CN113561780B - High-voltage power distribution system, control method of high-voltage power distribution system and vehicle - Google Patents
High-voltage power distribution system, control method of high-voltage power distribution system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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Abstract
The application provides a high-voltage power distribution system, a control method and a vehicle, wherein the high-voltage power distribution system comprises an active balancing bridge arm circuit and a total negative switch piece, the total negative switch piece is connected between a negative electrode of a high-voltage battery and a load, the active balancing bridge arm circuit comprises a balancing resistor and a balancing switch piece which are connected in series, a first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a battery end of the total negative switch piece, and a second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a load end of the total negative switch piece; the high-voltage power distribution system further comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit is used for controlling the balance switch piece to be closed when the total negative switch piece is in an open state, and controlling the total negative switch piece to be closed when the active balance bridge arm circuit meets balance conditions. According to the high-voltage power distribution system, the control method and the vehicle, the two ends of the total negative switch piece are connected with the active balance bridge arm circuit in parallel, so that the generation of electromagnetic interference can be reduced or even eliminated, the reliability can be improved, and the hardware cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of new energy automobile power, in particular to a high-voltage power distribution system, a control method of the high-voltage power distribution system and a vehicle.
Background
The new energy automobile power battery provides high-voltage electricity for loads such as motors through direct-current high-voltage power distribution, and the high-voltage power distribution adopts a direct-current relay to control on-off of high-voltage power supply. Because the power battery and the load have higher parasitic common-mode capacitance, higher pressure difference exists at two ends of the relay in an open state, when the relay is closed, huge surge current is generated, electromagnetic interference can be caused, and the normal operation of a control circuit of the new energy automobile is influenced when the relay is serious.
The existing high-voltage power distribution of the new energy automobile does not consider measures for inhibiting or reducing electromagnetic interference, and the interference problem is usually solved by enhancing the anti-interference measures of the control circuit, so that the overall hardware cost is increased. How to restrain electromagnetic interference so as to ensure the reliable operation of a control circuit, reduce the hardware cost of anti-interference measures of the control circuit, achieve the effects of reducing cost and improving efficiency, and be a key technical direction of the high-voltage power distribution control research of new energy automobiles.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a high-voltage power distribution system, a control method of the high-voltage power distribution system and a vehicle, which can solve or relieve the technical problem that electromagnetic interference is generated during high-voltage power distribution to influence the reliability of an automobile control circuit.
In one aspect, the present application provides a high-voltage power distribution system, specifically, the high-voltage power distribution system includes an active balancing bridge arm circuit and a total negative switch element, the active balancing bridge arm circuit includes a balancing resistor and a balancing switch element connected in series, a first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected to a battery end of the total negative switch element, and a second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected to a load end of the total negative switch element;
the high-voltage power distribution system further comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit is used for controlling the balance switch piece to be closed when the total negative switch piece is in an open state, and controlling the total negative switch piece to be closed when the active balance bridge arm circuit meets balance conditions.
Optionally, the actively balancing bridge arm circuit meeting the balancing condition includes: and the closing time of the balance switch piece in the active balance bridge arm circuit is not less than a balance time threshold.
Optionally, the balance time threshold is determined according to a discharge time constant, wherein the discharge time constant is obtained according to a capacitance value of a parasitic capacitance of a battery terminal of the total negative switching element and a resistance value of the balance resistor.
Optionally, the actively balancing bridge arm circuit meeting the balancing condition includes: the bridge arm voltage between the first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit and the second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is smaller than or equal to a bridge arm voltage threshold.
Optionally, the high-voltage distribution system includes a voltage detection unit, where the voltage detection unit is configured to detect the bridge arm voltages at two ends of the active balancing bridge arm circuit when the balancing switch element is closed, and send a bridge arm voltage standard reaching signal to the control unit when the bridge arm voltage is less than or equal to the bridge arm voltage threshold, so that the control unit controls the total negative switch element to be closed according to the bridge arm voltage standard reaching signal.
