CN113554305B - Method for evaluating influence of straw burning on concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matters - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the influence of straw burning on the concentration of atmospheric fine particles, which comprises the following steps: s1, counting the number of straw burning fire points of each day in an area according to a satellite remote sensing monitoring result, and selecting and determining a concentrated straw burning time period; s2, according to the satellite remote sensing monitoring result, carrying out inversion to obtain a regional atmosphere fine particulate matter concentration distribution result; s3, carrying out grid division on the research area according to meteorological conditions; s4, calculating a background value of the concentration of the fine particles grid by grid; and S5, quantitatively calculating the contribution percentage of the straw burning in each grid to the air quality influence. According to the method, the atmospheric fine particle concentration gridding evaluation method model is constructed by fusing the atmospheric pollution source and the atmospheric fine particle concentration spatial distribution, so that the evaluation method for the influence of straw burning on the atmospheric environment quality is shown, the straw burning intensity condition of the region can be reflected, and the influence of the straw burning on the change of the atmospheric fine particle concentration can be reflected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric environment quality evaluation, in particular to a method for evaluating the influence of straw burning on the concentration of atmospheric fine particles.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, a large amount of crop straws are generated every year, and the concentration of atmospheric fine particles is easily and rapidly increased and the atmospheric environment quality is seriously deteriorated due to the fact that a large amount of primary fine particles and secondary aerosol formed by the primary fine particles are discharged from straws burnt in the open air. In recent years, departments such as agriculture and ecological environment in China adopt a series of measures to control the burning prohibition of straws and improve the comprehensive utilization rate, but because the straw burning is generally large in quantity and wide in range, the burning prohibition supervision difficulty is higher, and the accurate evaluation of the influence of the straw burning on the regional atmospheric environment quality is also difficult. Satellite remote sensing is used as a new technology, provides an important means for monitoring atmospheric pollution sources such as straw burning fire points and the like and evaluating the influence of the atmospheric pollution sources on the atmospheric environment quality, has the characteristics of macroscopicity, dynamic property, objectivity, accuracy and the like, has unique advantages in a space range compared with the traditional ground monitoring means in the aspect of information acquisition, and can continuously acquire the straw burning fire points in a large range of areas and the spatial and temporal changes of the concentration distribution of regional atmospheric fine particles, so that the influence degree of the regional straw burning fire points on the concentration of the atmospheric fine particles can be effectively reflected. At present, the mainstream straw burning fire point monitoring at home and abroad can realize the highest 1 time per 10 minutes, the highest spatial resolution can reach 375 meters, the highest resolution of the atmospheric fine particulate matter concentration can reach 1 kilometer, the monitoring frequency can reach once a day, and the requirements of evaluating monthly, quarterly and annual conditions of the influence of the regional straw burning fire point on the atmospheric fine particulate matter concentration can be met.
At present, research and analysis on the influence of straw burning on the concentration of regional atmosphere fine particles are mainly developed based on real-time measurement of ground monitoring sites or atmospheric chemical mode simulation technology, but accurate assessment is difficult to carry out, on one hand, the method is only based on ground limited site data mainly distributed in urban built-up areas, and on the other hand, straw burning mainly occurs in rural areas, and the method is not enough in the coverage degree of the areas; on the other hand, the atmospheric chemical mode is only based on the satellite remote sensing monitoring of the fire point in the part on the evaluation method, and dynamic change of a pollution source list and spatial distribution change of atmospheric fine particulate matter concentration are not considered, so that the traditional evaluation method has the limitation that the contribution of regional atmospheric fine particulate matter concentration cannot be accurately evaluated due to untimely source emission list and insufficient monitoring coverage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an evaluation method for the influence of straw burning on the concentration of atmospheric fine particles, which constructs a gridding evaluation method model for the concentration of the atmospheric fine particles by fusing an atmospheric pollution source and the spatial distribution of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particles to accurately calculate the influence evaluation method for the straw burning on the quality of the atmospheric environment, can reflect the condition of the straw burning strength of a region and the influence of the straw burning on the change of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particles, and thus overcomes the limitation that the contribution of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particles in the region cannot be accurately evaluated due to untimely source emission list and insufficient monitoring coverage in the traditional evaluation method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for evaluating the influence of straw burning on the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matters, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, counting the number of straw burning fire points of each day in an area according to a satellite remote sensing monitoring result, and selecting and determining a concentrated straw burning time period;
s2, according to the satellite remote sensing monitoring result, carrying out inversion to obtain a regional atmosphere fine particulate matter concentration distribution result, and carrying out synthetic calculation according to the straw burning time period;
s3, carrying out grid division on the research area according to meteorological conditions;
s4, calculating a background value of the concentration of the fine particles grid by grid;
and S5, quantitatively calculating the contribution percentage of the straw burning in each grid to the air quality influence.
