CN113550723B - Pressure relief device and perforating gun - Google Patents
Pressure relief device and perforating gun Download PDFInfo
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- CN113550723B CN113550723B CN202010325457.5A CN202010325457A CN113550723B CN 113550723 B CN113550723 B CN 113550723B CN 202010325457 A CN202010325457 A CN 202010325457A CN 113550723 B CN113550723 B CN 113550723B
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
- E21B43/117—Shaped-charge perforators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a pressure relief device and a perforating gun, relates to the technical field of oil and gas well exploitation, and is used for solving the problems of gun expansion and gun explosion of the perforating gun. The pressure relief device comprises a cavity, a piston body, an elastic piece and a connecting piece, wherein the cavity is provided with a columnar inner cavity, a first end of the columnar inner cavity is provided with a communication port used for being communicated with a loading hole on the perforating gun body, the side wall of the columnar inner cavity is provided with a pressure relief hole and a through hole, and the through hole is arranged between the communication port and the pressure relief hole; the piston body and the elastic piece are arranged in the columnar inner cavity, the first end of the elastic piece abuts against the second end of the piston body, and the second end of the elastic piece abuts against the second end of the columnar inner cavity, so that the first end of the piston body is used for blocking the communication port; the piston body is provided with a pit, and the connecting piece is arranged in the through hole and the pit in a penetrating way; when the pressure born by the piston body is larger than the preset pressure and smaller than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the piston body shears the connecting piece and the compression elastic piece, so that the communication port is communicated with the pressure relief hole to relieve pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field exploitation, in particular to a pressure relief device and a perforating gun.
Background
In oil and gas field exploitation, well cementation is usually carried out firstly, namely, a casing is put into an oil and gas well, and then a perforating gun is used for perforation operation. In the perforating operation process, a perforating gun is connected below a tubing string, the perforating gun is lowered to a preset depth in a casing through the tubing string, the perforating gun is aligned with the casing, shaped perforating charges in the perforating gun are detonated, the casing is penetrated by the shaped perforating charges, and an oil-gas flow channel between an oil-gas well and a reservoir is established.
High-temperature and high-pressure gas can be generated after the shaped charge explodes, and is discharged through perforation holes on the perforating gun, so that pressure relief is realized. However, because the size of the perforation holes is smaller, the pressure release is slower, high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be accumulated in the perforation gun, and when the pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is larger than the limit value of the anti-internal pressure of the perforation gun, the perforation gun is easy to expand and blow the gun.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pressure relief device and a perforating gun, which are used for solving the problems of gun expansion and gun explosion of the perforating gun.
In one aspect, the invention provides a pressure relief device, comprising a cavity, a piston body, an elastic piece and a connecting piece, wherein the cavity is provided with a columnar inner cavity, a first end of the columnar inner cavity is provided with a communication port used for being communicated with a loading hole on a perforating gun body, the side wall of the columnar inner cavity is provided with a pressure relief hole and a through hole, and the through hole is arranged between the communication port and the pressure relief hole; the piston body and the elastic piece are arranged in the columnar inner cavity, the first end of the elastic piece abuts against the second end of the piston body, and the second end of the elastic piece abuts against the second end of the columnar inner cavity, so that the first end of the piston body is used for blocking the communication port; the piston body is provided with a pit, and the connecting piece is arranged in the through hole and the pit in a penetrating way; when the pressure born by the piston body is greater than the preset pressure and less than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the piston body shears the connecting piece and the compression elastic piece, so that the communication port is communicated with the pressure relief hole for pressure relief; when the elasticity of the elastic piece is greater than the pressure born by the piston body, the elastic piece pushes the piston body to move towards the communication opening, so that the first end of the piston body is used for sealing the communication opening.
In the pressure relief device, the number of the pressure relief holes is multiple, and the pressure relief holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the columnar inner cavity.
In the pressure relief device, the quantity of through-hole and pit is a plurality of, and a plurality of through-holes set up along the circumference interval of column inner chamber, and a plurality of pits set up along the circumference interval of piston body, and a plurality of through-holes and a plurality of pit one-to-one setting.