Optionally, the high-voltage power distribution system further comprises a total positive switch element, wherein the total positive switch element is connected between the positive electrode of the high-voltage battery and the load, and the control unit is further used for controlling the total positive switch element to be closed after the total negative switch element is closed.
Optionally, the high-voltage power distribution system further comprises a series-connected pre-charging circuit, wherein the pre-charging circuit is connected with the total positive switch element in parallel and comprises a pre-charging switch element and a pre-charging resistor which are connected in series;
the control unit is also used for controlling the pre-charging switch piece to be closed before the total positive switch piece is closed.
Optionally, the high-voltage power distribution system further comprises an active bleeder bridge arm circuit, wherein the active bleeder bridge arm circuit comprises a bleeder resistor and a bleeder switch element which are connected in series, a first end of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit is connected with a battery end of the total negative switch element, and a second end of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit is grounded;
the control unit is also used for controlling the closing of the bleeder switch piece when the total negative switch piece is in an open state so as to bleeder the voltage at two ends of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit.
On the other hand, the application also provides a control method of the high-voltage power distribution system, specifically, the high-voltage power distribution system comprises an active balancing bridge arm circuit and a total negative switch piece, the total negative switch piece is connected between a negative electrode of a high-voltage battery and a load, the active balancing bridge arm circuit comprises a balancing resistor and a balancing switch piece which are connected in series, a first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a battery end of the total negative switch piece, and a second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a load end of the total negative switch piece, and the control method comprises:
when the main negative switch piece is in an open state, controlling the balance switch piece to be closed;
and when the active balance bridge arm circuit meets balance conditions, controlling the total negative switch piece to be closed.
In another aspect, the present application also provides a vehicle, in particular comprising a high voltage power distribution system as described above.
As described above, the high-voltage power distribution system, the control method of the high-voltage power distribution system and the vehicle provided by the application can reduce or even eliminate electromagnetic interference from the optimization angle of high-voltage power distribution control by connecting the active balance bridge arm circuits at the two ends of the total negative switch piece in parallel, so that the hardware cost of the anti-interference measure of the control circuit can be reduced on the basis of improving the reliability of the new energy automobile, the effects of reducing the cost and improving the efficiency are achieved, and the service life of the total negative switch piece is effectively prolonged.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application. In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a high-voltage power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of a high-voltage power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a balanced discharging parasitic capacitance when the balanced switch element of an embodiment of the present application is closed.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of a high voltage power distribution system according to another embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit and connection relationship diagram of an active bleeder bridge arm circuit and an active balancing bridge arm circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments, referring to the attached drawings. Specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in more detail. These drawings and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any way, but to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the accompanying claims.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element, and furthermore, elements having the same name in different embodiments of the present application may have the same meaning or may have different meanings, a particular meaning of which is to be determined by its interpretation in this particular embodiment or by further combining the context of this particular embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a high-voltage power distribution system according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the high voltage power distribution system includes a total negative switch element S1 and an active balancing leg circuit 10. The total negative switching element S1 is connected between the negative pole of the high-voltage battery B and the load RL.
The active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 includes a balancing resistor RB and a balancing switch SB connected in series. The first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 is connected with the battery end of the total negative switch piece S1, namely the negative electrode of the high-voltage battery B, and the second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 is connected with the load end of the total negative switch piece S1. The balancing switch SB and the balancing resistor RB are sequentially connected in series between the battery terminal of the total negative switch S1 and the load terminal of the total negative switch S1. In other embodiments, the balancing resistor RB and the balancing switch SB may be sequentially connected in series between the battery terminal of the total negative switch S1 and the load terminal of the total negative switch S1, which is not limited in this application.
In this embodiment, the high-voltage power distribution system further includes a control unit (not shown in fig. 1), where the control unit is configured to control the balancing switch SB to be closed when the total negative switch S1 is in an open state, and control the total negative switch S1 to be closed when the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 meets a balancing condition.