Preferably, the step S1 further includes:
s1.1, the satellite remote sensing monitoring comprises orbit satellite remote sensing detection, multispectral monitoring data of wave bands of 4 micrometers of mid-infrared and 11 micrometers of thermal infrared of polar orbit satellite remote sensing are utilized, and daily thermal anomaly pixel information of an evaluation area is obtained according to a context algorithm;
s1.2 taking each thermal anomaly pixel coordinate as a center to acquire spatial resolution of thermal anomaly multispectral satellite remote sensing data
Making a thermal anomaly buffer zone with the radius of times;
s1.3, superposing 2m high-resolution satellite images passing within 1 year on the daily thermal abnormal pixel buffer area, and judging the land utilization type within the range of the thermal abnormal pixel buffer area through visual interpretation;
s1.4, counting the number of straw burning fire points in each unit cultivated area of a region every day, and determining a concentrated straw burning period according to the straw burning fire points every day, wherein the concentrated straw burning period comprises a concentrated straw burning early stage, a concentrated straw burning period and a concentrated straw burning later stage;
preferably, the step S2 further includes:
s2.1, the satellite remote sensing monitoring comprises multispectral satellite remote sensing monitoring, and according to multispectral satellite remote sensing monitoring data, a geographical weighted regression method is used for constructing the following satellite remote sensing atmospheric fine particulate concentration remote sensing inversion method model:
lnPM2.5(ui,vi)＝β0(ui,vi)+β1(ui,vi)lnAOD+β2(ui,vi)lnHPBL+
β3(ui,vi)ln(1-RH/100)
where β 0(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the constant term at the observation point (ui, vi), β 1(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the AOD at the observation point (ui, vi), β 2(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the HPBL at the observation point (ui, vi), β 3(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the RH at the observation point (ui, vi), and PM2.5(ui, vi) is a PM2.5 concentration at the observation point (ui, vi).
S2.2 remote sensing inversion of PM2.5 concentration in an evaluation area:
and obtaining a weight function matrix according to the geographical weighted regression model by adopting a weighted least square method, wherein the weight function matrix is as follows:
β(ui,vi)＝[XTW(ui,vi)X]-1XTW(ui,vi)Y
wherein, β is a regression coefficient, W is a weight function matrix, Y is a PM2.5 concentration matrix, X is an input parameter matrix, and the input parameters include: constant terms, AOD, HPBL, and RH;
acquiring the optimal bandwidth of each ground station according to the weight function matrix by adopting a cross verification method, and acquiring the weight function matrix of each input parameter according to the optimal bandwidth;
carrying out spatial matching on the weight function matrix of each input parameter and the geographical position of the ground station corresponding to the input parameter to obtain a spatial function weight matrix;
obtaining regression coefficients of a constant term, AOD, HPBL and RH respectively according to the spatial function weight matrix by a kriging spatial interpolation method;
and according to the AOD, HPBL and RH corresponding to each pixel in the satellite remote sensing data and the regression coefficient, combining the geographical weighted regression model to obtain the PM2.5 concentration of each pixel in the evaluation area.
S2.3 evaluation region PM2.5 concentration synthesis calculation:
according to the PM2.5 concentrations of the regions in the early stage of concentrated straw burning, the period of concentrated straw burning and the later stage of concentrated straw burning, the average PM2.5 concentration of the regions in three periods is synthesized and calculated.
Preferably, the step S3 further includes:
s3.1, the meteorological conditions comprise regional average wind speed, the regional average wind speed is counted, and the average influence radius of straw burning on the air quality is calculated according to the influence range of the wind field in the concentrated straw burning period for 1 hour, wherein the average influence radius of the straw burning on the air quality is as follows:
wherein R is the influence radius (in km), U10For evaluating the wind speed (in m/s) of a 10m wind field latitudinal component on the ground of the region, V10The method comprises the steps that the wind speed of a 10m wind field warp component on the ground of an evaluation area (unit is m/s), M, N is the number of rows and columns of a simulation wind field grid of the evaluation area, and T is the number of simulation days;
and S3.2, dividing the evaluation area into grids of R × R size at equal intervals by taking the influence radius R as the grid size.
4. The method for evaluating the influence of straw burning based on satellite remote sensing on the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters in claim 1, wherein the step S4 further comprises the following steps:
and S4.1, overlapping and evaluating the straw burning fire points of the areas according to the grids defined in the step S3, and counting the number of the straw burning fire points of each area.
S4.2, according to the regional atmosphere fine particle concentration calculated in the step S2 in the early stage of concentrated straw burning, the period of concentrated straw burning and the later stage of concentrated straw burning, superposing the grids defined in the step 3, and respectively counting the average value of the atmosphere fine particle concentration of each grid in different periods;
s4.3, calculating the background value of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters affecting the grid during the concentrated straw burning, wherein the calculation formula of the background value of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the atmospheric fine particle concentration background value of the kth grid during the concentrated burning of the straws,
and
concentration value, eta, of atmospheric fine particulate matters of kth grid in the early stage and the later stage of concentrated straw burning1And η2The weight factors of the average influence of the early concentrated straw burning stage and the later concentrated straw burning stage on the grid background concentration during the straw burning are determined according to the concentration proportion of the fine particulate matters in the atmosphere of the non-straw burning influence grid, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in order to influence the concentration of the fine particulate matters in the grid atmosphere during the concentrated straw burning period,
and
the concentrations of the atmospheric fine particles influencing the grids are respectively the non-straw burning in the early stage of straw burning and the later stage of straw burning.
Preferably, the step S5 further includes:
calculating the background value of the concentration of the fine particles in the atmosphere of the grid influenced by the straw burning during the concentrated straw burning obtained in the step 4, and calculating the percentage of contribution of the straw burning of each grid to the concentration change of the fine particles in the atmosphere in the area, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, CkThe k grid straw burning contributes percentage to the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matter during the concentrated straw burning,
and
the concentration and the background concentration of the fine particulate matters in the grid atmosphere influenced by straw burning during the concentrated straw burning are monitored in a remote sensing mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
a method for evaluating the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matters by regional straw burning based on satellite remote sensing is constructed, a gridding evaluation method model of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters is constructed by fusing an atmospheric pollution source and the spatial distribution of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters to accurately calculate the method for evaluating the influence of the straw burning on the atmospheric environment quality, the method not only can reflect the condition of the regional straw burning strength, but also can reflect the influence of the straw burning on the change of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters, so that the limitation that the contribution of the regional atmospheric fine particulate matters cannot be accurately evaluated due to untimely source emission list and insufficient monitoring coverage in the traditional evaluation method is overcome, and the method can objectively and quantitatively characterize the influence of the regional straw burning on the atmospheric environment quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the influence of straw burning on the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matters.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for evaluating the influence of straw burning on the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, counting the number of straw burning fire points of each day in an area according to a satellite remote sensing monitoring result, and selecting and determining a concentrated straw burning time period;
s2, according to the satellite remote sensing monitoring result, carrying out inversion to obtain a regional atmosphere fine particulate matter concentration distribution result, and carrying out synthetic calculation according to the straw burning time period;
s3, carrying out grid division on the research area according to meteorological conditions;
s4, calculating a background value of the concentration of the fine particles grid by grid;
and S5, quantitatively calculating the contribution percentage of the straw burning in each grid to the air quality influence.
In this embodiment: the step S1 further includes:
s1.1, acquiring daily thermal abnormal pixel information of an evaluation area by utilizing multispectral monitoring data of mid-infrared (near 4 mu m) and thermal infrared (near 11 mu m) wave bands remotely sensed by polar orbit satellites according to a context algorithm;
s1.2 taking each thermal anomaly pixel coordinate as a center to acquire spatial resolution of thermal anomaly multispectral satellite remote sensing data
Making a thermal anomaly buffer zone with the radius of times;
s1.3, superposing high-resolution satellite images which are better than 2m and transit within nearly 1 year on a daily thermal abnormal buffer area, judging the main land utilization type within the range of the thermal abnormal pixel buffer area through visual interpretation, and if the farmland or cultivated land area in the thermal abnormal buffer area accounts for more than 80% of the area proportion of the buffer area, judging that the thermal abnormal point is a straw burning fire point; otherwise, the fire is regarded as other fire points;
s1.4, counting the number of straw burning fire points in each unit cultivated land area of a region every day, determining a concentrated straw burning period according to the straw burning fire points every day, and determining that the day is the initial day of the concentrated straw burning period when the average number of the fire points in each hundred hectare cultivated land area per day of the region continuously five days from a certain day exceeds 1; when the number of fire points of the area per hundred hectare of cultivated land per day in the area of five continuous days from a certain day is lower than 0.1, determining that the day is the end day of the straw burning period, setting T days before the initial day of the straw centralized burning period as the early stage of the straw centralized burning according to the time length (T days) of the straw centralized burning period, and setting T days after the end day of the straw centralized burning period as the later stage of the straw centralized burning.
In this embodiment: the step S2 further includes:
s2.1, constructing the following remote sensing inversion method model of the concentration of the satellite remote sensing fine particles by using a geographical weighted regression method according to multispectral satellite remote sensing monitoring data:
lnPM2.5(ui,vi)＝β0(ui,vi)+β1(ui,vi)lnAOD+β2(ui,vi)lnHPBL+
β3(ui,vi)ln(1-RH/100)
where β 0(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the constant term at the observation point (ui, vi), β 1(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the AOD at the observation point (ui, vi), β 2(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the HPBL at the observation point (ui, vi), β 3(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the RH at the observation point (ui, vi), and PM2.5(ui, vi) is a PM2.5 concentration at the observation point (ui, vi).
S2.2 remote sensing inversion of PM2.5 concentration in an evaluation area:
and obtaining a weight function matrix according to the geographical weighted regression model by adopting a weighted least square method, wherein the weight function matrix is as follows:
β(ui,vi)＝[XTW(ui,vi)X]-1XTW(ui,vi)Y
wherein, β is a regression coefficient, W is a weight function matrix, Y is a PM2.5 concentration matrix, X is an input parameter matrix, and the input parameters include: constant terms, AOD, HPBL, and RH;
acquiring the optimal bandwidth of each ground station according to the weight function matrix by adopting a cross verification method, and acquiring the weight function matrix of each input parameter according to the optimal bandwidth;
carrying out spatial matching on the weight function matrix of each input parameter and the geographical position of the ground station corresponding to the input parameter to obtain a spatial function weight matrix;
obtaining regression coefficients of a constant term, AOD, HPBL and RH respectively according to the spatial function weight matrix by a kriging spatial interpolation method;
and according to the AOD, HPBL and RH corresponding to each pixel in the satellite remote sensing data and the regression coefficient, combining the geographical weighted regression model to obtain the PM2.5 concentration of each pixel in the evaluation area.
S2.3 evaluation region PM2.5 concentration synthesis calculation:
according to the PM2.5 concentrations of the regions in the early stage of concentrated straw burning, the period of concentrated straw burning and the later stage of concentrated straw burning, the average PM2.5 concentration of the regions in three periods is synthesized and calculated. The specific synthetic calculation method comprises the following steps: and respectively carrying out statistics on the average value of the effective PM2.5 concentration monitoring results pixel by pixel in each time period according to the remote PM2.5 concentration monitoring results in the region every day in the three time periods.
In this embodiment: the step S3 further includes:
s3.1, counting and evaluating the average wind speed of the area, and calculating the average influence radius of the straw burning on the air quality according to the 1-hour influence range of the wind field in the concentrated straw burning period, wherein the average influence radius is as follows:
wherein R is the influence radius (in km), U10For evaluating the wind speed (in m/s) of a 10m wind field latitudinal component on the ground of the region, V10The method comprises the steps that the wind speed of a 10m wind field warp component on the ground of an evaluation area (unit is m/s), M, N is the number of rows and columns of a simulation wind field grid of the evaluation area, and T is the number of simulation days;
and S3.2, dividing the evaluation area into grids of R × R size at equal intervals by taking the influence radius R as the grid size. In this embodiment: the step S4 further includes:
s4.1, overlapping and evaluating the straw burning fire points of the areas according to the grids defined by the method, counting the number of the straw burning fire points of each area, and if the number of the straw burning fire points in the grids is more than or equal to 3, determining that the atmospheric environment in the grids is greatly influenced by straw burning and determining that the grids are influenced by straw burning; if the number of the straw burning fire points in the grid is less than 3, the influence of straw burning on the atmospheric environment in the grid is considered to be negligible, and the grid is judged to be a non-straw burning influence grid.
S4.2, calculating the concentration of the atmospheric fine particles in the areas at the early stage, the middle stage and the later stage of the concentrated straw burning according to the method, superposing the grids defined by the method, and respectively counting the average value of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particles in each grid at different periods;
s4.3, calculating the background value of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters affecting the grids during the concentrated straw burning. Calculating the background value of the straw burning influence grid (namely the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters under the condition of assuming that no straw burning fire point occurs) according to the change of the non-straw burning influence grid at different periods of the concentrated straw burning, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the atmospheric fine particle concentration background value of the kth grid during the concentrated burning of the straws,
and
concentration value, eta, of atmospheric fine particulate matters of kth grid in the early stage and the later stage of concentrated straw burning1And η2Respectively as the early stage and the later stage of the centralized burning of the straws in the evaluation areaThe grid background concentration average influence weight factor during the straw burning period is determined according to the concentration proportion of the non-straw burning influence grid atmospheric fine particulate matter, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in order to influence the concentration of the fine particulate matters in the grid atmosphere during the concentrated straw burning period,
and
the concentrations of the atmospheric fine particles influencing the grids are respectively the non-straw burning in the early stage of straw burning and the later stage of straw burning.
It can be understood that, the weighted average method adopted by the method is used for calculation, and other weighting coefficients can also be determined according to the situation through a weighting model.
In this embodiment: the step S5 further includes:
calculating the background value of the concentration of the fine particles in the atmosphere of the grid influenced by the straw burning during the concentrated straw burning period obtained by the method, and calculating the percentage contribution of the straw burning of each grid to the concentration change of the fine particles in the atmosphere in the area, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, CkThe k grid straw burning contributes percentage to the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matter during the concentrated straw burning,
and
the concentration and the background concentration of the fine particulate matters in the grid atmosphere influenced by straw burning during the concentrated straw burning are monitored in a remote sensing mode.
The method for evaluating the influence of straw burning on the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters based on satellite remote sensing is a comprehensive evaluation method, is a quantitative index for reflecting the space-time distribution characteristics of atmospheric pollution sources such as regional straw burning fire points and the like and the air quality change such as the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters, and reflects the contribution of pollutants discharged by straw burning to the generation of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters. Therefore, the method overcomes the disadvantages of insufficient traditional monitoring data or incomplete updating of the pollution source list, and makes the contribution evaluation of the straw burning fire point to the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters more comprehensive through satellite remote sensing.
It should be noted that the whole evaluation process can be calculated based on the straw burning fire point of the grid and the concentration value of the atmospheric fine particulate matter thereof, and the evaluation value of each grid is obtained, so that the influence distribution condition of the area is obtained; the average value of all grids can be counted according to the area size, and the comprehensive average influence contribution in the administrative district can be obtained.
In summary, the invention constructs a grid evaluation method model of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matter by fusing the atmospheric pollution source and the spatial distribution of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matter based on the wide-range high-resolution pixel-level straw burning fire point and the spatial and temporal dynamic change of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matter obtained by the satellite monitoring means, so as to accurately calculate the evaluation method of the influence of the straw burning on the atmospheric environment quality, and not only can reflect the condition of the straw burning strength of the region, but also can reflect the contribution of the straw burning on the change of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matter, thereby overcoming the limitation that the contribution of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matter of the region cannot be accurately evaluated due to untimely source emission list and insufficient monitoring coverage in the traditional evaluation method, and objectively quantitatively representing the influence of the straw burning of the region on the atmospheric environment quality. Therefore, the method model for evaluating the influence of straw burning on the concentration of the atmospheric fine particles provides a new effective technical means for comprehensively evaluating the influence level of the regional atmospheric pollution source on the atmospheric environment quality.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the embodiments disclosed herein may be used in any combination, provided that there is no structural conflict, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and conservation of resources. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for evaluating the influence of straw burning on the concentration of atmospheric fine particles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, counting the number of straw burning fire points of each day in an area according to a satellite remote sensing monitoring result, and selecting and determining a concentrated straw burning time period;
s2, according to the satellite remote sensing monitoring result, carrying out inversion to obtain a regional atmosphere fine particulate matter concentration distribution result, and carrying out synthetic calculation according to the straw burning time period;
s3, carrying out grid division on the research area according to meteorological conditions;
s4, calculating a background value of the concentration of the fine particles grid by grid;
s5, quantitatively calculating the contribution percentage of straw burning in each grid on the air quality;
the step S4 further includes:
s4.1, overlapping and evaluating the straw burning fire points of the areas according to the grids defined in the step S3, and counting the number of the straw burning fire points of each area;
s4.2, according to the regional atmosphere fine particle concentration calculated in the step S2 in the early stage of concentrated straw burning, the period of concentrated straw burning and the later stage of concentrated straw burning, superposing the grids defined in the step 3, and respectively counting the average value of the atmosphere fine particle concentration of each grid in different periods;
s4.3, calculating the background value of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters affecting the grid during the concentrated straw burning, wherein the calculation formula of the background value of the concentration of the atmospheric fine particulate matters is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the atmospheric fine particle concentration background value of the kth grid during the concentrated burning of the straws,
and
concentration value, eta, of atmospheric fine particulate matters of kth grid in the early stage and the later stage of concentrated straw burning1And η2The weight factors of the average influence of the early concentrated straw burning stage and the later concentrated straw burning stage on the grid background concentration during the straw burning are determined according to the concentration proportion of the fine particulate matters in the atmosphere of the non-straw burning influence grid, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for non-straw during concentrated burning of strawThe burning affects the concentration of the fine particulate matters in the grid atmosphere,
and
the concentrations of the atmospheric fine particles influencing the grids are respectively the non-straw burning in the early stage of straw burning and the later stage of straw burning.
2. The method for evaluating the influence of straw incineration on the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matter according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 further comprises:
s1.1, the satellite remote sensing monitoring comprises orbit satellite remote sensing detection, multispectral monitoring data of wave bands of 4 micrometers of mid-infrared and 11 micrometers of thermal infrared of polar orbit satellite remote sensing are utilized, and daily thermal anomaly pixel information of an evaluation area is obtained according to a context algorithm;
s1.2 taking each thermal anomaly pixel coordinate as a center to acquire spatial resolution of thermal anomaly multispectral satellite remote sensing data
Making a thermal anomaly buffer zone with the radius of times;
s1.3, superposing 2m high-resolution satellite images passing within 1 year on the daily thermal abnormal pixel buffer area, and judging the land utilization type within the range of the thermal abnormal pixel buffer area through visual interpretation;
s1.4, counting the number of the straw burning fire points of the unit cultivated area of each day in the area, and determining a concentrated straw burning period according to the straw burning fire points of each day, wherein the concentrated straw burning period comprises a concentrated straw burning early stage, a concentrated straw burning period and a concentrated straw burning later stage.
3. The method for evaluating the influence of straw incineration on the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matter according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 further comprises:
s2.1, the satellite remote sensing monitoring comprises multispectral satellite remote sensing monitoring, and according to multispectral satellite remote sensing monitoring data, a geographical weighted regression method is used for constructing the following satellite remote sensing atmospheric fine particulate concentration remote sensing inversion method model:
lnPM2.5(ui,vi)＝β0(ui,vi)+β1(ui,vi)lnAOD+β2(ui,vi)lnHPBL+β3(ui,vi)ln(1-RH/100)
wherein β 0(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the constant term at the observation point (ui, vi), β 1(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the AOD at the observation point (ui, vi), β 2(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the HPBL at the observation point (ui, vi), β 3(ui, vi) is a regression coefficient of the RH at the observation point (ui, vi), and PM2.5(ui, vi) is a PM2.5 concentration at the observation point (ui, vi);
s2.2 remote sensing inversion of PM2.5 concentration in an evaluation area:
and obtaining a weight function matrix according to the geographical weighted regression model by adopting a weighted least square method, wherein the weight function matrix is as follows:
β(ui,vi)＝[XTW(ui,vi)X]-1XTW(ui,vi)Y
wherein, β is a regression coefficient, W is a weight function matrix, Y is a PM2.5 concentration matrix, X is an input parameter matrix, and the input parameters include: constant terms, AOD, HPBL, and RH;
acquiring the optimal bandwidth of each ground station according to the weight function matrix by adopting a cross verification method, and acquiring the weight function matrix of each input parameter according to the optimal bandwidth;
carrying out spatial matching on the weight function matrix of each input parameter and the geographical position of the ground station corresponding to the input parameter to obtain a spatial function weight matrix;
obtaining regression coefficients of a constant term, AOD, HPBL and RH respectively according to the spatial function weight matrix by a kriging spatial interpolation method;
according to the AOD, HPBL and RH corresponding to each pixel in the satellite remote sensing data and the regression coefficient, combining the geographical weighted regression model to obtain the PM2.5 concentration of each pixel in the evaluation area;
s2.3 evaluation region PM2.5 concentration synthesis calculation:
according to the PM2.5 concentrations of the regions in the early stage of concentrated straw burning, the period of concentrated straw burning and the later stage of concentrated straw burning, the average PM2.5 concentration of the regions in three periods is synthesized and calculated.
4. The method for evaluating the influence of straw incineration on the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matter according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 further comprises:
s3.1, the meteorological conditions comprise regional average wind speed, the regional average wind speed is counted, and the average influence radius of straw burning on the air quality is calculated according to the influence range of the wind field in the concentrated straw burning period for 1 hour, wherein the average influence radius of the straw burning on the air quality is as follows:
wherein R is the influence radius (in km), U10For evaluating the wind speed (in m/s) of a 10m wind field latitudinal component on the ground of the region, V10The method comprises the steps that the wind speed of a 10m wind field warp component on the ground of an evaluation area (unit is m/s), M, N is the number of rows and columns of a simulation wind field grid of the evaluation area, and T is the number of simulation days;
and S3.2, dividing the evaluation area into grids of R × R size at equal intervals by taking the influence radius R as the grid size.
5. The method for evaluating the influence of straw incineration on the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matter according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 further comprises:
calculating the background value of the concentration of the fine particles in the atmosphere of the grid influenced by the straw burning during the concentrated straw burning obtained in the step 4, and calculating the percentage of contribution of the straw burning of each grid to the concentration change of the fine particles in the atmosphere in the area, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, CkThe k grid straw burning contributes percentage to the concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matter during the concentrated straw burning,
and
the concentration and the background concentration of the fine particulate matters in the grid atmosphere influenced by straw burning during the concentrated straw burning are monitored in a remote sensing mode.
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