CN113563796B - High-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating and a preparation method thereof. The super-hydrophobic coating film prepared by the invention has higher surface flashover voltage and air flow field erosion stability, solves the technical problem that the super-hydrophobic material is applied to the electric field, and has extremely high application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of super-hydrophobic materials, and particularly relates to a high-surface flashover voltage super-hydrophobic coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of the power industry, the problems of ice coating and dirt accumulation flashover of power equipment are increasingly highlighted. The electric power equipment is used as an electric power system, and the important components of the electrified traffic bear important guarantee of national economy and public safety. The super-hydrophobic material has the characteristics of ultrahigh water drop contact angle and ultralow water drop adhesion, so that the super-hydrophobic material has important use value in the fields of self-cleaning, ice coating prevention and the like, but the creeping discharge voltage cannot meet the popularization and application in the electrical field due to the requirement on low surface energy of a filling phase and high filling content. Silicon dioxide (SiO)2) The superhydrophobic coating of the/Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) system is the most commonly used superhydrophobic coating, but to achieve the superhydrophobic property, the volume fraction of the filler phase needs to be above 40 vol%, while the introduction of silica leads toLeading to the introduction of a large number of shallow traps, which in turn leads to a large degradation of the planar flashover voltage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating and a preparation method thereof, which can introduce a deep trap on the basis of a shallow trap introduced by silicon dioxide so as to ensure the stability of surface-flashover voltage.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a preparation method of a high surface flashover voltage super-hydrophobic coating, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dispersing 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl trimethoxy silane (PTC) in an ethanol solution, and ultrasonically stirring to obtain a PTC/ethanol solution;
(2) adding the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid into the PTC/ethanol solution prepared in the step (1), ultrasonically stirring under the water bath condition, adding deionized water, uniformly stirring, performing suction filtration, drying, grinding and filtering residues to obtain hydrophobic silicon dioxide;
(3) dispersing hydrophobic silicon dioxide and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets into an organic solvent, and ultrasonically stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
(4) and (3) dissolving Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in an organic solvent, uniformly stirring by ultrasonic, adding the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) and a curing agent, continuously stirring, and spraying to obtain the high-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating.
Further, the rotation speed of ultrasonic stirring in the steps (1) to (4) is 100-300 r/min, and the ultrasonic frequency is 4000 Hz.
Further, the silica dispersion in the step (2) is prepared by the following method: dispersing silicon dioxide in ethanol, performing ultrasonic treatment and stirring to form silicon dioxide dispersion liquid.
Furthermore, the particle size of the hydrophobic silicon dioxide in the step (2) is 18-22 nm.
Further, the temperature of the water bath in the step (2) is 50-70 ℃.
Further, the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet in the step (3) is prepared by the following method:
dispersing hexagonal boron nitride in an organic solvent, ultrasonically stripping, centrifuging, immediately taking supernatant fluid for suction filtration, and drying and grinding filter residues to obtain hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets; wherein the diameter of the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet is 180-230 nm, and the thickness is 20-30 nm.
Preferably, the organic solvent in step (3) is isopropanol or NN-Dimethylformamide (DMF).
Further, in the step (3), the adding mass ratio of the hydrophobic silicon dioxide to the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets is 1: (0.5-2).
Further, the step (4) further comprises curing the sprayed coating for 24 hours at room temperature or for 20-30 min at 130-140 ℃.
The high-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating is prepared by adopting a preparation method of the high-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating.