In the pressure relief device, the connecting piece is a bolt, and the bolt is in clearance fit with the through hole.
In the pressure relief device, the concave pit is a jack, and the connecting piece is in clearance fit with the jack.
In the pressure relief device, the concave pit is a clamping groove, and the clamping groove extends from the middle part of the piston body to the second end of the piston body.
In the pressure relief device, the second end of the piston body is provided with a first accommodating groove, and the first accommodating groove is used for accommodating the first end of the elastic piece.
In the pressure relief device, the second end of the columnar inner cavity is provided with the sealing cover, the sealing cover is provided with the second accommodating groove, and the second accommodating groove is used for accommodating the second end of the elastic piece.
In the pressure relief device, the piston body is sleeved with the sealing ring, and the outer circumferential surface of the sealing ring is used for being in contact with the inner side surface of the columnar inner cavity.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a perforating gun, which comprises a perforating gun body and the pressure relief device, wherein the communication port of the pressure relief device is communicated with the charging hole on the perforating gun body.
When the pressure relief device provided by the invention is used, the communication port of the pressure relief device is communicated with the charging hole on the perforating gun body, and the elastic piece in the pressure relief device is propped against the second end of the piston body, so that the first end of the piston body is blocked off the communication port under the elastic action of the elastic piece. When the perforating gun is put into the sleeve to perform perforating operation, the first end of the piston body is used for blocking the communication port, so that perforating fluid in the sleeve can be prevented from entering the perforating gun body through the communication port, and the perforating fluid is prevented from affecting the normal operation of the perforating gun. After the shaped perforating charges in the perforating gun body are detonated, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by explosion acts on the perforating gun body to enable the perforating gun body to bear pressure, and meanwhile, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas acts on the first end of the piston body through the communication port to enable the piston body to bear the same pressure. Because the connecting piece has certain intensity, when the pressure that the piston body bore is less than or equal to predetermined pressure, the connecting piece can not cut by the piston body, and the first end of piston body still can shutoff intercommunication mouth, and the perforation hole on the perforating gun body is discharged through the high temperature high pressure gas in the perforating gun body this moment.
When the pressure born by the piston body is larger than the preset pressure and smaller than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the piston body can shear the connecting piece and compress the elastic piece to move towards the pressure relief hole, when the piston body moves to the preset position, the communication opening is communicated with the pressure relief hole, at the moment, one part of high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the perforating gun body is discharged through the perforation hole, and the other part of high-temperature and high-pressure gas is discharged out of the pressure relief device through the communication opening and the pressure relief hole, so that quick pressure relief is realized. Because the pressure born by the perforating gun body is the same as the pressure born by the piston body, and the pressure born by the piston body is smaller than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the pressure born by the perforating gun body is smaller than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, so that the perforating gun cannot be expanded and fried. After the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the perforating gun body is discharged, the elastic force of the elastic piece is larger than the pressure born by the piston body, and under the elastic force of the elastic piece, the elastic piece can push the piston body to move towards the communication port, so that the first end of the piston body is used for plugging the communication port again, perforating fluid in the sleeve can be prevented from entering the perforating gun body through the communication port, and the perforating fluid is prevented from affecting the normal operation of the perforating gun.
According to the perforating gun provided with the pressure relief device, after the shaped perforating charges in the perforating gun body are detonated, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by explosion can be discharged through the pressure relief device and perforation holes, compared with the pressure relief of the perforation holes in the prior art, the pressure relief speed is obviously improved, the perforating gun can be ensured not to be damaged due to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by explosion of the shaped perforating charges, the problems of gun expansion and gun explosion of the perforating gun can be effectively solved, smooth perforating operation is further ensured, the success rate of perforating operation is improved, and the period of perforating operation is shortened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief device according to an embodiment of the present invention when closed;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief device according to an embodiment of the present invention when opened;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 1.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10-a cavity; 11-a columnar cavity;
12-a communication port; 13-a pressure relief hole;
14-through holes; 15-capping;
20-a piston body; 21-pit;
22-sealing rings; 30-elastic members;
40-connectors.
Detailed Description
High-temperature and high-pressure gas can be generated after the shaped charges in the perforating gun explode, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is discharged through perforation holes on the perforating gun, so that pressure relief is realized. However, because the size of the perforation holes is smaller, the pressure release is slower, high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be accumulated in the perforation gun, and when the pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is larger than the limit value of the anti-internal pressure of the perforation gun, the perforation gun is easy to expand and blow the gun. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a pressure relief device, which can rapidly relieve pressure of the perforating gun through the pressure relief device and the perforation holes, so that the pressure inside and outside the perforating gun can be rapidly balanced, and the problems of gun expansion and gun explosion can be prevented.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more comprehensible, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In field exploitation, cementing is typically performed by running a casing into a well and then perforating with a perforating gun to establish a flow path between the well and the reservoir. The perforating gun comprises a perforating gun body and a pressure relief device, wherein the perforating gun body is provided with a bullet loading hole and a perforation hole, the bullet loading hole is used as a loading hole of the shaped perforating bullet, and a communication hole communicated with the pressure relief device is formed in the bullet loading hole, an internal thread is usually formed in the bullet loading hole, an external thread is formed on the outer surface of a cavity where a communication port of the pressure relief device is located, and the pressure relief device and the perforating gun body can be connected through matching of the internal thread and the external thread. When the perforating gun is used for perforating operation, the shaped perforating charge is firstly filled into the perforating gun body through the charging hole, and then the communication port of the pressure relief device is communicated with the charging hole. After detonation of the shaped charges, the shaped charges are ejected from the perforations and then the casing is shot through, thereby establishing a hydrocarbon flow path between the hydrocarbon well and the reservoir. And one part of high-temperature high-pressure gas generated after the shaped charge explodes can be discharged through the perforation holes, and the other part of high-temperature high-pressure gas can be discharged through the loading holes by the pressure relief device, so that quick pressure relief is realized, the pressure inside and outside the perforating gun is quickly balanced, and the problems of gun expansion and gun explosion are prevented.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief device according to an embodiment of the present invention when closed; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief device according to an embodiment of the present invention when opened; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the pressure relief device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a cavity 10, a piston body 20, an elastic piece 30 and a connecting piece 40, wherein the cavity 10 is provided with a columnar inner cavity 11, a first end of the columnar inner cavity 11 is provided with a communication port 12 for communicating with a loading hole on a perforating gun body, the side wall of the columnar inner cavity 11 is provided with a pressure relief hole 13 and a through hole 14, and the through hole 14 is arranged between the communication port 12 and the pressure relief hole 13. The piston body 20 and the elastic member 30 are installed in the cylindrical cavity 11, and the first end of the elastic member 30 abuts against the second end of the piston body 20, and the second end of the elastic member 30 abuts against the second end of the cylindrical cavity 11, so that the first end of the piston body 20 seals the communication port 12. The piston body 20 is provided with a pit 21, and the connecting piece 40 is penetrated in the through hole 14 and the pit 21. When the pressure born by the piston body 20 is greater than the preset pressure and less than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the piston body 20 shears the connecting piece 40 and the compression elastic piece 30, so that the communication port 12 is communicated with the pressure relief hole 13 for pressure relief. When the elastic force of the elastic member 30 is greater than the pressure born by the piston body 20, the elastic member 30 pushes the piston body 20 to move towards the communication port 12, so that the first end of the piston body 20 closes the communication port 12.
In this embodiment, the cavity 10 is a housing with an inner cavity, and the shape of the cavity 10 may be cylindrical, or may be other shapes, such as a cuboid, a sphere, etc. Preferably, the cavity 10 is cylindrical in shape. The inner cavity of the cavity 10 is a columnar inner cavity 11, and the columnar inner cavity 11 is columnar. For example, the columnar cavity 11 may be a columnar cavity or a polygonal columnar cavity. Preferably, the cylindrical cavity 11 is a cylindrical cavity.
Since the columnar cavity 11 is the cavity of the cavity 10, the side wall of the columnar cavity 11 is the side wall of the cavity 10, and the inner side surface of the columnar cavity 11 is the inner side surface of the cavity 10. The cylindrical cavity 11 has opposite first and second ends in the length direction. For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first end of the columnar cavity 11 is the upper end of the columnar cavity 11, and the second end of the columnar cavity 11 is the lower end of the columnar cavity 11.
Wherein, the first end of column inner chamber 11 is equipped with intercommunication mouth 12, and intercommunication mouth 12 communicates with the loading hole on column inner chamber 11 and the perforating gun body respectively. The side wall of the columnar cavity 11 is provided with a pressure relief hole 13 and a through hole 14, that is, the side wall of the cavity 10 is provided with the pressure relief hole 13 and the through hole 14, and the pressure relief hole 13 is communicated with the columnar cavity 11. The communication port 12 communicates with the pressure release hole 13 through the columnar inner cavity 11 so as to release pressure.
A piston body 20 and an elastic member 30 are installed in the cylindrical inner chamber 11. Wherein the shape of the piston body 20 matches the shape of the cylindrical cavity 11, i.e. the shape of the piston body 20 is also cylindrical. The piston body 20 has opposite first and second ends in a length direction. For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first end of the piston body 20 is an upper end of the piston body 20, and the second end of the piston body 20 is a lower end of the piston body 20. The elastic member 30 is a member that can deform along its length direction by using its elasticity, and can recover its original shape after removing the external force, and may be a coil spring, an elastic sheet, an elastic ring, or an elastic column. The spring 30 has opposite first and second ends in the length direction. For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first end of the elastic member 30 is an upper end of the elastic member 30, and the second end of the elastic member 30 is a lower end of the elastic member 30.
Because the first end of the elastic piece 30 abuts against the second end of the piston body 20, the second end of the elastic piece 30 abuts against the second end of the columnar inner cavity 11, so that the elastic piece 30 is in a compressed state, and under the elastic action of the elastic piece 30, the first end of the piston body 20 can be enabled to block the communication port 12, and therefore the communication between the communication port 12 and the pressure relief hole 13 is blocked.
Wherein, the concave pit 21 is formed on the piston body 20, which means that the concave pit 21 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the piston body 20 from the outer circumferential surface to the inner portion. The connecting piece 40 is penetrated in the through hole 14 and the recess 21, and the connecting piece 40 is used for connecting the piston body 20 with the cavity 10. The predetermined pressure refers to a maximum value of the pressure that the piston body 20 can withstand when the piston body 20 is subjected to the pressure and the connecting piece 40 is not sheared by the piston body 20. The limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body refers to the maximum value of the pressure which can be born by the perforating gun body when the perforating gun body bears the pressure and the perforating gun body cannot expand or blow the gun. When the pressure born by the piston body 20 is greater than a predetermined pressure and less than or equal to an internal pressure resistant limit value of the perforating gun body, the piston body 20 shears the connecting member 40 and the compression elastic member 30, thereby allowing the communication port 12 to communicate with the pressure release hole 13 for pressure release.
Wherein, the cavity 10 and the piston body 20 are both made of metal materials to avoid damage when being subjected to high pressure. The elastic member 30 may be a spring with a predetermined elastic coefficient or other elastic members according to actual needs, and only the elastic force of the elastic member 30 is needed to enable the first end of the piston body 20 to close the communication port 12. The connector 40 may be made of a predetermined thickness and a predetermined length according to actual needs so that the pressure relief device has a suitable predetermined pressure. It will be appreciated that different perforating gun bodies have different internal pressure limits, and that connectors 40 of different thickness and length may be selected for different perforating gun bodies so that the predetermined pressure of the pressure relief device is less than the internal pressure limit of the perforating gun body.
When the pressure relief device provided by the invention is used, the communication port 12 of the pressure relief device is communicated with the charging hole on the perforating gun body, and the elastic piece 30 in the pressure relief device is propped against the second end of the piston body 20, so that the first end of the piston body 20 is blocked off the communication port 12 under the elastic action of the elastic piece 30. When the perforating gun is put into the sleeve to perform perforating operation, the first end of the piston body 20 is used for blocking the communication port 12, so that perforating fluid in the sleeve can be prevented from entering the perforating gun body through the communication port 12, and the perforating fluid is prevented from affecting the normal operation of the perforating gun. After the shaped charges in the perforating gun body are detonated, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by explosion acts on the perforating gun body to enable the perforating gun body to bear pressure, and meanwhile, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas acts on the first end of the piston body 20 through the communication port 12 to enable the piston body 20 to bear the same pressure. Because the connecting piece 40 has a certain strength, when the pressure born by the piston body 20 is less than or equal to the preset pressure, the connecting piece 40 is not sheared by the piston body 20, the first end of the piston body 20 can still block the communication port 12, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the perforating gun body is discharged through the perforation holes on the perforating gun body.
When the pressure born by the piston body 20 is greater than the preset pressure and less than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the piston body 20 shears the connecting piece 40 and compresses the elastic piece 30 to move towards the pressure relief hole 13, when the piston body 20 moves to the preset position, the communication port 12 is communicated with the pressure relief hole 13, at this time, part of high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the perforating gun body is discharged through the perforating holes, and the other part of high-temperature and high-pressure gas is discharged out of the pressure relief device through the communication port 12 and the pressure relief hole 13, so that quick pressure relief is realized. Because the pressure born by the perforating gun body is the same as the pressure born by the piston body 20, and the pressure born by the piston body 20 is smaller than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the pressure born by the perforating gun body is smaller than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, so that the perforating gun cannot be expanded and fried. After the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the perforating gun body is discharged, the elastic force of the elastic piece 30 is larger than the pressure born by the piston body 20, under the elastic force of the elastic piece 30, the elastic piece 30 can push the piston body 20 to move towards the communication port 12, so that the first end of the piston body 20 can be used for plugging the communication port 12 again, perforating fluid in a sleeve can be prevented from entering the perforating gun body through the communication port 12, and the perforating fluid is prevented from affecting the normal operation of the perforating gun.
According to the perforating gun provided with the pressure relief device, after the shaped perforating charges in the perforating gun body are detonated, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by explosion can be discharged through the pressure relief device and perforation holes, compared with the pressure relief of the perforation holes in the prior art, the pressure relief speed is obviously improved, the perforating gun can be ensured not to be damaged due to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by explosion of the shaped perforating charges, the problems of gun expansion and gun explosion of the perforating gun can be effectively solved, smooth perforating operation is further ensured, the success rate of perforating operation is improved, and the period of perforating operation is shortened.
In order to control the pressure difference between the reservoir and the oil and gas well during perforation operation by using the pressure of the perforating liquid, the problems of blowout, perforation blockage, reservoir damage report and the like during perforation operation are prevented, and the casing is filled with the perforating liquid. In order to avoid that the perforating fluid affects the normal operation of the perforating gun, the perforating fluid needs to be prevented from entering the perforating gun body in the whole perforating operation process. In the process of discharging high-temperature high-pressure gas in the perforating gun body, the perforating liquid cannot enter the perforating gun body due to the fact that the high-temperature high-pressure gas is continuously and rapidly discharged. Before and after the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the perforating gun body is discharged, the first end of the piston body 20 can be blocked off the communication port 12 under the elastic force of the elastic member 30, and perforation liquid can be prevented from entering the perforating gun body.
The predetermined position in the above embodiment means a position where the piston body 20 moves to communicate the communication port 12 with the relief hole 13. That is, when the piston body 20 moves to this position, the first end of the piston body 20 no longer closes the communication port 12 and the piston body 20 no longer seals with the inner side surface of the columnar cavity 11, thereby allowing the communication port 12 to communicate with the relief hole 13.
In a possible embodiment, the inner side of the cylindrical cavity 11 is provided with a step surface, which is adjacent to the first end of the cylindrical cavity 11, through which the communication port 12 penetrates. Under the elastic force of the elastic member 30, the first end of the piston body 20 abuts against the step surface, so that the first end of the piston body 20 seals the communication port 12. At this time, the through-hole 14 and the recess 21 are positioned exactly on the same plane, and the piston body 20 and the chamber 10 can be coupled by inserting the coupling member 40 into the through-hole 14 and the recess 21.
In the above embodiment, when the piston body 20 moves to the predetermined position, the communication port 12 communicates with the relief hole 13. In one possible embodiment, the number of the pressure relief holes 13 is plural, and the plurality of pressure relief holes 13 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the columnar cavity 11. In the pressure release process, the pressure release speed of the pressure release holes 13 is higher, so that the perforating gun can be prevented from being damaged due to high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the explosion of the shaped charge, and meanwhile, the time that the pressure release device bears the pressure is shorter, so that the service life of the pressure release device is longer.
Preferably, the plurality of pressure relief holes 13 are uniformly spaced along the circumference of the cylindrical inner cavity 11. In this way, in the pressure release process, the pressure born by the cavity 10 is more uniform, so that the service life of the pressure release device is longer. For example, the number of the pressure release holes 13 is four, and the four pressure release holes 13 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the columnar inner cavity 11.
In the above embodiment, in order to ensure that when the pressure borne by the piston body 20 is less than or equal to the predetermined pressure, the first end of the piston body 20 always blocks the communication port 12, preventing the perforating fluid from entering the perforating gun body, the elastic member 30 is disposed between the second end of the piston body 20 and the second end of the cylindrical cavity 11, and at the same time, the connecting member 40 is disposed, and the connecting member 40 is disposed in the through hole 14 and the pit 21 corresponding to the through hole 14. In one possible embodiment, the number of through holes 14 and the number of pits 21 are all plural, the through holes 14 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the columnar cavity 11, the pits 21 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the piston body 20, and the through holes 14 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pits 21. For example, the number of the through holes 14 and the pits 21 is four, the four through holes 14 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the columnar cavity 11, the four pits 21 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the piston body 20, and the four through holes 14 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four pits 21.
The number of the through holes 14 and the pits 21 is set to be a plurality, and different numbers of the connecting pieces 40 are selectively installed according to different preset pressures to connect the piston body 20 with the cavity 10, so that the pressure relief device can have a plurality of different preset pressures, and can be suitable for a plurality of different perforating gun bodies.
For example, when a connecting member 40 is inserted into the through hole 14 and the recess 21 and the piston body 20 receives a pressure greater than a first predetermined pressure and less than or equal to a first limit value of internal pressure resistance, the piston body 20 shears the connecting member 40, thereby achieving rapid decompression. The two connecting pieces 40 are respectively penetrated in the different through holes 14 and the pits 21, and when the pressure born by the piston body 20 is larger than the second preset pressure and smaller than or equal to the second internal pressure resistance limit value, the piston body 20 can simultaneously shear the two connecting pieces 40, so that quick pressure relief is realized. When the pressure borne by the piston body 20 is greater than the third preset pressure and less than or equal to the third internal pressure limit value, the piston body 20 can simultaneously shear the three connecting pieces 40, so that quick pressure relief is realized. Wherein the first predetermined pressure is less than the second predetermined pressure, the second predetermined pressure is less than the third predetermined pressure, the first internal resistance pressure limit is less than the second internal resistance pressure limit, and the second internal resistance pressure limit is less than the third internal resistance pressure limit.
As can be seen, the attachment of a connector 40 allows the pressure relief device to have a first predetermined pressure suitable for use with a perforating gun body having a first internal pressure resistant threshold. The two connectors 40 are installed so that the pressure relief device has a second predetermined pressure suitable for use with a perforating gun body having a second internal pressure resistant limit. The installation of three connectors 40 may allow the pressure relief device to have a third predetermined pressure, for a perforating gun body having a third internal pressure resistant limit, and so on.
There are various structures for the connector 40, for example, the connector 40 may be a pin that is clearance fit with the through hole 14. The pins pass through the through holes 14 and extend into the recesses 21 to connect the piston body 20 with the chamber 10. When the pressure born by the piston body 20 is greater than the preset pressure and less than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the side wall of the pit 21 is propped against the plug pin, and the plug pin is sheared. When the piston body 20 shears the pin, a portion of the pin may remain in the through hole 14. The pins are in clearance fit with the through holes 14 so that the sheared pins can be easily removed from the through holes 14.
In one possible embodiment, the recess 21 is a socket, and the connector 40 is a clearance fit with the socket. The connecting piece 40 passes through the through-hole 14 and protrudes into the insertion hole, connecting the piston body 20 with the chamber 10. When the pressure born by the piston body 20 is greater than the preset pressure and less than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the hole wall of the jack is propped against the connecting piece 40, and the connecting piece 40 is sheared. When the piston body 20 shears the connecting element 40, a portion of the connecting element 40 will remain in the socket. The connector 40 is a clearance fit with the receptacle so that the sheared connector 40 can be easily removed from the receptacle.
The insertion hole may be a blind hole or a through hole penetrating the piston body 20. When the insertion hole is a through hole penetrating the piston body 20, the connecting piece 40 firstly passes through the through hole 14 on one side of the columnar cavity 11, then passes through the through hole, and finally passes through the through hole 14 on the other side of the columnar cavity 11, so as to connect the piston body 20 with the cavity 10.
In the above embodiment, the pit 21 is a socket, but is not limited thereto. The recess 21 may also be a catching groove extending from the middle of the piston body 20 to the second end of the piston body 20, that is, the catching groove communicates with the second end of the piston body 20. The connecting piece 40 passes through the through hole 14 and protrudes into the clamping groove to connect the piston body 20 with the cavity 10. When the pressure born by the piston body 20 is greater than the preset pressure and less than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the groove wall, far away from the second end of the piston body 20, of the clamping groove is propped against the connecting piece 40, and the connecting piece 40 is sheared. After the piston body 20 shears the connecting piece 40, the sheared connecting piece 40 can be discharged from the clamping groove through the second end of the piston body 20 and discharged from the columnar cavity 11 through the pressure relief hole 13 when the piston body 20 moves to a predetermined position.
In the above embodiment, the connection member 40 is a plug pin, but is not limited thereto. The connecting piece 40 can also be a bolt, the through hole 14 is a bolt hole, the pit 21 is a jack, the bolt is in threaded fit with the bolt hole, and the bolt is in clearance fit with the jack. The bolts first pass through the bolt holes and are in threaded connection with the bolt holes, and then extend into the insertion holes to connect the piston body 20 with the cavity 10. When the pressure born by the piston body 20 is greater than the preset pressure and less than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the hole wall of the jack abuts against the bolt, and the bolt is sheared. When the piston body 20 shears the bolt, a portion of the bolt may remain in the bolt hole and another portion of the bolt may remain in the socket. The bolt is in threaded fit with the bolt hole, so that the sheared bolt can be conveniently screwed out of the bolt hole. The bolt is in clearance fit with the jack, so that the sheared bolt can be conveniently taken out of the jack.
In the above embodiment, the elastic member 30 is installed between the second end of the piston body 20 and the second end of the cylindrical inner chamber 11. In order to improve the stability of the elastic member 30 and prevent the elastic member 30 from shaking, in one possible embodiment, the second end of the piston body 20 is provided with a first receiving groove for receiving the first end of the elastic member 30. The first end of the elastic piece 30 is accommodated in the first accommodating groove, the first end of the elastic piece 30 is propped against the groove bottom of the first accommodating groove, the groove wall of the first accommodating groove can prevent the elastic piece 30 from moving radially, and the stability of the elastic piece 30 is improved.
In the above embodiment, the cavity 10 may be manufactured by casting, forging, or metal injection molding, or the cavity 10 having both ends open may be manufactured first, and then the second end of the columnar cavity 11 may be closed. For example, the first end and the second end of the columnar cavity 11 are both provided with openings, wherein the opening at the first end of the columnar cavity 11 is a communication port 12, and the opening at the second end of the columnar cavity 11 is closed by a sealing cover 15, i.e. the second end of the columnar cavity 11 is provided with the sealing cover 15. The cover 15 is provided with a second accommodating groove for accommodating the second end of the elastic member 30. The second end of the elastic piece 30 is accommodated in the second accommodating groove, the second end of the elastic piece 30 is propped against the groove bottom of the second accommodating groove, and the groove wall of the second accommodating groove can prevent the elastic piece 30 from moving radially, so that the stability of the elastic piece 30 is improved.
Wherein the closing cap 15 is detachably coupled to the second end of the cylinder chamber 11 such that the closing cap 15 can be detached from the second end of the cylinder chamber 11 when the piston body 20 and the elastic member 30 are installed or replaced, and then the piston body 20 and the elastic member 30 are placed in the cylinder chamber 11 or the piston body 20 and the elastic member 30 are taken out from the cylinder chamber 11. Wherein, can dismantle the connection and can select threaded connection or other detachable connection modes according to actual need.
In a possible embodiment, the piston body 20 is sheathed with a sealing ring 22, the outer circumferential surface of the sealing ring 22 being intended to be in contact with the inner side of the cylindrical inner space 11. The sealing ring 22 is sleeved outside the piston body 20, the sealing ring 22 can move along with the piston body 20, and the outer peripheral surface of the sealing ring 22 is always in contact and seal with the inner side surface of the columnar inner cavity 11 in the moving process, so that perforating fluid is prevented from entering the perforating gun body from a gap between the piston body 20 and the inner side surface of the columnar inner cavity 11. The number of the seal rings 22 may be plural, and the plural seal rings 22 are disposed at intervals along the axial direction of the piston body 20. The plurality of sealing rings 22 arranged at intervals have a better sealing effect on the gap between the piston body 20 and the inner side surface of the columnar cavity 11. For example, the number of the seal rings 22 is two, and the two seal rings 22 are disposed at intervals in the axial direction of the piston body 20.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The pressure relief device is characterized by comprising a cavity, a piston body, an elastic piece and a connecting piece, wherein the cavity is provided with a columnar inner cavity, a first end of the columnar inner cavity is provided with a communication port used for being communicated with a loading hole on a perforating gun body, the side wall of the columnar inner cavity is provided with a pressure relief hole and a through hole, and the through hole is arranged between the communication port and the pressure relief hole;
the piston body and the elastic piece are arranged in the columnar inner cavity, the first end of the elastic piece abuts against the second end of the piston body, and the second end of the elastic piece abuts against the second end of the columnar inner cavity, so that the first end of the piston body is used for blocking the communication port;
the piston body is provided with a pit, and the connecting piece is arranged in the through hole and the pit in a penetrating way; when the pressure born by the piston body is larger than the preset pressure and smaller than or equal to the limit value of the internal pressure resistance of the perforating gun body, the piston body shears the connecting piece and compresses the elastic piece, so that the communication port is communicated with the pressure relief hole for pressure relief; when the elastic force of the elastic piece is larger than the pressure born by the piston body, the elastic piece pushes the piston body to move towards the communication opening, so that the first end of the piston body seals the communication opening;
the number of the through holes and the pits are multiple, the through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the columnar inner cavity, the pits are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the piston body, and the through holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pits;
the connecting piece is a bolt, and the bolt is in clearance fit with the through hole;
the pit is the draw-in groove, the draw-in groove follow the middle part of piston body extends to the second end of piston body.
2. The pressure relief device of claim 1, wherein the number of pressure relief holes is a plurality of the pressure relief holes being circumferentially spaced along the cylindrical interior cavity.
3. The pressure relief device of claim 1, wherein the second end of the piston body is provided with a first receiving groove for receiving the first end of the resilient member.
4. The pressure relief device of claim 1, wherein the second end of the cylindrical interior cavity is provided with a cover having a second receiving slot for receiving the second end of the resilient member.
5. The pressure relief device according to claim 1, wherein said piston body is sleeved with a sealing ring, and wherein an outer circumferential surface of said sealing ring is adapted to contact an inner side surface of said columnar cavity.
6. A perforating gun comprising a perforating gun body and the pressure relief device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein a communication port of the pressure relief device is communicated with a charging hole on the perforating gun body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010325457.5A CN113550723B (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Pressure relief device and perforating gun |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010325457.5A CN113550723B (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Pressure relief device and perforating gun |
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| CN113550723A CN113550723A (en) | 2021-10-26 |
| CN113550723B true CN113550723B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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| CN202010325457.5A Active CN113550723B (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Pressure relief device and perforating gun |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117307110B (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-02-27 | 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 | Reusable slideway non-return closing type environment-friendly dynamic negative pressure gun tail |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN113550723A (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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