CN113561303B - CO (carbon monoxide) 2 Device and method for mineralizing and curing concrete blocks - Google Patents
CO (carbon monoxide) 2 Device and method for mineralizing and curing concrete blocks Download PDFInfo
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- CN113561303B CN113561303B CN202110990219.0A CN202110990219A CN113561303B CN 113561303 B CN113561303 B CN 113561303B CN 202110990219 A CN202110990219 A CN 202110990219A CN 113561303 B CN113561303 B CN 113561303B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention provides a CO 2 An apparatus for mineralizing and curing concrete blocks, comprising: a gas storage tank; a gas mixer with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the gas storage tank for mixing CO 2 Mixing with air to condition CO 2 Concentration; inlet and said gasA heater communicated with the outlet of the mixer; a supercharger having an inlet in communication with the heater outlet; a pressure buffer tank with an inlet communicated with the supercharger outlet; and the inlet is communicated with the outlet of the pressure buffer tank. The device provided by the invention can accelerate the flow and disturbance of the flue gas and compensate CO in the center of the building block 2 The concentration is insufficient, so that the probability and the efficiency of the central mineralization reaction of the building block are increased; can continuously feed the flue gas to compensate CO in the later stage of mineralization reaction 2 The defects of concentration and partial pressure are overcome, and the defect of direct mineralization and maintenance of the flue gas is effectively overcome; and moisten the mineralized environment with the humidified water in the later stage of mineralization reaction. The invention also provides a CO 2 A method for mineralizing and curing concrete blocks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete, and particularly relates to a CO 2 A device and a method for mineralizing and curing concrete blocks.
Background
With the occurrence of the weather frequency of the polar terminals of the world, the method uses CO 2 Climate change caused by equal greenhouse gases is increasingly severe, and CO is worldwide 2 The emission amount per year exceeds 350 hundred million tons, and the common promotion of environmental protection and emission reduction is a global consensus. The Paris agreement indicates that the global countries will strengthen the response to the threat of climate change, and the global average temperature is controlled within 2 ℃ compared with the level rise before industrialization; thus, new, efficient, low cost Carbon Capture, utilization and sequestration (Utilization and Storage, CCUS) technologies are currently in urgent need. China as the first carbon emission country and the largest developing country worldwide, propose CO 2 The emissions strive to peak before 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutralization goals before 2060.
The autoclaved aerated concrete block is a porous concrete product which is prepared by taking fly ash, lime, cement, gypsum, slag and the like as main raw materials, adding a proper amount of gas generating agent, regulator and bubble stabilizer, and carrying out the technological processes of proportioning and stirring, pouring, standing, cutting, high-pressure steaming and the like. The traditional autoclaved curing method is to put the prefabricated member into a closed autoclave after the prefabricated member is cured and molded in advance, and to inject a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure steam for hydration curing, thereby completing CaO-SiO in the autoclave 2 —H 2 O, stopping curing after curing, and opening the gas in the exhaust valve discharge kettle (the process flow is shown in figure 2), so that a great deal of waste of steam raw materials and energy sources is caused.
CO 2 Mineralization curing aerated concrete technology has become a research in recent yearsHot spot, the technology utilizes aerated concrete material and CO after early molding 2 The carbonation reaction and the product deposition process realize the shortening of the maintenance period, the improvement of the mechanical strength of the product and other characteristics. But the main problems of this technology include: pore water is CO 2 The main reaction place with the mineralized cementing material is the main condition of mass transfer and transmission of gas, liquid and solid phases, and a large amount of reaction heat generated by mineralized curing accelerates the evaporation of pore water, thereby interrupting the mineralized curing process; high concentration or captured and purified CO 2 The initial mineralization reaction is more severe, and the size of the generated calcium carbonate crystal is rapidly increased in a short time, so that expansion cracks can possibly occur in the building block, and the strength structure of the building block is damaged; because of the limitation of dynamic factors of reaction, the curing effect of the center position of the building block is far lower than that of the surface layer. Current technical grade (99.5%) CO 2 Higher selling price, and the existing CO 2 Mineralization maintenance method is only applicable to CO with high concentration or purification by trapping 2 Mineralizing and maintaining process, and low concentration CO 2 Mineralization maintenance of air sources (such as flue gas of coal-fired thermal power plants and waste incineration plants) is greatly limited, so that CO 2 The mineralized maintenance aerated concrete block has lower economical efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a CO 2 The device and the method for mineralizing and curing the concrete blocks have the advantages of good energy saving and environmental protection benefits, waste control by waste, pollution control cost reduction, easy realization and real realization of emission reduction of waste greenhouse effect gases.
The invention provides a CO 2 An apparatus for mineralizing and curing concrete blocks, comprising:
a gas storage tank;
a gas mixer with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the gas storage tank for mixing CO 2 Mixing with air to condition CO 2 Concentration;
a heater with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the gas mixer;
a supercharger having an inlet in communication with the heater outlet;
a pressure buffer tank with an inlet communicated with the supercharger outlet;
and the inlet is communicated with the outlet of the pressure buffer tank.
