CN113563959A

CN113563959A - High-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113563959A
Application number: CN202110852210.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周雷; 崔旭明; 黄五月
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Jiaxing Shuncheng Fine Chemical Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-27
Filing date: 2021-07-27
Publication date: 2021-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-27
Also published as: CN113563959B

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 6-10 parts of antiwear lubricant, 10-16 parts of antirust agent, 1-2 parts of chelating agent, 2-5 parts of dispersant, 10-13 parts of emulsification aid and 30-35 parts of deionized water, and belongs to the technical field of cutting fluid. The wear-resistant lubricant is obtained by taking an s-triazine heterocycle as a matrix and introducing different functional groups on the s-triazine heterocycle through nucleophilic reaction, wherein the molecules of the wear-resistant lubricant contain compact nitrogen heterocycles, and the electron cloud density in the nitrogen heterocycles is higher, so that the wear-resistant lubricant can be better adsorbed on the surface of a friction pair to form a more complete protective film; because the diethanol amine contains branched chains of carbon alkyl, the branched chains play a role of an oily group, the thickness of a protective film is increased, and two surfaces which rub against each other are separated, so that the cutting fluid can play a good lubricating protection role.

Description

High-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting fluid, in particular to high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The cutting fluid is an industrial fluid used for cooling and lubricating a cutter and a workpiece in the metal cutting and grinding process and is prepared by scientifically compounding and matching various functional additives. As an important auxiliary matching material for metal cutting processing, the metal cutting fluid can prolong the service life of a cutter and a grinding tool, improve the smoothness of a workpiece and reduce cutting and grinding forces, and has the main functions of cooling, lubricating, rust preventing and cleaning.

The cutting fluid in the scheme is prepared by adopting a brand-new method of matching a lubricant, an emulsifier and an additive, wherein the friction performance of molybdenum disulfide is mainly utilized to improve the friction reduction and wear resistance of the cutting fluid, and although the molybdenum disulfide can react with the metal surface to form a protective film, when the cutting fluid is used in a humid environment, the molybdenum disulfide can cause galvanic corrosion of the metal, aggravate the corrosion degree of the metal surface and greatly reduce the service life of a cutter and a grinding tool, so that the technical problem to be solved at present is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that the existing cutting fluid can aggravate the corrosion degree of a metal surface and reduce the service life of a cutter and a grinding tool.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 6-10 parts of antiwear lubricant, 10-16 parts of antirust agent, 1-2 parts of chelating agent, 2-5 parts of dispersant, 10-13 parts of emulsification aid and 30-35 parts of deionized water;

the high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid is prepared by the following method:

putting the corrosion inhibitor, the antiwear lubricant, the antirust agent, the chelating agent and the deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 75-80 ℃, cooling to 30 ℃, adding the dispersing agent and the emulsifying aid, continuing stirring for 1 hour, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-antiwear water-based cutting fluid.

Preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is formed by mixing mercaptobenzothiazole, benzotriazole and sodium tripolyphosphate according to the mass ratio of 1:2: 2.

Preferably, the antirust agent is formed by mixing phosphate and borate according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-2.

Preferably, the chelating agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and the dispersing agent is sodium metaphosphate.

Preferably, the emulsifying aid is formed by mixing sulfurized triglyceride and triethanolamine lauryl sulfate according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.

Preferably, the antiwear lubricant is prepared by the following method:

step 1, adding cyanuric chloride and sodium sulfide into a reaction kettle, adding a hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to be 60 ℃, heating and reacting for 10-12h, cooling, rotationally evaporating to remove a solvent, adding water into a product to dissolve, performing suction filtration, keeping filtrate to remove water in a rotary manner, placing the product in a vacuum drying box, and placing the product at room temperature for 10-12h to obtain an intermediate 1;

the reaction process is as follows:

