CN113560009B

CN113560009B - Mechanical sand making machine for constructional engineering

Info

Publication number: CN113560009B
Application number: CN202111118277.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙晋伟; 陈琪; 刘金平
Original assignee: Xuzhou Shuoqin Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Xuzhou Shuoqin Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-24
Filing date: 2021-09-24
Publication date: 2021-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-24
Also published as: CN113560009A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sand making machinery, and discloses a mechanical sand making machine for building engineering, which comprises a crushing cavity shell, wherein the bottom end of the crushing cavity shell is fixedly connected with a bottom frame, the top end of the bottom frame is fixedly connected with a feeding port, two sides, the front side and the rear side of the feeding port are fixedly connected with buffer air cavities, the middle of each buffer air cavity is movably sleeved with a piston rod, and the bottom end of each piston rod is fixedly connected with a distributor. According to the invention, the gravels with different masses are classified and redistributed through the distributor, the distributor generates a vibrating screen effect by utilizing the impact when the gravels fall, the small-mass gravels are screened to the inner ring with small rotating speed, and the large-mass gravels are screened to the outer ring with large rotating speed, so that the throwing kinetic energy is better provided for the large-mass gravels, and the problem of poor sand outlet uniformity caused by the fact that the large-mass gravels are not easy to be crushed by collision due to different throwing speeds of the gravels with different masses is avoided.

Description

Mechanical sand making machine for constructional engineering

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sand making instruments, in particular to a mechanical sand making machine for constructional engineering.

Background

A large amount of gravels are needed in constructional engineering, the gravels which can be directly obtained are limited, sand making is needed, equipment adopted for making the sand is a sand making machine, the principle is simple, stones collide with stones thrown out by an impeller in the natural falling process, and the stones are crushed by using a stone beating mode and a stone beating iron mode to obtain small gravels, so that the purpose of crushing and making the sand is achieved.

However, the mass of the gravels thrown into the sand making machine is not uniform, when the mechanical sand making machine crushes the gravels, the gravels with different sizes fall into the cyclone crushing cavity and are stirred by the impeller to obtain different kinetic energies, so that the screwing-out speed of the large gravels is lower than that of the small gravels, when the mechanical sand making machine collides and crushes the gravels falling naturally, the screwing-out speed of the gravels with large mass is lower, the crushing effect when the gravels falling by collision is poor, the stones with small quality can reach higher screwing-out speed, the crushing effect when the gravels falling by collision is improved, the uniformity of sand crushing is poor, the gravels are required to be sieved and crushed later, and the sand making efficiency is influenced; the impeller in the cyclone crushing cavity is completely driven by a spindle motor, and is completely used for driving gravels falling into the cyclone crushing cavity and throwing the gravels out at a high speed, the force provided for the gravels falling into the cyclone crushing cavity is fixed, if the thrust for large stones needs to be increased, the screwing-out speed is increased, the rotation speed can be realized only by improving the rotating speed of the spindle motor, the energy consumption of the device is increased by the operation, and the kinetic energy supply adjustment of different parts of the blade can not be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior mechanical sand making machine in the background art in the using process, the invention provides the mechanical sand making machine for the building engineering, which has the advantages of more uniform sand making particles, adjustable kinetic energy supplied by an impeller and energy consumption reduction, and solves the technical problems of poor sand making uniformity, large-particle sandstone crushing energy consumption and the like in the background art.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a mechanical type system sand machine for building engineering, includes broken chamber shell, the bottom fixedly connected with chassis of broken chamber shell, the top fixedly connected with pan feeding mouth of chassis, equal fixedly connected with buffering air cavity around the both sides of pan feeding mouth, the piston rod has been cup jointed in the middle activity of buffering air cavity, the bottom fixedly connected with distributor of piston rod, the inside bottom fixedly connected with support of broken chamber shell, the top fixedly connected with base of support, the centre swing joint of base has the impeller main shaft, the outside fixedly connected with impeller of impeller main shaft, one side fixed mounting of broken chamber shell has the motor, the bottom swing joint of motor has driving belt, the top fixedly connected with speed ring in the impeller outside, the bottom fixedly connected with discharge gate of broken chamber shell.

Preferably, the upper part of the piston rod is hermetically stored with gas, so that the piston rod is kept at the middle position of the buffer gas cavity by the upper gas pressure.