Specifically, in the high-voltage power distribution system, because of the high parasitic common-mode capacitance of the high-voltage battery B and the load RL, a high voltage difference exists between two ends of the total negative switch element S1 in an open state, and when the total negative switch element S is closed, a huge surge current is generated, which causes electromagnetic interference. Therefore, in this embodiment, by setting the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10, and when the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 satisfies the balancing condition, the total negative switch element S1 is controlled to be closed. Specifically, for example, the bridge arm voltage between the first end and the second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 is directly detected, and when the bridge arm voltage between the first end and the second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 is less than or equal to the bridge arm voltage threshold, it is determined that the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 meets the balancing condition, and the total negative switch element S1 is controlled to be closed. Or when the closing time of the balance switch SB in the active balance bridge arm circuit 10 is not less than the balance time threshold, judging that the active balance bridge arm circuit 10 meets the balance condition, and controlling the total negative switch S1 to be closed. That is, whether the voltages across the total negative switching element S1 are balanced or not may be determined by directly detecting the voltages or by indirectly estimating the closing time period, and specific implementation details of the two methods will be described later.
In this embodiment, the high-voltage power distribution system may further include a total positive switching element S2, and the total positive switching element S2 is connected between the positive electrode of the high-voltage battery B and the load RL.
In this embodiment, the high voltage power distribution system may further include a precharge circuit 20, where the precharge circuit 20 is connected in parallel to both ends of the total positive switching element S2, and the precharge circuit 20 includes a precharge switching element S3 and a precharge resistor R5 connected in series.
Specifically, in the process of powering up the high-voltage power distribution system, in order to form effective protection for the system, before the total positive switch piece S2 is closed, the pre-charging switch piece S3 is closed first, so that the current-limiting pre-charging function of the pre-charging resistor R5 is utilized, and thus, a large current surge that the total positive switch piece S2 is instantaneously conducted when being closed is avoided. Thus, for the power-up process of the high voltage power distribution system, the combined use of the total negative switch S1, the total positive switch S2 and the pre-charge switch S3 may comprise the following two closing sequences, respectively:
1 st closing sequence: firstly the total negative switch S1 is closed, secondly the pre-charge switch S3 is closed, and finally the total positive switch S2 is closed.
2 nd closing order: firstly, the pre-charge switch S3 is closed, secondly the total negative switch S1 is closed, and finally the total positive switch S2 is closed.
In the high-voltage power distribution system of the present embodiment, after adding the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10, referring to the above-described 1 st closing order and 2 nd closing order, respectively, the combined use of the balancing switch SB, the total negative switch S1, the total positive switch S2, and the pre-charging switch S3 can be extended to include the following three closing orders:
1 st to 1 st closure sequence: balance switch SB-total negative switch S1-pre-charge switch S3-total positive switch S2.
2-1 closure order: prefill switch S3-balanced switch SB-total negative switch S1-total positive switch S2.
2-2 closure order: balance switch SB-pre-charge switch S3-total negative switch S1-total positive switch S2.
The working principle of the present application will be described in detail with reference to specific circuit diagrams. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in the high voltage power distribution system, a first parasitic capacitor C1 and a first insulation resistor R1 are parasitic between the battery terminal of the total positive switch S2 and the ground, and a second parasitic capacitor C2 and a second insulation resistor R2 are parasitic between the battery terminal of the total negative switch S1 and the ground. A third parasitic capacitance C3 and a third insulation resistance R3 are parasitic between the load terminal of the total positive switching element S2 and ground. The fourth parasitic capacitance C4 and the fourth insulation resistance R4 are parasitic between the load terminal of the total negative switching element S1 and ground.