step 2, dissolving dimethylamine in water to obtain a dimethylamine aqueous solution, placing the dimethylamine aqueous solution in an ice water bath for stirring, controlling the temperature of the dimethylamine aqueous solution to be 5 ℃, dropwise adding chloropropene and sodium hydroxide solutions into the dimethylamine aqueous solution in sequence, and after dropwise adding, stirring and reacting for 1-2h under the condition that the rotating speed is 300-500r/min to obtain an intermediate 2;

the reaction process is as follows:

step 3, adding the intermediate 2 and deionized water into a reaction kettle, adding potassium permanganate under the condition of temperature of 110-120 ℃, and performing reflux reaction for 4-5h to obtain an intermediate 3;

the reaction process is as follows:

step 4, adding the intermediate 1 and the intermediate 3 into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding concentrated sulfuric acid under the condition that the rotating speed is 300-500r/min, and reacting for 1-2h under the condition that the temperature is 80-90 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 4;

the reaction process is as follows:

and 5, adding the intermediate 4 and ethanol into a reaction kettle, stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, stirring and mixing formaldehyde and diethanol amine uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, dropwise adding the mixed solution into the reaction kettle, heating and refluxing for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 80-90 ℃, cooling, rotationally evaporating to remove the solvent, adding deionized water, performing suction filtration, keeping filtrate to remove water in a rotary manner, placing in a vacuum drying box, and placing for 10-12 hours at room temperature to obtain the wear-resistant lubricant.

The reaction process is as follows:

preferably, in the step 1, the dosage ratio of the cyanuric chloride to the sodium sulfide to the hydrochloric acid solution is 10 mL: 45-50 mL: 30ml, the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 25 percent.

Preferably, in the step 2, the dosage ratio of the dimethylamine aqueous solution, the chloropropene and the sodium hydroxide solution is 13.5 mL:10 mL of: 10mL, the dropping interval time of the chloropropene and the sodium hydroxide solution is 10min, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5 mol/L.

Preferably, in the step 3, the using amount ratio of the intermediate 2, the deionized water and the potassium permanganate is 6.5g, 80mL and 10.8 g.

Preferably, in step 4, the ratio of the amount of intermediate 1 to intermediate 2 is 1.6 g: 3.5g, wherein the using amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 20% of the mass of the intermediate 3, and the mass fraction of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 95%.

Preferably, in the step 5, the dosage ratio of the intermediate 4 to the ethanol is 3.5 g: 20mL, the mass fraction of ethanol is 46%, and the dosage ratio of formaldehyde to diethanolamine is 1 mol: 1 mol.

A preparation method of a high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:

the wear-resistant lubricant is obtained by taking an s-triazine heterocycle as a matrix and introducing different functional groups on the s-triazine heterocycle through nucleophilic reaction, wherein the molecules of the wear-resistant lubricant contain compact nitrogen heterocycles, and the electron cloud density in the nitrogen heterocycles is higher, so that the wear-resistant lubricant can be better adsorbed on the surface of a friction pair to form a more complete protective film; because the diethanol amine contains branched chains of carbon alkyl, the branched chains play a role of an oily group, the thickness of a protective film is increased, and two surfaces which rub with each other are separated, so that the cutting fluid can play a better lubricating protection role; in addition, because the diethanol amine contains a plurality of hydroxyethyl groups, after the anti-wear lubricant is applied to the cutting fluid, the hydroxyethyl groups can enable the protective film to be more firmly adsorbed on the surface of the cutting piece, and the cutting piece is protected; the wear-resistant lubricant contains sulfur element, the sulfur element reacts with metal to generate inorganic matters such as sulfide, and the sulfide with low shear stress has good extreme pressure wear-resistant and friction-reducing characteristics, so that the extreme pressure wear-resistant and friction-reducing capability of the cutting fluid is greatly improved; the antibacterial monomer is introduced into the intermediate 1, and the quaternary ammonium salt is contained in the antibacterial monomer, so that after the antifriction lubricant is applied to the cutting fluid, the quaternary ammonium salt acts on the growth process of microorganisms to effectively sterilize the microorganisms, and the antibacterial performance of the cutting fluid is improved to a certain extent.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