Preferably, the distributor is in a convex structure with a high middle part and a low periphery, the middle part of the distributor is uniformly provided with an annular falling opening, the width of the central falling opening is the minimum, and the width of the falling opening is larger when the central falling opening is closer to the periphery.

Preferably, the eccentric ring is annular and fixedly connects the outer sides of all the impellers, and the diameter of the eccentric ring is consistent with the diameter of the periphery of the distributor.

Preferably, the impeller is curved in an arc shape, and the direction of the curved concave surface is opposite to the rotation direction of the impeller main shaft.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the gravels with different masses are classified and redistributed through the distributor, the distributor generates a vibrating screen effect by utilizing the impact when the gravels fall, the small-mass gravels are screened to the inner ring with small rotating speed, and the large-mass gravels are screened to the outer ring with large rotating speed, so that the throwing kinetic energy is better provided for the large-mass gravels, and the problem of poor sand outlet uniformity caused by the fact that the large-mass gravels are not easy to be crushed by collision due to different throwing speeds of the gravels with different masses is avoided.

2. According to the invention, most of large-mass gravels are distributed to the natural falling area through the distributor, and a large amount of medium-small-mass gravels thrown out by the impeller are subjected to high-speed impact crushing, so that the condition that the large-mass gravels improve the rotating load of the main shaft and increase the energy consumption caused by indiscriminate falling of the traditional sand making machine is avoided, and the energy consumption is reduced.

3. According to the invention, the bottom end of the distributor is in contact friction with the speed bias ring through the downward pressing impact of the distributor when the large-mass sand falls, the kinetic energy uniformly distributed to the inner ring and the outer ring of the impeller by the main shaft is converted, the speed of the outer ring of the impeller is reduced, a part of the kinetic energy is converted into the elastic potential energy of the bent impeller for storage, and when the large-mass sand falls and the distributor rises again to stop rubbing with the speed bias ring, the elastic potential energy stored in the outer ring of the impeller is converted into the kinetic energy again, so that the outer ring of the impeller has the kinetic energy larger than that provided by the main shaft, and the large-diameter sand is impacted by the screwed-out sand with higher kinetic energy under the condition that the motor does not rise the speed, so that the crushing effect of the large-mass sand at the fixed rotating speed of the motor is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the eccentric ring in an eccentric state according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the impeller of the present invention in an initial state;

fig. 4 is a top view of the impeller in an eccentric speed state according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a crushing chamber housing; 2. a chassis; 3. a feeding port; 4. a buffer air cavity; 5. a piston rod; 6. a dispenser; 7. a support; 8. a base; 9. an impeller main shaft; 10. an impeller; 11. a motor; 12. a drive belt; 13. a yaw ring; 14. and (4) a discharge port.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a mechanical sand making machine for construction engineering comprises a crushing cavity housing 1, a bottom frame 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the crushing cavity housing 1, a material inlet 3 is fixedly connected to the top end of the bottom frame 2, buffer air cavities 4 are fixedly connected to both sides and the front and the back of the material inlet 3, a piston rod 5 is movably sleeved in the middle of the buffer air cavity 4, air is hermetically stored above the piston rod 5, the piston rod 5 is kept at the middle position of the buffer air cavity 4 by the upper air pressure, a distributor 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston rod 5, sand entering the crushing cavity housing 1 from the material inlet 3 first collides with the distributor 6, the distributor 6 pushes the piston rod 5 downwards to pull the air in the buffer air cavity 4, then the piston rod 5 moves upwards to reset by the negative pressure in the buffer air cavity 4, so that a vibrating screen effect moving up and down on the distributor 6 is formed, the distributor 6 is of a convex structure with a high middle and a low periphery, the annular falling openings are uniformly arranged in the middle of the crushing cavity, the width of the central falling opening is the smallest, the width of the falling openings is larger as the width of the falling openings is closer to the periphery, the bottom end inside the crushing cavity shell 1 is fixedly connected with a support 7, the top end of the support 7 is fixedly connected with a base 8, the middle of the base 8 is movably connected with an impeller main shaft 9, the outer side of the impeller main shaft 9 is fixedly connected with an impeller 10, so that when sand and stone materials fall into a crushing cavity on the base 8 through a feeding opening 3, sand and stones with smaller mass directly fall through the falling openings at the higher middle position to the position close to the impeller main shaft 9 in the crushing cavity, the sand and stones with larger mass gradually slide down through a distributor 6 which vibrates up and down until the position of the falling opening with the diameter and width capable of passing through directly falls to the position of the inner ring and the outer ring of the impeller 10 with the higher rotating speed in the crushing cavity, so that the medium-sized sand and stones can be screened to the outer ring of the crushing cavity through the up-and-down vibration of the distributor 6, the impeller 10 which is driven by the outer ring to rotate at a high speed can quickly obtain larger kinetic energy so as to ensure that the kinetic energy when the medium-sized gravel is thrown out by the impeller 10 is enough to collide and crush the naturally falling gravel, thereby avoiding the problem that the crushing efficiency of the medium-sized gravel is lower than that of the small-mass gravel, leading the sand production uniformity of the sand production machine to be higher, in addition, the large-mass gravel which cannot fall through the upper falling port of the distributor 6 falls through the edge of the distributor 6 and is mixed with the naturally falling gravel to fall, and when the large-mass gravel passes through the outer side of the impeller 10, the large-mass gravel is collided and crushed by a large amount of gravel thrown out by the impeller 10, ensuring that the large-mass gravel obtains better crushing degree, avoiding the large-mass gravel from falling onto the base 8, reducing the energy consumption when the impeller 10 pushes the large-mass gravel and provides the large-mass gravel, reasonably distributing the kinetic energy of the different-mass gravel to different crushing areas, the small-mass gravel falls into the impeller 10 low-speed rotating area close to the impeller main shaft 9 on the base 8, the medium-mass gravel falls into the impeller 10 high-speed rotating area on the periphery of the base 8 to obtain larger kinetic energy, and the large-mass gravel enters the free falling area to be quickly crushed by the impact of throwing a large amount of gravel, so that the load of the impeller 10 is prevented from being increased, the crushing uniformity of the gravel is effectively improved, and the energy consumption of the device is reduced;