Preferably, the autoclave is provided with a plurality of gas inlets; the plurality of gas inlets are uniformly distributed on the autoclave;
the plurality of gas inlets are in communication with the pressure buffer tank outlet.
Preferably, the autoclave is provided with an air outlet end, and the air outlet end is provided with a back pressure valve.
The invention provides a CO 2 A method of mineralizing a cured concrete block comprising: the device adopting the technical proposal is used for CO 2 Mineralized curing concrete block:
introducing low-concentration CO into a gas storage tank 2 ；
To make CO with low concentration 2 Mixing the gas with air to obtain mixed gas;
the mixed gas sequentially enters a heater for heating, a booster for boosting, a pressure buffer tank and an autoclave, concrete blocks which are not cured are arranged in the autoclave, and mineralization curing reaction is completed in the autoclave.
Preferably, the concrete block which is not cured is an aerated concrete block which is not cured and/or a common concrete block which is not cured.
Preferably, the low concentration CO 2 The volume fraction of (2) is 5-35%.
Preferably, the low concentration CO 2 CO after mixing with air 2 The volume fraction of (2) is 0-35%.
Preferably, the heater is heated at a temperature of 0 to 100 ℃.
Preferably, the pressure of the booster is 0-5 MPa.
Preferably, the mineralization maintenance time is 0-6 h.
The mineralization maintenance device in the prior art has no back pressure valve, and CO is introduced in the mineralization maintenance process 2 The gas makes the pressure in the autoclave reach the rated pressureClosing the air inlet valve, and carrying out CO in the autoclave 2 Curing, namely, air is discharged and pressure is released after curing is finished, curing is stopped, and the fluid medium can not keep constant pressure flowing in the mineralization curing process. The mineralization maintenance device provided by the invention can accelerate the flow velocity and disturbance of the flue gas and compensate CO in the center of the building block 2 The concentration is insufficient, so that the probability and the efficiency of the central mineralization reaction of the building block are increased; can continuously feed the flue gas to compensate CO in the later stage of mineralization reaction 2 The defects of concentration and partial pressure are overcome, and the defect of direct mineralization and maintenance of the flue gas is effectively overcome; and moisten the mineralized environment with the humidified water in the later stage of mineralization reaction.
The prior art requires the use of high concentrations or trapped purified CO 2 While low concentration of CO 2 Mineralization maintenance of air sources (such as flue gas of coal-fired thermal power plants and waste incineration plants) is greatly limited, so that CO 2 The mineralized maintenance aerated concrete block has lower economical efficiency. The method provided by the invention can obviously improve CO 2 And the economy of mineralizing and curing the aerated concrete block.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of CO in an embodiment of the invention 2 A structural schematic diagram of a device for mineralizing and curing concrete blocks;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the production of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks of the prior art.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other examples of modifications and alterations will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the examples herein, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are only used for illustrating the technical effects of the present invention, and are not used for limiting the scope of the present invention. In the examples, the methods used are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The invention provides a device for mineralizing and curing concrete blocks, which comprises:
a gas storage tank;
a gas mixer with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the gas storage tank for mixing the gasCO 2 Mixing with air to condition CO 2 Concentration;
a heater with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the gas mixer;
a supercharger having an inlet in communication with the heater outlet;
a pressure buffer tank with an inlet communicated with the supercharger outlet;
and the inlet is communicated with the outlet of the pressure buffer tank.
In the present invention, the gas storage tank is used for storing low-concentration CO 2 The present invention is not particularly limited, and a container for storing a gas, which is well known to those skilled in the art, may be used, and it is preferable to use a gas tank using a corrosion-resistant material at a portion in direct contact with the gas or adopting a corrosion-resistant means.
In the present invention, the gas blender is used to blend low concentration CO 2 CO at different concentrations from air 2 And (5) mixing. The present invention is not particularly limited, and the gas mixer may be any device known to those skilled in the art to be used for mixing gases, and preferably a gas mixer using a corrosion-resistant material at a portion in direct contact with a gas or adopting a corrosion-resistant means.
In the present invention, the low concentration CO 2 The source of (C) is preferably CO of large-scale industry, coal-fired thermal power plant, waste incineration plant, waste thermal power plant, methane plant, etc 2 An emission source.
In the invention, the heater is used for heating the mixed gas flowing out of the gas mixer. The heater is not particularly limited, and a device which can be used for heating, such as an electric heater, a steam heat exchange heater, or a flue gas heat exchange heater, which are well known to those skilled in the art, is preferably used, and a part which is in direct contact with gas is preferably a heater using a corrosion-resistant material or adopting a corrosion-resistant means.
