CN113544897A - Cooling system for cooling battery module, high-voltage battery and motor vehicle - Google Patents
Cooling system for cooling battery module, high-voltage battery and motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113544897A CN113544897A CN202080018876.2A CN202080018876A CN113544897A CN 113544897 A CN113544897 A CN 113544897A CN 202080018876 A CN202080018876 A CN 202080018876A CN 113544897 A CN113544897 A CN 113544897A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cooling system (14) for cooling a battery module (12), wherein the cooling system (14) has at least one cooling device (20). The cooling system (14) has at least one part of a battery module connection device (16) for electrically conductively connecting a first battery module (12) to a second battery module (12), wherein the cooling device (20) has at least one heat pipe (20) comprising a first heat pipe component (20a) arranged on at least one part of the battery module connection device (16) and a second heat pipe component (20b) for arrangement on a heat sink (25; 26, 28).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooling system for cooling a battery module, wherein the cooling system has at least one cooling device. The invention also relates to a high-voltage battery having such a cooling system and to a motor vehicle having a high-voltage battery.
Background
Battery modules, in particular for high-voltage batteries, are usually cooled by a cooling device. In this case, the high-voltage battery generally comprises a plurality of battery modules, wherein such a battery module may in turn comprise a plurality of battery cells, for example prismatic cells arranged in the form of a battery pack or a battery stack. Excessive heating of the cells has a negative effect on their service life, since the heating accelerates the aging of the cells. The aim is therefore to keep the temperature of such cells as always as possible within a desired temperature range which has a minimal negative effect on the service life of the cells and is therefore optimal for the operation of the cells.
The cooling device, which is usually used for cooling the battery module, is typically arranged on the bottom side of such a battery module, i.e. on the side of the battery module opposite the poles of the individual battery cells. In this region, a large area of cooling can be provided most simply, for example by cooling plates through which a coolant can flow. However, in general, such cooling devices can also be arranged on other sides of the battery module and also between the individual battery cells of the battery module. In certain cases, however, it may happen that the cooling power provided by such a cooling device is not sufficient to maintain the battery cells in the desired temperature range. This can occur, for example, during driving with high power demands or also during the charging process for charging the high-voltage battery. Accordingly, in this case, the power available for driving operation or the charging power for charging the high-voltage battery is limited in order to still be able to keep the battery cells within the desired temperature range. This therefore disadvantageously reduces the maximum power that can be made available by the motor vehicle during driving and leads to a significantly longer charging time when charging the high-voltage battery.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a cooling system, a high-voltage battery and a motor vehicle which make it possible to achieve as efficient a cooling of the battery module as possible.
This object is solved by a cooling system, a high voltage battery and a motor vehicle having the features according to the respective independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims, the description and the figures.
The cooling system according to the invention for cooling a battery module has at least one cooling device. The cooling system furthermore has at least one part of a battery module connection device for electrically conductively connecting a first battery module to a second battery module, wherein the cooling device has at least one heat pipe, which comprises a first heat pipe part arranged on at least one part of the battery module connection device and a second heat pipe part for arrangement on a heat sink.
