CN113548765A - Resource recovery method for phosphogypsum recycling wastewater - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/02—Fluorides
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- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D5/00—Sulfates or sulfites of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D5/16—Purification
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- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
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- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- C02F2101/14—Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, which comprises the following steps: s1, adding an alkali solution into the phosphogypsum reuse wastewater, and adjusting the pH value to obtain crude calcium fluoride and mixed water; s2, washing the crude calcium fluoride with high-temperature water to obtain a calcium fluoride product; s3, filtering the mixed water by using a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a monovalent ion solution and a divalent ion solution; s4, concentrating the monovalent ion solution by using a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain concentrated water and fresh water, and producing and recycling the fresh water; s5, evaporating the concentrated water to obtain crude potassium fluoride, and dissolving and recrystallizing the crude potassium fluoride to obtain a potassium fluoride product; refluxing the filtrate to step S4; s6, evaporating and concentrating the divalent ion solution to obtain an ion concentrated solution; s7, adding ethanol into the ion concentrated solution, and filtering to obtain a mixed solution of crude potassium sulfate and ethanol; and S8, distilling the ethanol mixed solution, and separating to obtain ethanol and a potassium-removing solution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of phosphogypsum, in particular to a resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater.
Background
The wet preparation of phosphoric acid refers to the dissolution of phosphate ore with acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, etc. And discharging the dissolved waste slag and wastewater to a tailing pond for stacking and sedimentation, and recycling the stacked and sedimentated wastewater. In the process of recycling the wastewater, the SiF in the wastewater is caused to be stored6 2-、K+The plasma is continuously enriched, the temperature of the wastewater discharged from a production workshop to a tailing pond is higher, and finally, the fluosilicate in the wastewater is supersaturated, the temperature of a conveying pipeline is reduced during recycling, and the water flow disturbance is severe, so that the fluosilicate in the wastewater is separated out and scales in the conveying pipeline, and a large amount of mineral resources are lost while the conveying pipeline is blocked, therefore, the mineral resources in the phosphogypsum tailing recycling wastewater need to be recycled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, which is simple to operate and improves the resource recovery rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater comprises the following steps:
s1, adding an alkali solution into the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, adjusting the pH value of the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater to 6.5-9.5, fully stirring and filtering to obtain crude calcium fluoride and mixed water;
s2, washing the crude calcium fluoride with high-temperature water to obtain a calcium fluoride product;
s3, filtering the mixed water by using a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a monovalent ion solution and a divalent ion solution;
s4, concentrating the monovalent ion solution by using a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain concentrated water and fresh water, and producing and recycling the fresh water;
s5, evaporating the concentrated water to obtain crude potassium fluoride, putting the crude potassium fluoride into water, heating to 85-95 ℃ for dissolving and recrystallizing, and filtering to obtain a potassium fluoride product; meanwhile, the filtrate is refluxed to the step S4 for concentration again;
s6, evaporating and concentrating the divalent ion solution to obtain an ion concentrated solution, wherein the salt content of the ion concentrated solution is more than 20%;
s7, adding ethanol into the ion concentrated solution, stirring and filtering to obtain a mixed solution of crude potassium sulfate and ethanol, and drying the crude potassium sulfate to obtain a potassium sulfate product;
s8, distilling the ethanol mixed solution, separating to obtain ethanol and a potassium removal solution, wherein the ethanol is used for preparing potassium sulfate in the step S7, and the potassium removal solution is produced and recycled.
Further, the alkali solution in step S1 is a potassium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 10% to 40%.
Further, the temperature of the high-temperature water in the step S2 is 60 to 85 ℃.
Further, the osmotic pressure value of the reverse osmosis membrane in the step S4 is 6 MPa.
Further, the mass ratio of the ion concentrated solution to the ethanol in the step S7 is 3: 1.
Further, the temperature at which the distillation operation is performed in the step S8 is 80 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) the method solves the problem of scaling of the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, and simultaneously obtains three products of calcium fluoride, potassium fluoride and potassium sulfate, thereby realizing the recycling of mineral resources in the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater;
(2) the purity of the calcium fluoride product recovered by the method reaches more than 99 percent, the purity of the potassium fluoride product reaches more than 98 percent, and the purity of the potassium sulfate product reaches more than 99.1 percent, so that the recovery rate of mineral resources is improved;
(3) according to the invention, a large amount of reusable water resources are obtained while mineral resources in the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater are recycled, and as the discharged water amount is basically the same as the recycled water amount, the wastewater treatment cost and the production water cost of phosphorus chemical enterprises are greatly reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved;
(4) the obtained calcium fluoride, potassium fluoride and potassium sulfate can be sold, and water produced in the recovery process can be recycled in other procedures, so that the standard of zero discharge of waste water in a tailing pond is truly achieved, and the requirement of environmental protection is met;
(5) the recovery process is safe and environment-friendly, mineral resources in the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater are fully utilized, no by-product is generated, and the recovery effect of the mineral resources is further improved;
(6) the invention forms a process route for recovering mineral resources by taking the wastewater as a main raw material and combining environmental protection and chemical technology, thereby effectively improving the recovery and utilization rate of the mineral resources and providing a new idea for phosphorus chemical enterprises to treat the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the framework of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art without any creative effort, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, comprising the following steps:
(1) adding a 10% potassium hydroxide solution into the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, and adjusting the pH value of the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater to 6.5, wherein a little precipitate is formed in the wastewater;
(2) filtering and separating precipitate and mixed water, wherein the precipitated component is crude calcium fluoride (the dry content of the calcium fluoride reaches more than 95%); the positive ions in the mixed water mainly comprise potassium ions, and the negative ions mainly comprise sulfate radicals and fluorine ions;
(3) washing the filtered crude calcium fluoride with high-temperature water at 60 ℃ to obtain a refined calcium fluoride product after drying, wherein the dry content of the calcium fluoride is over 99 percent;
(4) the filtered mixed water passes through a nanofiltration membrane, and the nanofiltration membrane passes through monovalent ions and intercepts divalent ions to realize the separation of the first and the divalent ions in the mixed water and obtain monovalent ion solution and divalent ion solution; the monovalent ion solution mainly contains fluoride ions and potassium ions, the divalent ion solution mainly contains sulfate ions and potassium ions, and the salt content in the divalent ion solution reaches about 12%;
(5) concentrating the monovalent ion solution by a reverse osmosis membrane with the pressure of 60kg (6MPa) to obtain concentrated water and fresh water, wherein the salt content in the concentrated water is more than 7%, and the fresh water can be directly produced and recycled in a production plant;
(6) carrying out multi-effect evaporation on concentrated water in the monovalent ion solution to obtain crude potassium fluoride with the purity of more than 65%, dissolving the crude potassium fluoride in water at 85 ℃ for recrystallization, and washing away sodium fluoride in the crude potassium fluoride in the step to obtain a fine potassium fluoride product with the purity of more than 98%; as the concentration of potassium ions and fluorine ions in the residual solution after recrystallization is reduced, the solution is refluxed to the reverse osmosis membrane concentration step for concentration again;
(7) evaporating and concentrating the divalent ion solution to obtain an ion concentrated solution, wherein the salt content of the ion concentrated solution reaches more than 20%;
(8) adding ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of the ion concentrated solution to the ethanol is 3:1, because the ethanol and the water are mutually soluble, the potassium sulfate is insoluble in the ethanol, potassium sulfate crystals can be quickly separated out, filtering is carried out to obtain a mixed solution of crude potassium sulfate and the ethanol, and the crude potassium sulfate is dried to obtain a refined potassium sulfate product, wherein the purity is over 99.1 percent;
(9) heating the ethanol mixed solution to 80 ℃ for distillation recovery, performing distillation separation to obtain ethanol and a potassium removal solution, recycling the ethanol to prepare potassium sulfate, and recycling the potassium removal solution in the production plant.
Embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, comprising the following steps:
(1) adding a potassium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 20% into the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, and adjusting the pH value of the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater to 8, wherein a little precipitate is formed in the wastewater;
(2) filtering and separating precipitate and mixed water, wherein the precipitated component is crude calcium fluoride (the dry content of the calcium fluoride reaches more than 95%); the positive ions in the mixed water mainly comprise potassium ions, and the negative ions mainly comprise sulfate radicals and fluorine ions;
(3) washing the filtered crude calcium fluoride with high-temperature water at the temperature of 70 ℃, and drying to obtain a refined calcium fluoride product, wherein the dry basis content of the calcium fluoride is more than 99%;
(4) the filtered mixed water passes through a nanofiltration membrane, and the nanofiltration membrane passes through monovalent ions and intercepts divalent ions to realize the separation of the first and the divalent ions in the mixed water and obtain monovalent ion solution and divalent ion solution; the monovalent ion solution mainly contains fluoride ions and potassium ions, the divalent ion solution mainly contains sulfate ions and potassium ions, and the salt content in the divalent ion solution reaches about 12%;
(5) concentrating the monovalent ion solution by a reverse osmosis membrane with the pressure of 60kg (6MPa) to obtain concentrated water and fresh water, wherein the salt content in the concentrated water is more than 7%, and the fresh water can be directly produced and recycled in a production plant;
(6) carrying out multi-effect evaporation on concentrated water in the monovalent ion solution to obtain crude potassium fluoride with the purity of more than 65%, dissolving the crude potassium fluoride in water at 90 ℃ for recrystallization, and washing away sodium fluoride in the crude potassium fluoride in the step to obtain a fine potassium fluoride product with the purity of more than 98%; as the concentration of potassium ions and fluorine ions in the residual solution after recrystallization is reduced, the solution is refluxed to the reverse osmosis membrane concentration step for concentration again;
(7) evaporating and concentrating the divalent ion solution to obtain an ion concentrated solution, wherein the salt content of the ion concentrated solution reaches more than 25%;
(8) adding ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of the ion concentrated solution to the ethanol is 3:1, because the ethanol and the water are mutually soluble, the potassium sulfate is insoluble in the ethanol, potassium sulfate crystals can be quickly separated out, filtering is carried out to obtain a mixed solution of crude potassium sulfate and the ethanol, and the crude potassium sulfate is dried to obtain a refined potassium sulfate product, wherein the purity is over 99.1 percent;
(9) heating the ethanol mixed solution to 80 ℃ for distillation recovery, performing distillation separation to obtain ethanol and a potassium removal solution, recycling the ethanol to prepare potassium sulfate, and recycling the potassium removal solution in the production plant.
Embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, comprising the following steps:
(1) adding a potassium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 40% into the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, adjusting the pH value of the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater to 9.5, and forming a little precipitate in the wastewater;
(2) filtering and separating precipitate and mixed water, wherein the precipitated component is crude calcium fluoride (the dry content of the calcium fluoride reaches more than 95%); the positive ions in the mixed water mainly comprise potassium ions, and the negative ions mainly comprise sulfate radicals and fluorine ions;
(3) washing the filtered crude calcium fluoride with high-temperature water at 85 ℃, and drying to obtain a refined calcium fluoride product, wherein the dry basis content of the calcium fluoride is more than 99%;
(4) the filtered mixed water passes through a nanofiltration membrane, and the nanofiltration membrane passes through monovalent ions and intercepts divalent ions to realize the separation of the first and the divalent ions in the mixed water and obtain monovalent ion solution and divalent ion solution; the monovalent ion solution mainly contains fluoride ions and potassium ions, the divalent ion solution mainly contains sulfate ions and potassium ions, and the salt content in the divalent ion solution reaches about 12%;
(5) concentrating the monovalent ion solution by a reverse osmosis membrane with the pressure of 60kg (6MPa) to obtain concentrated water and fresh water, wherein the salt content in the concentrated water is more than 7%, and the fresh water can be directly produced and recycled in a production plant;
(6) carrying out multi-effect evaporation on concentrated water in the monovalent ion solution to obtain crude potassium fluoride with the purity of more than 65%, dissolving the crude potassium fluoride in water at 95 ℃ for recrystallization, and washing away sodium fluoride in the crude potassium fluoride by the step to obtain a fine potassium fluoride product with the purity of more than 98%; as the concentration of potassium ions and fluorine ions in the residual solution after recrystallization is reduced, the solution is refluxed to the reverse osmosis membrane concentration step for concentration again;
(7) evaporating and concentrating the divalent ion solution to obtain an ion concentrated solution, wherein the salt content of the ion concentrated solution reaches more than 30%;
(8) adding ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of the ion concentrated solution to the ethanol is 3:1, because the ethanol and the water are mutually soluble, the potassium sulfate is insoluble in the ethanol, potassium sulfate crystals can be quickly separated out, filtering is carried out to obtain a mixed solution of crude potassium sulfate and the ethanol, and the crude potassium sulfate is dried to obtain a refined potassium sulfate product, wherein the purity is over 99.1 percent;
(9) heating the ethanol mixed solution to 80 ℃ for distillation recovery, performing distillation separation to obtain ethanol and a potassium removal solution, recycling the ethanol to prepare potassium sulfate, and recycling the potassium removal solution in the production plant.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method solves the problem of scaling of the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, and simultaneously obtains three products of calcium fluoride, potassium fluoride and potassium sulfate, thereby realizing the recycling of mineral resources in the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater;
(2) the purity of the calcium fluoride product recovered by the method reaches more than 99 percent, the purity of the potassium fluoride product reaches more than 98 percent, and the purity of the potassium sulfate product reaches more than 99.1 percent, so that the recovery rate of mineral resources is improved;
(3) according to the invention, a large amount of reusable water resources are obtained while mineral resources in the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater are recycled, and as the discharged water amount is basically the same as the recycled water amount, the wastewater treatment cost and the production water cost of phosphorus chemical enterprises are greatly reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved;
(4) the obtained calcium fluoride, potassium fluoride and potassium sulfate can be sold, and water produced in the recovery process can be recycled in other procedures, so that the standard of zero discharge of waste water in a tailing pond is truly achieved, and the requirement of environmental protection is met;
(5) the recovery process is safe and environment-friendly, mineral resources in the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater are fully utilized, no by-product is generated, and the recovery effect of the mineral resources is further improved;
(6) the invention forms a process route for recovering mineral resources by taking the wastewater as a main raw material and combining environmental protection and chemical technology, thereby effectively improving the recovery and utilization rate of the mineral resources and providing a new idea for phosphorus chemical enterprises to treat the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater.
Claims (6)
1. A resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding an alkali solution into the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater, adjusting the pH value of the phosphogypsum recycling wastewater to 6.5-9.5, fully stirring and filtering to obtain crude calcium fluoride and mixed water;
s2, washing the crude calcium fluoride with high-temperature water to obtain a calcium fluoride product;
s3, filtering the mixed water by using a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a monovalent ion solution and a divalent ion solution;
s4, concentrating the monovalent ion solution by using a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain concentrated water and fresh water, and producing and recycling the fresh water;
s5, evaporating the concentrated water to obtain crude potassium fluoride, putting the crude potassium fluoride into water, heating to 85-95 ℃ for dissolving and recrystallizing, and filtering to obtain a potassium fluoride product; meanwhile, the filtrate is refluxed to the step S4 for concentration again;
s6, evaporating and concentrating the divalent ion solution to obtain an ion concentrated solution, wherein the salt content of the ion concentrated solution is more than 20%;
s7, adding ethanol into the ion concentrated solution, stirring and filtering to obtain a mixed solution of crude potassium sulfate and ethanol, and drying the crude potassium sulfate to obtain a potassium sulfate product;
s8, distilling the ethanol mixed solution, separating to obtain ethanol and a potassium removal solution, wherein the ethanol is used for preparing potassium sulfate in the step S7, and the potassium removal solution is produced and recycled.
2. The resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the alkali solution in the step S1 is a potassium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 10% -40%.
3. The resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water temperature of the high-temperature water in the step S2 is 60-85 ℃.
4. The resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: and the osmotic pressure value of the reverse osmosis membrane in the step S4 is 6 MPa.
5. The resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the ion concentrated solution to the ethanol in the step S7 is 3: 1.
6. The resource recovery method of phosphogypsum recycling wastewater according to claim 5, characterized in that: the temperature at which the distillation operation was performed in step S8 was 80 ℃.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102887535A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-01-23 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Method for recycling high-purity fluorine and phosphorus from wastewater of phosphogypsum residue field |
| CN107792866A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-13 | 福州大学 | A kind of method of potassium alum mixed solvent double decomposition production potassium sulfate and aluminium chloride |
| CN108975586A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-11 | 肖平 | Fluorine-containing in tantalum and niobium hydrometallurgy, nitrogen-containing wastewater recovery and treatment method |
| CN109650628A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-19 | 南京圣创科技有限公司 | A method of separating the halide ions such as chlorine, fluorine from sulfate |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102887535A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-01-23 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Method for recycling high-purity fluorine and phosphorus from wastewater of phosphogypsum residue field |
| CN107792866A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-13 | 福州大学 | A kind of method of potassium alum mixed solvent double decomposition production potassium sulfate and aluminium chloride |
| CN108975586A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-11 | 肖平 | Fluorine-containing in tantalum and niobium hydrometallurgy, nitrogen-containing wastewater recovery and treatment method |
| CN109650628A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-19 | 南京圣创科技有限公司 | A method of separating the halide ions such as chlorine, fluorine from sulfate |
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| 李兵等: "《湿法磷酸绿色制造》", 31 August 2019, 重庆：重庆大学出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20211026 |