In the invention, the booster is used for boosting the mixed gas flowing out of the heater. The present invention is not particularly limited, and a device which can be used for pressurizing gas, such as a gas compressor, well known to those skilled in the art, may be used, and a supercharger using a corrosion-resistant material or adopting a corrosion-resistant means at a portion in direct contact with gas is preferably used.
In the invention, the pressure buffer tank is used for buffering pressure fluctuation of the system, so that the system works more stably. The pressure buffer tank is not particularly limited, and a container which can be used for adjusting the pressure of a gas, which is well known to those skilled in the art, is preferably used, and a corrosion-resistant material is used at a portion which is in direct contact with the gas or a corrosion-resistant means is used.
In the invention, the autoclave is preferably provided with a plurality of gas inlets; the plurality of gas inlets are preferably uniformly distributed on the autoclave, so that the reaction mixed gas can be uniformly dispersed in the concrete blocks in the autoclave, and the mineralization maintenance progress of all the concrete blocks in the autoclave is effectively kept synchronous. In the present invention, the plurality of gas inlets of the autoclave are preferably in communication with the pressure buffer tank outlet.
In the invention, the autoclave is used for mineralizing and curing the uncured concrete blocks by the mixed gas flowing out of the pressure buffer tank.
In the invention, the autoclave is preferably provided with an air outlet end so as to discharge the mixed gas after carbonization and maintenance reaction. The invention has no special limitation on the air outlet end, and the air outlet end is arranged on the autoclave to discharge the air in the autoclave.
In the invention, the back pressure valve is preferably arranged on the air outlet end so as to control or maintain the flow of the mixed gas with rated pressure in the autoclave, and the pressure in the autoclave is controlled by adjusting the back pressure valve.
In the present invention, the CO 2 The device for mineralizing and curing the concrete block preferably further comprises a solid waste pre-mineralization reaction kettle with an inlet communicated with the air outlet end, wherein gas after mineralization and curing reaction in the autoclave enters the solid waste pre-mineralization reaction kettle through the air outlet end and is subjected to pre-mineralization reaction with solid waste in the solid waste pre-mineralization reaction kettle to obtain the gas rich in CaCO 3 Is used for preparing concrete blocks to realize CO 2 And (5) step utilization.
In the present inventionIn the light, the CO 2 The device for mineralizing and curing the concrete blocks preferably further comprises a chimney with an inlet communicated with the gas outlet of the solid waste pre-mineralization reaction kettle, and the gas generated after the solid waste pre-mineralization reaction is discharged through the chimney.
The invention provides a CO 2 A method of mineralizing a cured concrete block comprising:
the device adopting the technical proposal is used for CO 2 Mineralized curing concrete block:
introducing low-concentration CO into a gas storage tank 2 ；
To make CO with low concentration 2 Mixing the air with the gas regulator to obtain mixed gas;
the mixed gas sequentially enters a heater for heating, a booster for boosting, a pressure buffer tank and an autoclave, concrete blocks which are not cured are arranged in the autoclave, and mineralization curing reaction is completed in the autoclave.
In the present invention, the low concentration CO 2 The volume fraction of (2) is preferably 5 to 35%, more preferably 15 to 25%, most preferably 20%; the low concentration CO 2 The source of (C) is preferably CO of large-scale industry, coal-fired thermal power plant, waste incineration plant, waste thermal power plant, methane plant, etc 2 An emission source.
In the present invention, the low concentration CO 2 CO after mixing with air 2 The volume fraction of (2) is preferably 0 to 35%, more preferably 10 to 30%, more preferably 15 to 30%, more preferably 18 to 25%, most preferably 20%.
In the present invention, the temperature at which the heater heats is preferably 0 to 100 ℃, more preferably 20 to 80 ℃, still more preferably 30 to 60 ℃, and most preferably 40 to 50 ℃.
In the present invention, the pressure at which the supercharger performs supercharging is preferably 0 to 5MPa, more preferably 0.1 to 3MPa, still more preferably 0.5 to 2MPa, and most preferably 1 to 1.5MPa.
In the invention, CO in the mixed gas entering the autoclave 2 The volume fraction of (2) is preferably 0 to 35%, more preferably 10 to 30%, still more preferably 15 to 30%, still more preferably18-25%, most preferably 20%; the temperature of the mixed gas is preferably 0 to 100 ℃, more preferably 20 to 80 ℃, more preferably 30 to 60 ℃, and most preferably 40 to 50 ℃; the pressure is preferably 0 to 5.0MPa, more preferably 0.1 to 3.0MPa, still more preferably 0.5 to 2.0MPa, most preferably 1 to 1.5MPa; the flow rate is preferably 0 to 10m/s, more preferably 0.1 to 5m/s, more preferably 0.5 to 4m/s, more preferably 1 to 3m/s, and most preferably 2m/s.
