CN113561804B - Electric automobile and wireless charging method, device and system thereof - Google Patents

Electric automobile and wireless charging method, device and system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113561804B
CN113561804B CN202110863566.7A CN202110863566A CN113561804B CN 113561804 B CN113561804 B CN 113561804B CN 202110863566 A CN202110863566 A CN 202110863566A CN 113561804 B CN113561804 B CN 113561804B
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charging
height
load voltage
suspension
efficiency
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CN113561804A (en
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潘志强
张明
黄敏
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Lantu Automobile Technology Co Ltd
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Lantu Automobile Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/018—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the use of a specific signal treatment or control method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/30—Height or ground clearance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/427—Voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

The invention discloses a wireless charging method of an electric automobile, which comprises the following steps: in the charging process of the electric automobile, acquiring the load voltage of a power battery; determining a target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height and the voltage-charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to the highest charging efficiency at the load voltage; transmitting the target charging height to a suspension assembly, wherein the suspension assembly is used for adjusting the body height of the electric automobile according to the target charging height; the method ensures that the electric vehicle can be always matched to a charging height with optimal efficiency in the whole charging process, thereby optimizing the overall charging efficiency.

Description

Electric automobile and wireless charging method, device and system thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to an electric automobile and a wireless charging method, device and system thereof.
Background
The wireless charging of the electric automobile belongs to non-conductive charging, and finally, the alternating current of a power grid is converted into direct current to charge a power battery through the coupling of primary and secondary coils. The wireless charging avoids the gun plugging operation of a user, and after the automatic parking system is combined, the user can realize automatic parking and charging of the vehicle only by setting the charging and starting the parking function, so that very good experience is brought.
One of the core indexes of the wireless charging system is the charging efficiency, and high charging efficiency means short charging time, small influence of system heat damage and better overall performance. Because the wireless charging system consists of a ground transmitting coil, a vehicle-mounted receiving coil and the like, the physical separation of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil inevitably affects the energy transmission efficiency. Therefore, how to improve the wireless charging efficiency of the electric automobile is a current research hot spot. For example, related art CN108621736a provides a vehicle computer whose processor is programmed to determine a target charge height from charge information received from a remote server, adjust the height of an inductive receiver in a host vehicle in accordance with the target charge height prior to an inductive charging process; and the Z-direction height is continuously adjusted in the charging process, and the optimal charging height is found through continuous try. The related art has a problem in that the optimum charge height is found by a trial and error method, and thus is not efficient in finding the optimum charge height.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electric automobile and a wireless charging method, device and system thereof, which aim to solve or partially solve the technical problem of low wireless charging efficiency of the existing electric automobile.
To solve the above technical problem, according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a wireless charging method for an electric vehicle, including:
in the charging process of the electric automobile, acquiring the load voltage of a power battery;
determining a target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height and the voltage-charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to the highest charging efficiency at the load voltage;
and sending the target charging height to a suspension assembly, wherein the suspension assembly is used for adjusting the body height of the electric automobile according to the target charging height.
Optionally, in the charging process of the electric automobile, the wireless charging method further includes:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the current charging efficiency of the wireless charging assembly and the current height of the suspension assembly.
Further, the determining the target charging height according to the mapping relationship between the load voltage and the suspension height-voltage-charging efficiency includes:
determining theoretical charging efficiency according to the load voltage, the current height and the mapping relation;
and when the current charging efficiency is smaller than the theoretical charging efficiency, determining the target charging height from the mapping relation according to the load voltage.
According to still another alternative embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a wireless charging device for an electric vehicle, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the load voltage of the power battery in the charging process of the electric automobile;
the determining module is used for determining a target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height-voltage-charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to the highest charging efficiency at the load voltage;
the sending module is used for sending the target charging height to a suspension assembly, and the suspension assembly is used for adjusting the body height of the electric automobile according to the target charging height.
Optionally, the acquiring module is configured to acquire a current charging efficiency of the wireless charging assembly and a current height of the suspension assembly;
and the determining module is used for determining the target charging height from the mapping relation according to the load voltage when the current charging efficiency is smaller than the theoretical charging efficiency.
According to a further alternative embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle controller including a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the wireless charging method according to any one of the preceding technical solutions when executing the computer program.
