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of NaCl, MgCl 23 parts of Na2SiF610 parts of Na3AlF67 parts; the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing NaCl and MgCl2At 650 deg.CCalcining, grinding and mixing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, cooling, adding deionized water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixed solution for later use;
step S2: mixing Na2SiF6Grinding and crushing cryolite, adding into the mixed solution, stirring for 30min at the speed of 600r/min, evaporating to remove water, grinding into fine powder, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve.
Example 4
Preparing a covering agent, wherein the covering agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2 parts of cryolite, 3 parts of sodium fluoride, 1 part of sodium carbonate and 2 parts of sodium sulfate; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
pulverizing cryolite and sodium fluoride, adding deionized water, stirring at 600r/min for 30min, evaporating to remove water, adding sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate, grinding into fine powder, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
Example 5
A high-strength aluminum alloy for hubs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 63.50% of Al, 1.02% of Fe, 12.60% of Si, 0.38% of Mg, 0.07% of Ti, 0.03% of Cu, 0.28% of Mn, 0.06% of Zn, 0.014% of alterant, 2.45% of slag remover, 1.33% of covering agent and the balance of impurity metal; wherein the alterant is Sr alloy ingot which is prepared by smelting Al and Sr according to the mass ratio of 1: 9.5; the slag remover is prepared in example 2; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding A00 aluminum into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 730 ℃, adding a covering agent, and adding industrial silicon and Ti powder after A00 aluminum is molten by 20%; ti can form heterogeneous crystal nuclei in the alloy, thereby refining the alloy structure and reducing the burning loss after the melting of aluminum liquid; a00 adding magnesium and copper immediately after the aluminum is completely melted, and continuing to melt;
step two: adding a modifier into the smelting furnace, heating to 800 ℃, and continuing smelting for 3.5 hours;
step three: measuring the hydrogen content of the alloy liquid by using an RH-402 hydrogen measuring instrument, wherein the hydrogen content is 10 multiplied by 10-6Refining is carried out; the refining method comprises introducing nitrogen gas into the bottom of the smelting furnace through a degassing machine, spraying slag removing agent onto the surface of the alloy liquid by a powder sprayer, and stirring the alloy liquid with shallow uniform stirring in the process of nitrogen gas risingThe waste slag is raked to a smelting furnace mouth, standing is carried out for 10-15min, after alloy liquid adhered to the waste slag is melted, the waste slag is raked out, and quenching treatment is carried out after the waste slag is completely removed; the slag removing agent is divided into two parts and is operated twice, and the spraying is finished in 14-16min each time.
Example 6
A high-strength aluminum alloy for hubs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 63.50% of Al, 1.02% of Fe, 12.60% of Si, 0.38% of Mg, 0.07% of Ti, 0.03% of Cu, 0.28% of Mn, 0.06% of Zn, 0.014% of alterant, 2.45% of slag remover, 1.33% of covering agent and the balance of impurity metal; wherein the alterant is Sr alloy ingot which is prepared by smelting Al and Sr according to the mass ratio of 1: 9.5; the slag remover is prepared in example 2; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding A00 aluminum into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 740 ℃, adding a covering agent, and adding industrial silicon and Ti powder after A00 aluminum is melted by 25%; ti can form heterogeneous crystal nuclei in the alloy, thereby refining the alloy structure and reducing the burning loss after the melting of aluminum liquid; a00 adding magnesium and copper immediately after the aluminum is completely melted, and continuing to melt;
step two: adding an alterant into the smelting furnace, heating to 830 ℃, and continuing smelting for 4 hours;
step three: measuring the hydrogen content of the alloy liquid by using an RH-402 hydrogen measuring instrument, wherein the hydrogen content is 10 multiplied by 10-6Refining is carried out; introducing nitrogen into the bottom of a smelting furnace through a degassing machine, spraying a slag removing agent onto the surface of the alloy liquid by using a powder sprayer, carrying out shallow uniform stirring on hydrogen and waste slag in the process of nitrogen rising to remove the hydrogen and the waste slag in the alloy liquid, scraping the waste slag to a smelting furnace mouth, standing for 12min, after the alloy liquid adhered to the waste slag is molten, scraping the waste slag out, and carrying out quenching treatment after the waste slag is completely removed; the slag removing agent is divided into two parts and is operated twice, and the spraying is finished every 15 min.