In the present invention, the mineralization curing time is preferably 0 to 6 hours, more preferably 0.5 to 3 hours, still more preferably 1 to 2.5 hours, and most preferably 1.5 to 2 hours.
In the present invention, the concrete block that is not cured is preferably an aerated concrete block that is not cured and/or a plain concrete block that is not cured, more preferably an aerated concrete block that is not cured.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the aerated concrete block without curing preferably includes:
mixing cement, solid waste powder and calcium sulfate to obtain a dry material;
mixing water and aluminum powder to obtain aluminum powder suspension;
mixing the dry material with water to obtain slurry;
mixing the slurry with aluminum powder suspension to obtain a mixture;
coating a demolding lubricant on the inner wall of the mold;
filling the mixture into a mould for hardening and forming, and demoulding to obtain a block;
and (3) carrying out pre-curing and cutting on the block body to obtain the aerated concrete block without curing.
In the invention, the solid waste is preferably industrial solid waste which is rich in calcium oxide and magnesium oxide and has a certain mineralization activity; more preferably one or more selected from fly ash, desulfurized ash, blast furnace slag, power plant slag, coal slag, carbide slag, steel slag, waste cement, red mud and the like.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the cement to the solid waste powder is preferably (10% -90%): (90% -10%), more preferably (30% -60%): (70% -40%), most preferably (40% -50%): (60% -50%).
In the present invention, the mass of the calcium sulfate is preferably 0.1% to 1%, more preferably 0.2% to 0.5%, and most preferably 0.3% to 0.4% of the total mass of the cement and the solid waste powder.
In the present invention, the amount of the aluminum powder is preferably 0.1% to 1%, more preferably 0.2% to 0.5%, and most preferably 0.3% to 0.4% of the total mass of the cement and the solid waste powder.
In the present invention, the amount of water used in the preparation of the uncured aerated concrete block is preferably such that the residual water cement ratio of the uncured aerated concrete block prepared is 0.1 to 1%, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5%, and most preferably 0.3 to 0.4%.
In the present invention, the mixing is preferably performed under stirring; the mixing is preferably uniformly mixed and dispersed.
In the present invention, the application is preferably uniform application; the amount of the release lubricant used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and the release lubricant used in the present invention can be used to smoothly release the mold. In the present invention, the release agent is preferably one selected from the group consisting of petrolatum, silicone oil, pump oil, and the like.
In the present invention, the filling of the mixture into the mold preferably further comprises:
vibrating the mould to uniformly distribute the materials in the mould, and wiping out the expansion part above the mould and trowelling the surface after full gas generation.
In the present invention, the hardening molding is preferably natural hardening molding in a natural environment; the curing time is preferably 0.5 to 24 hours, more preferably 2 to 12 hours, still more preferably 5 to 10 hours, and most preferably 6 to 8 hours.
In the present invention, the demolding is preferably performed using a demolding tool.
In the present invention, the pre-curing is preferably performed in a natural environment; the time for the pre-curing is preferably 1 to 96 hours, more preferably 12 to 72 hours, more preferably 20 to 60 hours, more preferably 30 to 50 hours, and most preferably 40 hours.
In the present invention, the mineralization curing reaction preferably further comprises:
and (3) introducing the mixed gas obtained after the mineralization maintenance reaction into solid waste slurry for pre-mineralization.
In the invention, the pre-mineralized solid waste slurry is rich in CaCO 3 Preferably as a raw material for the preparation of concrete blocks.
In the present invention, the solid waste in the solid waste slurry is identical to the solid waste in the above technical solution, and will not be described herein.
In the present invention, the pre-mineralized mixed gas is preferably discharged through a chimney.
In the present invention, the CO 2 A method of mineralizing a cured concrete block, preferably comprising:
placing the pre-cured and cut concrete blocks (concrete blocks which are not cured) into an autoclave, and closing and locking the door of the autoclave; opening the gas outlet valve of the gas storage tank to continuously output low-concentration CO with rated flow rate 2 The mixed gas is mixed with air sequentially through a gas mixer to form mixed gas with rated proportion, the mixed gas is heated to rated temperature by a heater, the mixed gas is pressurized to rated pressure by a booster, the mixed gas enters an autoclave for mineralization maintenance after regulated to stable pressure by a pressure buffer tank, and the reacted mixed gas is continuously discharged through an air outlet end of a back pressure valve on the autoclave; the autoclave regulates the step pressure in the process of autoclaving through a back pressure valve; and after the rated curing time is reached, opening the autoclave door to take out the block and testing the parallel performance.
In the present invention, the step pressure preferably includes:
and in the mineralization curing process, a mineralization curing I stage, a mineralization curing II stage, a mineralization curing III stage and a mineralization curing IV stage are sequentially carried out.