Further, the mass ratio of the total mass of the silica nanoparticles and the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets in the high-surface-flashover-voltage superhydrophobic coating to the PDMS is 1: 1.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the high-surface flashover voltage super-hydrophobic coating provided by the invention, the binary filling phase can be spontaneously assembled by utilizing the surface energy difference, and the zero-dimensional low-surface-energy silicon dioxide can wrap the two-dimensional high-surface-energy boron nitride;
2. according to the invention, by designing the binary self-assembly filling phase, the problem that the filling phase of the super-hydrophobic coating cannot use a high-surface-energy material is solved, the added boron nitride improves the surface flashover voltage of the whole coating by 40%, and a new idea and a wider choice are provided for the selection of the filling phase of the super-hydrophobic coating;
3. the preparation method has the advantages of simple process and required equipment, low cost and easy implementation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of hydrophobic silica;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of boron nitride;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of the distribution in a binary packed phase matrix;
fig. 5 is a box plot of contact angle and surface flashover voltage for the coating.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments, which are included to explain the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a high surface flashover voltage superhydrophobic coating, including the following steps:
(1) weighing 3g of silicon dioxide, dispersing the silicon dioxide in 25mL of ethanol, performing ultrasonic treatment at the power of 4000Hz, and stirring the silicon dioxide for 30min at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form stable and uniform silicon dioxide dispersion liquid;
(2) 5mL of 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl trimethoxy silane is extracted by a liquid-transferring gun and dispersed in 25mL of ethanol, and the mixture is stirred for 10min at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form a stable and uniform PTC/ethanol solution;
(3) pouring the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid prepared in the step (1) into the PTC/ethanol solution prepared in the step (2), carrying out water bath stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃, wherein the rotation speed of the water bath stirring is 300r/min, the stirring time is 3h, 5mL of deionized water is added at the speed of 1mL/min, carrying out suction filtration on the mixed solution, drying and grinding the filtration residue to obtain hydrophobic silicon dioxide, and an SEM image of the hydrophobic silicon dioxide is shown in figure 2;
(4) dispersing hexagonal boron nitride in an isopropanol solution in a proportion of 1g/50mL, ultrasonically stripping at 4000Hz for 10h, centrifuging at 5000r/min for 15min, immediately taking supernatant, carrying out suction filtration, drying and grinding filter residues to obtain hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets, wherein an SEM image of the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets is shown in FIG. 3;
(5) dispersing 0.446g of the hydrophobic silicon dioxide prepared in the step (3) and 0.233g of the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet prepared in the step (4) in 30mL of tetrahydrofuran solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment at the power of 4000Hz and stirring and dispersing at the rotating speed of 300r/min for 1h to obtain a uniform dispersion solution;
(6) 0.67g of Dow Corning DC184 optical adhesive polydimethylsiloxane is extracted and added into 30mL of tetrahydrofuran solution, after stirring for 15min at the rotating speed of 300r/min, the uniform dispersion solution prepared in the step (5) and 0.067g of FeS are added2Adding the two phases together, continuously stirring for 10min, transferring the mixture to a spray gun for spraying, and curing the mixture at room temperature for 24h after spraying, wherein SEM distributed in a binary filling phase matrix is shown in figure 4, and the two silicon dioxide filling phases and the boron nitride filling phase are spontaneously subjected to wrapping distribution under the drive of a surface energy difference value.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high surface flashover voltage super-hydrophobic coating, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 3g of silicon dioxide, dispersing the silicon dioxide in 25mL of ethanol, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the power of 4000Hz, and stirring the silicon dioxide for 30min at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form stable and uniform silicon dioxide dispersion liquid;
(2) 5mL of PTC is extracted by a liquid-transferring gun and dispersed in 25mL of ethanol, and the mixture is stirred for 10min at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form a stable and uniform PTC/ethanol solution;
(3) pouring the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid prepared in the step (1) into the PTC/ethanol solution prepared in the step (2), carrying out water bath stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃, wherein the rotating speed of the water bath stirring is 300r/min, the stirring time is 3h, adding 5mL of deionized water at the speed of 1mL/min, carrying out suction filtration on the mixed solution, and drying and grinding the filtered residue to obtain hydrophobic silicon dioxide;