The invention is based on the recognition that the battery module connection device for connecting and contacting the battery poles of a battery module in a high-voltage battery forms a temperature hot spot in such a high-voltage battery. Since the current flows through such a battery module connecting device, the connecting device inevitably heats up strongly in a conventional high-voltage battery, and then a large amount of the generated heat is directly input into the corresponding electrodes or electrode terminals of the respective battery modules connected to each other, whereby the battery modules and the battery cells respectively included in the battery modules generate heat. The module terminals, which are typically connected to such a battery module connection, are in turn in contact with the respective electrodes of the battery cells of the respective battery module, so that heating takes place precisely in the region of the upper side of the battery module, which, however, is situated directly opposite the lower side of the battery module, which is typically provided with a cooling system. Furthermore, during operation, this leads to a very large temperature gradient in the interior of the battery cell from the upper side of the battery cell to the lower side of the battery cell, which in turn adversely affects the aging of the battery cell, in particular additionally leads to the negative effect of heating of the battery cell as a result of the intensive heating of conventional battery module connections. Such heating can now be advantageously counteracted by the invention in that a cooling device is coupled or connected to at least a part of such a battery module connection. As a result, direct cooling of such a battery module connection can now advantageously be provided. The invention is based on the knowledge that a heat pipe is particularly suitable for use as a cooling device at this location, i.e. for arrangement at least at a part of the battery module connecting device. Such heat pipes can also be referred to as heat pipes and can be designed, for example, as heat pipes (heatpipes) or as two-phase thermosiphons, which are particularly flexible/compliant/deformable in terms of their geometry and can also be bent in accordance with the design, so that they can be used particularly flexibly, in particular also for cooling components which are not large in area but rather are relatively small, such as battery module connections. Furthermore, such heat pipes enable significantly more efficient cooling, for example compared to pure metal strips or the like. The heat pipe is a heat exchanger, which allows a high heat flux density using the heat of vaporization of the medium. In this way, a large amount of heat can be transferred over a small cross section. The thermal resistance of a heat pipe is significantly less than that of metal at operating temperatures. A significantly lighter construction can thus be achieved for the same transport capacity under the same conditions of use than in conventional heat exchangers. As the working medium, for example, water or ammonia may be used. The working medium is enclosed in a container, which is preferably metallic, that is to say made of metal and/or an alloy, for example copper. At the heat input point of the heat input of the heat pipe, the temperature increases until the working medium evaporates, at which point the temperature does not rise any more until all the working medium evaporates. The evaporated working medium moves to the heat output point of the heat pipe, which can be coupled to a heat sink, whereby the evaporated working medium is cooled again at the heat output point, liquefied and flows back to the heat input point of the heat pipe. The first heat pipe component arranged on at least a part of the battery module connecting device described above accordingly comprises a heat input point, while the second heat pipe component for arrangement on the heat sink correspondingly comprises a heat output point. In this way, a thermal path for dissipating heat from the battery module connection device or at least a part of the battery module connection device via the at least one heat pipe to the heat sink can be advantageously provided. The at least one heat pipe can be designed as a heat pipe, but can also be designed, for example, as a so-called two-phase thermosiphon. Heat pipes differ from such two-phase thermosiphons only in their functional principle by the transport of the working medium or the return of the gaseous working medium. This is achieved in the two-phase thermosiphon on the basis of gravity, so that in this case the second heat pipe part is preferably designed higher than the first heat pipe part in terms of the direction of gravity. It is preferred that at least one heat pipe is designed as a heat pipe, since such an arrangement of heat pipes can be realized independently of the direction of gravity, without affecting the way in which the heat pipe works. This is due to the fact that the heat pipe uses the capillary or wicking principle to draw the condensed fluid back to the evaporator, i.e. to the heat input point. The design of the heat pipe as at least one heat pipe offers a possibility of use that is independent of location, which results in significantly greater flexibility in terms of the arrangement possibilities. In both cases, however, it can be provided that heat is dissipated particularly effectively from the battery module connecting device or at least a part thereof to the heat sink. By means of the advantageous cooling possibility in the region of the battery module connecting device, it is also possible to provide cooling of the battery module and the battery cells in the region of the electrodes of the battery module and in the region of the electrodes of the battery cells. Thus, temperature gradients within the battery cell can be avoided or at least reduced significantly more effectively. Therefore, the battery module can be cooled very effectively by the present invention. The described cooling system can also be combined in a simple manner here with a conventional cooling system, for example a cooling device, which is arranged on the lower side of the battery module or also on the other sides of the battery module or between the individual cells of the battery module, in order to further increase the cooling efficiency overall when cooling the battery module. In this way, a significantly higher power can advantageously be provided during driving, and a significantly higher charging power can also be achieved during the charging process, as a result of which a significantly shorter charging time is achieved.