In the present invention, the reaction pressure in the mineralization curing stage I is preferably 0 to 1.0MPa, more preferably 0.2 to 0.8MPa, still more preferably 0.4 to 0.6MPa, and most preferably 0.5MPa;
in the invention, the reaction pressure in the mineralization curing stage II is preferably 0-2.0 MPa, more preferably 0.5-1.5 MPa, and most preferably 1.0MPa;
in the present invention, the reaction pressure in the mineralized curing stage III is preferably 0 to 3.0MPa, more preferably 0.5 to 2.5MPa, still more preferably 1.0 to 2.0MPa, and most preferably 1.5MPa.
In the invention, the reaction pressure of mineralization curing stage IV is preferably normal pressure.
In the invention, the time of the mineralization curing period I is preferably from the beginning of mineralization curing to the mineralization curing for 0 to 1h, more preferably 0.2 to 0.8h, more preferably 0.4 to 0.6h, and most preferably 0.5h; the time of the mineralization curing II period is preferably 0 to 2 hours, more preferably 0.5 to 1.5 hours and most preferably 1 hour after the mineralization curing I period is finished; the time of the mineralization curing stage III is preferably 0 to 2 hours, more preferably 0.5 to 1.5 hours and most preferably 1 hour after the mineralization curing stage II is finished; the mineralization curing period IV is preferably 0 to 1h, more preferably 0.3 to 0.8h, and most preferably 0.5h after the mineralization curing period III is completed.
In the present invention, the CO 2 Low concentration CO in mineralized curing concrete block process 2 Continuously outputting from the gas storage tank, sequentially mixing with air through the gas mixer, heating by the heater, pressurizing by the pressurizer, and feeding into the autoclave until mineralization reaction is finished and mineralization maintenance is finished.
The method provided by the invention has adjustable pressure in the mineralization curing process, can realize step pressure-variable curing, reduce the intensity of the mineralization curing phase I reaction, alleviate the early mineralization engineering, and reduce the generation speed and crystal size of mineralization products; CO 2 The concentration is adjustable, and the mineralization curing stage II and stage III can be realized by increasing CO 2 Flow velocity is increased by CO 2 The disturbance and the contact probability and time with the mineralized surface enhance the maintenance effect of the center position of the building block, reduce the area of the brittle interface inside the product and enhance the product performance; at the same time, the sustainable constant rated pressure is introduced into the flue gas mixture to compensate CO in the flue gas 2 Partial pressure and concentration are insufficient, so that the flue gas can be directly utilized without being trapped and purified; the humidity in the mineralized curing stage IV is stable, and the problem that the reaction is forced to be interrupted due to the fact that a large amount of pore water is evaporated in the later stage of mineralized curing is effectively solved. The mineralization maintenance method provided by the inventionThe flue gas can be directly utilized without trapping and purifying, thereby effectively reducing the production cost of mineralized maintenance concrete blocks and CO 2 The emission reduction effect is obvious.
The CO provided by the invention 2 Compared with the existing autoclaved aerated concrete block production process, the mineralized maintenance aerated concrete block production process has the main process basically the same, only adds a small amount of technical improvement cost to the existing factories, does not involve larger equipment investment, and realizes the flue gas CO 2 The trapping and the utilization are economical and environment-friendly; the invention adopts the flue gas CO 2 The mineralized maintenance porous concrete block has low energy consumption.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a CO 2 The device for mineralizing and curing the concrete blocks is shown in the structure schematic diagram as shown in fig. 1, and specifically comprises:
a gas storage tank (flue gas storage tank) 1 for storing low concentration CO 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The part of the gas storage tank, which is in direct contact with the gas, is made of a corrosion-resistant material or adopts a corrosion-resistant means;
a gas mixer 2 with an inlet communicating with the outlet of the gas tank for mixing CO 2 Mixing with air to condition CO 2 Concentration; the part of the gas mixer, which is in direct contact with the gas, is made of a corrosion-resistant material or adopts a corrosion-resistant means;
a heater 3 with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the gas mixer; the part of the heater, which is in direct contact with the gas, is made of a corrosion-resistant material or adopts a corrosion-resistant means;
a gas compressor 4 with an inlet communicating with the heater outlet; the part of the gas compressor, which is in direct contact with the gas, is made of a corrosion-resistant material or adopts a corrosion-resistant means;
a pressure buffer tank 5 with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the gas compressor; the part of the pressure buffer tank, which is in direct contact with the gas, is made of a corrosion-resistant material or adopts a corrosion-resistant means;
a plurality of gas inlets 6 are communicated with the autoclave 7 at the outlet of the pressure buffer tank; the autoclave is provided with an air outlet end, and the air outlet end is provided with a back pressure valve 8; the plurality of gas inlets are uniformly distributed and arranged above the autoclave;
a fly ash solid waste pre-mineralization reaction kettle 9 with an inlet communicated with the air outlet end;
and a chimney 10 with an inlet communicated with a gas outlet of the fly ash solid waste pre-mineralization reaction kettle.