According to still another alternative embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electric vehicle including the above-described vehicle controller.
According to still another alternative embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a wireless charging system of an electric vehicle, the wireless charging system including: the system comprises a wireless charging assembly, a whole vehicle controller, a suspension assembly and a battery assembly; the whole vehicle controller is in communication connection with the wireless charging assembly, the suspension assembly and the battery assembly;
the vehicle controller is programmed to:
obtaining a load voltage of a power battery from the battery assembly during charging of the electric vehicle; determining a target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height and the voltage-charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to the highest charging efficiency at the load voltage; and sending the target charging height to a suspension assembly, wherein the suspension assembly is used for adjusting the body height of the electric automobile according to the target charging height.
Further, the wireless charging assembly comprises an external controller, a ground end transmitting coil, a vehicle-mounted receiving coil and a vehicle-mounted controller.
Further, the suspension assembly is an air suspension assembly.
Through one or more technical schemes of the invention, the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
the invention provides a wireless charging method of an electric automobile, which comprises the steps of collecting load voltage of a power battery in real time in the charging process of the electric automobile, determining suspension height with highest charging efficiency, which is matched with the current load voltage, from a preset mapping relation of suspension height-voltage-charging efficiency according to the current load voltage, and sending the suspension height to a suspension assembly, so that the height of the automobile body is adjusted to the optimal charging height with the highest charging efficiency; the charging height is adjusted in real time through the suspension according to the change of the load voltage in the charging process, because the Z-direction height of the vehicle influences the coupling coefficient of the receiving and transmitting coil of the wireless charging system; the charging process is accompanied by the change of the battery load voltage, so that the current load can change under the condition of maintaining the output power unchanged, thereby causing the change of the charging efficiency; in order to avoid the reduction of the charging efficiency, the optimal Z-direction height is found from the mapping relation according to the current load voltage, and the coupling coefficient of the receiving and transmitting coil can be adjusted by adjusting the charging height, so that the electric vehicle can be always matched to the charging height with the optimal efficiency in the whole charging process, and the overall charging efficiency is optimized.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a wireless charging method of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless charging system according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows a detailed flow control diagram of a wireless charging method according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless charging device of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings. Throughout the specification, unless specifically indicated otherwise, the terms used herein should be understood as meaning as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification will control. The various devices and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods unless otherwise specifically indicated.
Studies have shown that physical separation of the transmit and receive coils necessarily results in their offset in the direction X, Y. At present, a ground clearance of a chassis of a vehicle is fixed, and a receiving end of a wireless charger is hung at the bottom of the vehicle, so that a receiving coil and a transmitting coil are fixed in Z-direction height. The X, Y, Z offset and gap affect the mutual inductance of the primary and secondary coils, i.e., affect the energy transfer efficiency. In the present invention, the effect of the Z direction on the charging efficiency is focused on.
Based on the above study, the invention provides a wireless charging method of an electric automobile, which has the following overall thought:
in the charging process of the electric automobile, acquiring the load voltage of a power battery; determining a target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height and the voltage-charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to the highest charging efficiency at the load voltage; and sending the target charging height to a suspension assembly, wherein the suspension assembly is used for adjusting the body height of the electric automobile according to the target charging height.
Specifically, the principle of the scheme is that in the charging process of the electric automobile, the load voltage of the power battery is collected in real time, then the suspension height with the highest charging efficiency, which is matched with the current load voltage, is determined from the preset mapping relation of the suspension height, the voltage and the charging efficiency according to the current load voltage, and then the suspension height is sent to the suspension assembly, so that the automobile body height is adjusted to the optimal charging height with the highest charging efficiency; the charging height is adjusted in real time through the suspension according to the change of the load voltage in the charging process, because the Z-direction height of the vehicle influences the coupling coefficient of the receiving and transmitting coil of the wireless charging system; the charging process is accompanied by the change of the battery load voltage, so that the current load can change under the condition of maintaining the output power unchanged, thereby causing the change of the charging efficiency; in order to avoid the reduction of the charging efficiency, the optimal Z-direction height is found from the mapping relation according to the current load voltage, and the coupling coefficient of the receiving and transmitting coil can be adjusted by adjusting the charging height, so that the electric vehicle can be always matched to the charging height with the optimal efficiency in the whole charging process, and the overall charging efficiency is optimized.