Example 7
A high-strength aluminum alloy for hubs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 63.50% of Al, 1.02% of Fe, 12.60% of Si, 0.38% of Mg, 0.07% of Ti, 0.03% of Cu, 0.28% of Mn, 0.06% of Zn, 0.014% of alterant, 2.45% of slag remover, 1.33% of covering agent and the balance of impurity metal; wherein the alterant is Sr alloy ingot which is prepared by smelting Al and Sr according to the mass ratio of 1: 9.5; the slag remover is prepared in example 2; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding A00 aluminum into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 750 ℃, adding a covering agent, and adding industrial silicon and Ti powder after A00 aluminum is melted by 30%; ti can form heterogeneous crystal nuclei in the alloy, thereby refining the alloy structure and reducing the burning loss after the melting of aluminum liquid; a00 adding magnesium and copper immediately after the aluminum is completely melted, and continuing to melt;
step two: adding a modifier into the smelting furnace, heating to 850 ℃, and continuing smelting for 4.5 hours;
step three: measuring the hydrogen content of the alloy liquid by using an RH-402 hydrogen measuring instrument, wherein the hydrogen content is 10 multiplied by 10-6Refining is carried out; introducing nitrogen into the bottom of a smelting furnace through a degassing machine, spraying a slag removing agent onto the surface of the alloy liquid by using a powder sprayer, carrying out shallow uniform stirring on hydrogen and waste slag in the process of nitrogen rising to remove the hydrogen and the waste slag in the alloy liquid, scraping the waste slag to a smelting furnace mouth, standing for 15min, after the alloy liquid adhered to the waste slag is molten, scraping the waste slag out, and carrying out quenching treatment after the waste slag is completely removed; the slag removing agent is divided into two parts and is operated twice, and the spraying is finished in 16min each time.
The powder sprayer comprises a track frame 1 and a casing 2, and wheels matched with the track frame 1 are arranged at the bottom of the casing 2; a cross frame 23 is fixedly welded in the shell 2, a material tank 22 is fixedly installed above the cross frame 23, a feeding hole is formed in the material tank 22, and a cover is screwed on the feeding hole; a side door is hinged to the side edge of the casing 2 corresponding to the material tank 22, a first motor 21 is fixedly mounted at the top of the casing 2, a shaft of the first motor 21 extends downwards into the material tank 22 and is fixedly connected with a screw 221, and quantitative feeding is completed through rotation of the screw 221; the transverse frame 23 is fixedly provided with a second motor 24, the second motor 24 penetrates through the transverse frame 23 to be fixedly provided with a rotary disc 241, four material distributing boxes 242 are uniformly arranged on the rotary disc 241 in the circumferential direction, the transverse frame 23 is also fixedly provided with a sealing top cover 243 corresponding to the material distributing boxes 242, sealing gaskets are arranged in the sealing top cover 243, and the material distributing boxes 242 are matched with the feeding assembly to complete feeding;
the material distributing box 242 is connected with the rotating disc 241 in a sliding mode, an annular groove is formed in the side wall of the material distributing box 242 and corresponds to the rotating disc 241, and a spring 244 is arranged in the annular groove; one end of the spring 244 is propped against the material distributing box 242, and the other end is propped against the rotating disc 241; under the condition of no external force, the opening of the material distributing box 242 is flush with the rotary disc 241; the bottom of the material distributing box 242 is provided with a one-way valve 245 which can only supply air into the material distributing box 242;
the feeding component comprises a gas cylinder 25, an electric telescopic rod 26, a material conveying rod 3 and a reciprocating component; the electric telescopic rod 26 is arranged below the sealing top cover 243, an air inlet seat 251 is fixed on an inner rod of the electric telescopic rod 26, a sealing washer is arranged in the air inlet seat 251, and the air inlet seat 251 is connected and arranged with the air bottle 25 through an air conveying pipe; the sealing top cover 243 is provided with a discharge channel 246 which is communicated with the material conveying rod 3 through a connected material conveying pipe 32; the other end of the material conveying rod 3 is provided with a high-temperature resistant metal spray head 31, and the material conveying rod 3 is connected with the reciprocating component;
the reciprocating component comprises a fixed frame 27, and a transmission frame 28 and a third motor 281 are arranged on the fixed frame 27; the upper part of the transmission frame 28 is rotatably connected with a row of rotating rollers 282, the lower part of the transmission frame 28 is rotatably connected with a row of gears 283, the material conveying rod 3 passes through the transmission frame 28, one side of the material conveying rod is meshed with a plurality of gears 283, and the other side of the material conveying rod props against a plurality of rotating rollers 282; one side shaft of each gear 283 extends out of the transmission frame 28 and is in transmission connection through a meshed chain 284; the crankshaft of the third motor 281 is fixedly connected with the shaft of the gear 283 at the middle position; the shell is provided with an opening for the material conveying rod 3 to pass through;
after the material distributing box 242 below the material tank 22 distributes materials quantitatively, the screw 221 stops rotating and does not discharge materials any more, the second motor 24 drives the material box filled with the slag removing agent to rotate to the position above the air inlet seat 251, the electric telescopic rod 26 extends, the air inlet seat 251 abuts against the bottom of the material distributing box 242, the spring 244 is compressed, the opening of the material distributing box 242 abuts against the sealing top cover 243, nitrogen in the gas cylinder 25 is pumped into the material distributing box 242 through the air inlet seat 251, the slag removing agent in the material distributing box 242 is blown into the material conveying rod 3 through the sealing top cover 243 and the material conveying pipe 32 and then is sprayed onto the surface of the alloy liquid through the spray head 31; the third motor 281 rotates positively and overturns periodically to drive the gear 283 to rotate, and the gear 283 drives the meshed material conveying rod 3 to move back and forth, so that the slag remover can be sprayed uniformly.
