CN113555894A - Extra-high voltage direct current transient recovery optimization method, system, terminal and readable storage medium considering voltage stability of receiving-end power grid - Google Patents
Extra-high voltage direct current transient recovery optimization method, system, terminal and readable storage medium considering voltage stability of receiving-end power grid Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-high voltage direct current transient recovery optimization method, a system, a terminal and a readable storage medium considering voltage stability of a receiving end power grid. Screening to form a transient stability fault set; and establishing the relation among different direct current active power, the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set and the transient voltage stability, and designing the optimal recovery strategy of the direct current active power in the transient process. The invention reduces the transient reactive power impact of the direct current receiving end by optimizing the recovery of the direct current active power, improves the transient voltage stability of the receiving end power grid and has good engineering application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of operation control of an extra-high voltage direct current system, in particular to a direct current transient recovery optimization method, a direct current transient recovery optimization system, a direct current transient recovery optimization terminal and a readable storage medium considering voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid.
Background
When an extra-high voltage direct current system runs at high power, a large amount of reactive power needs to be absorbed from a receiving-end alternating current power grid in the transient recovery process of direct current commutation failure, so that the problems of insufficient dynamic reactive power support and transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid are increasingly highlighted. In order to keep the transient voltage of a receiving-end power grid stable, a certain active rotation reserve capacity needs to be reserved for a conventional generator set so as to enhance the dynamic reactive power supporting capability of the generator set. Whereas reserving spinning reserve capacity by conventional units would reduce the power supply capacity of the grid during peak load periods. Therefore, how to improve the transient voltage stability problem of the receiving-end power grid has important practical significance.
At present, the transient voltage stability level of a receiving-end power grid is improved mainly by adding a dynamic reactive power device, such as a static reactive power compensator, a phase modulator and the like at home and abroad. In addition, some documents propose to reduce the transient reactive shock of the dc receiving end by optimizing relevant parameters of the dc control system.
The reverse thinking is adopted, the voltage stability of a receiving end power grid is considered, a direct current active power recovery strategy in the transient process is optimized, the transient reactive power impact of a direct current receiving end system is reduced inevitably, the problem of transient voltage stability of the receiving end power grid is relieved, and the active rotation reserve capacity reserved for keeping the voltage stable by a conventional generator set is reduced. However, from the perspective of optimizing a direct current active power recovery strategy in a transient process, there is no good technical means for improving transient voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct current transient recovery optimization method, a system, a terminal and a readable storage medium considering the voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid aiming at the technical problem that a better technical means is not provided for improving the transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid from the perspective of optimizing a direct current active power recovery strategy in a transient process in the prior art, wherein the method reduces transient reactive power impact of a direct current receiving-end system by optimizing the recovery strategy of direct current active power in the transient process, relieves the transient voltage stability problem of the receiving-end power grid, and reduces active rotation reserve capacity reserved for keeping voltage stable by a conventional generator set.
On one hand, the invention provides a direct current transient recovery optimization method considering voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: the method comprises the steps that the sum of the deviation of the conventional generator set rotation reserve capacity of a receiving-end power grid and an expected value and the deviation of a direct-current active power control value and an initial value is minimum, at least the transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid is used as a constraint condition, and an ultrahigh voltage direct-current system transient recovery optimization model is established;
step S2: constructing a transient stability fault set and determining a maximum ac fault Ω1And then establishing a maximum alternating current fault omega based on steady-state constraint in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process;
step S3: based on the relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set constructed in the step S2, calculating to obtain the maximum alternating current fault omega according to the target set in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri；
Step S4: at the rotational reserve capacity PriSelecting partial faults in the transient stability fault set as a standard, adding the partial faults in the transient stability fault set into an optimal control fault set, and adding the direct current power P to the optimal control fault setdiThe optimal value P of the active power in the corresponding transient recovery process as the optimal control fault setdpot。
The preferred implementation process of step S4 is as follows: traversing the transient stability fault set to obtain an initial value P of the direct current active powerd0Lower fault omegakGenerator reserve capacity PrskAnd based on the generator rotation reserve capacity PrskAnd the rotational reserve capacity PriObtaining an optimal control fault set, and applying the DC power PdiAs the optimum value P of the active power during transient recoverydpot；
Wherein the generator is rotated by a reserve capacity PrskLess than or equal to the rotational reserve capacity PriTime, corresponding fault omegakAnd is greater than the fault omegakMore severe faults all add to the optimal control fault set.
In the transient process of large disturbance of a receiving end alternating current power grid, reactive power absorbed by direct current from the alternating current power grid is in a direct proportion relation with direct current active power, the larger and faster the recovery value of the direct current active power is, the larger and larger the impact of the reactive power absorbed by the direct current from the alternating current power grid is. In the transient process, the direct current active recovery value is properly optimized and reduced, the direct current transient reactive demand can be reduced, and the transient voltage stability of the system is improved. Therefore, the invention carries out direct current power reduction optimization control aiming at the faults in the optimal control fault set, and can reduce transient reactive power impact of a direct current receiving end system. Therefore, the optimal control fault set is preferably determined by adopting the method, and it should be understood that on the basis of not departing from the concept of the invention, the transient reactive power impact of the direct current receiving end system can be relatively reduced by selecting part of serious faults in the transient stable fault set, and the transient voltage stability of the receiving end power grid is improved.