In the high-voltage distribution system of the vehicle, the first parasitic capacitance C1, the first insulation resistance R1, the second parasitic capacitance C2, the second insulation resistance R2, the third parasitic capacitance C3, the third insulation resistance R3, the fourth parasitic capacitance C4, and the fourth insulation resistance R4 correspond to low-impedance connection to the vehicle body ground. The capacitance value of the first parasitic capacitor C1 is C1, the resistance value of the first insulation resistor R1 is R1, the capacitance value of the second parasitic capacitor C2 is C2, the resistance value of the second insulation resistor R2 is R2, the capacitance value of the third parasitic capacitor C3 is C3, the resistance value of the third insulation resistor R3 is R3, the capacitance value of the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 is C4, and the resistance value of the fourth insulation resistor R4 is R4. Thus, the battery terminal of the total positive switch S2 parasitizes a first parasitic voltage to ground and the battery terminal of the total negative switch S1 parasitizes a second parasitic voltage to ground. Due to the presence of the high voltage battery B, the first parasitic voltage is opposite to the second parasitic voltage in potential direction. The load side of the total positive switch S2 parasitizes a third parasitic voltage to ground and the load side of the total negative switch S1 parasitizes a fourth parasitic voltage to ground. In the voltage analysis of the present application, the ground of the vehicle was set to zero potential.
Specifically, in the 1 st-1 st closing sequence, before the balance switch SB and the total negative switch S1 are closed, the first parasitic voltage is U1, and u1=uχr1/(r1+r2), the second parasitic voltage is U2, and u2= -U x r 2/(r1+r2), the third parasitic voltage is U3, and u3=0, and the fourth parasitic voltage is U4, and u4=0, where U is the voltage across the high-voltage battery B, and U1 is the voltage to ground of the positive electrode of the high-voltage battery B, and is also the voltage across the first parasitic capacitor C1. U2 is the voltage to ground of the negative electrode of the high-voltage battery B, and is also the voltage across the second parasitic capacitor C2. U3 is the voltage to ground at the positive terminal of the load RL and is also the voltage across the third parasitic capacitance C3. U4 is the voltage to ground at the negative terminal of the load RL and is also the voltage across the fourth parasitic capacitance C4. Therefore, at this time, the voltage of the common terminal of the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the high voltage battery B to ground is-u×r2/(r1+r2), and the voltage of the common terminal of the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 and the load RL to ground is 0. Therefore, after the balance switch SB is closed and before the total negative switch S1 is closed, the voltage difference across the total negative switch S1 is also reduced due to the connection of the balance resistor RB to the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the fourth parasitic capacitor C4, and the electric quantity stored in the second parasitic capacitor C2 will be charged into the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 under the current limit of the balance resistor RB, so that the voltage across the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the voltage across the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 tend to be close.
In the 2-1 closing sequence, the first parasitic capacitance C1 charges the third parasitic capacitance C3 and the fourth parasitic capacitance C4 before the balance switch SB and the total negative switch S1 are closed after the precharge switch S3 is closed. Because the pre-charging resistor R5 is connected in series in the charging loop, the surge current generated at the closing moment of the pre-charging switch piece S3 is relatively small, the electromagnetic interference is small, and the approximate voltage relationship after the voltage is stable is as follows:
U3＝U4＝U1；
the difference between the two end differential voltages of the second parasitic voltage and the fourth parasitic voltage immediately before the balance switch SB is closed is:
U4-U2＝U1-U2＝U*r1/(r1+r2)+U*r2/(r1+r2)＝U；
at this time, the voltage of the common terminal of the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the high-voltage battery B to ground is-u×r2/(r1+r2), and the voltage of the common terminal of the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 and the load RL to ground is u×r1/(r1+r2). At this time, the second parasitic capacitance C2 is opposite to the potential direction across the fourth parasitic capacitance C4. Therefore, after the balance switch SB is closed and before the total negative switch S1 is closed, the electric quantity stored in the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the electric quantity stored in the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 will be released under the current limiting of the balance resistor RB due to the connection of the balance resistor RB to the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the fourth parasitic capacitor C4, so as to achieve voltage balance. Whereby the voltage of the common terminal of the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the high voltage battery B to ground and the voltage of the common terminal of the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 and the load RL to ground can tend to approach, and the voltage difference across the total negative switching element S1 can also be reduced.