Compared with the prior art CN108621736A, the method and the device have the advantages that different heights are tried continuously in the charging process, and the scheme of the optimal charging height is found, and because the mapping relation is predetermined, the repeated trying of different charging heights in the charging process is not needed, so that the mode of improving the charging efficiency is simplified and is more efficient.
In the following, the above-described aspects will be further described in connection with specific embodiments.
In an alternative embodiment, the above scheme is applied to a vehicle controller (Vehicle Control Unit, VCU), and as illustrated in fig. 1, the wireless charging method includes:
s1: and in the charging process of the electric automobile, acquiring the load voltage of the power battery.
Specifically, the electric automobile is provided with a power battery pack and a battery management system (Battery Management System BMS), the battery management system is in communication connection with the VCU through a CAN bus, and the VCU CAN acquire the current load voltage of the power battery from the BMS at any time.
S2: determining a target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height and the voltage-charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to a highest charging efficiency at the load voltage.
Specifically, the mapping relationship between the suspension height and the voltage-charging efficiency, also called as a Z-V-E table, can be determined in advance through calibration in a bench test; where Z represents the suspension height, i.e., the Z-direction height of the suspension, V represents the load voltage of the power cell, and E represents the charging efficiency of the wireless charging assembly or system. Specifically, in the charging process, according to the obtained current load voltage of the power battery, a target charging height, namely a charging height matched with the current load voltage and having the best charging efficiency, is determined from the Z-V-E table. For example, when the power battery is charged to 780V, the target charging height matching the current voltage and having the best charging efficiency is 180mm according to the Z-V-E table; and the target charge height matching the current voltage and having the best charge efficiency is 185mm when the power battery is charged to 790V.
S3: and sending the target charging height to a suspension assembly, wherein the suspension assembly is used for adjusting the body height of the electric automobile according to the target charging height.
After determining the target charge level, the VCU sends it to the suspension assembly, or suspension system. The target charging height is the target Z-direction height to be adjusted by the suspension system, and the suspension system firstly obtains the actual height Z in the current state 0 And then determining an actual adjustment quantity delta Z 'according to the target charging height Z, adjusting the height of the vehicle body according to the delta Z', or adjusting the Z-direction height of the vehicle, so that the electric vehicle charges at the target charging height, and adjusting the coupling system of the receiving and transmitting coil by adjusting the charging height to ensure that the charging efficiency of the wireless charging system is kept optimal in the whole charging process.
In the above method, the charging height is adjusted in real time during the whole charging process, and in actual implementation, in order to reduce the adjustment times while not reducing the overall charging efficiency as much as possible, it is considered to readjust the charging height when the charging efficiency is reduced.
Thus, alternatively, the above scheme may be implemented as follows:
in the charging process of the electric automobile, acquiring the current charging efficiency of a wireless charging assembly and the current Z-direction height of the suspension assembly; determining theoretical charging efficiency according to the load voltage, the current Z-direction height and the mapping relation; and when the current charging efficiency is smaller than the theoretical charging efficiency, determining the target charging height from the mapping relation according to the load voltage.
Specifically, the VCU obtains a current Z-height, i.e., a current charge height, from the suspension; the wireless charging assembly calculates the charging efficiency in real time in the charging process, so that the VCU can obtain the current charging efficiency from the wireless charging assembly, then obtains the theoretical charging efficiency corresponding to the current charging height by checking the mapping relation table, and then compares the current charging efficiency with the theoretical charging efficiency, and if the current charging efficiency is lower than the theoretical charging efficiency, the charging efficiency is more reduced at the moment, and the charging height needs to be adjusted; finding a target charging height with highest charging efficiency, which is matched with the current load voltage, from the mapping relation according to the load voltage of the current power battery; if the current charging efficiency is not lower than the theoretical charging efficiency, even if the current charging efficiency is not the optimal charging efficiency of the current voltage, the current charging efficiency is not different from the optimal charging efficiency, and the adjustment can be omitted, so that the improvement of the overall charging efficiency is ensured while the adjustment times of the charging height in the charging process are reduced.
In general, the embodiment provides a wireless charging method for an electric vehicle, which can ensure that the electric vehicle can always be matched with a charging height with optimal efficiency in the whole charging process by continuously adjusting the height or the gap between the receiving and transmitting coils of the wireless charger in the charging process, so that the overall charging efficiency is optimized.