Example 2
CO according to the apparatus and flow chart shown in FIG. 1 2 Mineralized maintenance aerated concrete block specifically comprises:
according to the mass ratio of cement to solid waste powder (fly ash and blast furnace slag) being 2:3 and the mass of calcium sulfate powder being 0.2% of the total mass of cement, fly ash and blast furnace slag, manually mixing the weighed materials until the materials are made into uniform dry materials; according to the mass of the aluminum powder being 0.2% of the total mass of cement, fly ash and blast furnace slag, preparing the weighed aluminum powder and water into aluminum powder suspension; and mixing and stirring the uniformly mixed dry materials with water until uniform slurry is formed, adding aluminum powder suspension, and rapidly stirring until the aluminum powder is uniformly dispersed.
Uniformly smearing a small amount of vaseline on the inner wall of the mold, filling the uniformly mixed slurry into the mold, fully vibrating to uniformly distribute the slurry in the mold, wiping out an upper expansion part by using the tool after the slurry is fully aerated, trowelling the surface of the slurry, and naturally hardening and molding the slurry for 2 hours in a natural environment; after hardening and forming, demolding by using a demolding tool, and continuously placing in a natural environment for pre-curing for 12 hours; the addition amount of the whole process water is based on the residual water cement ratio of 0.4 of the aerated concrete block which is not cured finally.
Placing the pre-cured and cut aerated concrete blocks (the aerated concrete blocks which are not cured) into an autoclave, and closing and locking the door of the autoclave; flue gas in a flue gas storage tank (Low concentration CO) 2 ) Coal-fired thermal power plant with installed scale of 400t/h and low concentration CO 2 Is 18.6% by volume; opening an air outlet valve of the flue gas storage tank, continuously outputting flue gas with rated flow rate, and mixing the flue gas with air sequentially through a gas mixer to form CO 2 The volume fraction of the mixed gas is 15%, the temperature of the mixed gas is raised to 45 ℃ by a heater, the pressure of the mixed gas is raised to 3.0MPa by a pressurizer, and the mixed gas is buffered and regulated by a pressure buffer tank and then is processed by a pressure of 2m/sThe flow rate of the mixed gas enters an autoclave for mineralization maintenance, and the reacted smoke mixed gas is continuously discharged through an air outlet end of a back pressure valve on the autoclave; the autoclave regulates the step pressure in the autoclaved process through a back pressure valve, the period I is 0.5MPa, and the mineralization maintenance time is 0.5h; stage II is 1MPa, and mineralization maintenance time is 1h; stage III is 1.5MPa, and mineralization maintenance time is 1h; the IV phase is normal pressure, and the mineralization maintenance time is 0.5h; and after the mineralization curing stage IV is finished, opening the autoclave door to take out the building blocks for parallel performance test.
Example 3
According to the mass ratio of cement to solid waste powder (fly ash and blast furnace slag) being 1:1 and the mass of calcium sulfate powder being 0.2% of the total mass of cement, fly ash and blast furnace slag, manually mixing the weighed materials until the materials are made into uniform dry materials; according to the mass of the aluminum powder being 0.2% of the total mass of cement, fly ash and blast furnace slag, preparing the weighed aluminum powder and water into aluminum powder suspension; and mixing and stirring the uniformly mixed dry materials with water until uniform slurry is formed, adding aluminum powder suspension, and rapidly stirring until the aluminum powder is uniformly dispersed.
Uniformly smearing a little vaseline on the inner wall of the mould, filling the uniformly mixed slurry into the mould, fully vibrating to uniformly distribute the slurry in the mould, wiping out an upper expansion part and a slurry surface by using the tool after the slurry is fully aerated, and naturally hardening and forming the slurry for 2.5 hours in a natural environment; after hardening and forming, demolding by using a demolding tool, and continuously placing in a natural environment for pre-curing for 15 hours; the addition amount of the whole process water is based on the residual water cement ratio of 0.45 of the aerated concrete block which is not cured finally.
Placing the pre-cured and cut aerated concrete blocks (the aerated concrete blocks which are not cured) into an autoclave, and closing and locking the door of the autoclave; flue gas in a flue gas storage tank (Low concentration CO) 2 ) Coal-fired thermal power plant with installed scale of 400t/h and low concentration CO 2 Is 18.6% by volume; opening an air outlet valve of the flue gas storage tank, continuously outputting flue gas with rated flow rate, and mixing the flue gas with air sequentially through a gas mixer to form CO 2 Is heated to 50 ℃ by a heater and pressurized by a booster to 18% by volume of the mixed gas3.0MPa, after being buffered and regulated by a pressure buffer tank, entering an autoclave at a flow speed of 3m/s for mineralization maintenance, and continuously discharging the reacted flue gas mixture through an air outlet end of a back pressure valve on the autoclave; the autoclave regulates the step pressure in the autoclaved process through a back pressure valve, the period I is 0.35MPa, and the mineralization maintenance time is 1h; stage II is 1.2MPa, and mineralization maintenance time is 0.8h; stage III is 1.8MPa, and mineralization maintenance time is 1.2h; the IV phase is normal pressure, and the mineralization maintenance time is 0.6h; and after the mineralization curing stage IV is finished, opening the autoclave door to take out the building blocks for parallel performance test.