referring to fig. 2, a motor 11 is fixedly installed at one side of a crushing cavity housing 1, a transmission belt 12 is movably connected to the bottom end of the motor 11, the transmission belt 12 connects a rotating shaft of the motor 11 with an impeller spindle 9, so that the motor 11 can drive the impeller spindle 9 to rotate, a speed deviation ring 13 is fixedly connected to the top end of the outer side of the impeller 10, the speed deviation ring 13 is in a ring shape and fixedly connects the outer sides of all the impellers 10, when the motor 11 is started, the impeller spindle 9 drives the impeller 10 and the speed deviation ring 13 to synchronously rotate, the diameter of the speed deviation ring 13 is consistent with the peripheral diameter of the distributor 6, the distributor 6 is pressed down by the falling of gravels to generate the vertical movement of the distributor 6, when the distributor 6 is greatly pressed by a large mass of gravels to drop, the bottom end of the periphery of the distributor 6 is in contact with the top surface of the speed deviation ring 13 to decelerate with the speed deviation ring 13 pressed by friction, the motor 11 drives the impeller main shaft 9 to continue to rotate at a high speed, so that the impeller 10 originally in the state shown in fig. 3 is weakened to bend by the differential rotation of the impeller main shafts 9 at the two ends and the deflection ring 13, and finally becomes the state shown in fig. 4, at this time, the impeller 10 is driven by the impeller main shaft 9 to have a rotary thrust, the distributor is provided with elastic potential energy by differential bending, and when the distributor 6 is pulled upwards by the air pressure in the buffer air cavity 4, the speed biasing ring 13 is not hindered by the friction at the bottom end of the distributor 6, and then the elastic potential energy stored by the impeller 10 is converted into kinetic energy again, the falling large-mass gravel is impacted at an accelerated speed, kinetic energy which is larger than that provided by the motor 11 for the impeller main shaft 9 is provided for the large-mass gravel, the large-mass gravel can be crushed by obtaining larger kinetic energy without increasing the speed of the motor 11, the bottom end of the crushing cavity shell 1 is fixedly connected with a discharge hole 14, and the crushed and reduced gravel is discharged from the discharge hole 14 through impact friction.