the antiwear lubricant is prepared by the following method:

step 1, adding 10mL of cyanuric chloride and 45mL of sodium sulfide into a reaction kettle, adding 30mL of hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to be 60 ℃, heating for reaction for 10h, cooling, rotationally evaporating to remove the solvent, adding 100mL of water into the product for dissolving, carrying out suction filtration, keeping filtrate to remove water by rotation, placing the product in a vacuum drying oven, and placing the product for 10h at room temperature to obtain an intermediate 1;

step 2, dissolving 3.5g of dimethylamine in 10mL of water to obtain a dimethylamine aqueous solution, placing the dimethylamine aqueous solution in an ice water bath for stirring, controlling the temperature of the dimethylamine aqueous solution to be 5 ℃, dropwise adding 10mL of chloropropene and 10mL of sodium hydroxide solution into 13.5mL of the dimethylamine aqueous solution at an interval of 10min, and after dropwise adding, stirring and reacting for 1h at the rotation speed of 300r/min to obtain an intermediate 2;

step 3, adding 6.5g of the intermediate 2 and 80mL of deionized water into a reaction kettle, adding 10.8g of potassium permanganate at the temperature of 110 ℃, and carrying out reflux reaction for 4 hours to obtain an intermediate 3;

step 4, adding 1.6g of the intermediate 1 and 3.5g of the intermediate 3 into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding 1.6mL of concentrated sulfuric acid under the condition that the rotating speed is 300r/min, and reacting for 1h under the condition that the temperature is 80 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 4;

and 5, adding 3.5g of the intermediate 4 and 20mL of ethanol into a reaction kettle, heating and dissolving at 40 ℃, uniformly stirring and mixing 3.2g of formaldehyde and 1.15g of diethanolamine to obtain a mixed solution, dropwise adding the mixed solution into the reaction kettle, heating and refluxing for 4 hours at 80 ℃, cooling, rotationally evaporating to remove the solvent, adding deionized water, performing suction filtration, keeping filtrate to remove water, placing in a vacuum drying oven, and placing for 10 hours at room temperature to obtain the wear-resistant lubricant.

Example 2:

the antiwear lubricant is prepared by the following method:

step 1, adding 15mL of cyanuric chloride and 60mL of sodium sulfide into a reaction kettle, adding 30mL of hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to be 60 ℃, heating for reaction for 12h, cooling, rotationally evaporating to remove the solvent, adding 120mL of water into the product for dissolving, carrying out suction filtration, keeping filtrate to remove water by rotation, placing the product in a vacuum drying oven, and placing the product for 12h at room temperature to obtain an intermediate 1;

step 2, dissolving 5.6g of dimethylamine in 20mL of water to obtain a dimethylamine aqueous solution, placing the dimethylamine aqueous solution in an ice water bath for stirring, controlling the temperature of the dimethylamine aqueous solution to be 5 ℃, dropwise adding 13mL of chloropropene and 13mL of sodium hydroxide solution into 15.6mL of the dimethylamine aqueous solution at an interval of 10min, and after dropwise adding, stirring for reacting for 2 hours at the rotation speed of 500r/min to obtain an intermediate 2;

step 3, adding 8.3g of the intermediate 2 and 100mL of deionized water into a reaction kettle, adding 12.8g of potassium permanganate at the temperature of 120 ℃, and carrying out reflux reaction for 5 hours to obtain an intermediate 3;

step 4, adding 2.6g of the intermediate 1 and 4.3g of the intermediate 3 into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding 2.1mL of concentrated sulfuric acid under the condition that the rotating speed is 500r/min, and reacting for 2 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 4;

and 5, adding 3.5g of the intermediate 4 and 20mL of ethanol into a reaction kettle, heating and dissolving at the temperature of 60 ℃, uniformly stirring and mixing 3.2g of formaldehyde and 1.15g of diethanolamine to obtain a mixed solution, dropwise adding the mixed solution into the reaction kettle, heating and refluxing for 6h at the temperature of 90 ℃, cooling, rotationally evaporating to remove the solvent, adding deionized water, performing suction filtration, keeping filtrate to remove water, placing in a vacuum drying oven, and placing for 12h at room temperature to obtain the wear-resistant lubricant.