The direct current transient recovery optimization method provided by the invention takes the direct current active power recovery strategy in the transient process as a means, and the aim of reserving the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set for keeping the transient voltage of the receiving-end power grid stable is achieved, and the aim of the constructed ultra-high voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model can be understood as that the deviation between the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set and the expected value is minimum by using the minimum direct current active power reduction amplitude, and the transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid is improved only by adjusting the economic mode of direct current active power recovery in the transient process, so that the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set is reduced, the power supply capacity of the receiving-end power grid is improved, and the direct current transient recovery optimization method has good popularization and application values. In addition, the transient stability fault range is greatly reduced through the constructed transient stability fault set, and the maximum alternating current fault omega is used1The data are solved, and the algorithm calculation process is simplified.
Wherein, the transient recovery optimization model of the HVDC system is expressed as:
min[λ1(Pr-Pref)2+λ2(Pd-Pd0)2]
Vl(tk)≥T1p.u.,tk≥T2s
Pdmin≤Pd≤Pdmax
0≤Pr≤Prmax
wherein, Pr、PrefRespectively reserving rotation reserve capacity and expected value for a conventional generator set; pd、Pd0Respectively is a direct current active power control value and an initial value; lambda [ alpha ]1、λ2Respectively as the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set, the DC active power deviation weighting coefficient, VlIs the load node voltage, tkTime after system fault removal, T1For a transient voltage stabilization threshold, T2Is a steady state time threshold; pdminMinimum power for dc transmission; pdmaxThe maximum direct current conveying capacity; prmaxThe upper limit value of the reserve capacity is rotated for the generator.
The invention sets the targets as follows: the sum of the deviation of the conventional generator set rotation reserve capacity of the receiving-end power grid and the expected value and the deviation of the direct-current active power control value and the initial value is minimum, so that the minimum direct-current active power amplitude reduction is realized, the deviation of the generator rotation reserve capacity and the expected value is minimum, the transient reactive power impact of the direct-current receiving end is reduced by optimizing the recovery of the direct-current active power, and the transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid is improved.
Optionally, the maximum ac fault Ω in step S21The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process is represented as follows:
wherein S is the maximum AC fault omega1In the transient recovery process, a relation matrix of direct current active power and generator set rotation reserve capacity is obtained, wherein the 1 st row in the relation matrix S represents the direct current active power, the 2 nd row represents the generator set rotation reserve capacity, and PdNFor DC active power control minimum value, and PdN≥Pdmin，PdmaxFor maximum DC transport capacity, PdiIs a direct current havingPower control value, Pd0Is an initial value of DC active power, Pr0、Pri、PrNRespectively, a DC active power Pd0、Pdi、PdNThe corresponding generator set rotates for reserve capacity;
wherein, the DC active power control minimum value and the intermediate value P of the DC active power initial valuediExpressed as:
Pdi＝Pd0-i·(Pd0-PdN)/N
wherein N is the total number of intervals between the DC initial transmission power and the minimum control power, and i is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N. It should be noted that the value of the interval value is related to the initial value of the dc active power and the minimum value of the dc active power control, and generally ranges from 5 to 10.
After the transient recovery optimization model of the special high-voltage direct-current system is established, the key is to establish the relationship among different direct-current active power, the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set and the transient voltage stability. The method is characterized in that a transient stability fault set is formed by screening by using the electricity-saving short-circuit current and the transient voltage recovery time, so that the transient stability fault range is greatly reduced; and only a relation matrix of different direct current active powers and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set under the most serious fault in the transient stability fault set is established, so that a direct current transient recovery optimization model for subsequent solving is simplified.
Optionally, in step S3, based on the relationship between the dc active power and the rotational reserve capacity of the generator set constructed in step S2, the maximum ac fault Ω is calculated and obtained according to the target set in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage dc system1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity PriThe process of (2) is as follows:
based on maximum AC fault omega1Traversing the direct current active power value from the initial value to the minimum value of the direct current active power in the transient recovery process to obtain the direct current active power P when the following formula is met for the first timedi：
Pri-Pref≤ε1(Pr0-Pref)
Wherein epsilon1Percentage coefficient, P, representing deviation of initial rotational reserve capacity of a generator set from a desired valuerefReserve rotational reserve capacity desired value, P, reserved for conventional generator setsr0Is an initial value P of DC active powerd0Corresponding generator set reserve capacity of rotation, PriFor dc active power PdiThe corresponding generator set rotates reserve capacity.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a dc transient recovery optimization method considering voltage stabilization of a receiving-end power grid, including the following steps:
step S1-1: constructing a transient stability fault set and determining a maximum ac fault Ω1And then establishing a maximum alternating current fault omega based on steady-state constraint in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process;
step S1-2: based on the relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set constructed in the step S1-1, the maximum alternating current fault omega is calculated according to the following formula1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri；
Based on the maximum AC fault omega1Traversing the direct current active power value from the initial value to the minimum value of the direct current active power in the transient recovery process to obtain the direct current active power P when the following formula is met for the first timedi：
Pri-Pref≤ε1(Pr0-Pref)
Wherein epsilon1Percentage coefficient, P, representing deviation of initial rotational reserve capacity of a generator set from a desired valuerefReserve rotational reserve capacity desired value, P, reserved for conventional generator setsr0Is an initial value P of DC active powerd0Corresponding generator set reserve capacity of rotation, PriFor dc active power PdiThe corresponding generator set rotates for reserve capacity;
step S1-3: at the rotational reserve capacity PriSelecting partial faults in the transient stability fault set as a standard, adding the partial faults in the transient stability fault set into an optimal control fault set, and adding the direct current power P to the optimal control fault setdiThe optimal value P of the active power in the corresponding transient recovery process as the optimal control fault setdpot。
Preferably, the specific implementation process is as follows: traversing the transient stability fault set to obtain an initial value P of the direct current active powerd0Lower fault omegakGenerator reserve capacity PrskAnd based on the generator rotation reserve capacity PrskAnd the rotational reserve capacity PriObtaining an optimal control fault set, and applying the DC power PdiAs the optimum value P of the active power during transient recoverydpot；
Wherein the generator is rotated by a reserve capacity PrskLess than or equal to the rotational reserve capacity PriTime, corresponding fault omegakAnd is greater than the fault omegakMore severe faults all add to the optimal control fault set.