In the following embodiment, the above scheme will be described in connection with a specific application of a certain vehicle type
The scheme of the whole wireless charging system of a certain vehicle type is shown in fig. 2, and the whole system comprises a wireless charging assembly (Wireless Power Transfer, WPT), a whole vehicle controller VCU, a Suspension assembly (comprising an Air Suspension system and a controller) and a battery assembly (comprising a battery management system BMS and a power battery Pack). The wireless charging assembly consists of an external controller, a ground end transmitting coil, a vehicle-mounted receiving coil and a vehicle-mounted controller, and a power system of the electric automobile is an 800V system. The vehicle-mounted controller of the wireless charging assembly comprises a PFC module, an LCC-LCC module and a control unit, and is communicated with the vehicle-mounted controller through WIFI. The vehicle-mounted controller, VCU, air Suspension and BMS of the wireless charging assembly communicate through a CAN bus. The output voltage range of the wireless charger is 550V-810V, and the full power is 11kw. The Z-direction height of the vehicle-mounted receiving coil of the wireless charging assembly and the transmitting coil of the ground terminal is designed to be 180mm, the charging height is adjusted up and down in the charging process through an air suspension system, and the adjusting range of the air suspension system is +/-50 mm.
The VCU is used as a main control unit of the whole vehicle charging system, and in order to realize the adjustment of the Z-direction height of the vehicle in the charging process, the VCU needs to comprehensively adjust the Z-direction height of the Air Suspension system according to the WPT charging power, the PACK voltage, the current Z-direction height of the Air Suspension, the Z-V-E mapping relation and the charging efficiency. Fig. 3 shows a complete method flow for adjusting the altitude from the start of the wireless charging of the vehicle to the charging process, specifically as follows:
the method comprises the steps that a user starts to prepare wireless charging, and a VCU receives a wireless charging request of the user;
the VCU requests high voltage on the BMS;
the BMS receives a high-voltage instruction on the VCU, closes a relay and continuously feeds back PACK voltage to the VCU;
VCU requests WPT to start fault detection;
the WPT receives a fault detection instruction of the VCU and starts fault detection; after detecting no fault, the WPT feeds back a charging Ready state to the VCU;
the VCU requests the WPT to start charging according to the Ready state;
the WPT enters a charging state, outputs charging power, calculates current charging efficiency and feeds back the current charging efficiency to the VCU;
during the charging process, VCU compares the current charging efficiency with the theoretical charging efficiency in the Z-V-E mapping relation (table); if the current charging efficiency is smaller than the theoretical charging efficiency, the VCU inquires a Z-V-E table according to the current load voltage of the PACK to obtain a target charging height Z, and sends an adjusting instruction carrying the target charging height Z to the air suspension system;
the air suspension system receives an adjusting instruction of the VCU, and according to the target charging height Z and the current height Z 0 The current actual adjustment amount deltaz ' is determined, the vehicle body height at that time is adjusted according to deltaz ', and deltaz ' is fed back to the VCU.
According to the same inventive concept as the previous embodiment, in yet another alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, there is provided a wireless charging device of an electric vehicle, comprising:
an obtaining module 10, configured to obtain a load voltage of a power battery during a charging process of the electric vehicle;
a determining module 20, configured to determine a target charging height according to the load voltage and a mapping relationship between suspension height and voltage and charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to the highest charging efficiency at the load voltage;
and a transmitting module 30, configured to transmit the target charging height to a suspension assembly, where the suspension assembly is configured to adjust a body height of the electric vehicle according to the target charging height.
Optionally, the acquiring module 10 is configured to acquire a current charging efficiency of the wireless charging system and a current Z-height of the suspension assembly;
the determining module 20 is configured to determine the target charging height from the mapping relationship according to the load voltage when the current charging efficiency is less than the theoretical charging efficiency.
According to the same inventive concept as the previous embodiments, in a further alternative embodiment, a vehicle control unit is provided, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the wireless charging method of any of the previous embodiments when executing the computer program.
According to the same inventive concept as the previous embodiments, in yet another alternative embodiment, an electric vehicle is provided, which includes the whole vehicle controller of the previous embodiments.