Example 3:

the antiwear lubricant is prepared by the following method:

step 1, adding 10mL of cyanuric chloride and 50mL of sodium sulfide into a reaction kettle, adding 30mL of hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to be 60 ℃, heating for reaction for 12h, cooling, rotationally evaporating to remove the solvent, adding 100mL of water into the product for dissolving, carrying out suction filtration, keeping filtrate to remove water by rotation, placing the product in a vacuum drying oven, and placing the product for 12h at room temperature to obtain an intermediate 1;

step 2, dissolving 3.5g of dimethylamine in 20mL of water to obtain a dimethylamine aqueous solution, placing the dimethylamine aqueous solution in an ice water bath for stirring, controlling the temperature of the dimethylamine aqueous solution to be 5 ℃, dropwise adding 13mL of chloropropene and 13mL of sodium hydroxide solution into 14.5mL of the dimethylamine aqueous solution at an interval of 10min, and after dropwise adding, stirring for reacting for 2 hours at the rotation speed of 500r/min to obtain an intermediate 2;

step 3, adding 6.8g of the intermediate 2 and 90mL of deionized water into a reaction kettle, adding 12.8g of potassium permanganate at the temperature of 120 ℃, and carrying out reflux reaction for 5 hours to obtain an intermediate 3;

step 4, adding 3.5g of the intermediate 1 and 4.2g of the intermediate 3 into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding 2.1mL of concentrated sulfuric acid under the condition that the rotating speed is 500r/min, and reacting for 2 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 4;

and 5, adding 3.1g of the intermediate 4 and 15mL of ethanol into a reaction kettle, heating and dissolving at 50 ℃, uniformly stirring and mixing 4.3g of formaldehyde and 1.3g of diethanolamine to obtain a mixed solution, dropwise adding the mixed solution into the reaction kettle, heating and refluxing for 5 hours at 90 ℃, cooling, rotationally evaporating to remove the solvent, adding deionized water, performing suction filtration, keeping filtrate to remove water, placing in a vacuum drying oven, and placing for 11 hours at room temperature to obtain the wear-resistant lubricant.

Comparative example 1:

this comparative example differs from example 1 in that the antiwear lubricant was prepared without introducing intermediate 3 into the antiwear lubricant and without changing the remaining steps.

Comparative example 2:

the comparative example adopts WD-40 antirust lubricant produced by Shanghai Macroming chemical company Limited.

The lubricants obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were poured into beakers, and five identical cast iron pieces were polished and cleaned, and then immersed in the lubricants of five groups of beakers, respectively, the temperature of the beakers was set at 50 ℃, and after 3 hours, the cast iron pieces were taken out, and after being cleaned with petroleum ether, the corrosion was observed, grade a: no rust, and gloss as new; b stage: no rust but slight loss of light; c level: light rust and slight loss of gloss; d stage: heavy rust or heavy loss of light, observed as in table 1:

TABLE 1

	Example 1	Example 2	Comparative example 3	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2
						Corrosion condition of 12h	A	A	A	A	B
Corrosion condition for 24h	A	A	A	B	C
						Corrosion condition of 48h	A	A	A	C	D

As can be seen from Table 1, the lubricants of examples 1-3 are superior to the lubricants of comparative examples 1-2 in terms of corrosion for 12-48h, because the antibacterial monomer is introduced into the lubricant, and the quaternary ammonium salt in the antibacterial monomer has an effective bactericidal effect on microorganisms, so that the antibacterial performance of the cutting fluid is improved to a certain extent, and the corrosion rate of the microorganisms on the workpiece is further delayed.