Comparative example 1: in the step of adding the slag remover, the powder sprayer is changed into the traditional powder sprayer, the slag remover is sprayed at one time, and the rest steps are the same as those in the embodiment 6.
The performance tests of examples 5 to 7 and comparative example 1 were carried out, and the aluminum alloys obtained in examples 5 to 7 and comparative example 1 were produced into alloy ingots having a length of 60mm, a width of 20mm and a height of 20mm, and the average yield strength and breaking strength thereof were measured, with the results shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Item | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | Comparative example 1 |
| Average yield strength/MPa | 228.70 | 228.69 | 228.77 | 216.65 |
| Breaking strength/MPa | 230.35 | 231.07 | 231.31 | 224.03 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the strength of the aluminum alloy was increased after the slag removing agent spraying operation by the improved powder spraying machine.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The high-strength aluminum alloy for the wheel hub is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 63.00-64.00% of Al, 0.92-1.05% of Fe, 11.70-13.20% of Si, 0.35-0.40% of Mg, 0.02-0.12% of Ti, 0.02-0.06% of Cu, 0.27-0.33% of Mn, 0.05-0.12% of Zn, 0.012-0.018% of alterant, 2.30-2.80% of slag remover, 1.25-1.55% of covering agent and the balance of impurity metal;
a preparation method of a high-strength aluminum alloy for hubs comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding aluminum into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 730-750 ℃, adding a covering agent, and adding industrial silicon and Ti powder after the aluminum is molten by 20-30%; a00 adding magnesium and copper immediately after the aluminum is completely melted, and continuing to melt;
step two: adding modifier into the smelting furnace, heating to 800-850 ℃, and continuing smelting for 3.5-4.5 h;
step three: at hydrogen content < 18X 10-6Degassing and rotating, spraying a slag remover on the surface of the alloy liquid by using a powder sprayer, and performing shallow uniform stirring;
the powder sprayer comprises a track frame (1) and a casing (2), wherein wheels matched with the track frame (1) are arranged at the bottom of the casing (2); a cross frame (23) is fixedly welded in the shell (2), a material tank (22) is fixedly installed above the cross frame (23), a feeding hole is formed in the material tank (22), and a cover is screwed on the feeding hole; a side door is hinged to the side edge of the casing (2) corresponding to the material tank (22), a first motor (21) is fixedly mounted at the top of the casing (2), a machine shaft of the first motor (21) extends downwards into the material tank (22) and is fixedly connected with a screw rod (221), and quantitative feeding is completed through rotation of the screw rod (221); a second motor (24) is fixedly installed on the transverse frame (23), the second motor (24) penetrates through the transverse frame (23) and is fixedly provided with a rotary disc (241), four material distributing boxes (242) are uniformly installed on the rotary disc (241) in the circumferential direction, a sealing top cover (243) is also fixedly installed on the transverse frame (23) corresponding to the material distributing boxes (242), a sealing washer is installed in the sealing top cover (243), and the material distributing boxes (242) are matched with the feeding assembly to complete feeding;
the material distributing box (242) is connected with the rotating disc (241) in a sliding mode, an annular groove is formed in the side wall of the material distributing box (242) and corresponds to the rotating disc (241), and a spring (244) is arranged in the annular groove; one end of the spring (244) is propped against the material distributing box (242), and the other end is propped against the rotating disc (241); under the condition of no external force, the opening of the material distributing box (242) is positioned at the same level as the rotary disc (241); the bottom of the material distributing box (242) is provided with a one-way valve (245) which can only supply air to the interior of the material distributing box (242);
the feeding component comprises a gas cylinder (25), an electric telescopic rod (26), a feeding rod (3) and a reciprocating component; the electric telescopic rod (26) is arranged below the sealing top cover (243), an air inlet seat (251) is fixed on an inner rod of the electric telescopic rod (26), a sealing washer is arranged in the air inlet seat (251), and the air inlet seat (251) is connected and arranged with the air bottle (25) through an air conveying pipe; a discharge channel (246) is arranged on the sealing top cover (243) and is communicated with the material conveying rod (3) through a connected material conveying pipe (32); the other end of the material conveying rod (3) is provided with a high-temperature-resistant metal spray head (31), and the material conveying rod (3) is connected with the reciprocating assembly;