Alternatively, the process of constructing the transient stability fault set in step S2 is as follows:
step S2.1: screening out nodes meeting the following inequality based on the node short-circuit current of the receiving-end power grid to form a set B, and sequentially bringing three-phase short-circuit grounding faults of the alternating-current lines connected with the nodes in the set B into a transient stable fault set;
|Ici-Icmax|/Icmax≤ε
wherein, Ici、IcmaxRespectively is a receiving end power grid node short-circuit current and a maximum node short-circuit current; epsilon is a deviation coefficient of a preset node short-circuit current and a maximum node short-circuit current;
step S2.2: obtaining the transient voltage recovery time of each fault in the fault set of the step S2.1, and sequencing the severity of the faults according to the transient voltage recovery time from large to small to form a transient stable fault set omega;
wherein, the fault with the longest transient voltage recovery time in the fault set is the maximum AC fault omega1。
Optionally, the optimal controlFault set and optimum value P of said active powerdpotThe acquisition process is as follows:
a: selecting fault omega based on transient stability fault set omegakUsing time domain simulation to obtain the initial value P of the DC active powerd0Reserve capacity P for rotation of generatorrsk；
B: judging the reserve capacity P of the generator rotationrskWhether or not the rotational reserve capacity P is equal to or less thanriIf so, the fault omega will be detected1-ΩkBringing in an optimal control fault set, and obtaining an optimal value P of active powerdpot＝Pd0-(Pd0-Pdi)，Pd0The initial value of the direct current active power is obtained; otherwise, k is equal to k +1, k is equal to or less than m, and the step a is returned, wherein m is the fault number of the transient stability fault set omega.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a system based on the above dc transient recovery optimization method, which at least includes: the system comprises a transient stability fault set construction module, a maximum alternating current fault processing module, a calculation module and a strategy acquisition module, wherein the system selectively further comprises an extra-high voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model construction module;
the transient stability fault set construction module is used for constructing a transient stability fault set;
a maximum AC fault processing module for determining a maximum AC fault Ω in the transient stability fault set1And then establishing a maximum alternating current fault omega based on steady-state constraint in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process;
a calculation module for calculating to obtain the maximum AC fault omega based on the relationship between the constructed DC active power and the rotation reserve capacity of the generator set1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri；
A strategy acquisition module for rotating the reserve capacity PriSelecting partial faults in the transient stability fault set as a standard, adding the partial faults in the transient stability fault set into an optimal control fault set, and adding the direct current power P to the optimal control fault setdiThe optimal value P of the active power in the corresponding transient recovery process as the optimal control fault setdpot；
The ultrahigh voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model building module is used for building the ultrahigh voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model by taking the minimum sum of the deviation of the rotating reserve capacity of the conventional generator set of the receiving end power grid and the expected value and the deviation of the direct current active power control value and the initial value as a target and taking the transient voltage stability of the receiving end power grid as a constraint condition.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a terminal, comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs;
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement: a method for optimizing direct current transient recovery considering voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid comprises the following steps.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a readable storage medium storing a computer program for invocation by a processor to implement: a method for optimizing direct current transient recovery considering voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid comprises the following steps.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides an ultra-high voltage direct current transient recovery optimization method considering voltage stability of a receiving end power grid. And then, screening to form a transient stability fault set, and establishing the relation among different direct current active power, the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set and the transient voltage stability under the serious fault in the transient stability fault set. And finally, designing an optimal recovery value and an optimal control fault set of the direct current active power in the transient process. Based on the technical means, the invention can realize the following effects:
1) the transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid is improved only by adjusting an economic mode of direct-current active power recovery in the transient process, so that the group reduction rotation reserve capacity of the generator is reduced, the power supply capacity of the receiving-end power grid is improved, and the method has good popularization and application values;
2) a transient stability fault set is formed by screening by using the electricity-saving short-circuit current and the transient voltage recovery time, so that the transient stability fault range is greatly reduced;
3) and only establishing a relation matrix of different direct current active powers and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set under the most serious fault in the transient stability fault set, and simplifying the solution of a direct current transient recovery optimization model.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optimal transient control strategy of an extra-high voltage DC system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a certain extra-high voltage DC receiving end power grid provided by the invention;
fig. 3 is a comparison of voltage responses for different dc active power recovery strategies provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an extra-high voltage dc transient recovery optimization method considering voltage stabilization of a receiving-end power grid according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an ultra-high voltage direct current transient recovery optimization method considering voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid, which aims at minimizing deviation of rotating reserve capacity of a generator and an expected value of the rotating reserve capacity of the generator by using minimum direct current active power reduction amplitude, sets an objective function with the minimum sum of deviation of the rotating reserve capacity of a conventional generator set of the receiving-end power grid and the expected value and deviation of a direct current active power control value and an initial value, and establishes an ultra-high voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model. Screening to form a transient stability fault set; and establishing the relation among different direct current active power, the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set and the transient voltage stability, and designing the optimal recovery strategy of the direct current active power in the transient process. The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1:
in this embodiment, an ultra-high voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model is constructed, and an optimal recovery strategy of direct current active power in a transient process is determined based on the model. The method for optimizing the ultra-high voltage direct current transient recovery considering voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid comprises the following steps:
step S1: the method comprises the steps of taking the minimum sum of the deviation of the conventional generator set rotation reserve capacity of a receiving-end power grid and an expected value and the deviation of a direct-current active power control value and an initial value as a target, at least taking the transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid as a constraint condition, and establishing an ultra-high voltage direct-current system transient recovery optimization model. The objective function in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system is as follows:
min[λ1(Pr-Pref)2+λ2(Pd-Pd0)2] (1)
wherein, Pr、PrefRespectively reserving rotation reserve capacity and expected value for a conventional generator set; pd、Pd0Respectively is a direct current active power control value and an initial value; lambda [ alpha ]1、λ2And the weighting coefficients are the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set and the direct current active power deviation. From this objective function can be understood: and with the minimum direct current active power amplitude reduction, the deviation of the rotating reserve capacity of the generator from the expected value is minimum, namely the sum of the two deviations is minimum.
The constraint conditions in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system set in this embodiment are as follows:
Vl(tk)≥0.8p.u.,tk≥10s (2)
Pdmin≤Pd≤Pdmax (3)
0≤Pr≤Prmax (4)
wherein, VlIs the load node voltage, tkThe time after the system fault is removed; pdminMinimum power for dc transmission; pdmaxThe maximum direct current conveying capacity; prmaxThe upper limit value of the reserve capacity is rotated for the generator. In the embodiment, the voltage of the load node is greater than or equal to 0.8p.u, and after the fault of the corresponding system is removedThe time duration is greater than or equal to 10s as the transient voltage stabilization criterion, i.e. T is set1＝0.8p.u、T210 s. In other possible embodiments, the parameters may be adaptively adjusted according to actual engineering. In addition, the present embodiment also aims at the dc active power control value PdReserved rotary reserve capacity P of conventional generator setrThe constraint conditions are set.
Therefore, the transient recovery optimization model of the constructed extra-high voltage direct current system is expressed by the formulas (1) to (4).
Step S2: constructing a transient stability fault set and determining a maximum ac fault Ω1And then establishing a maximum alternating current fault omega based on steady-state constraint in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1And the relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process.
In this embodiment, according to the power-saving short-circuit current and the transient voltage recovery time, the order of the influence of the ac fault of the receiving-end power grid on the transient voltage stability is obtained, and a transient stability fault set is formed by screening, wherein the implementation process of step S2 is as follows:
step S2.1: and establishing a transient stable fault set of the three-phase alternating-current short-circuit fault of the receiving-end power grid based on the node short-circuit current of the receiving-end power grid. And (3) arranging the short-circuit currents of the nodes of the receiving-end power grid in a descending order, and screening out nodes with larger short-circuit currents which meet the inequality (5) to form a set B. And in the node set B, sequentially bringing the three-phase short circuit grounding faults of the alternating current lines connected with the nodes into a transient stable fault set.
|Ici-Icmax|/Icmax≤ε (5)
Wherein, Ici、IcmaxRespectively is a receiving end power grid node short-circuit current and a maximum node short-circuit current; epsilon is a preset deviation coefficient of the node short-circuit current and the maximum node short-circuit current.
Step S2.2: transient voltage recovery time of each fault in the fault set of the step S2.1 is obtained by time domain simulation, and the severity of the fault is sorted according to the recovery time from large to small to form a fault set Ω ═ Ω1,Ω2,…Ωm]Defining the fault with the longest recovery time in the fault set as omega1And m represents the number of faults in the fault set omega. The transient voltage recovery time is the time maximum value corresponding to the time when all the node voltages are recovered to 0.8p.u. for the first time after the faults are normally removed, namely, after three-phase short-circuit faults of all the alternating-current lines in the transient stability fault set are normally removed in sequence, the time maximum value T corresponding to the time when all the node voltages are recovered to 0.8p.u. for the first time is obtainedmaxiI.e. the transient voltage recovery time for a certain fault. Wherein, each node voltage has a time for recovering to 0.8p.u. for the first time, and the longest time for recovering to 0.8p.u. of the voltages in all nodes is taken as the transient voltage recovery time of the fault. The primary short-circuit fault means that after only one line (or the same pole double circuit line) in the power grid has a short-circuit fault, the protection device disconnects and cuts off the fault line, and other lines run normally.