In the 2 nd-2 th closing sequence, before the precharge switch S3 is closed, the first parasitic voltage u1=uxr1/(r1+r2), the second parasitic voltage u2= -uxr 2/(r1+r2), the third parasitic voltage u3=0, and the fourth parasitic voltage u4=0. Therefore, at this time, the voltage of the common terminal of the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the high voltage battery B to ground is-u×r2/(r1+r2), and the voltage of the common terminal of the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 and the load RL to ground is 0. Therefore, after the balance switch SB is closed and before the total negative switch S1 is closed, the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 are connected by the balance resistor RB, and the electric quantity stored in the second parasitic capacitor C2 charges the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 under the current limitation of the balance resistor RB. It can be seen that the voltage across the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the voltage across the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 tend to approach each other, and the voltage difference across the total negative switch S1 can be reduced. After the precharge switch S3 is closed, the first parasitic capacitance C1 charges the third parasitic capacitance C3 and the fourth parasitic capacitance C4 before the total negative switch S1 is closed. Because the pre-charging resistor R5 is connected in series in the charging loop, the surge current generated at the closing moment of the pre-charging switch piece S3 is relatively small, and the electromagnetic interference is small. Therefore, the voltage between the common terminal of the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 and the load RL and ground should tend to u×r1/(r1+r2). However, at this time, the balance resistor RB is connected between the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the fourth parasitic capacitor C4, the voltage between the common terminal of the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the high voltage battery B and the voltage between the common terminal of the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 and the load RL still tend to be close, and the voltage difference across the total negative switch element S1 still decreases.
As can be seen from the above analysis, due to the existence of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10, when the total negative switch element S1 is closed, the balancing switch element SB is already closed in advance under the control of the control unit, so that the voltage difference between the two ends of the total negative switch element S1 can be balanced to the safe voltage by the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10. Thus, the electromagnetic interference generated when the main negative switching element S1 is closed is also reduced or eliminated accordingly.
Therefore, the high-voltage power distribution system in the embodiment can reduce or even eliminate the generation of electromagnetic interference, can reduce the hardware cost of the anti-interference measures of the control circuit on the basis of improving the reliability of the new energy automobile, achieves the effects of reducing the cost and improving the efficiency, and effectively prolongs the service life of the total negative switch piece.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 in combination, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of a high-voltage power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the high voltage power distribution system further includes a timer 40, the timer 40 being connected to the control unit 30. The timer 40 is configured to start timing when the balance switch SB is closed, and send a timing end signal to the control unit 30 after timing to the balance time threshold, so that the control unit 30 controls the total negative switch S1 to be closed according to the timing end signal. That is, in the present embodiment, the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 satisfies the balancing condition that the time for which the balancing switch SB in the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 is closed is not less than the balancing time threshold.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, after the balance switch SB of the active balance bridge arm circuit 10 is closed, the balance resistor RB balances the voltages of the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4. After the time to balance time threshold, the voltage across the second parasitic capacitor C2 and the voltage across the fourth parasitic capacitor C4 tend to approach, and the voltage difference across the total negative switch S1 decreases. At this time, the control unit 30 controls the total negative switch element S1 to be closed, and the surge current generated at this time is effectively reduced or even eliminated, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference of high-voltage power distribution.
It should be noted that the balance time threshold may be preset in advance according to experimental data or calculation data.
In one embodiment, the balance time threshold is determined according to a discharge time constant obtained according to the capacitance value of the parasitic capacitance at the battery terminal of the total negative switching element S1 and the resistance value of the balance resistor RB.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a balanced discharging of parasitic capacitance when the balanced switch element of an embodiment of the present application is closed. As shown in fig. 3, when the balance switch SB is closed, the second parasitic capacitance C2, the balance resistor RB, and the fourth parasitic capacitance C4 correspond to forming a current loop. Therefore, the equivalent capacitance C after the series connection of the second parasitic capacitance C2 and the fourth parasitic capacitance C4 is approximately c2×c4/(c2+c4).