the reciprocating assembly comprises a fixed frame (27), and a transmission frame (28) and a third motor (281) are arranged on the fixed frame (27); the upper part of the transmission frame (28) is rotatably connected with a row of rotating rollers (282), the lower part of the transmission frame (28) is rotatably connected with a row of gears (283), the conveying rod (3) penetrates through the transmission frame (28), one side of the conveying rod is meshed with the gears (283), and the other side of the conveying rod is propped against the rotating rollers (282); one side shaft of each gear (283) extends out of the transmission frame (28) and is in transmission connection through a meshed chain (284); the crankshaft of the third motor (281) is fixedly connected with the shaft of the gear (283) positioned at the middle position; the shell is provided with an opening for the material conveying rod (3) to pass through;
after the material distributing box (242) below the material tank (22) quantitatively distributes materials, the screw (221) stops rotating and does not fall off any more, the second motor (24) drives the material box filled with the slag removing agent to rotate to the position above the air inlet seat (251), the electric telescopic rod (26) extends, the air inlet seat (251) abuts against the bottom of the material distributing box (242), the spring (244) is compressed, the opening of the material distributing box (242) abuts against the sealing top cover (243), nitrogen in the gas cylinder (25) is pumped into the material distributing box (242) through the air inlet seat (251), the slag removing agent in the material distributing box (242) is blown into the material conveying rod (3) through the sealing top cover (243) and the material conveying pipe (32) and then is sprayed onto the surface of the alloy liquid through the spray head (31); the third motor (281) rotates forwards and overturns periodically to drive the gear (283) to rotate, and the gear (283) drives the meshed material conveying rod (3) to move back and forth.
2. The high-strength aluminum alloy for wheel hubs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modifier is an Sr alloy ingot, and the Sr alloy ingot is obtained by melting Al and Sr in a mass ratio of 1: 9.5.
3. The high-strength aluminum alloy for wheel hubs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: NaCl 2-5 parts, MgCl22-3 parts of Na2SiF68-10 parts of Na3AlF65-7 parts.
4. The high-strength aluminum alloy for wheel hubs as claimed in claim 3, wherein the slag remover is prepared by the following steps:
mixing Na2SiF6And cryolite milling powderPulverizing, adding into the mixed solution, stirring at 600r/min for 30min, evaporating to remove water, grinding into fine powder, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
5. The high-strength aluminum alloy for wheel hubs as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation of the mixed liquid comprises the following steps: mixing NaCl and MgCl2Calcining at 600-650 deg.C, grinding, mixing, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, cooling, adding deionized water, and stirring.
6. The high-strength aluminum alloy for wheel hubs according to claim 1, wherein the covering agent comprises, in parts by mass: 2 parts of cryolite, 3 parts of sodium fluoride, 1 part of sodium carbonate and 2 parts of sodium sulfate.
7. The high-strength aluminum alloy for wheel hubs as claimed in claim 6, wherein the covering agent is prepared by the steps of:
pulverizing cryolite and sodium fluoride, adding deionized water, stirring at 600r/min for 30min, evaporating to remove water, adding sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate, grinding into fine powder, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
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Effective date of registration: 20230327 Address after: No. 498, Xianning Road, Xiancun Town, Zengcheng, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000 Patentee after: GUANGZHOU LIZHONG JINSHAN ALLOY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Lizhong Jinshan (Yingde) Alloy Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 498, Xianning Road, Xiancun Town, Zengcheng, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000 Patentee before: GUANGZHOU LIZHONG JINSHAN ALLOY Co.,Ltd. |