Step S2.3: establishing the maximum alternating current fault omega by taking the transient voltage stability of the power grid as a criterion, namely satisfying the formula (2)1And a relation matrix S of direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process.
Wherein, matrix S line 1 shows direct current active power, and line 2 shows the generating set rotation reserve capacity. PdNFor DC active power control minimum value, and PdN≥Pdmin；Pr0、Pri、PrNRespectively, a DC active power Pd0、Pdi、PdNThe corresponding generator set rotates reserve capacity. PdiExpressed as:
Pdi＝Pd0-i·(Pd0-PdN)/N
wherein, N is the interval number between the DC initial transmission power and the minimum control power, i corresponds to the i +1 th row element in the matrix S, and i is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N. The above formula is an interpolation formula, and the power P is initially transmitted in direct currentd0And minimum control power PdNLinear interpolation is carried out between the two to obtain different direct current active power PdiAnd then the time domain simulation method is utilized to solve the alternating current fault omega1After normal cut-off, the DC active power is controlled to be PdiThen, under the stable constraint of the formula (2), the rotating reserve capacity P of the generator set is obtainedri。
Step S3: based on the relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set constructed in the step S2, calculating to obtain the maximum alternating current fault omega according to the target set in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri。
With formula 1 as a target, traversing the direct current active power control value and the generator set rotation reserve capacity in formula 6 to obtain direct current power P meeting the targetdiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri。
In the present embodiment, the following formula is preferably used to determine the dc power P satisfying the targetdiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri：
Generating set rotation reserve capacity P in sequence comparison formula (6)riAnd an expected value PrefWhen P isriWhen the formula (7) is satisfied for the first time, the comparison is stopped and the corresponding direct current power P is obtaineddi。
Pri-Pref≤ε1(Pr0-Pref) (7)
Wherein epsilon1The percentage coefficient of deviation of the initial rotation reserve capacity of the generator set and the expected value is represented, and the value range is generally 0.05-0.1. The setting of equation 7 is to find the following: the aim of minimizing the deviation of the rotating reserve capacity of the generator from the expected value is achieved by the minimum direct current active power reduction amplitude, and the second aspect is that the direct current power represented by the 1 st row of the matrix S in the formula (6) is considered to be discrete, so that P is causedriCannot be completely equal to Pref. Therefore, an error interval is set, and as long as the error interval is within the interval, the unit rotation standby is considered to meet the requirement.
Step S4: traverse theTransient stability fault set, obtaining DC active power initial value Pd0Lower fault omegakGenerator reserve capacity PrskAnd based on the generator rotation reserve capacity PrskAnd the rotational reserve capacity PriObtaining an optimal control fault set, and applying the DC power PdiAs the optimum value P of the active power during transient recoverydpot。
The implementation process is as follows:
step S4.1: utilizing time domain simulation to solve the fault omega under the condition of satisfying the formula (2)kGenerator reserve capacity PrskThe initial setting k is 2.
Step S4.2: checking the reserve capacity P of a generator setrskWhether or not the capacity P is less than or equal to the reserve capacity P of the generator setri. If P isrskIf the formula (8) is not satisfied, the process goes to step S3.4; if P isrskWhen the formula (8) is satisfied, the optimal value P of the active power of the direct current in the transient recovery processdpot＝Pd0-(Pd0-Pdi) The set of simultaneous optimally controlled faults is omegaopt＝[Ω1,…,Ωk]I.e. about to fail omegakAll previous faults are added to the optimally controlled fault set. The transient recovery optimization strategy of the direct current system is shown in fig. 1, namely, a fault set omega occurs in a receiving-end power gridoptAfter the fault in the system is normally cut off, the direct current active power is optimized to PdpotRecovery is performed.
Prsk≤Pri (8)
Step S3.4: k is k +1, k is less than or equal to m, and the fault omega is obtained by time domain simulation under the condition of satisfying the formula (2)kGenerator reserve capacity PrskAnd jumping to step S3.3.
In this embodiment, after other faults in the fault set that is not optimally controlled occur, the direct current is recovered according to the initial active power. The invention selects to carry out power reduction optimization control on individual serious faults, thereby improving the transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid and ensuring the full-power recovery of direct current as much as possible. Specifically, the dc power P is obtained in step S3diAnd rotating the deviceBy volume PriThen, only the generator is rotated for standby capacity PrskGreater than PriThe more serious faults are brought into a fault control set, and direct current power reduction optimization control is carried out; under other faults, the direct current is still recovered according to the original active power. I.e. power down optimization control is only performed for more severe faults.
In conclusion, the method reduces transient reactive power impact of a direct current receiving end system by optimizing a recovery strategy of direct current active power in a transient process, relieves the problem of transient voltage stability of a receiving end power grid, and reduces the active rotation reserve capacity reserved for keeping voltage stable for a conventional generator set.