In this equivalent circuit, the discharge resistance r approximates the resistance RB of the balancing resistor RB, and therefore, according to the time constant formula t=rc, in this embodiment, the time constant of the equivalent circuit when the balancing switch SB is closed may be approximated as t=rb×c2×c4/(c2+c4). According to the time constant curve, at 1 time constant, 63.2% of the initial voltage difference of the second parasitic capacitance C2 and the fourth parasitic capacitance C4 in the equivalent circuit can be balance released, and at 5 time constants, 99.3% of the voltage difference of the second parasitic capacitance C2 and the fourth parasitic capacitance C4 in the equivalent circuit can be balance released.
Thus, the time constant of the equivalent circuit according to the present embodiment, the initial voltage across the total negative switching element S1, and the preset target voltage across the total negative switching element S1 can calculate the balance time threshold. For example, according to the above analysis, in the 1 st to 1 st closing sequence, the initial voltage across the total negative switching element S1 is u×r2/(r1+r2), and assuming that the voltage across the total negative switching element S1 needs to be balanced to 0.7% of the initial voltage, 5 time constants are required, that is, the balancing time threshold is 5t=5×rb×c2×c4/(c2+c4).
The time constant can be used for calculating a balance time threshold value required by closing the balance switch piece S1, so that the working efficiency of the high-voltage power distribution system is improved while the surge current is controlled.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 4 in combination, fig. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of a high voltage power distribution system according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the high-voltage power distribution system includes a voltage detection unit 50, and the voltage detection unit 50 is connected to the control unit 30. The voltage detection unit 50 is configured to detect a bridge arm voltage between the first end and the second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 when the balancing switch SB is closed, and send a bridge arm voltage up-to-standard signal to the control unit 30 when the bridge arm voltage is less than or equal to a bridge arm voltage threshold, so that the control unit 30 controls the total negative switch S1 to be closed according to the bridge arm voltage up-to-standard signal.
In this embodiment, unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the balance determination is performed directly by detecting the arm voltage in this embodiment. The balancing condition is that the bridge arm voltage between the first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 and the second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 is less than or equal to the bridge arm voltage threshold. I.e. the voltage difference across the total negative switch S1 is less than or equal to the bridge arm voltage threshold. By closing the balancing switch SB of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10 first, and then closing the total negative switch S1 after the bridge arm voltage is reduced to the preset target voltage set by the system requirement, the working efficiency of the high-voltage power distribution system can be improved while the surge current is accurately controlled.
It should be noted that the preset target voltage may be the same as the bridge arm voltage threshold. For the voltage difference between the two ends of the high-voltage power-up sequence and the total negative switch component S1 under each power-up sequence, please refer to the embodiment of the timer mode described above, and the details are not repeated here.
Fig. 5 is a connection diagram of an active bleed bridge arm circuit and an active balancing bridge arm circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment, the high voltage power distribution system further includes an active bleed bridge arm circuit 60. The active bleeder bridge arm circuit 60 comprises a bleeder resistor RN and a bleeder switch element SN which are connected in series, a first end of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit 60 is connected with a battery end of the total negative switch element S1, and a second end of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit 60 is grounded. Note that, the active bleed-off bridge arm circuit 60 may be grounded at the end where the bleed-off resistor RN is located, or may be grounded at the end where the bleed-off switch SN is located, which is not limited in this application. In applications in the field of vehicle technology, the ground may be a ground body ground.
The control unit 30 is connected to the control end of the bleeder switch element SN, and is configured to control the bleeder switch element SN to be closed when the total negative switch element S1 is in an open state, so as to bleed the voltage across the active bleeder bridge arm 60.
Before the total negative switch S1, the balancing switch SB and the bleeder switch SN are closed, the voltage at the battery terminal of the total negative switch S1 is u2= -u×r1/(r1+r2) due to the parasitic voltage across the second parasitic capacitance C2. After the drain switch SN is closed, this corresponds to connecting the battery terminal of the total negative switch S1 to ground via the drain resistor RN. Therefore, the voltage of the battery terminal of the total negative switch S1 is gradually discharged under the current limit of the discharge resistor RN, and the voltage of the battery terminal of the total negative switch S1 will tend to the zero voltage of the ground terminal. Therefore, when the total negative switch piece S1 is closed, the voltage difference between two ends of the total negative switch piece S1 is effectively reduced, so that the surge current is effectively reduced, and the risk of over-electrical stress damage of the circuit components is also reduced.