The using method of the invention has the following working principle:

when in use, the gravels to be crushed are put into the crushing cavity from the feeding port 3, the gravels with small mass fall to the position on the base 8 close to the center of the impeller main shaft 9 through the small-width falling port at the higher position of the distributor 6, and are pushed by the impeller 10 rotating at low speed to obtain a proper amount of kinetic energy to be thrown outwards, the medium-sized gravels cannot fall after impacting the small-width falling port at the distributor 6 when falling, and then roll and fall around along the top surface of the distributor 6 falling around until falling to the falling port with proper width, at this time, the medium-sized gravels press the distributor 6 to pull the piston rod 5 for a short distance down, and along with the falling of the gravels, the distributor 6 rises back to the initial height, so that the distributor 6 has the effect of vibrating and screening up and down, the gravels with medium diameter fall to the outer ring position of the base 8, and are pushed by the outer ring high-speed rotating impeller 10 to obtain larger kinetic energy, thereby ensuring the speed balance when the gravels with different mass are thrown out after being pushed by the impeller 10, avoiding the phenomenon of poor crushing effect caused by insufficient throwing speed of the gravels with large mass, further improving the uniformity of the whole sand production of the sand making machine, preventing the gravels with large mass from being pushed and thrown by the impeller 10 by using the impeller 10, prolonging the service life of the impeller 10, reducing the load energy consumption of the motor 11, and converting the original kinetic energy outside the impeller 10 into elastic potential energy when the distributor 6 is pressed and greatly falls by the gravels with large mass, wherein the gravels with large mass cannot enter the base 8 through the falling port arranged on the distributor 6, but fall to the free falling area from the edge of the distributor 6 to be impacted and crushed by the gravels thrown by the impeller 10, the bottom surface of the outer ring of the distributor 6 rubs with the top surface of the speed deviation ring 13, and limits the rotating speed outside the impeller 10, so as to form an angular speed difference with the impeller main shaft 9, and after the big quality grit falls, the bottom surface of distributor 6 and the separation of off-speed ring 13, the kinetic energy that the periphery of impeller 10 provided by impeller main shaft 9 and the elastic potential energy combined action of itself this moment provide the kinetic energy size that surpasses that motor 11 provided for the grit this moment to improve the crushing effect of big quality grit under the prerequisite of motor 11 not speeding up, avoided the high power consumption when big quality grit is broken.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a mechanical type system sand machine for building engineering, includes broken chamber shell (1), the bottom fixedly connected with chassis (2) of broken chamber shell (1), the top fixedly connected with pan feeding mouth (3) of chassis (2), its characterized in that: the two sides and the front and the back of the feeding opening (3) are fixedly connected with buffer air cavities (4), a piston rod (5) is movably sleeved in the middle of the buffer air cavity (4), the bottom end of the piston rod (5) is fixedly connected with a distributor (6), the bottom end inside the crushing cavity shell (1) is fixedly connected with a bracket (7), the top end of the bracket (7) is fixedly connected with a base (8), the middle of the base (8) is movably connected with an impeller main shaft (9), the outer side of the impeller main shaft (9) is fixedly connected with an impeller (10), a motor (11) is fixedly arranged on one side of the crushing cavity shell (1), the bottom end of the motor (11) is movably connected with a transmission belt (12), the top end of the outer side of the impeller (10) is fixedly connected with a speed deviation ring (13), and the bottom end of the crushing cavity shell (1) is fixedly connected with a discharge hole (14);

the distributor (6) is of a convex structure with a high middle part and a low periphery, annular falling openings are uniformly formed in the middle of the distributor, the width of the central falling opening is the minimum, and the width of the falling opening is larger when the central falling opening is closer to the periphery;

the eccentric speed ring (13) is annular and fixedly connects the outer sides of all the impellers (10), and the diameter of the eccentric speed ring (13) is consistent with the peripheral diameter of the distributor (6);

the impeller (10) is curved in an arc shape, and the direction of the curved concave surface is opposite to the rotation direction of the impeller main shaft (9);

distributor (6) is receiving the pressure impact when big quality grit falls, make distributor (6) bottom and yaw ring (13) contact friction, kinetic energy with main shaft evenly distributed impeller (10) inner and outer ring converts, make impeller (10) outer lane speed reduce, a part of kinetic energy converts the elastic potential energy of impeller (10) bending into and saves, and fall down at big quality grit, when distributor (6) rises again and stops and yaw ring (13) friction, the elastic potential energy of impeller (10) outer loop storage converts kinetic energy into again, make impeller (10) outer lane possess the kinetic energy size that the excess main shaft provided this moment, the major diameter grit receives the impact of the higher kinetic energy's of back-spin grit, in order to guarantee the breakage of big quality grit under the fixed rotational speed of motor.

2. The mechanical sand making machine for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: and gas is hermetically stored above the piston rod (5), so that the piston rod (5) is kept at the middle position of the buffer gas cavity (4) under the action of the upper gas pressure.