Example 2:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the following equation (6) and (7) is directly used in this embodiment to find a product satisfying: the minimum direct current active power amplitude reduction is used for replacing the direct current power P of the target of minimum deviation of the rotating reserve capacity of the generator and the expected value of the rotating reserve capacity of the generatordiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri. Specifically, the method for optimizing the dc transient recovery considering the voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid provided by the embodiment includes the following steps:
step S1-1: constructing a transient stability fault set and determining a maximum ac fault Ω1And then establishing a maximum alternating current fault omega based on steady-state constraint in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process;
step S1-2: based on the relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set constructed in the step S1-1, the maximum alternating current fault omega is calculated according to a formula (6) and a formula (7)1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri；
Based on the maximum AC fault omega1In the transient recovery process, the direct current active power value is traversed from large to small sequentially to obtain the direct current active power P when the formula (7) is met for the first timedi: then obtaining the direct current active power PdiCorresponding toGenerating set rotation reserve capacity Pri。
Step S1-3: traversing the transient stability fault set to obtain an initial value P of the direct current active powerd0Lower fault omegakGenerator reserve capacity PrskAnd based on the generator rotation reserve capacity PrskAnd the rotational reserve capacity PriObtaining an optimal control fault set, and applying the DC power PdiAs the optimum value P of the active power during transient recoverydpot。
It should be noted that, the specific implementation process of each step in this embodiment may refer to the statement in embodiment 1.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a system based on the above dc transient recovery optimization method, which at least includes: the device comprises a transient stability fault set construction module, a maximum alternating current fault processing module, a calculation module and a strategy acquisition module.
The transient stability fault set constructing module is used for constructing a transient stability fault set;
a maximum AC fault processing module for determining a maximum AC fault Ω in the transient stability fault set1And then establishing a maximum alternating current fault omega based on steady-state constraint in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process;
a calculation module for calculating to obtain the maximum AC fault omega based on the relationship between the constructed DC active power and the rotation reserve capacity of the generator set1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri；
A strategy acquisition module for rotating the reserve capacity PriSelecting partial faults in the transient stability fault set as a standard, adding the partial faults in the transient stability fault set into an optimal control fault set, and adding the direct current power P to the optimal control fault setdiThe optimal value P of the active power in the corresponding transient recovery process as the optimal control fault setdpot。
Wherein the transient is preferably traversedStabilizing the fault set and obtaining the initial value P of the active power of the direct currentd0Lower fault omegakGenerator reserve capacity PrskAnd based on the generator rotation reserve capacity PrskAnd the rotational reserve capacity PriObtaining an optimal control fault set, and applying the DC power PdiAs the optimum value P of the active power during transient recoverydpot。
In some possible modes, the system optionally further comprises an extra-high voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model building module. The ultrahigh voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model building module is used for building the ultrahigh voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model by taking the minimum sum of the deviation of the conventional generator set rotation reserve capacity of the receiving-end power grid and an expected value and the deviation of the direct current active power control value and an initial value as a target and taking the transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid as a constraint condition.
For the specific implementation process of each unit module, refer to the corresponding process of the foregoing method. It should be understood that, the specific implementation process of the above unit module refers to the method content, and the present invention is not described herein in detail, and the division of the above functional module unit is only a division of a logic function, and there may be another division manner in the actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or may not be executed. Meanwhile, the integrated unit can be realized in a hardware form, and can also be realized in a software functional unit form.
Example 4:
the present embodiment provides a terminal, which includes:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs;
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement: a method for optimizing direct current transient recovery considering voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid comprises the following steps. The specific implementation process of each step is described with reference to the foregoing method.
The terminal further includes: and the communication interface is used for communicating with external equipment and carrying out data interactive transmission.
The memory may include high speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile defibrillator, such as at least one disk memory.
If the memory, the processor and the communication interface are implemented independently, the memory, the processor and the communication interface may be connected to each other through a bus and perform communication with each other. The bus may be an industry standard architecture bus, a peripheral device interconnect bus, an extended industry standard architecture bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.
Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory, the processor, and the communication interface are integrated on a chip, the memory, the processor, that is, the communication interface may complete communication with each other through the internal interface.
It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present invention, the Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the Processor may also be other general purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The memory may include both read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor. The portion of memory may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store device type information.
Example 5:
the present embodiments provide a readable storage medium storing a computer program for invocation by a processor to implement: a method for optimizing direct current transient recovery considering voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid comprises the following steps.
The readable storage medium is a computer readable storage medium, which may be an internal storage unit of the controller according to any of the foregoing embodiments, for example, a hard disk or a memory of the controller. The readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the controller, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like provided on the controller. Further, the readable storage medium may also include both an internal storage unit of the controller and an external storage device. The readable storage medium is used for storing the computer program and other programs and data required by the controller. The readable storage medium may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned readable storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
The advantages and benefits of the present invention will be further illustrated below with respect to a certain application as an example.
A schematic diagram of an actual extra-high voltage dc receiving end grid is shown in fig. 2. Wherein, the DC rated voltage is 800kV, and the rated power is 8000 MW. The maximum direct current power transmission capacity is 5500MW, and the minimum running power is 800 MW. Active power P of extra-high voltage direct current systemd0When 5500MW, in order to keep receiving end electric wire netting transient voltage stable, load center thermal power generating unit rotates reserve total capacity about 2000 MW. The expected value of the rotary standby total capacity of the load center thermal power generating unit is 1600 MW.
