CN113547388A - Detection grinding method for coupler knuckle traction table - Google Patents
Detection grinding method for coupler knuckle traction table Download PDFInfo
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- CN113547388A CN113547388A CN202110743302.8A CN202110743302A CN113547388A CN 113547388 A CN113547388 A CN 113547388A CN 202110743302 A CN202110743302 A CN 202110743302A CN 113547388 A CN113547388 A CN 113547388A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
- B24B19/02—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B23/00—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
- B24B23/02—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with rotating grinding tools; Accessories therefor
- B24B23/028—Angle tools
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring depth
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
- G01N27/84—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields by applying magnetic powder or magnetic ink
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a detecting, grinding and repairing method for a coupler knuckle traction table, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a crack of a coupler knuckle traction table, obtaining length information of the crack, polishing the coupler knuckle traction tables on two sides of the crack to form a groove until no crack exists at the bottom of the groove, obtaining depth information of the groove, and judging whether the polished coupler knuckle traction table is scrapped or not according to the length information and the depth information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway freight car coupler buffering systems, and particularly relates to a coupler knuckle traction table detection grinding method.
Background
When the coupler knuckle traction table detects cracks, scrapping the magnetic marks with the length larger than 30mm or the depth larger than 1 mm; the length of the magnetic mark is not more than 30mm and the depth is less than 1mm, the magnetic mark can be ground to be in smooth transition with the surrounding surface, and the magnetic mark can be continuously used after the magnetic mark is qualified by repeated detection. The root parts of the upper and lower traction tables of the coupler knuckle are scrapped when cracks occur again after the primary grinding and trimming of the cracks.
Because the coupler knuckle is a steel casting, the surface roughness is large, the size has errors, the existing crack depth detection method in China is not applicable, and the detection cost is too high. When a metal thickness gauge is used for detecting the crack depth, the detection effect is poor and the probe is easy to damage because the gauge is precise. Cracks of the coupler knuckle traction table occur at the root, the root of the traction table is a curved surface, large in roughness and uneven, and the size before and after grinding cannot be detected by using the feeler gauge and the knife edge gauge. The size of the coupler knuckle traction table has errors, and an original shape sample plate of the coupler knuckle traction table cannot be manufactured, so that the prior art cannot be used for detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detecting, grinding and repairing method for a coupler knuckle traction table, which is used for detecting and repairing the cracks of the coupler knuckle traction table by a conventional tool without purchasing large-scale equipment and a precise detecting instrument or professional learning, is convenient to use, has low cost and meets the process requirements and quality requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a detecting and grinding method for a coupler knuckle traction table, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring cracks of a knuckle traction table;
acquiring length information of the crack;
grinding the knuckle traction tables on two sides of the crack to form a groove until the crack does not exist at the groove bottom of the groove;
acquiring depth information of the groove;
and judging whether the polished knuckle traction table is scrapped or not according to the length information and the depth information.
Optionally, the acquiring the crack of the knuckle traction table comprises performing magnetic particle inspection on the knuckle traction table.
Optionally, the acquiring the length information of the fracture includes: and measuring the linear distance between two end points of the crack by using a measuring tape or a steel plate ruler.
Optionally, the grinding the knuckle traction table on both sides of the crack to form a groove until the groove bottom of the groove is free of the crack comprises: and grinding the knuckle traction tables on two sides of the crack by using an angle grinder until the crack is completely removed.
Optionally, the acquiring the depth information of the groove includes: and measuring the thickness of the knuckle traction table before and after the groove is formed by using a U-shaped caliper gauge, and calculating the depth information of the groove according to the difference value of the thickness before and after the groove is formed.
Optionally, the judging whether the polished knuckle traction table is discarded according to the length information and the depth information includes:
when the numerical value of the length information is larger than 30mm, the length information is discarded, and when the numerical value of the length information is not larger than 30mm, the length information is polished;
and when the numerical value of the depth information is larger than 1mm, discarding, and when the numerical value of the depth information is not larger than 1mm, performing repeated detection.
Optionally, the method further comprises maintaining the coupler knuckle traction table which is not scrapped, and the maintaining the coupler knuckle traction table which is not scrapped comprises: and chamfering the groove by using an angle grinder to enable the groove and the knuckle traction table to be in smooth transition.
Optionally, the grinding the coupler knuckle traction table on two sides of the crack by using an angle grinder until the crack is completely removed comprises grinding and polishing for multiple times, wherein the grinding and polishing depth is 1mm at most each time, and the coupler knuckle traction table is discarded if the crack still exists after the grinding and polishing depth is 1 mm.
Optionally, the device further comprises an original shape thickness record and a grinding record of the tongue traction table, wherein the grinding record comprises a serial number, a date, a coupler knuckle model number, a casting number, a production date, a production code, a magnetic mark length, a thickness before grinding, a thickness after grinding, a processing condition, a retest result, a grinding operator, a flaw detection operator and remarks, and the original shape thickness record comprises original size information of the coupler knuckle traction table.
Optionally, the retesting comprises performing magnetic particle inspection on the groove, and if no crack exists, the groove is qualified.
The invention provides a detecting, grinding and repairing method for a coupler knuckle traction table, which has the beneficial effects that:
the detection and grinding method meets the requirements of railway freight car coupler knuckle overhaul field, does not need to purchase large-scale equipment and precise detection instruments, does not need professional learning, can detect and overhaul the coupler knuckle traction table cracks through conventional tools, is convenient to use and low in cost, meets the process requirements and quality requirements
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a method of knuckle traction table inspection finishing according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a flow diagram of a knuckle traction table inspection finishing method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 illustrates a method schematic of a knuckle traction table inspection finishing method according to one embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 shows a flow diagram of a knuckle traction table inspection finishing method according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a knuckle traction table inspection and grinding method includes:
acquiring the length information of the crack;
grinding the knuckle traction tables at two sides of the crack to form a groove until no crack exists at the bottom of the groove;
acquiring depth information of the groove;
and judging whether the polished knuckle traction table is scrapped or not according to the length information and the depth information.
Specifically, whether the coupler knuckle traction table is scrapped or not is judged through the length information, if not, the coupler knuckle traction table near the crack is polished to eliminate the crack, whether the coupler knuckle traction table is scrapped or not is judged again according to the depth information of the groove, if not, the coupler knuckle traction table can be normally used, whether the coupler knuckle traction table is scrapped or not is confirmed through twice judgment, maintenance of the coupler knuckle traction table is completed through force while detection is conducted, the problem that the coupler knuckle traction table is scrapped due to the fact that the crack cannot be detected is solved, and production cost and maintenance time are saved.
In this embodiment, acquiring the crack of the knuckle traction table includes performing magnetic particle inspection on the knuckle traction table.
Specifically, cracks are shown through magnetic powder inspection, the position and the shape of the cracks are confirmed, magnetic powder of the magnetic powder inspection is fluorescent magnetic powder, the fluorescent magnetic powder is a fluorescent substance wrapped outside ferroferric oxide magnetic powder particles, yellow green fluorescence can be emitted under ultraviolet irradiation, and the magnetic powder inspection device is suitable for workpieces with dark backgrounds, and has higher sensitivity compared with other magnetic powder by taking the fluorescent magnetic powder as a magnetic medium due to the color sensitivity of human eyes.
In this embodiment, acquiring the length information of the fracture includes: and measuring the linear distance between two end points of the crack by using a measuring tape or a steel plate ruler.
Specifically, the measuring tape and the steel plate ruler are easy to carry and use, and are suitable for hook tongue traction tables of different types, specifications and shapes.
Further, when the crack is arc-shaped or irregularly bifurcated, two points with the longest distance are selected for measurement as length information.
In this embodiment, grinding the knuckle traction table on both sides of the crack to form a groove until there is no crack at the bottom of the groove comprises: and (4) polishing the knuckle traction tables at two sides of the crack by using an angle grinder until the crack is completely removed.
The angle grinder is convenient to carry and use, is suitable for hook tongue traction tables of different types, specifications and shapes, can quickly grind and repair cracks in different places by grinding through the angle grinder, and ensures that the hook tongue traction table is smooth in surface and stable and smooth in stress due to arc transition of a grinding area and a surrounding area.
In this embodiment, obtaining the depth information of the groove includes: and measuring the thickness of the front and back of the groove formed by the coupler knuckle traction table by using a U-shaped caliper gauge, and calculating the depth information of the groove according to the difference value of the front and back thicknesses.
Specifically, the U-shaped caliper gauge is easy to carry and use, and can be suitable for hook tongue traction tables of different types, specifications and shapes.
In this embodiment, the determining whether the polished knuckle traction table is scrapped according to the length information and the depth information includes:
when the numerical value of the length information is larger than 30mm, the length information is discarded, and when the numerical value of the length information is not larger than 30mm, the length information is polished;
and when the numerical value of the depth information is larger than 1mm, discarding, and when the numerical value of the depth information is not larger than 1mm, performing repeated detection.
Specifically, when the numerical value of the depth information is less than 1mm or the numerical value of the length information is greater than 30mm, the crack only exists on the surface layer of the coupler knuckle traction table, the structural strength is not affected, the coupler knuckle traction table can be continuously used, re-detection is performed through repeated detection, the safety is confirmed to be qualified, the crack is prevented from affecting the structural strength and needing to be scrapped, the crack is confirmed to be eliminated through repeated detection, and the crack is prevented from being covered during polishing.
In this embodiment, the method further includes maintaining the coupler knuckle traction table that is not scrapped, and the maintaining the coupler knuckle traction table that is not scrapped includes: and chamfering the groove by using an angle grinder to enable the groove and the knuckle traction table to be in smooth transition.
Specifically, the grooves are smoothly stressed through smooth transition.
In the embodiment, the knuckle traction tables on two sides of the crack are ground by using an angle grinder until the crack is completely removed, wherein the grinding and polishing depth is 1mm at most for multiple times, and the knuckle traction tables are discarded if the crack still exists after the grinding and polishing depth is 1 mm.
Specifically, the depth of the crack is confirmed by gradually deepening the polishing depth, and meanwhile, the coupler knuckle traction table is prevented from being scrapped due to the fact that the polishing depth is too deep.
In the embodiment, the method further comprises an original shape thickness record and a grinding record of the tongue traction table, wherein the grinding record comprises a serial number, a date, a coupler knuckle model number, a casting number, a production date, a production code, a magnetic mark length, a thickness before grinding and repairing, a thickness after grinding and repairing, a processing condition, a retest result, a grinding and repairing operator, a flaw detection operator and remarks, and the original shape thickness record comprises original size information of the coupler knuckle traction table.
Specifically, the shape and the size of the coupler knuckle traction table are confirmed through original shape thickness records, the coupler knuckle traction table is scrapped when the deformation size changes too much (exceeds a tolerance), various data in the grinding and repairing process are monitored through the grinding and repairing records of the coupler knuckle traction table, management is convenient, and personnel, processes and results of each monitoring and repairing process are completely recorded through a serial number, a date, a coupler knuckle model, a casting number, a production date, a production code, a magnetic mark length, a thickness before grinding and repairing, a thickness after grinding and repairing, a processing condition, a retesting result, a grinding and repairing operator, a flaw detection operator and remarks.
In this embodiment, the retesting includes magnetic particle inspection of the groove, and is qualified if there is no crack.
Specifically, the groove is retested through magnetic powder inspection, the groove is qualified if no crack exists, and the groove is repeatedly monitored, ground and repaired or scrapped if the crack occurs.
When the detection grinding and repairing method provided by the invention is used, taking the detection grinding and repairing of the coupler knuckle traction table with cracks as an example, the method comprises the following steps of;
recording the sequence number, date, coupler knuckle model number, casting number, production date, production code, grinding operator and flaw detection operator on a grinding and repairing record of a tongue traction table;
determining the original thickness size of the coupler knuckle traction table according to the original thickness of the coupler knuckle traction table to confirm that the deformation of the coupler knuckle traction table is within an acceptable error range;
carrying out magnetic powder inspection on the coupler knuckle traction table;
measuring cracks appearing in magnetic powder inspection by using a measuring tape through a steel plate ruler, recording length information of the cracks under the magnetic crack length recorded by grinding and repairing a tongue traction table, and scrapping if the numerical value of the length information is more than 30 mm;
if the numerical value of the length information is not more than 30mm, measuring the thickness of the coupler knuckle traction table by using a U-shaped caliper gauge and recording the thickness as the thickness before grinding and repairing, recording the thickness before grinding and repairing on the grinding and repairing record of the coupler knuckle traction table, and perfecting the grinding and repairing record of the coupler knuckle traction table and grinding the groove;
polishing the cracks until the cracks in the grooves are completely removed, measuring the polishing depth in real time during polishing, and discarding if the cracks still exist when the polishing depth reaches 1 mm;
if the grinding depth does not reach 1mm, recording the ground thickness in the coupler knuckle traction table grinding record, and carrying out re-detection, and recording the grinding record of the coupler knuckle traction table according to the re-detection result;
and finishing detection and grinding.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A detecting, grinding and repairing method for a coupler knuckle traction table is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring cracks of a knuckle traction table;
acquiring length information of the crack;
grinding the knuckle traction tables on two sides of the crack to form a groove until the crack does not exist at the groove bottom of the groove;
acquiring depth information of the groove;
and judging whether the polished knuckle traction table is scrapped or not according to the length information and the depth information.
2. The knuckle traction table inspection grinding and finishing method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the crack of the knuckle traction table comprises performing magnetic particle inspection on the knuckle traction table.
3. The knuckle traction table detection and grinding method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the length information of the crack comprises: and measuring the linear distance between two end points of the crack by using a measuring tape or a steel plate ruler.
4. The knuckle traction table inspection and grinding method according to claim 1, wherein the grinding the knuckle traction table on both sides of the crack to form a groove until the groove bottom of the groove is free of the crack comprises: and grinding the knuckle traction tables on two sides of the crack by using an angle grinder until the crack is completely removed.
5. The knuckle traction table inspection and grinding method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the depth information of the groove comprises: and measuring the thickness of the knuckle traction table before and after the groove is formed by using a U-shaped caliper gauge, and calculating the depth information of the groove according to the difference value of the thickness before and after the groove is formed.
6. The method for detecting, grinding and repairing the knuckle traction table according to claim 1, wherein the judging whether the ground knuckle traction table is scrapped or not according to the length information and the depth information comprises:
when the numerical value of the length information is larger than 30mm, the length information is discarded, and when the numerical value of the length information is not larger than 30mm, the length information is polished;
and when the numerical value of the depth information is larger than 1mm, discarding, and when the numerical value of the depth information is not larger than 1mm, performing repeated detection.
7. The knuckle traction table inspection and grinding method according to claim 1, further comprising repairing the knuckle traction table that is not scrapped, wherein the repairing the knuckle traction table that is not scrapped comprises: and chamfering the groove by using an angle grinder to enable the groove and the knuckle traction table to be in smooth transition.
8. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the grinding of the knuckle traction table on both sides of the crack by the angle grinder until the crack is completely removed comprises multiple grinding and grinding, wherein the grinding and grinding depth is 1mm at most, and the crack is discarded if the crack still exists after the grinding and grinding depth is 1 mm.
9. The knuckle traction table detecting, grinding and repairing method according to claim 1, further comprising original shape thickness records and grinding and repairing records of the knuckle traction table, wherein the grinding and repairing records comprise serial numbers, dates, knuckle models, casting numbers, production dates, production codes, magnetic mark lengths, thicknesses before grinding and repairing, thicknesses after grinding and repairing, processing conditions, repeated detection results, grinding and repairing operators, flaw detection operators and remarks, and the original shape thickness records comprise original size information of the knuckle traction table.
10. The knuckle traction table inspection and grinding method according to claim 6, wherein the re-probing comprises magnetic particle inspection of the grooves, and the inspection is qualified if no cracks are formed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110743302.8A CN113547388A (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Detection grinding method for coupler knuckle traction table |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110743302.8A CN113547388A (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Detection grinding method for coupler knuckle traction table |
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Application publication date: 20211026 |