Example 4
According to the mass ratio of cement to solid waste powder (fly ash and blast furnace slag) being 3:2 and the mass of calcium sulfate powder being 0.2% of the total mass of cement, fly ash and blast furnace slag, manually mixing the weighed materials until the materials are made into uniform dry materials; according to the mass of the aluminum powder being 0.2% of the total mass of cement, fly ash and blast furnace slag, preparing the weighed aluminum powder and water into aluminum powder suspension; and mixing and stirring the uniformly mixed dry materials with water until uniform slurry is formed, adding aluminum powder suspension, and rapidly stirring until the aluminum powder is uniformly dispersed.
Uniformly smearing a little vaseline on the inner wall of the mould, filling the uniformly mixed slurry into the mould, fully vibrating to uniformly distribute the slurry in the mould, wiping out an upper expansion part and a slurry surface by using the tool after the slurry is fully aerated, and naturally hardening and forming the slurry for 1.5h in a natural environment; after hardening and forming, demolding by using a demolding tool, and continuously placing the mold in a natural environment for pre-curing for 18 hours; the addition amount of the whole process water is based on the residual water cement ratio of 0.3 of the aerated concrete block which is not cured finally.
Placing the pre-cured and cut aerated concrete blocks (the aerated concrete blocks which are not cured) into an autoclave, and closing and locking the door of the autoclave; flue gas in a flue gas storage tank (Low concentration CO) 2 ) Coal-fired thermal power plant with installed scale of 400t/h and low concentration CO 2 Is 18.6% by volume; opening an air outlet valve of the flue gas storage tank, continuously outputting flue gas with rated flow rate, and mixing the flue gas with air sequentially through a gas mixer to form CO 2 Is 13% by volumeThe mixed gas and the heater are heated to 55 ℃, the booster is pressurized to 3.0MPa, the mixed gas and the heater enter an autoclave for mineralization maintenance at a flow rate of 5m/s after being buffered and regulated by a pressure buffer tank, and the reacted flue gas mixed gas is continuously discharged through an air outlet end of a back pressure valve on the autoclave; the autoclave regulates the step pressure in the autoclaved process through a back pressure valve, the period I is 0.4MPa, and the mineralization maintenance time is 1h; stage II is 1.5MPa, and mineralization maintenance time is 2h; stage III is 2.0MPa, and mineralization maintenance time is 2h; the IV phase is normal pressure, and the mineralization maintenance time is 0.8h; and after the mineralization curing stage IV is finished, opening the autoclave door to take out the building blocks for parallel performance test.
Comparative example 1
CO was performed as in example 2 2 The mineralized curing aerated concrete block is different from the embodiment 2 in that the air mixing, heating, pressurizing and pressure buffering are not performed after the aerated concrete block which is not cured is prepared, and industrial CO is directly processed 2 And (3) introducing the mixture into an autoclave for curing:
placing the pre-cured and cut aerated concrete blocks (the aerated concrete blocks which are not cured) into an autoclave, and closing and locking the door of the autoclave; the gas outlet end of the autoclave is provided with a stop valve, and the stop valve of the gas outlet end of the autoclave is closed before the gas enters the autoclave; the gas in the gas storage tank is industrial CO 2 Opening the gas outlet stop valve of the gas storage tank and industrial CO 2 Starting to enter an autoclave, closing an air outlet end stop valve of the air storage tank to stop air inlet when the pressure in the autoclave reaches 1.5MPa, and starting a maintenance process; and stopping curing after curing, and opening the gas outlet end stop valve to discharge the gas in the kettle.
Comparative example 2
CO was performed as in example 3 2 The mineralized curing aerated concrete block is different from the embodiment 3 in that the air mixing, heating, pressurizing and pressure buffering are not performed after the aerated concrete block which is not cured is prepared, and industrial CO is directly processed 2 And (3) introducing the mixture into an autoclave for curing:
placing the pre-cured and cut aerated concrete block (the aerated concrete block which is not cured) into an autoclave, and closing the lockTightly pressing the autoclave door; the gas outlet end of the autoclave is provided with a stop valve, and the stop valve of the gas outlet end of the autoclave is closed before the gas enters the autoclave; the gas in the gas storage tank is industrial CO 2 Opening the gas outlet stop valve of the gas storage tank and industrial CO 2 Starting to enter an autoclave, closing an air outlet end stop valve of the air storage tank to stop air inlet when the pressure in the autoclave reaches 1.8MPa, and starting a maintenance process; and stopping curing after curing, and opening the gas outlet end stop valve to discharge the gas in the kettle.