Through one or more embodiments of the present invention, the present invention has the following benefits or advantages:
the invention provides a wireless charging method of an electric automobile, which comprises the steps of collecting load voltage of a power battery in real time in the charging process of the electric automobile, determining suspension height with highest charging efficiency, which is matched with the current load voltage, from a preset mapping relation of suspension height-voltage-charging efficiency according to the current load voltage, and sending the suspension height to a suspension assembly, so that the height of the automobile body is adjusted to the optimal charging height with the highest charging efficiency; the charging height is adjusted in real time through the suspension according to the change of the load voltage in the charging process, because the Z-direction height of the vehicle influences the coupling coefficient of the receiving and transmitting coil of the wireless charging system; the charging process is accompanied by the change of the battery load voltage, so that the current load can change under the condition of maintaining the output power unchanged, thereby causing the change of the charging efficiency; in order to avoid the reduction of the charging efficiency, the optimal Z-direction height is found from the mapping relation according to the current load voltage, and the coupling coefficient of the receiving and transmitting coil can be adjusted by adjusting the charging height, so that the electric vehicle can be always matched to the charging height with the optimal efficiency in the whole charging process, and the overall charging efficiency is optimized.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to cover such modifications and variations.

Claims (7)

1. A wireless charging method for an electric vehicle, the wireless charging method comprising:
in the charging process of the electric automobile, acquiring the load voltage of a power battery;
determining a target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height and the voltage-charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to the highest charging efficiency at the load voltage;
transmitting the target charging height to a suspension assembly, wherein the suspension assembly is used for adjusting the body height of the electric automobile according to the target charging height;
in the charging process of the electric automobile, the wireless charging method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the current charging efficiency of the wireless charging assembly and the current height of the suspension assembly;
the determining the target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height-voltage-charging efficiency comprises the following steps:
determining theoretical charging efficiency according to the load voltage, the current height and the mapping relation;
and when the current charging efficiency is smaller than the theoretical charging efficiency, determining the target charging height from the mapping relation according to the load voltage.
2. A wireless charging device for an electric vehicle, the wireless charging device comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the load voltage of the power battery in the charging process of the electric automobile;
the determining module is used for determining a target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height-voltage-charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to the highest charging efficiency at the load voltage;
the transmitting module is used for transmitting the target charging height to a suspension assembly, and the suspension assembly is used for adjusting the body height of the electric automobile according to the target charging height;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the current charging efficiency of the wireless charging assembly and the current height of the suspension assembly;
the determining the target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height-voltage-charging efficiency comprises the following steps: determining theoretical charging efficiency according to the load voltage, the current height and the mapping relation;
and the determining module is used for determining the target charging height from the mapping relation according to the load voltage when the current charging efficiency is smaller than the theoretical charging efficiency.
3. A vehicle control unit comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the wireless charging method of claim 1 when the computer program is executed by the processor.
4. An electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a complete vehicle controller according to claim 3.
5. A wireless charging system for an electric vehicle, the wireless charging system comprising: the system comprises a wireless charging assembly, a whole vehicle controller, a suspension assembly and a battery assembly; the whole vehicle controller is in communication connection with the wireless charging assembly, the suspension assembly and the battery assembly;
the vehicle controller is programmed to:
obtaining a load voltage of a power battery from the battery assembly during charging of the electric vehicle; determining a target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height and the voltage-charging efficiency; the target charging height is a suspension height corresponding to the highest charging efficiency at the load voltage; transmitting the target charging height to a suspension assembly, wherein the suspension assembly is used for adjusting the body height of the electric automobile according to the target charging height;
acquiring the current charging efficiency of a wireless charging assembly and the current height of the suspension assembly in the charging process of the electric automobile;
the determining the target charging height according to the mapping relation between the load voltage and the suspension height-voltage-charging efficiency comprises the following steps: determining theoretical charging efficiency according to the load voltage, the current height and the mapping relation;
and when the current charging efficiency is smaller than the theoretical charging efficiency, determining the target charging height from the mapping relation according to the load voltage.
6. The wireless charging system of claim 5, wherein the wireless charging assembly comprises an off-board controller, a ground-side transmitting coil, an on-board receiving coil, and an on-board controller.
7. The wireless charging system of claim 5, wherein the suspension assembly is an air suspension assembly.
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