By calculating each in the networkNode short circuit current, and using equation (5), i.e. | Ici-Icmax|/IcmaxEpsilon is not more than epsilon, epsilon is 0.05, and a node set B which has larger short-circuit current is obtained as G, H and F]. The three-phase short-circuit grounding fault of the alternating-current line connected with the node B of the node set is a transient stable fault set, namely [ GH, GD, GE, GL, HE, HM, FD, FA, FM]。
Through a time domain simulation method, the transient voltage recovery time of each fault in the transient stable fault set is obtained, and the faults are sequenced from large to small to form a fault set omega [ [ GH, GE, FD, HE, GD, GL, FA, HM, FM ═ GH]Fault omega with the longest recovery time1＝GH。
Ac fault omega1The relation matrix S of the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process is
Obtained by the formula (7) ofdi4300MW corresponding to the reserve capacity P of the generatorri1610 MW. The optimal value P of the active power of the direct current in the transient recovery processdpot＝Pd0-(Pd0-Pdi) 4300MW, the failure set of optimal control is Ωopt＝[GH,GE,FD]。
To compare the advantages of the method of the present invention, the following three dc restoration strategies were selected:
strategy 1: the direct current full power is restored to the initial value of 5500 MW;
strategy 2: the direct current power is restored to 4700 MW;
strategy 3: the DC power is optimized and recovered to 4300 MW.
And (3) fault setting: when t is 1s, the line GH has a three-phase ground fault, and after 0.1s, the fault line GH is cut off. Under the above 3 dc restoration strategies, the node voltage variation curve is shown in fig. 3 while keeping the same total rotational reserve capacity of the thermal power generating unit in the load center. It can be seen from the figure that the node voltage is restored to be above 0.8p.u., and the time required for the direct current restoration to the strategy 1, the strategy 2 and the strategy 3 is 5.3 s, 2.8s and 2s respectively. Therefore, the direct current active optimal recovery strategy 3 in the transient recovery process is superior to the current direct current full power recovery strategy 1.
It should be emphasized that the examples described herein are illustrative and not restrictive, and thus the invention is not to be limited to the examples described herein, but rather to other embodiments that may be devised by those skilled in the art based on the teachings herein, and that various modifications, alterations, and substitutions are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A direct current transient recovery optimization method considering voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: establishing an ultra-high voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model by taking the minimum sum of the deviation of the conventional generator set rotation reserve capacity of a receiving end power grid and an expected value and the deviation of a direct current active power control value and an initial value as a target and taking the transient voltage stability of the receiving end power grid as a constraint condition;
step S2: constructing a transient stability fault set and determining a maximum ac fault Ω1And then establishing a maximum alternating current fault omega based on steady-state constraint in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process;
step S3: based on the relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set constructed in the step S2, calculating to obtain the maximum alternating current fault omega according to the target set in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri；
Step S4: at the rotational reserve capacity PriSelecting partial faults in the transient stability fault set as a standard, adding the partial faults in the transient stability fault set into an optimal control fault set, and adding the direct current power P to the optimal control fault setdiThe optimal value P of the active power in the corresponding transient recovery process as the optimal control fault setdpot。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the transient recovery optimization model of the high-voltage direct current system is expressed as follows:
min[λ1(Pr-Pref)2+λ2(Pd-Pd0)2]
Vl(tk)≥T1p.u.,tk≥T2s
Pdmin≤Pd≤Pdmax
0≤Pr≤Prmax
wherein, Pr、PrefRespectively reserving rotation reserve capacity and expected value for a conventional generator set; pd、Pd0Respectively is a direct current active power control value and an initial value; lambda [ alpha ]1、λ2Respectively as the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set, the DC active power deviation weighting coefficient, VlIs the load node voltage, tkTime after system fault removal, T1For a transient voltage stabilization threshold, T2Is a steady state time threshold; pdminMinimum power for dc transmission; pdmaxThe maximum direct current conveying capacity; prmaxThe upper limit value of the reserve capacity is rotated for the generator.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: maximum ac fault Ω in step S21The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process is represented as follows:
wherein S is the maximum AC fault omega1In the transient recovery process, a relation matrix of direct current active power and generator set rotation reserve capacity is obtained, wherein the 1 st row in the relation matrix S represents the direct current active power, the 2 nd row represents the generator set rotation reserve capacity, and PdNFor DC active power control minimum value, and PdN≥Pdmin，PdmaxIs straightMaximum transport capacity of the flow, PdiIs a DC active power control value, Pd0Is an initial value of DC active power, Pr0、Pri、PrNRespectively, a DC active power Pd0、Pdi、PdNThe corresponding generator set rotates for reserve capacity;
wherein, the DC active power control minimum value and the intermediate value P of the DC active power initial valuediExpressed as:
Pdi＝Pd0-i·(Pd0-PdN)/N
wherein N is the total number of intervals between the DC initial transmission power and the minimum control power, and i is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in step S3, based on the relationship between the dc active power and the rotational reserve capacity of the generator set constructed in step S2, the maximum ac fault Ω is calculated and obtained according to the target set in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage dc system1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity PriThe process of (2) is as follows:
based on maximum AC fault omega1Traversing the direct current active power value from the initial value to the minimum value of the direct current active power in the transient recovery process to obtain the direct current active power P when the following formula is met for the first timedi：
Pri-Pref≤ε1(Pr0-Pref)
Wherein epsilon1Percentage coefficient, P, representing deviation of initial rotational reserve capacity of a generator set from a desired valuerefReserve rotational reserve capacity desired value, P, reserved for conventional generator setsr0Is an initial value P of DC active powerd0Corresponding generator set reserve capacity of rotation, PriFor dc active power PdiThe corresponding generator set rotates reserve capacity.
5. A direct current transient recovery optimization method considering voltage stability of a receiving-end power grid is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1-1: constructing a transient stability fault set and determining a maximum ac fault Ω1And then establishing a maximum alternating current fault omega based on steady-state constraint in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process;
step S1-2: based on the relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set constructed in the step S1-1, the maximum alternating current fault omega is calculated according to the following formula1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri；
Based on the maximum AC fault omega1Traversing the direct current active power value from the initial value to the minimum value of the direct current active power in the transient recovery process to obtain the direct current active power P when the following formula is met for the first timedi：
Pri-Pref≤ε1(Pr0-Pref)
Wherein epsilon1Percentage coefficient, P, representing deviation of initial rotational reserve capacity of a generator set from a desired valuerefReserve rotational reserve capacity desired value, P, reserved for conventional generator setsr0Is an initial value P of DC active powerd0Corresponding generator set reserve capacity of rotation, PriFor dc active power PdiThe corresponding generator set rotates for reserve capacity;
step S1-3: at the rotational reserve capacity PriSelecting partial faults in the transient stability fault set as a standard, adding the partial faults in the transient stability fault set into an optimal control fault set, and adding the direct current power P to the optimal control fault setdiThe optimal value P of the active power in the corresponding transient recovery process as the optimal control fault setdpot。
6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the process of constructing the transient stability fault set in step S2 is as follows:
step S2.1: screening out nodes meeting the following inequality based on the node short-circuit current of the receiving-end power grid to form a set B, and sequentially bringing three-phase short-circuit grounding faults of the alternating-current lines connected with the nodes in the set B into a transient stable fault set;
|Ici-Icmax|/Icmax≤ε
wherein, Ici、IcmaxRespectively is a receiving end power grid node short-circuit current and a maximum node short-circuit current; epsilon is a deviation coefficient of a preset node short-circuit current and a maximum node short-circuit current;
step S2.2: obtaining the transient voltage recovery time of each fault in the fault set of the step S2.1, and sequencing the severity of the faults according to the transient voltage recovery time from large to small to form a transient stable fault set omega;
wherein, the fault with the longest transient voltage recovery time in the fault set is the maximum AC fault omega1。
7. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the optimal control fault set and the optimal value P of the active powerdpotThe acquisition process is as follows:
a: selecting fault omega based on transient stability fault set omegakUsing time domain simulation to obtain the initial value P of the DC active powerd0Reserve capacity P for rotation of generatorrsk；
B: judging the reserve capacity P of the generator rotationrskWhether or not the rotational reserve capacity P is equal to or less thanriIf so, the fault omega will be detected1-ΩkBringing in an optimal control fault set, and obtaining an optimal value P of active powerdpot＝Pd0-(Pd0-Pdi)，Pd0The initial value of the direct current active power is obtained; otherwise, k is equal to k +1, k is equal to or less than m, and the step a is returned, wherein m is the fault number of the transient stability fault set omega.
8. A system based on the method of claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: at least comprises the following steps: the system comprises a transient stability fault set construction module, a maximum alternating current fault processing module, a calculation module and a strategy acquisition module, wherein the system selectively further comprises an extra-high voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model construction module;
the transient stability fault set construction module is used for constructing a transient stability fault set;
a maximum AC fault processing module for determining a maximum AC fault Ω in the transient stability fault set1And then establishing a maximum alternating current fault omega based on steady-state constraint in the transient recovery optimization model of the extra-high voltage direct current system1The relation between the direct current active power and the rotating reserve capacity of the generator set in the transient recovery process;
a calculation module for calculating to obtain the maximum AC fault omega based on the relationship between the constructed DC active power and the rotation reserve capacity of the generator set1DC power P meeting the target during transient recoverydiAnd a rotational reserve capacity Pri；
A strategy acquisition module for rotating the reserve capacity PriSelecting partial faults in the transient stability fault set as a standard, adding the partial faults in the transient stability fault set into an optimal control fault set, and adding the direct current power P to the optimal control fault setdiThe optimal value P of the active power in the corresponding transient recovery process as the optimal control fault setdpot；
The ultrahigh voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model building module is used for building the ultrahigh voltage direct current system transient recovery optimization model by taking the minimum sum of the deviation of the rotating reserve capacity of the conventional generator set of the receiving end power grid and the expected value and the deviation of the direct current active power control value and the initial value as a target and taking the transient voltage stability of the receiving end power grid as a constraint condition.
9. A terminal, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs;
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement: the process steps of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A readable storage medium, characterized by: which stores a computer program that is invoked by a processor to implement: the process steps of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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