(4) dispersing hexagonal boron nitride in an isopropanol solution in a ratio of 1g/50mL, ultrasonically stripping at 4000Hz for 10 hours, centrifuging at 5000r/min for 15min, immediately taking supernatant, carrying out suction filtration, drying and grinding filter residues to obtain hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets;
(5) dispersing 0.335g of the hydrophobic silicon dioxide prepared in the step (3) and 0.335g of the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet prepared in the step (4) in 30mL of tetrahydrofuran solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment at the power of 4000Hz and stirring and dispersing at the rotating speed of 300r/min for 1h to obtain a uniform dispersion solution;
(6) 0.67g of PDMS was extracted and added toStirring the mixture for 15min at the rotating speed of 100-300 r/min in 30mL of tetrahydrofuran solution, and then mixing the uniform dispersion solution prepared in the step (5) with 0.067g of FeS2Adding the components together, continuously stirring for 10min, transferring to a spray gun for spraying, and curing at room temperature for 24 h.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 3g of silicon dioxide, dispersing the silicon dioxide in 25mL of ethanol, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the power of 4000Hz, and stirring the silicon dioxide for 30min at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form stable and uniform silicon dioxide dispersion liquid;
(2) 5ml of PTC is extracted by a liquid-transferring gun and dispersed in 25ml of ethanol, and the mixture is stirred for 10min at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form stable and uniform PTC/ethanol solution;
(3) pouring the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid prepared in the step (1) into the polydimethylsiloxane copolymer/ethanol solution prepared in the step (2), stirring in a water bath at the temperature of 60 ℃, wherein the rotation speed of the water bath stirring is 300r/min, the stirring time is 3h, 5mL of deionized water is added at the speed of 1mL/min, the mixed solution is subjected to suction filtration, and the filtration residue is dried and ground to obtain hydrophobic silicon dioxide;
(4) dispersing hexagonal boron nitride in an isopropanol solution in a ratio of 1g/50mL, ultrasonically stripping at 4000Hz for 10 hours, centrifuging at 5000r/min for 15min, immediately taking supernatant, carrying out suction filtration, drying and grinding filter residues to obtain hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets;
(5) dispersing 0.223g of the hydrophobic silicon dioxide prepared in the step (3) and 0.446g of the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet prepared in the step (4) in 30mL of tetrahydrofuran solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment at the power of 4000Hz and stirring and dispersing at the rotating speed of 300r/min for 1h to obtain a uniform dispersion solution;
(6) extracting 0.67g of PDMS, adding the PDMS into 30mL of tetrahydrofuran solution, stirring the mixture for 15min at the rotating speed of 100-300 r/min, and mixing the uniformly dispersed solution prepared in the step (5) with 0.067g of FeS2Adding the above materials together, stirring for 10min, spraying with a spray gun, and curing at 135 deg.C for 30 min.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a super-hydrophobic coating comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 3g of silicon dioxide, dispersing the silicon dioxide in 25mL of ethanol, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the power of 4000Hz, and stirring the silicon dioxide for 30min at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form stable and uniform silicon dioxide dispersion liquid;
(2) 5mL of PTC is extracted by a liquid-transferring gun and dispersed in 25mL of ethanol, and the mixture is stirred for 10min at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form a stable and uniform PTC/ethanol solution;
(3) pouring the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid prepared in the step (1) into the PTC/ethanol solution prepared in the step (2), carrying out water bath stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃, wherein the rotating speed of the water bath stirring is 300r/min, the stirring time is 3h, adding 5mL of deionized water at the speed of 1mL/min, carrying out suction filtration on the mixed solution, and drying and grinding the filtered residue to obtain hydrophobic silicon dioxide;
(4) dispersing 0.67g of the hydrophobic silicon dioxide prepared in the step (3) in 30mL of tetrahydrofuran solution, performing ultrasonic treatment at the power of 4000Hz, and stirring and dispersing at the rotating speed of 300r/min for 1h to obtain a uniform dispersion solution;
(5) 0.67g of PDMS was extracted and added to 30mL of tetrahydrofuran solution, and after stirring at 300r/min for 15min, the homogeneous dispersion solution obtained in step (5) and 0.067g of FeS were added2Adding the components together, continuously stirring for 10min, transferring to a spray gun for spraying, and curing at room temperature for 24 h.