Example 4:

a high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 6 parts of anti-wear lubricant in example 1, 10 parts of antirust agent, 1 part of chelating agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 10 parts of emulsifying aid and 30 parts of deionized water;

the preparation method of the high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

putting the corrosion inhibitor, the antiwear lubricant, the antirust agent, the chelating agent and the deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 75 ℃, cooling to 30 ℃, adding the dispersing agent and the emulsifying aid, continuing stirring for 1 hour, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-antiwear water-based cutting fluid.

Example 5:

a high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 6 parts of anti-wear lubricant in example 4, 10 parts of antirust agent, 1 part of chelating agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 10 parts of emulsifying aid and 30 parts of deionized water;

Comparative example 3:

the comparative example used aqueous grinding fluid produced by Guangzhou Szechwan lubrication science and technology Limited.

The cutting fluids of examples 4 to 5 and comparative example 3 were applied to a cutting experiment of a workpiece, and the grinding diameter WSD of the workpiece was tested, and the test results are shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

	Example 4	Example 5	Comparative example 3
				WSD/mm	0.55	0.56	0.72

As can be seen from table 2, the grinding diameter of the cutting fluid of examples 4 to 5 after application is significantly lower than that of the cutting fluid of comparative example 3 after application, because the cutting fluid of examples 4 to 5 uses the anti-wear lubricant, the molecules of the anti-wear lubricant contain the compact nitrogen heterocycle, and because the electron cloud density in the nitrogen heterocycle is higher, the anti-wear lubricant can be better adsorbed on the surface of the friction pair to form a more complete protective film, and the cutting fluid contains the sulfur element, which reacts with the metal to generate inorganic substances such as sulfides, and the sulfides with low shear stress have good extreme pressure, anti-wear and anti-friction characteristics, thereby greatly improving the extreme pressure, anti-wear and anti-friction capabilities of the cutting fluid.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-abrasion-resistance water-based cutting fluid is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 6-10 parts of antiwear lubricant, 10-16 parts of antirust agent, 1-2 parts of chelating agent, 2-5 parts of dispersant, 10-13 parts of emulsification aid and 30-35 parts of deionized water;

the antiwear lubricant is prepared by the following method:

step 1, adding cyanuric chloride and sodium sulfide into a reaction kettle, adding a hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, heating and reacting for 10-12h, cooling, carrying out rotary evaporation, washing with water, filtering, and taking a filter cake for vacuum drying to obtain an intermediate 1;

dissolving dimethylamine in water to obtain a dimethylamine aqueous solution, placing the dimethylamine aqueous solution in an ice-water bath for stirring, controlling the temperature of the dimethylamine aqueous solution to be 5 ℃, dropwise adding chloropropene and sodium hydroxide solution into the dimethylamine aqueous solution in sequence, and after dropwise adding, stirring for reacting for 1-2h to obtain an intermediate 2;

step 4, adding the intermediate 1 and the intermediate 3 into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding concentrated sulfuric acid, and heating for reaction for 1-2 hours to obtain an intermediate 4;

and 5, adding the intermediate 4 and ethanol into a reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, dropwise adding a mixed solution of formaldehyde and diethanol amine into the reaction kettle, heating and refluxing for 4-6h, cooling, rotary steaming, washing, filtering, and taking a filter cake for vacuum drying to obtain the anti-wear lubricant.

2. The highly wear-resistant water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the corrosion inhibitor is formed by mixing mercaptobenzothiazole, benzotriazole and sodium tripolyphosphate according to the mass ratio of 1:2: 2.

3. The highly wear-resistant water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antirust agent is formed by mixing phosphate and borate according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-2.

4. The highly wear-resistant water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chelating agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.

5. The highly wear-resistant water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dispersing agent is sodium metaphosphate.

6. The highly wear-resistant water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the emulsifying aid is formed by mixing sulfurized triglyceride and lauryl sulfate triethanolamine according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.

7. The method for producing a highly wear-resistant water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: