CN113552455B - Online testing method for voltage division of buffer layer of power cable - Google Patents
Online testing method for voltage division of buffer layer of power cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN113552455B CN113552455B CN202110841859.5A CN202110841859A CN113552455B CN 113552455 B CN113552455 B CN 113552455B CN 202110841859 A CN202110841859 A CN 202110841859A CN 113552455 B CN113552455 B CN 113552455B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 192
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
Abstract
The invention discloses an online test method of voltage division of a buffer layer of a power cable, which comprises the following steps: s1, wrapping the end parts of the exposed insulating layer and the exposed insulating shielding layer by adopting copper strips, and loading cable accessories; s2, connecting cable conductors to form a closed loop; step S3, connecting the metal sheath layer, the copper strips wrapped on the insulating shielding layer and the voltmeter respectively; s4, measuring partial pressure voltage between the copper strip wrapped on the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer through a voltmeter; s5, after the copper belt is removed, measuring again to obtain a partial pressure voltage value between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer; s6, repeating the steps S1 to S5 to obtain multiple groups of divided voltage data, and fitting a divided voltage conversion model; and S7, obtaining an actual buffer layer partial voltage predicted value according to the partial voltage conversion model. The invention quantitatively measures the partial voltage of the buffer layer of the power cable, and avoids errors caused by qualitative analysis to the partial voltage evaluation of the buffer layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable monitoring, in particular to an online test method for the voltage division of a buffer layer of a power cable.
Background
In recent years, with the development of cities, high-voltage power cables are increasingly used. When the cable works, the buffer layer of the high-voltage power cable bears certain partial voltage, and when the quality of the power cable does not meet the requirement, the partial voltage is larger, and the larger partial voltage has influence on the normal operation of the cable and can possibly cause discharge between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer, so that the buffer layer is ablated, and the quality and the service life of the cable are influenced.
However, in the comprehensive performance evaluation monitoring method of the power cable at present, no method capable of accurately measuring the partial voltage of the buffer layer of the power cable exists. When the comprehensive performance of the power cable operation is evaluated, the prior art generally stays on voltage detection and conductor temperature measurement during the power cable operation, the measurement cannot accurately reflect the partial pressure condition of the power cable buffer layer, the cable buffer layer performance cannot be evaluated, and the buffer layer fault cannot be early warned. In theory, when the voltage division voltage of the buffer layer of the cable is measured, the metal sheath layer and the insulating shielding layer can be equivalent to two polar plates of a capacitor, the buffer layer is equivalent to a capacitance medium, and the voltage division voltage of the buffer layer can be obtained by directly measuring the voltage between the two ends of the metal sheath layer and the insulating shielding layer. However, since the insulating shield layer is actually a semiconductive material, the surface resistance is large. Therefore, although the measurement method is simple and visual, the direct measurement of the insulating shielding layer as an ideal conductive plate introduces a large error.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides an online test method for the partial voltage of the buffer layer of the power cable, so as to more accurately measure the partial voltage of the buffer layer of the power cable.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an on-line test method for the voltage division of a buffer layer of a power cable comprises the following steps:
step S1, processing two ends of a cable, wrapping the exposed end parts of an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer by adopting a copper strip, and then loading a cable accessory, wherein the cable accessory is used for connecting the cable with a power transmission and distribution line, the copper strip is arranged between the insulating shielding layer and a semi-conductive buffer layer, a metal sheath layer is used as an upper polar plate, and the copper strip laid on the insulating shielding layer is used as a lower polar plate of an equivalent capacitor;
s2, connecting cable conductors to form a closed loop;
s3, the metal sheath layer is equivalent to a capacitor negative plate, the copper strips wrapped on the insulating shielding layer are equivalent to a capacitor positive plate, and the copper strips are respectively connected with the voltmeter by using shielded measuring wires;
step S4, measuring the partial voltage between the copper strip wrapped on the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer through a voltmeter, namely the partial voltage of the buffer layer when the cable runs;
s5, after the copper belt is removed, measuring the partial voltage between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer through a voltmeter again to obtain a partial voltage value between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer;
step S6, repeating the steps S1 to S5 to obtain a plurality of groups of partial pressure voltage data, fitting a partial pressure voltage conversion model by using a least square method, wherein each group of data in the plurality of groups of partial pressure voltage data comprises partial pressure voltage of a buffer layer and partial pressure voltage values between an insulating shielding layer and a metal sheath layer;
and S7, substituting the partial pressure voltage measured value between the actual insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer into a partial pressure voltage conversion model to obtain an actual buffer layer partial pressure voltage predicted value.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the cable attachment uses a water terminal, and the cable attachment is set to improve the electric field distribution inside the cable when the cable test is performed.
As a preferred solution, the connecting cable conductor forms a closed loop, in particular by connecting the high voltage output of the series resonance test system with the cable conductor.
As a preferred solution, the connecting cable conductor forms a closed loop, in particular by connecting a feedthrough transformer with the cable conductor to form a closed loop for applying a current to the cable conductor.
As a preferable technical solution, in step S6, the divided voltage conversion model specifically includes:
v 1 ＝f(v 0 )
v in 1 V is the partial voltage of the buffer layer 0 Is the divided voltage value between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer.
As the preferable technical scheme, the cable structurally comprises a conductor, a nylon belt, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a semi-conductive buffer layer, a metal sheath layer, an outer sheath layer and a conductive coating layer from inside to outside, wherein a copper belt is arranged between the insulating shielding layer and the semi-conductive buffer layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) The on-line test method for the partial voltage of the buffer layer of the power cable provided by the invention comprises the steps of modeling the cable insulation shielding layer, the buffer layer and the metal sheath layer, enabling the buffer layer between the insulation shielding layer and the metal sheath layer to be equivalent to a plurality of capacitors and resistors which are connected in parallel, wrapping copper strips between the buffer layer and the metal sheath layer to improve the measurement accuracy of a voltmeter, and directly measuring the partial voltage of the buffer layer between the metal sheath layer and the insulation shielding layer by using the voltmeter; according to the result v measured before and after the copper strip is laid 0 、v 1 Find the function f such that v 1 ＝f(v 0 ) When the cable is actually operated, only v is measured 0 The actual divided voltage v of the buffer layer can be obtained through the function 1 This will help to achieve accurate calculation of the buffer layer divided voltage in the actual run.
(2) According to the method, the performance of the cable buffer layer is evaluated according to the obtained buffer layer partial voltage, so that the size of the buffer layer partial voltage is found out more accurately, and the error caused by qualitative analysis to the buffer layer partial voltage evaluation is avoided by measuring the partial voltage of the power cable buffer layer quantitatively; meanwhile, the quantitative measurement of the partial voltage of the buffer layer provides a reliable standard for describing the running state of the buffer layer of the cable, and fills the gap of the performance evaluation of the buffer layer in the comprehensive performance evaluation of the cable; in addition, the relation f between the measurement and the actual partial pressure value can greatly simplify the measurement step of the partial pressure of the buffer layer, and is beneficial to realizing the accurate measurement of the partial pressure voltage of the buffer layer of an actual operation line.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the steps of an on-line testing method for the voltage divided by the buffer layer of the power cable in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the wiring of a conventional test method in the measurement of a divided voltage;
FIG. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the connection of the on-line testing method of the partial voltage of the buffer layer of the power cable in the embodiment 1 of the present invention during the measurement of the partial voltage;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional cable construction;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit between a metal sheath layer and an insulating shield layer during conventional testing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic axial cross-section of the cable after wrapping the copper tape in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the wiring of the cable after wrapping the copper tape in example 1 of the present invention;
the high-voltage power supply comprises a 1-conductor, a 2-nylon belt, a 3-conductor shielding layer, a 4-insulating layer, a 5-insulating shielding layer, a 6-semiconductive buffer layer, a 7-metal sheath layer, an 8-outer sheath layer, a 9-conductive coating and a 10-copper belt.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Likewise, the terms "a," "an," or "the" and similar terms do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items appearing before the word are encompassed by the element or item recited after the word and equivalents thereof, and that other elements or items are not excluded. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited. For example, the connection can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integrated connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this disclosure will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in the specific context. In addition, technical features related to different embodiments of the present disclosure described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not make a conflict with each other.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an on-line testing method for the voltage division of the buffer layer of the power cable, which includes the following steps:
and S1, processing two ends of the cable, wrapping the exposed ends of the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer by adopting a copper strip, and then loading the cable accessory, wherein the copper strip is arranged between the insulating shielding layer and the semiconductive buffer layer. When in practical application, the cable accessory is used for connecting a cable with a power transmission and distribution line, the cable accessory specifically adopts a water terminal, and the cable accessory is arranged to improve the electric field distribution inside the cable when a cable test is carried out.
Step S2, connecting the cable conductors to form a closed loop, specifically, connecting the high voltage output of the series resonance test system to the cable conductors to form a closed loop, or connecting the feedthrough transformer to the cable conductors to form a closed loop to apply a current to the cable conductors.
S3, the metal sheath layer is equivalent to a capacitor negative plate, the copper strips wrapped on the insulating shielding layer are equivalent to a capacitor positive plate, and the copper strips are respectively connected with the voltmeter by using shielded measuring wires;
step S4, controlling a series resonance test system through a control console, applying voltage to the cable, so that partial voltage is generated between the copper strip wrapped on the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer, and directly measuring the partial voltage between the copper strip wrapped on the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer through a voltmeter, namely the partial voltage of the buffer layer of the cable during operation;
s5, directly measuring the partial voltage between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer through the voltmeter after the copper belt is removed, and obtaining a partial voltage value between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer;
s6, repeating the steps S1 to S5 to obtain multiple groups of partial voltage data, and fitting a partial voltage conversion model by using a least square method;
the divided voltage conversion model specifically comprises the following steps:
v 1 ＝f(v 0 )
v in 1 V is the partial voltage of the buffer layer 0 The voltage division voltage value between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer is obtained;
each group of data in the multiple groups of divided voltage data comprises divided voltage of the buffer layer and divided voltage values between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer;
and S7, substituting the partial pressure voltage measured value between the actual insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer into a partial pressure voltage conversion model to obtain an actual buffer layer partial pressure voltage predicted value.
Thus, in actual line operation, the divided voltage v between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer is measured 0 The actual voltage v of the buffer layer can be obtained through a functional relation 1 Without the need to lay copper tape in the cable.
Related measurement principle:
as shown in fig. 2 (a), the conventional test method in the prior art is: directly taking the metal sheath layer as an upper polar plate, taking the insulating shielding layer as a lower polar plate of an equivalent capacitor, and further measuring the partial voltage, wherein the measured partial voltage has a great error because the insulating shielding layer is not an ideal conductive polar plate;
as shown in fig. 2 (b), this embodiment improves the measurement method of the prior art: the copper strips which can be regarded as ideal conductors are laid between the insulating shielding layer and the buffer layer, the metal sheath layer is used as an upper polar plate, the copper strips laid on the insulating shielding layer are used as a lower polar plate of an equivalent capacitor, and then accurate measurement of the voltage division voltage of the cable buffer layer is realized.
Further, considering that the high voltage power cables in actual operation of the system are not provided with copper tapes, the voltage division voltage test of the buffer layer of the cables can only be realized with fig. 2 (a). Based on a large amount of measurement data, an accurate measurement value v during the measurement by laying the copper belt can be found out 0 With inaccurate measured value v when not laid 1 A mathematical model between the two, namely a partial voltage conversion model, the model is specifically expressed as:
v 0 ＝f(v 1 )
according to the partial voltage conversion model, inaccurate measured values can be converted into accurate values, the measurement process is simplified, and accurate calculation of partial voltage of a buffer layer of a power transmission cable in the system is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, in the conventional cable structure, the cable is sequentially from inside to outside: conductor, nylon belt, conductor shielding layer, insulating shielding layer, semiconductive buffer layer, metal sheath layer, outer sheath layer and conductive coating.
Due to the different conductivity of the layers, when the cable is in operation, voltage division voltages of different magnitudes are generated in the layers of the cable according to the different resistivities. In general, the resistivity of the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer of the cable is very small, and the cable can be equivalent to two good conductor electrodes of a capacitor, and the voltage division voltage is negligible.
The buffer layer is positioned between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer, has relatively weak conductivity and can be equivalent to larger resistance.
An air gap is also formed between the buffer layer and the aluminum sheath, the thickness of the air gap at the wave crest is larger, and the air gap is an insulating medium, so that a capacitance structure is also formed between the aluminum sheath and the buffer layer.
Therefore, an equivalent circuit as shown in fig. 4 can be formed between the insulating shielding layer and the aluminum sheath, the buffer layer is contacted with the metal sheath layer at the trough, and an air gap exists at the less-tight contact position, so that the insulating shielding layer and the aluminum sheath can be regarded as a resistor and capacitor parallel structure; the buffer layer-air gap series structure is arranged between the metal sheath layer and the insulating shielding layer at the wave crest, so that the metal sheath layer can be equivalent to a resistor-capacitor series structure, and the metal sheath layer is a good conductor, so that the metal sheath layer can be approximately regarded as an ideal wire on the infinitesimal length between a single wave crest and a single wave trough. At the trough, the buffer layer divides a voltage, i.e. a voltage difference between the metal sheath layer and the insulating shield layer, which can be measured directly using a voltmeter.
The insulating shield is a semi-conductive material and is not an absolutely ideal conductor. Therefore, if the voltage between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer is directly measured, a large error will occur. In the measuring process, if a layer of copper strip is wrapped on the surface of the insulating shielding layer, the copper strip can be regarded as a good conductor, so that the requirement of a model on a capacitor plate can be met, and the partial voltage measured by the method is more accurate. The axial cross section of the cable after wrapping the copper tape is shown in particular in fig. 5, wherein the copper tape is disposed between the insulating shield and the semiconductive buffer layer.
As shown in fig. 6, in step S3, a specific wiring schematic diagram of connection between the metal sheath layer, the copper strip wrapped around the insulating shielding layer and the voltmeter is respectively performed by using the shielded measurement wires;
the above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The online test method for the voltage division of the buffer layer of the power cable is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, processing two ends of a cable, wrapping the exposed end parts of an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer by adopting a copper strip, and then loading a cable accessory, wherein the cable accessory is used for connecting the cable with a power transmission and distribution line, the copper strip is arranged between the insulating shielding layer and a semi-conductive buffer layer, a metal sheath layer is used as an upper polar plate, and the copper strip laid on the insulating shielding layer is used as a lower polar plate of an equivalent capacitor;
s2, connecting cable conductors to form a closed loop;
s3, the metal sheath layer is equivalent to a capacitor negative plate, the copper strips wrapped on the insulating shielding layer are equivalent to a capacitor positive plate, and the copper strips are respectively connected with the voltmeter by using shielded measuring wires;
step S4, measuring the partial voltage between the copper strip wrapped on the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer through a voltmeter, namely the partial voltage of the buffer layer when the cable runs;
s5, after the copper belt is removed, measuring the partial voltage between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer through a voltmeter again to obtain a partial voltage value between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer;
step S6, repeating the steps S1 to S5 to obtain a plurality of groups of partial pressure voltage data, fitting a partial pressure voltage conversion model by using a least square method, wherein each group of data in the plurality of groups of partial pressure voltage data comprises partial pressure voltage of a buffer layer and partial pressure voltage values between an insulating shielding layer and a metal sheath layer;
and S7, substituting the partial pressure voltage measured value between the actual insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer into a partial pressure voltage conversion model to obtain an actual buffer layer partial pressure voltage predicted value.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the cable attachment is a water terminal, and the cable attachment is set to improve the electric field distribution inside the cable when the cable test is performed.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting cable conductors form a closed loop, in particular connecting the high voltage output of the series resonance test system with the cable conductors.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting cable conductors form a closed loop, in particular connecting a feedthrough transformer with the cable conductors to form a closed loop for applying current to the cable conductors.
5. The method for online testing of a divided voltage of a buffer layer of a power cable according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the divided voltage conversion model is specifically:
v 1 ＝f(v 0 )
v in 1 V is the partial voltage of the buffer layer 0 Is the divided voltage value between the insulating shielding layer and the metal sheath layer.
6. The method for on-line voltage division testing of a buffer layer of a power cable according to claim 1, wherein the cable is structurally composed of a conductor, a nylon belt, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a semi-conductive buffer layer, a metal sheath layer, an outer sheath layer and a conductive coating layer sequentially from inside to outside, and a copper belt is arranged between the insulating shielding layer and the semi-conductive buffer layer.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990053860A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-07-15 | 이구택 | Power cable surface insulation weakness detection device |
| CN109917235A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-21 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of cable slack layer electric conductivity defect inspection method |
| CN111060848A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 上海电缆研究所有限公司 | Electrical test circuit, evaluation method and processing terminal of semi-conductive buffer layer |
| CN210803634U (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-06-19 | 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 | Cable buffer layer testing arrangement |
| CN211478619U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-09-11 | 上海电缆研究所有限公司 | Electrical test circuit for semiconductive buffer layer |
| CN111832153A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-27 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Cable buffer layer state evaluation method based on electric field analysis |
-
2021
- 2021-07-26 CN CN202110841859.5A patent/CN113552455B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990053860A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-07-15 | 이구택 | Power cable surface insulation weakness detection device |
| CN210803634U (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-06-19 | 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 | Cable buffer layer testing arrangement |
| CN109917235A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-21 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of cable slack layer electric conductivity defect inspection method |
| CN111060848A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 上海电缆研究所有限公司 | Electrical test circuit, evaluation method and processing terminal of semi-conductive buffer layer |
| CN211478619U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-09-11 | 上海电缆研究所有限公司 | Electrical test circuit for semiconductive buffer layer |
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