The water contact angle test and the surface flashover voltage test were performed on the high surface flashover voltage superhydrophobic coatings prepared in examples 1 to 3 and the superhydrophobic coating prepared in comparative example 1, and the results are shown in fig. 5.
As can be seen from the box diagram in FIG. 5, the high-surface flashover voltage super-hydrophobic coating prepared by the invention has a contact angle of more than 150 degrees and a surface flashover voltage of more than 40% higher than that of the unitary-filled super-hydrophobic coating, which indicates that the invention carries out self-assembly in the matrix through designing the binary filling phase of the super-hydrophobic coating through the surface energy difference value, simultaneously ensures the super-hydrophobic performance and the high-surface flashover voltage of the coating, provides more choices for the filling phase types of the super-hydrophobic coating, provides a new idea for the structure design of the filling phase of the coating, and has extremely high application prospects.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments, it should not be construed as limited to the scope of the present patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a high-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dispersing 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl trimethoxy silane in an ethanol solution, and ultrasonically stirring to obtain a 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl trimethoxy silane/ethanol solution, wherein the volume ratio of the 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl trimethoxy silane to the ethanol solution is 1: 5;
(2) adding a silicon dioxide dispersion liquid into the 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl trimethoxy silane/ethanol solution prepared in the step (1), ultrasonically stirring and adding deionized water under a water bath condition, uniformly stirring, filtering, drying, grinding and filtering residues to prepare hydrophobic silicon dioxide, wherein the particle size of the hydrophobic silicon dioxide is 18-22 nm;
(3) dispersing hydrophobic silicon dioxide and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets into an organic solvent, and ultrasonically stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
(4) and (3) dissolving polydimethylsiloxane in an organic solvent, uniformly stirring by ultrasonic waves, adding the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) and a curing agent, continuously stirring, and spraying to obtain the high-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating.
2. The preparation method of the high-surface-flashover-voltage superhydrophobic coating according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of ultrasonic stirring in the steps (1) to (4) is 100-300 r/min, and the ultrasonic frequency is 4000 Hz.
3. The method for preparing the high surface flashover voltage superhydrophobic coating of claim 1, wherein the silica dispersion in the step (2) is prepared by: dispersing silicon dioxide in ethanol, and performing ultrasonic agitation to form silicon dioxide dispersion liquid.
4. The method for preparing the high-surface-flashover-voltage superhydrophobic coating according to claim 1, wherein the water bath temperature in the step (2) is 50-70 ℃, and the stirring time is 3-5 h.
5. The method for preparing the high-surface-flashover-voltage superhydrophobic coating according to claim 1, wherein the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets in step (3) are prepared by:
dispersing hexagonal boron nitride in an organic solvent, ultrasonically stripping, centrifuging, immediately taking supernatant fluid for suction filtration, and drying and grinding filter residues to obtain hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets; wherein the diameter of the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet is 180-230 nm, and the thickness is 20-30 nm.
6. The preparation method of the high-surface-flashover-voltage superhydrophobic coating according to claim 1, wherein the addition mass ratio of the hydrophobic silicon dioxide to the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets in step (3) is 1: (0.5-2).
7. The preparation method of the high-surface-flashover-voltage superhydrophobic coating according to claim 1, wherein the step (4) further comprises curing the sprayed coating at room temperature for 24 hours or at 130-140 ℃ for 20-30 min.
8. The high-surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating prepared by the preparation method of the surface-flashover-voltage super-hydrophobic coating according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The high surface flashover voltage superhydrophobic coating of claim 8, wherein a ratio of a total mass of the silica nanoparticles and the hexagonal boron nitride nanoplates to a mass of the polydimethylsiloxane is 1: 1.
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