In one embodiment, the control unit 30 first controls the balance switch SB to be closed, and then controls the drain switch SN to be closed. In another embodiment, the control unit 30 first controls the bleeder switch SN to close and then controls the balancing switch SB to close. In other embodiments, the control unit 30 may also control the bleeder switch SN and the balance switch SB to be closed simultaneously. The sequence of closing the balance switch SB and the drain switch SN is not limited in this application.
Since the bleeder switch SN is closed prior to the total negative switch S1, the parasitic voltage at the battery terminal of the total negative switch S1 will be discharged to ground through the bleeder resistor RN to match the voltage balance of the active balancing bridge arm circuit 10. On the basis of not newly increasing cost, the electromagnetic interference of the high-voltage power distribution can be effectively reduced or eliminated, the electromagnetic compatibility of the high-voltage power distribution is further optimized, and the risk of over-electrical stress damage of circuit components in the high-voltage power distribution system is effectively reduced.
It should be noted that, the core of the high-voltage power distribution system for reducing the power distribution electromagnetic interference of the new energy automobile is a control circuit for weak current.
In the above embodiments, the type of the switch member is not limited. The balancing switch and/or the total negative switch in the high voltage power distribution system may be selected from at least one of a relay, a field effect transistor, a diode combination.
On the other hand, the application also provides a control method of the high-voltage power distribution system.
In an embodiment, the high voltage power distribution system includes an active balancing bridge arm circuit and a total negative switch element, the total negative switch element is connected between a negative pole of the high voltage battery and a load, the active balancing bridge arm circuit includes a balancing resistor and a balancing switch element connected in series, a first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a battery end of the total negative switch element, a second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a load end of the total negative switch element, and the control method includes:
when the main negative switch piece is in an open state, controlling the balance switch piece to be closed;
and when the active balance bridge arm circuit meets the balance condition, controlling the total negative switch element to be closed.
In another aspect, the present application also provides a vehicle, in particular a vehicle comprising a high voltage power distribution system as described above.
The vehicle executes the switching sequence of the above embodiments when implementing the control method, and specific steps and specific technical details are referred to the above embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
As described above, the high-voltage power distribution system, the control method of the high-voltage power distribution system and the vehicle provided by the application can reduce or even eliminate electromagnetic interference from the optimization angle of high-voltage power distribution control by connecting the two ends of the total negative switch piece in parallel with the active balance bridge arm circuit, and can reduce the hardware cost of the anti-interference measure of the control circuit on the basis of improving the reliability of the new energy automobile, thereby achieving the effects of reducing the cost and enhancing the efficiency and effectively prolonging the service life of the total negative switch piece.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and drawings of the present application, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The high-voltage power distribution system is characterized by comprising a total negative switch element and an active balancing bridge arm circuit, wherein the total negative switch element is connected between the negative electrode of a high-voltage battery and a load, the active balancing bridge arm circuit comprises a balancing resistor and a balancing switch element which are connected in series, a first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a battery end of the total negative switch element, and a second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a load end of the total negative switch element;
the high-voltage power distribution system further comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit is used for controlling the balance switch piece to be closed when the total negative switch piece is in an open state, and controlling the total negative switch piece to be closed when the active balance bridge arm circuit meets balance conditions;
the high-voltage power distribution system further comprises an active bleeder bridge arm circuit, wherein the active bleeder bridge arm circuit comprises a bleeder resistor and a bleeder switch element which are connected in series, a first end of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit is connected with a battery end of the total negative switch element, and a second end of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit is grounded;
the control unit is also used for controlling the closing of the bleeder switch piece when the total negative switch piece is in an open state so as to bleeder the voltage at two ends of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit.
2. The high voltage power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the actively balancing leg circuit satisfies a balancing condition comprising: and the closing time of the balance switch piece in the active balance bridge arm circuit is not less than a balance time threshold.
3. The high voltage power distribution system of claim 2, wherein the balance time threshold is determined based on a discharge time constant obtained based on a capacitance value of a parasitic capacitance of a battery terminal of the total negative switching element and a resistance value of the balance resistor.
4. The high voltage power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the actively balancing leg circuit satisfies a balancing condition comprising: the bridge arm voltage between the first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit and the second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is smaller than or equal to a bridge arm voltage threshold.
5. The high voltage power distribution system according to claim 4, wherein the high voltage power distribution system comprises a voltage detection unit, the voltage detection unit is configured to detect the bridge arm voltage when the balanced switch element is closed, and send a bridge arm voltage up-to-standard signal to the control unit when the bridge arm voltage is less than or equal to the bridge arm voltage threshold, so that the control unit controls the total negative switch element to be closed according to the bridge arm voltage up-to-standard signal.
6. The high voltage power distribution system of claim 1, further comprising a total positive switch connected between the positive pole of the high voltage battery and the load;
and the control unit is also used for controlling the total positive switch piece to be closed after the total negative switch piece is closed.
7. The high voltage power distribution system of claim 6, further comprising a pre-charge circuit connected in parallel with the total positive switch element, comprising a pre-charge switch element and a pre-charge resistor connected in series;
the control unit is also used for controlling the pre-charging switch piece to be closed before the total positive switch piece is closed.
8. The control method of the high-voltage power distribution system is characterized in that the high-voltage power distribution system comprises a total negative switch piece, an active balancing bridge arm circuit, a control unit and an active bleeder bridge arm circuit, wherein the total negative switch piece is connected between a negative electrode of a high-voltage battery and a load, the active balancing bridge arm circuit comprises a balancing resistor and a balancing switch piece which are connected in series, a first end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a battery end of the total negative switch piece, a second end of the active balancing bridge arm circuit is connected with a load end of the total negative switch piece, the active bleeder bridge arm circuit comprises a bleeder resistor and a bleeder switch piece which are connected in series, a first end of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit is connected with a battery end of the total negative switch piece, and a second end of the active bleeder bridge arm circuit is grounded, and the control method comprises:
when the main negative switch piece is in an open state, the balance switch piece and the bleeder switch piece are controlled to be closed;
and when the active balance bridge arm circuit meets balance conditions, controlling the total negative switch piece to be closed.
9. A vehicle comprising a high voltage power distribution system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN202111035744.3A CN113561780B (en) | 2021-09-03 | 2021-09-03 | High-voltage power distribution system, control method of high-voltage power distribution system and vehicle |
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| KR20180029713A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-21 | 주식회사 앤앤씨모터스 | Apparatus for controlling electric vehicle charger |
| EP3421287B1 (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2023-03-29 | Fico Triad, S.A. | Battery connection system for electric and/or hybrid vehicles |
| JP7249141B2 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2023-03-30 | 株式会社Subaru | Inrush current limiting system |
| CN109818393B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-05-19 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Pre-charging circuit and pre-charging method of high-voltage battery pack |
| CN210733846U (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-06-12 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Control circuit and vehicle |
| CN113002303B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2023-03-28 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Pre-charging circuit and pre-charging method, bidirectional direct current converter and electric automobile |
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Address after: 510000 No.8 Songgang street, Cencun, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: GUANGZHOU XIAOPENG MOTORS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510000 No. 8, Songgang Avenue, Cencun, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Patentee before: GUANGZHOU XIAOPENG MOTORS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20231206 Address after: Room 482, room 406, No. 1, Yichuang street, Zhongxin Guangzhou Knowledge City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Guangzhou Zhipeng Manufacturing Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510000 No.8 Songgang street, Cencun, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: GUANGZHOU XIAOPENG MOTORS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |