CN113556801B - User access method, device, terminal equipment and medium in ultra-dense network - Google Patents
User access method, device, terminal equipment and medium in ultra-dense network Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/20—Selecting an access point
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0893—Assignment of logical groups to network elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
- H04L41/145—Network analysis or design involving simulating, designing, planning or modelling of a network
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a user access method in an ultra-dense network, which groups APs in the ultra-dense network based on service types to obtain a plurality of groups of candidate AP sets, determines the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request types when receiving the service request sent by a user terminal, then determines the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal according to the service request density of an area where the user terminal is located, and finally selects the AP set to be accessed from the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request types according to the state of an AP channel at the current moment so as to realize multi-AP access of the user terminal, thereby reducing unnecessary switching of users in the ultra-dense network and improving the service perception level of the users. Correspondingly, the invention also provides a user access device, terminal equipment and a storage medium in the ultra-dense network.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of network technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a terminal device, and a storage medium for accessing a user in an ultra-dense network.
Background
In ultra-dense networks, users face many accessible base stations as small and macro base stations overlap each other. The small base station of the ultra-dense network can shorten the propagation distance between the base station and the user, effectively improve the propagation quality of a wireless link, but can also cause poor user perception due to frequent base station switching of the user, so that unnecessary switching of the user in the ultra-dense network is reduced, the service perception level of the user can be ensured, and the method is a key technology of the current ultra-dense network. Considering the mobility of users, there is a user access technology based on the received signal strength, and the technology can realize a multi-connection switching scheme based on RSS prediction on the basis of acquiring the RSS coverage of a cell; the learner combines factors such as RSS, network load, user rate requirement and the like to construct a user access algorithm based on multi-attribute decision; the learner has the lowest energy efficiency and proposes a user access technology for optimizing power and spectrum allocation, and the technology can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the system; also, scholars have proposed a user access scheme combining channel allocation, power allocation and user QoS requirements for interference awareness.
In the above solutions, a single small base station or a macro base station is used to provide services for users, in order to effectively solve the problem of access failure of users, industry proposes a resource management solution centered on users, that is, supporting multiple Aps to provide services for one user, and when the densities of users reach different levels, the multiple connection schemes of users are different, however, the prior art does not provide a multiple AP connection scheme of users, so as to effectively solve the problem of access failure of user terminals.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a user access method, a device, terminal equipment and a storage medium in an ultra-dense network, which can provide a multi-AP (access point) connection scheme for users so as to solve the problem of access failure of user terminals.
The user access method in the ultra-dense network provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets; wherein each set of AP candidate sets corresponds to each service type;
obtaining an AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the service request sent by the user terminal;
determining the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal according to the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located; the service request density refers to the number of the areas where the user terminals are located using the same service as the service request type sent by the user terminals;
and selecting an AP set to be accessed from the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request types according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment, wherein the number of the APs of the AP set to be accessed is equal to the total number of the connectable APs.
Preferably, the grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment to obtain a plurality of AP candidate sets specifically includes:
based on a pre-constructed AP dynamic grouping evaluation model, grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment by adopting a discrete particle population algorithm to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets;
the AP dynamic grouping evaluation model is constructed by the following steps:
and establishing an objective function with the aim of minimizing the energy consumption of the network and maximizing the network load and the average resource utilization rate, wherein the objective function meets the constraints on the time delay, the data rate and the bandwidth requirements of various services.
Preferably, the objective function is specifically:
max{(U avg -μ)-E m }
and there is a combination of a plurality of the above-mentioned components,
wherein Y is avg For the wireless resource utilization rate of m APs, the load unbalance degree of m APs is E m U, the energy consumption of m APs m An allocated radio resource utilization rate for the mth AP m Radio resources already allocated for mth AP, total m The total wireless resource amount of the mth AP, p m，t The circuit elements that occur to transmit signals for the mth AP consume power,transmission energy consumption, p, occurring for transmitting signals for mth AP n，r For the energy consumption of the received signal, p, of the nth user terminal when the nth service is used for receiving the signal n，d For the adjustment signal energy consumption, p, of the nth user terminal when using the nth service adjustment signal m，r The energy consumption, p, generated for receiving the signal at the mth AP on the backhaul link m，d Energy consumption, v, for the generation of an mth AP adjustment signal on the backhaul link a ，v b The method comprises the steps of respectively adjusting the energy consumption of a received signal and the energy consumption of the received signal, wherein m is the total number of APs, N is the total number of user terminals, and R is the total number of services in a wireless network system.
Preferably, the method for grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment by using a discrete particle population algorithm based on a pre-constructed AP dynamic grouping evaluation model to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets specifically includes:
according to the traffic volume at the previous moment, carrying out preliminary grouping on all the APs to obtain a plurality of groups of AP initial sets, wherein each group of AP initial sets corresponds to each traffic type one by one;
constructing a corresponding initial population of the particle swarm according to the plurality of groups of AP initial sets;
calculating fitness of each particle according to the objective function;
and continuously updating the speed and the position of the particles based on a speed-position model in a particle swarm optimization algorithm until the particle fitness is detected to reach the maximum value of the objective function, stopping iteration, and obtaining candidate AP combinations, wherein the candidate AP combinations comprise a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets.
Preferably, the determining the total number of connectable APs of the ue according to the service request density of the area where the ue is located specifically includes:
when the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located is smaller than a preset density threshold, the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal is a first preset number of connectable APs;
when the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located is greater than or equal to a preset density threshold, the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal is equal to the sum of the first preset number of connectable APs and the second preset number of connectable APs.
Preferably, the selecting the AP set to be accessed from the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current time specifically includes:
executing the AP rejecting operation of the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type: searching all channels of all candidate APs in the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment, and eliminating APs which are refused to be accessed by the user terminal;
repeating the above AP eliminating operation until the number of the APs except the eliminated APs in the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type is detected to be equal to the total number of the connectable APs.
Preferably, the AP culling operation specifically determines the culled AP by:
calculating an instantaneous return value generated by the user terminal at the current moment accessing the channel i through the following formula:
wherein, reward i (t) is the instantaneous return value, r, generated by the user equipment accessing channel i at the moment t i Service throughput s of user equipment access channel i at time t i (t) represents the state of channel i at time t, s i (t) is 1, which indicates that the channel is idle at time t, s i (t) is 0, indicating that the channel is busy at time t;
calculating the average value of the return probability generated by the user terminal accessing the channel i at the current moment through the following formula:
wherein,the average value of return probability N generated for the user terminal access channel i at the moment t i (t) represents the number of times the user equipment selects channel i by the time t;
calculating the mean variance of the return rate generated by the user terminal accessing the channel i at the current moment through the following formula:
wherein MSE (rewind) i (t)) is the mean variance of the return rate generated by the user terminal accessing the channel i at the moment t;
obtaining the index number of the eliminated AP according to the average variance of the return rate generated by the access channel i of the user terminal at the current moment:
wherein,the index number of the AP which is the AP of the access channel i of the user terminal at the moment t, namely the rejected AP, and a is a constant;
and determining the eliminated AP according to the index number of the eliminated AP.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a user access device in an ultra-dense network, including:
the candidate AP grouping module is used for grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets; wherein each set of AP candidate sets corresponds to each service type;
the AP candidate set acquisition module is used for acquiring an AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the service request sent by the user terminal;
the connectable AP total number determining module is used for determining the total number of the connectable APs of the user terminal according to the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located; the service request density refers to the number of the areas where the user terminals are located using the same service as the service request type sent by the user terminals;
and the to-be-accessed AP set selecting module is used for selecting the to-be-accessed AP set from the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a terminal device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing a user access method in an ultra-dense network as described above when executing the computer program.
A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a storage medium, where the storage medium includes a stored computer program, where when the computer program runs, the device where the storage medium is controlled to execute a user access method in an ultra-dense network as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a user access method in an ultra-dense network, which groups APs in the ultra-dense network based on service types to obtain a plurality of groups of candidate AP sets, determines the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request types when receiving service requests sent by user terminals, then determines the total number of connectable APs of the user terminals according to the service request density of an area where the user terminals are located, and finally selects the AP set to be accessed from the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request types according to the state of an AP channel at the current moment so as to realize multi-AP access of the user terminals, thereby reducing unnecessary switching of users in the ultra-dense network and improving the service perception level of the users. Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a user access device, terminal equipment and a storage medium in the ultra-dense network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a user access method in an ultra-dense network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a subscriber access device in an ultra-dense network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a user access method in an ultra-dense network according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The user access method in the ultra-dense network provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps S11 to S14:
step S11, grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets; wherein each set of AP candidate sets corresponds to each service type;
step S12, according to a service request sent by a user terminal, an AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type is obtained;
step S13, determining the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal according to the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located; the service request density refers to the number of the areas where the user terminals are located using the same service as the service request type sent by the user terminals;
and step S14, selecting an AP set to be accessed from the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request types according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment, wherein the number of the APs of the AP set to be accessed is equal to the total number of the connectable APs.
The user access method in the ultra-dense network provided by the embodiment of the invention groups the APs in the ultra-dense network based on the service type to obtain a plurality of groups of candidate AP sets, determines the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request type when receiving the service request sent by the user terminal, then determines the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal according to the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located, and finally selects the AP set to be accessed from the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment so as to realize multi-AP access of the user terminal, thereby reducing unnecessary switching of users in the ultra-dense network and improving the service perception level of the users.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S11 "grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment to obtain a plurality of AP candidate sets" specifically includes:
based on a pre-constructed AP dynamic grouping evaluation model, grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment by adopting a discrete particle population algorithm to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets;
the AP dynamic grouping evaluation model is constructed by the following steps:
and establishing an objective function with the aim of minimizing the energy consumption of the network and maximizing the network load and the average resource utilization rate, wherein the objective function meets the constraints on the time delay, the data rate and the bandwidth requirements of various services.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to effectively cope with the QoS requirement of a user in the access process of a plurality of APs, the APs are grouped, and when grouping, a multi-attribute AP dynamic grouping evaluation model is designed in consideration of the channel state of each AP at different moments, the time delay of user service data, the data rate, the bandwidth requirement of service and the computing resource requirement, so as to realize the AP grouping which balances the energy consumption, the load balance and the utilization rate, further obtain a plurality of candidate APs with better communication quality of each service type, and then, when the service request of a user terminal is received, a corresponding AP candidate set can be obtained according to the service request type of the user terminal, and a plurality of APs accessed by the user terminal equipment are selected from the AP candidate set, thereby improving the service quality of the user.
In one embodiment, the objective function is specifically:
max{(U avg -μ)-E m }
and there is a combination of a plurality of the above-mentioned components,
wherein Y is avg For the wireless resource utilization rate of m APs, the load unbalance degree of m APs is E m U, the energy consumption of m APs m An allocated radio resource utilization rate for the mth AP m Radio resources already allocated for mth AP, total m Radio resource for mth APTotal amount, p m，t The circuit elements that occur to transmit signals for the mth AP consume power,transmission energy consumption, p, occurring for transmitting signals for mth AP n，r For the energy consumption of the received signal, p, of the nth user terminal when the nth service is used for receiving the signal n，d For the adjustment signal energy consumption, p, of the nth user terminal when using the nth service adjustment signal m，r The energy consumption, p, generated for receiving the signal at the mth AP on the backhaul link m，d Energy consumption, v, for the generation of an mth AP adjustment signal on the backhaul link a ，v b The method comprises the steps of respectively adjusting the energy consumption of a received signal and the energy consumption of the received signal, wherein m is the total number of APs, N is the total number of user terminals, and R is the total number of services in a wireless network system.
In the embodiment of the invention, the M aps are deployed in the area where the user terminal is located, N users need a network, the number of service types is K, and the probability of the users using the network obeys the poisson distribution process. In order to improve operation and maintenance efficiency and resource utilization rate, M APs are grouped based on the objective function, so that energy consumption, load balancing and utilization rate required by the grouped K groups of AP candidate sets reach the maximum value.
In an optional implementation manner, the method for grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment by adopting a discrete particle population algorithm based on a pre-constructed AP dynamic grouping evaluation model to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets specifically includes:
according to the traffic volume at the previous moment, carrying out preliminary grouping on all the APs to obtain a plurality of groups of AP initial sets, wherein each group of AP initial sets corresponds to each traffic type one by one;
constructing a corresponding initial population of the particle swarm according to the plurality of groups of AP initial sets;
calculating fitness of each particle according to the objective function;
and continuously updating the speed and the position of the particles based on a speed-position model in a particle swarm optimization algorithm until the particle fitness is detected to reach the maximum value of the objective function, stopping iteration, and obtaining candidate AP combinations, wherein the candidate AP combinations comprise a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets.
In the embodiment of the invention, for each type of service k, an AP candidate set meeting service requirements is selected, and in order to reduce the calculation complexity, the embodiment of the invention adopts the service requirements from high to low and the service volume at the last moment to extract the candidate set so as to determine a proper number of candidate APs, and further adopts a discrete particle population algorithm to search the feasible solution numbers of each group of APs so as to obtain each group of AP candidate sets.
In the implementation, the acquired kth service has D candidate APs, and then the kth group search scheme uses the position x of the particle i i ＝(x i1 ，x i2 ，...，x iD ) Expressed, wherein x is iD Indicating that the D-th AP is selected in the K group. v i ＝(v i1 ，v i2 ，...，v iD ) Representing the particle velocity and updating the velocity of the particles based on a discrete binary particle swarm algorithm:
v(t+1)＝w·v(t)+c 1 ·rand()[p i，best (t)-x i (t)]+c 2 ·rand()[g i，best (t)-x i (t)]
wherein c 1 Representing a self-learning factor, typically a constant; c 2 Representing a global learning factor, typically a constant; w is an inertia coefficient, c 1 、c 2 W is typically set to a constant. And determining the feasible solution AP numbers of each group by utilizing the objective function in combination with the system energy consumption, load and wireless resource utilization rate to obtain an AP candidate set of each group.
In addition, when the embodiment of the invention is specifically implemented, the AP feasible solutions of each group are distributed, so that the calculation complexity is reduced, and the searching speed of a particle population algorithm is greatly improved.
In an optional implementation manner, the step S13 "determining the total number of connectable APs of the ue according to the service request density of the area where the ue is located" specifically includes:
when the service request density ρ of the area where the user terminal is located r Less than a preset density threshold ρ threshold The total number of connectable APs of the user terminal is a first preset connectable AP number p;
when the service request density ρ of the area where the user terminal is located r Greater than or equal to a preset density threshold ρ threshold The total number of connectable APs of the user terminal is equal to the sum of the first preset connectable APs p and the second preset connectable APs q.
In an optional implementation manner, the step S14 "selecting the AP set to be accessed from the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current time" specifically includes:
executing the AP rejecting operation of the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type: searching all channels of all candidate APs in the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment, and eliminating APs which are refused to be accessed by the user terminal;
repeating the above AP eliminating operation until the number of the APs except the eliminated APs in the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type is detected to be equal to the total number of the connectable APs.
Further, in one embodiment, the AP culling operation specifically determines the culled AP by:
calculating an instantaneous return value generated by the user terminal at the current moment accessing the channel i through the following formula:
wherein, reward i (t) is the instantaneous return value, r, generated by the user equipment accessing channel i at the moment t i Service throughput s of user equipment access channel i at time t i (t) represents the state of channel i at time t, s i (t) is 1, which indicates that the channel is idle at time t, s i (t) is 0, indicating that the channel is busy at time t;
calculating the average value of the return probability generated by the user terminal accessing the channel i at the current moment through the following formula:
wherein,the average value of return probability N generated for the user terminal access channel i at the moment t i (t) represents the number of times the user equipment selects channel i by the time t;
calculating the mean variance of the return rate generated by the user terminal accessing the channel i at the current moment through the following formula:
wherein MSE (rewind) i (t)) is the mean variance of the return rate generated by the user terminal accessing the channel i at the moment t;
obtaining the index number of the eliminated AP according to the average variance of the return rate generated by the access channel i of the user terminal at the current moment:
wherein,the index number of the AP which is the AP of the access channel i of the user terminal at the moment t, namely the rejected AP, and a is a constant;
and determining the eliminated AP according to the index number of the eliminated AP.
In the embodiment of the invention, not only the density of users but also the state of channels are considered, and the quantity of connectable APs is determined based on the rule of the density of the users under the condition that the Ap grouping resources (namely the AP candidate set) are given; on the basis of obtaining the number of connectable APs, a multi-AP access solving algorithm of the user based on the channel state is realized by adopting reinforcement learning, and then multi-AP access of the user terminal is realized. In the implementation, the user equipment performs finite exploration on the channels based on the reinforcement learning method, reinforcement learning is adopted to obtain a return probability average value of system throughput, and the instantaneous return value and the return rate average value are processed in a mean square error mode to process the return rate and the return rate average value each time, so that the APs to which the user terminal refuses to access the channels belong are rapidly searched, the APs to which the user terminal refuses to access the channels belong are removed from the AP candidate set, the process is repeated until the number of APs except the removed APs in the AP candidate set is equal to the total number of the connectable APs, the final AP set to be accessed by the user terminal is obtained, each AP in the AP set to be accessed is connected one by one, and then multi-AP connection of the user terminal can be realized, and the scheme of ultra-dense network multi-AP service of the same user terminal is realized.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a block diagram of a user access device in an ultra-dense network according to an embodiment of the present invention. The user access device in the ultra-dense network provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for executing all the processes and methods of user access in the ultra-dense network in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
a candidate AP grouping module 110, configured to group all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets; wherein each set of AP candidate sets corresponds to each service type;
an AP candidate set obtaining module 120, configured to obtain an AP candidate set corresponding to a service request type according to a service request sent by a user terminal;
a connectable AP total number determining module 130, configured to determine a connectable AP total number of the ue according to a service request density of an area where the ue is located; wherein, the service request density refers to the area where the user terminal is located using the service with the same type as the requested service;
and the to-be-accessed AP set selecting module 140 is configured to select an to-be-accessed AP set from the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment.
It should be noted that the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the device provided by the invention, the connection relation between the modules represents that the modules have communication connection, and can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden. In addition, the user access device in the ultra-dense network provided by the above embodiment and the user access method in the ultra-dense network provided by the embodiment of the present invention belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes and specific technical schemes of the user access device in the ultra-dense network are detailed in the above method embodiment, which are not repeated herein.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a terminal device, which comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the user access method in the ultra-dense network is realized when the processor executes the computer program.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a storage medium, which comprises a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program runs, equipment where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the user access method in the ultra-dense network.
The storage medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer Memory, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, a software distribution medium, and so forth.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for user access in an ultra-dense network, comprising the steps of:
grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets; wherein each set of AP candidate sets corresponds to each service type;
obtaining an AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the service request sent by the user terminal;
determining the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal according to the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located; the service request density refers to the number of the areas where the user terminals are located using the same service as the service request type sent by the user terminals;
and selecting an AP set to be accessed from the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request types according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment, wherein the number of the APs of the AP set to be accessed is equal to the total number of the connectable APs.
2. The method for accessing a user in an ultra-dense network according to claim 1, wherein the grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment to obtain a plurality of AP candidate sets specifically comprises:
based on a pre-constructed AP dynamic grouping evaluation model, grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment by adopting a discrete particle population algorithm to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets;
the AP dynamic grouping evaluation model is constructed by the following steps:
and establishing an objective function with the aim of minimizing the energy consumption of the network and maximizing the network load and the average resource utilization rate, wherein the objective function meets the constraints on the time delay, the data rate and the bandwidth requirements of various services.
3. The method for accessing users in an ultra dense network according to claim 2, wherein the objective function is specifically:
max{(U avg -μ)-E m }
and there is a combination of a plurality of the above-mentioned components,
wherein U is avg For the wireless resource utilization rate of m APs, the load unbalance degree of m APs is E m U, the energy consumption of m APs m An allocated radio resource utilization rate for the mth AP m Radio resources already allocated for mth AP, total m The total wireless resource amount of the mth AP, p m,t The circuit elements that occur to transmit signals for the mth AP consume power,transmission energy consumption, p, occurring for transmitting signals for mth AP n,r For the energy consumption of the received signal, p, of the nth user terminal when the nth service is used for receiving the signal n,f For the adjustment signal energy consumption, p, of the nth user terminal when using the nth service adjustment signal m,r The energy consumption, p, generated for receiving the signal at the mth AP on the backhaul link m,d Energy consumption, v, for the generation of an mth AP adjustment signal on the backhaul link a ，v b The method comprises the steps of respectively adjusting the energy consumption of a received signal and the energy consumption of the received signal, wherein m is the total number of APs, N is the total number of user terminals, and R is the total number of services in a wireless network system.
4. The method for accessing users in an ultra-dense network according to claim 2, wherein the grouping of all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment by using a discrete particle population algorithm based on a pre-constructed AP dynamic grouping evaluation model to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets specifically comprises:
according to the traffic volume at the previous moment, carrying out preliminary grouping on all the APs to obtain a plurality of groups of AP initial sets, wherein each group of AP initial sets corresponds to each traffic type one by one;
constructing a corresponding initial population of the particle swarm according to the plurality of groups of AP initial sets;
calculating fitness of each particle according to the objective function;
and continuously updating the speed and the position of the particles based on a speed-position model in a particle swarm optimization algorithm until the particle fitness is detected to reach the maximum value of the objective function, stopping iteration, and obtaining candidate AP combinations, wherein the candidate AP combinations comprise a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets.
5. The method for accessing a user in an ultra-dense network according to claim 1, wherein the determining the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal according to the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located specifically comprises:
when the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located is smaller than a preset density threshold, the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal is a first preset number of connectable APs;
when the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located is greater than or equal to a preset density threshold, the total number of connectable APs of the user terminal is equal to the sum of the first preset number of connectable APs and the second preset number of connectable APs.
6. The method for accessing users in an ultra-dense network according to claim 1, wherein selecting the AP set to be accessed from the AP candidate sets corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current time, specifically comprises:
executing the AP rejecting operation of the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type: searching all channels of all candidate APs in the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment, and eliminating APs which are refused to be accessed by the user terminal;
repeating the above AP eliminating operation until the number of the APs except the eliminated APs in the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type is detected to be equal to the total number of the connectable APs.
7. The method of user access in an ultra dense network of claim 6, wherein the AP culling operation determines the culled AP by:
calculating an instantaneous return value generated by the user terminal at the current moment accessing the channel i through the following formula:
wherein, reward i () Instant return value r generated for user equipment access channel i at time t i Service throughput s of user equipment access channel i at time t i () Representing the state of channel i at time t, s i () 1, indicating that the channel is idle at time t, s i () 0, indicating that the channel is busy at time t;
calculating the average value of the return probability generated by the user terminal accessing the channel i at the current moment through the following formula:
wherein,the average value of return probability N generated for the user terminal access channel i at the moment t i () Indicating the times of channel i selection by the user equipment from the time of being cut off to the time t;
calculating the mean variance of the return rate generated by the user terminal accessing the channel i at the current moment through the following formula:
wherein MSE (rewind) i (t)) is the mean variance of the return rate generated by the user terminal accessing the channel i at the moment t;
obtaining the index number of the eliminated AP according to the average variance of the return rate generated by the access channel i of the user terminal at the current moment:
wherein,the index number of the AP which is the AP of the access channel i of the user terminal at the moment t, namely the rejected AP, and a is a constant;
and determining the eliminated AP according to the index number of the eliminated AP.
8. A user access device in an ultra-dense network, comprising:
the candidate AP grouping module is used for grouping all APs in the ultra-dense network at the current moment to obtain a plurality of groups of AP candidate sets; wherein each set of AP candidate sets corresponds to each service type;
the AP candidate set acquisition module is used for acquiring an AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the service request sent by the user terminal;
the connectable AP total number determining module is used for determining the total number of the connectable APs of the user terminal according to the service request density of the area where the user terminal is located; the service request density refers to the number of the areas where the user terminals are located using the same service as the service request type sent by the user terminals;
and the to-be-accessed AP set selecting module is used for selecting the to-be-accessed AP set from the AP candidate set corresponding to the service request type according to the state of the AP channel at the current moment.
9. A terminal device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing a user access method in an ultra dense network according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed.
10. A storage medium comprising a stored computer program, wherein the computer program, when run, controls a device in which the storage medium is located to perform a user access method in an ultra dense network according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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