CN113545319A - Method for evaluating aphid acquiring, carrying and spreading sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore capability - Google Patents
Method for evaluating aphid acquiring, carrying and spreading sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore capability Download PDFInfo
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- CN113545319A CN113545319A CN202110954616.2A CN202110954616A CN113545319A CN 113545319 A CN113545319 A CN 113545319A CN 202110954616 A CN202110954616 A CN 202110954616A CN 113545319 A CN113545319 A CN 113545319A
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- aphids
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- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 241000221696 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005571 horizontal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004634 feeding behavior Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 101150105088 Dele1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102000013814 Wnt Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108050003627 Wnt Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000221662 Sclerotinia Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 241000219198 Brassica Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000011331 Brassica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000003351 Brassica cretica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003343 Brassica rupestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219193 Brassicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide Chemical compound ClCCSCCCl QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001339 epidermal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010498 major edible oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010460 mustard Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an assessment method for aphid acquisition, carrying and spreading sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore capability, which comprises the following steps: introducing aphids to feed the rape plants sprayed with the ascospore suspension, and revealing the carrying quantity and position of spores on the body surfaces of the aphids by scanning an electron microscope; introducing aphids which do not carry spores and aphids which carry spores into healthy rape plants, and observing horizontal transmission of ascospores in aphid populations; after aphids carrying ascospores eat healthy plants, the aphids are removed, the infection conditions of the plants are observed, and whether the aphids can expand the transmission capacity of sclerotinia sclerotiorum is determined; the ability of aphids to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores was assessed by the above studies. In the invention, on four rape varieties, the aphids can transmit ascospores to rape plants and cause sclerotinia rot of rape, but the morbidity of the two varieties in the group has no obvious difference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to an assessment method for aphid acquiring, carrying and transmitting sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore capability.
Background
Brassica, brassicaceae, there are three types of brassica cultivated in current production: cabbage type, mustard type and cabbage type rape. Rape is the second largest food energy source in the world after cereal crops and is the third major edible oil resource behind soybeans and cotton in the world.
However, the growth period of rape is often affected by pests and diseases, and the increase of yield is limited. A large amount of pest and disease damage attacks cause large-area seed destruction, seedling shortage and ridge breaking of the rapes, and the growth of the rapes is seriously influenced. In the course of crop growth, it is attacked by brassicaceous pests and pathogens, and in recent years, the rate of invasion has been continuously increased, so that the yield of rape has been severely restricted. Wherein, the pest with the largest influence is aphid. The aphid is an important pest on rape, is a representative insect of piercing-sucking mouthparts, when eating the plant, the mouthneedle is pierced into the space between epidermal cells and parenchyma cells of plant tissues, and is inserted into the sieve tube, and the mouthneedle secretes gelatinous saliva and aqueous saliva to protect the mouthneedle and prevent the plant tissues from healing, so that the juice of the phloem of the plant can be continuously eaten for a long time to obtain carbohydrates, amino acids, mineral substances, vitamins and macromolecular substances.
Aphids are the transmission carriers of viral diseases, while sclerotinia is considered to be the infection formed by the fact that petals fall on leaves along with external force such as rainwater and the like, and are mainly transmitted to rape petals through ascospores. Less research concerns about the influence of aphid feeding on the spread of sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and less research concerns about the spread of fungal diseases by pests.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an assessment method for aphid acquisition, carrying and spreading sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore capability.
The invention provides an assessment method for aphid acquisition, carrying and spreading sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore capability, which comprises the following steps:
s1, introducing aphids to eat the rape plants sprayed with the ascospore suspension, and revealing the carrying quantity and position of spores on the body surfaces of the aphids through a scanning electron microscope;
s2 introducing aphids of rape not carrying spores and aphids carrying spores into the healthy rape plants, and observing horizontal transmission of ascospores in aphid population;
s3, after eating healthy plants by the aphids carrying ascospores, removing the aphids, observing the infection conditions of the plants, and determining whether the aphids can expand the spreading capacity of sclerotinia sclerotiorum;
s4 the ability of aphids to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores was assessed by the above study.
Preferably, after the ascospore liquid is sprayed on the surface of the leaf in the step S1, about 80% of aphids can adhere to the ascospores.
Preferably, the aphid of rape variety S2, which does not carry ascospores, can transmit ascospores carried by the aphid to other aphid bodies.
Preferably, the rape plants comprise winter rape variety Delauy oil 6, winter rape variety Zhongshuang 11, winter rape variety Zheping 4 and spring rape variety New oil 17, and the different rape plants are divided into two groups: the first group is winter rape Delaiba oil 6 and winter rape 11, and the second group is winter rape Zhejiang 4 and spring rape 17.
Preferably, step S3 is performed on four varieties of rape, where the aphids can transmit ascospores to the rape plants and cause sclerotinia rot of rape, but there is no significant difference in incidence between the two varieties in the group. Aphids carrying ascospores can cause the disease attack of 26 percent of Delaiba 6 plants and 18 percent of middle and double 11 plants; on Zheping 4, aphids carrying ascospores can cause 24% of plant morbidity, and on New oil 17 can cause 32% of morbidity.
Preferably, the introduced aphid is a wingless aphid, the movement amplitude is relatively small, other aphids are less contacted with the wingless aphid, the aphid is more adhesive to ascospores, and other aphids are more difficult to obtain the ascospores through body contact.
Preferably, the test environmental conditions for measuring the aphid feeding behavior are as follows: constant light and 25. + -. 1 ℃.
According to the method for evaluating the capability of aphid to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores, on four rape varieties, aphid can transmit ascospores to rape plants and cause sclerotinia sclerotiorum, but the morbidity of the two varieties in the group has no obvious difference.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the ability of aphids to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores, which is provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to FIG. 1, a method for assessing the ability of aphids to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores, comprising the following steps:
s1, introducing aphids to eat the rape plants sprayed with the ascospore suspension, and revealing the carrying quantity and position of spores on the body surfaces of the aphids through a scanning electron microscope;
s2 introducing aphids of rape not carrying spores and aphids carrying spores into the healthy rape plants, and observing horizontal transmission of ascospores in aphid population;
s3, after eating healthy plants by the aphids carrying ascospores, removing the aphids, observing the infection conditions of the plants, and determining whether the aphids can expand the spreading capacity of sclerotinia sclerotiorum;
s4 the ability of aphids to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores was assessed by the above study.
In the present invention, after the ascospore liquid is sprayed on the leaf surface in step S1, about 80% of aphids can adhere to ascospores, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 ability of aphids to adhere to ascospores on ascospore-sprayed surfaces
In the invention, the aphid which carries no ascospore is found on the rape variety of the step S2, and the ascospore carried by the aphid can be transmitted to other aphid bodies.
In the invention, the rape plants comprise winter rape variety Delaiba oil 6, winter rape variety Zhongshuang 11, winter rape variety Zheping 4 and spring rape variety New oil 17, and the rape plants of different varieties are divided into two groups: the first group is winter rape Delaiba oil 6 and winter rape 11, and the second group is winter rape Zhejiang 4 and spring rape 17.
In the present invention, step S3 is on four varieties of rape, and aphids can transmit ascospores to rape plants and cause sclerotinia rot of rape, but there is no obvious difference in incidence between the two varieties in the group. Aphids carrying ascospores can cause the disease attack of 26 percent of Delaiba 6 plants and 18 percent of middle and double 11 plants; on Zheping 4, aphids carrying ascospores can cause 24% of plant morbidity, and on New oil 17 can cause 32% of morbidity, as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 ability of aphids to transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum to oilseed rape
In the invention, the introduced aphids are wingless aphids, the movement amplitude is relatively small, other aphids are rarely contacted with the wingless aphids, the aphids are highly adhesive with ascospores, and other aphids are difficult to obtain the ascospores through body contact.
In the invention, the test environmental conditions for measuring the aphid feeding behavior are as follows: constant light and 25. + -. 1 ℃.
The invention comprises the following steps: introducing aphids to feed the rape plants sprayed with the ascospore suspension, and revealing the carrying quantity and position of spores on the body surfaces of the aphids by scanning an electron microscope; introducing aphids which do not carry spores and aphids which carry spores into healthy rape plants, and observing horizontal transmission of ascospores in aphid populations; after aphids carrying ascospores eat healthy plants, removing the aphids, observing the infection conditions of the plants, and determining whether the aphids can spread the spores to the healthy plants; the ability of aphids to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores was assessed by the above studies.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for evaluating the ability of aphids to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, introducing aphids to eat the rape plants sprayed with the ascospore suspension, and revealing the carrying quantity and position of spores on the body surfaces of the aphids through a scanning electron microscope;
s2 introducing aphids of rape not carrying spores and aphids carrying spores into the healthy rape plants, and observing horizontal transmission of ascospores in aphid population;
s3, after eating healthy plants by the aphids carrying ascospores, removing the aphids, observing the infection conditions of the plants, and determining whether the aphids can expand the spreading capacity of sclerotinia sclerotiorum;
s4 the ability of aphids to acquire, carry and transmit ascospores was assessed by the above study.
2. An aphid capture, carry and transmission of sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore assessment method according to claim 1, wherein after the spraying of ascospore liquid on the leaf surface of step S1, about 80% of aphids can adhere to ascospores.
3. The method for evaluating the ability of aphids to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores according to claim 1, wherein the aphids carrying ascospores are not found on the rape variety of the step S2 to transmit the ascospore carried by the aphids to other aphids.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said rape plants include winter rape variety dele oil 6, winter rape variety dix 11, winter rape variety zheping 4 and spring rape variety neo-oil 17, and different varieties of rape plants are divided into two groups: the first group is winter rape Delaiba oil 6 and winter rape 11, and the second group is winter rape Zhejiang 4 and spring rape 17.
5. An aphid acquisition, carrying and transmission of sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore assessment method according to claim 1, wherein said step S3 is on four rape varieties, aphid can transmit ascospore to rape plant and cause sclerotinia sclerotiorum, but there is no obvious difference in incidence rate between two varieties in the group, aphid carrying ascospore can cause 26% of Delaiba 6 plant and 18% of middle and double 11 plants; on Zheping 4, aphids carrying ascospores can cause 24% of plant morbidity, and on New oil 17 can cause 32% of morbidity.
6. An aphid acquisition, carrying and transmission capability assessment method according to claim 1, wherein said introduced aphid is a aphid of the wingless type, the movement amplitude is relatively small, other aphids are in less contact with it, and the aphid is more adhesive to the ascospores, other aphids are more difficult to obtain ascospores by physical contact.
7. The method for assessing an aphid's ability to acquire, carry and transmit sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores according to claim 1, wherein the aphid feeding behavior is determined under the test environmental conditions: constant light and 25. + -. 1 ℃.
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| CN202110954616.2A CN113545319B (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Method for evaluating aphid acquiring, carrying and spreading sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore capability |
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| CN202110954616.2A CN113545319B (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Method for evaluating aphid acquiring, carrying and spreading sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospore capability |
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| CN111157678A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-05-15 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | Method for identifying aphid resistance of different varieties of rapes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111157678A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-05-15 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | Method for identifying aphid resistance of different varieties of rapes |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| STEPHEN C ALDERMAN等: "Survival, Germination, and Growth of Epichloë typhina and Significance of Leaf Wounds and Insects in Infection of Orchardgrass", 《PLANT DISEASE》 * |
| ZHONGPING HAO等: "How Cabbage Aphids Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) Make a Choice to Feed on Brassica napus Cultivars", 《INSECTS》 * |
| 邓云川等: "枫杨栽培管理", 《中国花卉园艺》 * |
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