Comparative example 3
CO was performed as in example 4 2 The mineralized curing aerated concrete block is different from the embodiment 4 in that the air mixing, heating, pressurizing and pressure buffering are not performed after the aerated concrete block which is not cured is prepared, and industrial CO is directly processed 2 And (3) introducing the mixture into an autoclave for curing:
placing the pre-cured and cut aerated concrete blocks (the aerated concrete blocks which are not cured) into an autoclave, and closing and locking the door of the autoclave; the gas outlet end of the autoclave is provided with a stop valve, and the stop valve of the gas outlet end of the autoclave is closed before the gas enters the autoclave; the gas in the gas storage tank is industrial CO 2 Opening the gas outlet stop valve of the gas storage tank and industrial CO 2 Starting to enter an autoclave, closing an air outlet end stop valve of the air storage tank to stop air inlet when the pressure in the autoclave reaches 2.0MPa, and starting a maintenance process; and stopping curing after curing, and opening the gas outlet end stop valve to discharge the gas in the kettle.
Performance detection
The properties of the aerated concrete blocks after mineralization curing of examples 2 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were tested according to the standards of GB/T11968-2020 autoclaved aerated concrete block and GB/T11969-2020 autoclaved aerated concrete Performance test method.
The detection results are as follows:
| performance of | Example 2 | Comparative example 1 | Example 3 | Comparative example 2 | Example 4 | Comparative example 3 |
| Compressive Strength/MPa | 3.8 | 3.2 | 5.1 | 4.0 | 5.5 | 4.5 |
| Dry density/(kg/m) 3 ) | 630 | 630 | 642 | 645 | 723 | 720 |
As can be seen from the above examples, the mineralization curing devices of comparative examples 1 to 3 have no back pressure valve, and CO is introduced during mineralization curing 2 After the gas makes the pressure in the autoclave reach the rated pressure, the air inlet valve is closed, and CO is carried out in the autoclave 2 Curing, namely, air is discharged and decompressed after curing is finished, curing is stopped, and fluid in the mineralization curing process cannot be ledThe mass was kept flowing at constant pressure. The mineralization maintenance device provided by the invention can accelerate the flow velocity and disturbance of the flue gas and compensate CO in the center of the building block 2 The concentration is insufficient, so that the probability and the efficiency of the central mineralization reaction of the building block are increased; can continuously feed the flue gas to compensate CO in the later stage of mineralization reaction 2 The defects of concentration and partial pressure are overcome, and the defect of direct mineralization and maintenance of the flue gas is effectively overcome; and moisten the mineralized environment with the humidified water in the later stage of mineralization reaction.
Comparative examples 1 to 3 require the use of high concentrations or CO purification by capture 2 While low concentration of CO 2 Mineralization maintenance of air sources (such as waste incineration plant flue gas) is greatly limited, so that CO 2 The mineralized maintenance aerated concrete block has lower economical efficiency. The invention can obviously improve CO 2 And the economy of mineralizing and curing the aerated concrete block.
While the invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. CO (carbon monoxide) 2 A method of mineralizing a cured concrete block comprising: by CO 2 CO is carried out to device that mineralizes and cares concrete block 2 Mineralized curing concrete block:
introducing low-concentration CO with the volume fraction of 5-35% into a gas storage tank 2 ；
To make CO with low concentration 2 Continuously entering a gas mixer to mix with air to obtain mixed gas;
the mixed gas sequentially enters a heater for heating, a booster for boosting, a pressure buffer tank and an autoclave, concrete blocks which are not cured are arranged in the autoclave, mineralization curing reaction is carried out in the autoclave, the reacted mixed gas is continuously discharged through an air outlet end of a back pressure valve on the autoclave, and after the rated curing time is reached, a door of the autoclave is opened for taking out the blocks;
the CO 2 An apparatus for mineralizing and curing concrete blocks, comprising:
a gas storage tank;
a gas mixer with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the gas storage tank for mixing CO 2 Mixing with air to condition CO 2 Concentration;
a heater with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the gas mixer;
a supercharger having an inlet in communication with the heater outlet;
a pressure buffer tank with an inlet communicated with the supercharger outlet;
an autoclave with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the pressure buffer tank;
the autoclave is provided with an air outlet end, and the air outlet end is provided with a back pressure valve.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the autoclave is provided with a plurality of gas inlets; the plurality of gas inlets are uniformly distributed on the autoclave;
the plurality of gas inlets are in communication with the pressure buffer tank outlet.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the uncured concrete block is an uncured aerated concrete block and/or an uncured plain concrete block.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the low concentration CO 2 CO after mixing with air 2 The volume fraction of (2) is 0-35%.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the heater is heated at a temperature of 0-100 ℃.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure of the supercharger is 0-5 mpa.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the mineralization maintenance time is 0-6 hours.
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