In the case of the invention, the battery module can be designed as described at the outset and comprises, for example, a plurality of battery cells, for example lithium-ion cells. Furthermore, the battery cells can be designed, for example, as prismatic battery cells. However, the cooling system according to the invention and its design can also be used for cooling battery modules with round cells and/or soft-packed cells.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the battery module connecting device has a first terminal unit for electrically conductive connection to an electrode terminal unit of a first battery module, a second terminal unit for electrically conductive connection to an electrode terminal unit of a second battery module, and a connecting element for electrically conductive connection of the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit to one another, wherein the part of the battery module connecting device, on which the first heat pipe component of the at least one heat pipe is arranged, forms the first terminal unit and/or the second terminal unit and/or the connecting element.
The electrode terminal unit of the first battery module or of the second battery module can be a positive terminal or a negative terminal of the battery module concerned. In the case of two battery modules, for example a first battery module and a second battery module, connected in parallel, the two positive poles of the two battery modules can be connected to one another accordingly by means of such a battery module connecting device, and the two negative poles of the two battery modules can also be connected accordingly by means of such a battery module connecting device. In the case of a series connection of two battery modules, the negative pole of the first battery module can be connected to the positive pole of the second battery module by means of such a battery module connection, and the positive pole of the first battery module can then be connected further to the negative pole of the third battery module by means of such a battery module connection, and the negative pole of the second battery module can in turn be connected to the positive pole of the fourth battery module by means of such a battery module connection, and so on. Any combination of series and parallel circuits of the battery modules can also be realized by such a battery module connecting device.
The at least one heat pipe or its first heat pipe component can then in principle advantageously be arranged on each part of such a battery module connecting device, i.e. its first terminal unit, its second terminal unit or its connecting element, in connection or direct contact therewith, and can also be connected simultaneously with a plurality of these parts accordingly. This makes it possible to design the cooling of the battery module connecting device particularly efficiently and flexibly.
In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the connecting element is designed to be flexible. The connecting element may, for example, comprise a conductor strip, which may, for example, be bent. This is particularly advantageous in the case of contact connection of the electrode terminal units and in the case of contact connection of the corresponding battery module, since then, due to the flexibility of the connecting element, spacing tolerances, positional tolerances and other spacing tolerances which occur additionally during operation between the electrode terminal units of the battery module to be connected can be compensated for.
In this case, i.e. when the connecting element of the battery module connecting device is designed flexibly, it is preferred that the cooling device, in particular the at least one heat pipe, preferably each heat pipe comprised by the cooling device, is connected to another part of the battery module connecting device than the connecting element. That is, when a portion of the battery module connecting device is rigidly designed, it is possible to achieve a simpler connection of the at least one heat pipe to the portion of the battery module connecting device, and at the same time, without limiting the flexibility of the battery module connecting device.
It is therefore often particularly advantageous if, as provided according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the battery module connecting device has at least one rigid part and at least one flexible part, wherein the cooling device is arranged only on the at least one rigid part of the battery module connecting device. That is, the heat pipe comprised by the cooling device is arranged in direct contact or in direct contact on at least one rigid part, rather than on the flexible part of the battery module connecting device. If the cooling device comprises a plurality of such heat pipes, for example, these are preferably all arranged in direct contact or in direct contact on at least one rigid part of the battery module connecting device, or alternatively also on a different rigid part, rather than on a flexible part which can be provided by a connecting element as described. Flexible is to be understood here as meaning preferably bendable or reversibly deformable in geometry. This flexibility can be provided in a simple manner by a correspondingly thin or at least flat construction of the connecting element, as in the described conductor strip. The conductive part of the connecting element is preferably made of a metal or an alloy, such as copper.
Since the cooling device is arranged only on at least one rigid part of the battery module connecting device, effective cooling is achieved and, as already described, the flexibility of the battery module connecting device is not limited.
The battery module connecting means may generally comprise a plurality of separate parts which are not necessarily fixedly connected to each other, that is, may be detachably connected to each other in a damage-free or damage-free manner. Accordingly, the battery module connecting device may also have units that can be reversibly coupled or conductively connected to one another, as is now described further below. It is advantageous here if the first and/or second connector unit has a first coupling unit, which can be coupled in an electrically conductive manner to the electrode terminal unit, a second coupling unit, which can be reversibly connected in an electrically conductive manner to the first coupling unit in a nondestructive manner, for example, can be screwed to the first coupling unit, and a rigid connecting strip, which connects the second coupling unit in an electrically conductive manner to the connecting element. This enables a particularly simple contact connection of the individual battery modules to one another, in particular by means of a connection which is detachable from one another in a reversible manner. In this embodiment of the first and/or second connection unit, it is also preferred if the first heat pipe part of the at least one heat pipe is arranged on the first and/or second coupling unit and/or the rigid connecting strip. In other words, the first heat pipe section is therefore in turn arranged on the rigid element of the battery module connecting device, but not on the connecting element, which is preferably of flexible design.
In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the battery module connecting device has an electrical insulation. This is particularly advantageous since it is in a battery module used in a high-voltage battery that a voltage in the high-voltage range can be provided at the electrode terminal units. The electrical insulation of the battery module connecting device is then preferably designed to provide contact protection, i.e., the current-or voltage-carrying parts of the battery module connecting device and of the electrode terminal units of the battery poles cannot be touched with a finger, for example. In order to be able to achieve as efficient a heat dissipation from the battery module connecting device as possible, it is furthermore preferred that the first heat pipe section of the at least one heat pipe is electrically conductively connected to the battery module connecting device. In other words, the first heat pipe element does not rest, or at least not only on the outside, on the electrically insulating part of the battery module connecting device, but also directly contacts an electrically conductive part of the battery module connecting device, on which a voltage is applied when the battery module connecting device is arranged between the battery module connecting device and through which an electric current is conducted during operation of the battery module. The metal container of the at least one heat pipe can thus be in direct contact with the metal material of the battery module connecting device, whereby a particularly efficient heat dissipation can be achieved, since metals typically have a significantly higher thermal conductivity than typical electrically insulating materials, such as plastics. In order to nevertheless ensure contact safety, the heat pipe may also be sheathed by an electrically insulating element in its course up to the heat sink.
In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cooling system comprises a heat sink, wherein the second heat pipe component is connected in an electrically insulated manner to the heat sink. The heat sink itself can in turn be provided at least by a metal element, for example a metal plate, which can optionally also be flowed through by a cooling medium or a coolant or through which a cooling channel can be provided in the metal plate, for example, during cooling operation. The heat traps may be designed in any of various ways. By means of the electrical insulation between the second heat pipe section and such a metal plate or heat sink, an electrical potential separation can advantageously be achieved. In this case, it is particularly advantageous to provide an electrical insulation in the region of the coupling points of the heat pipes on the heat sink, rather than in the region of the coupling points of the heat pipes on the battery module connecting device, to achieve this potential separation, since a significantly larger heat transfer surface can be provided between the heat pipes and the heat sink, for example a cooling plate, in the region of the heat sink on the basis of a significantly greater degree of structural freedom than in the region of the battery module connecting device. In this way, despite the provision of an electrical insulation between the heat pipe and the heat sink, an effective heat dissipation or an effective heat transfer from the heat pipe to the heat sink can be provided by a correspondingly large transition surface.
The heat sink can also be provided, for example, by a cooling device which is arranged on the underside of the first battery module and/or the second battery module, wherein the underside of the first battery module and/or the second battery module is defined as the side of the relevant battery module which is opposite to the side on which the electrodes of the battery cells of the relevant battery module are arranged. The cooling device is preferably designed as a cooling plate through which a cooling medium can flow. The cooling device arranged on the underside of the battery module can therefore also serve as a heat sink at the same time, in order to connect the heat pipes coupled to the battery module connection, which therefore allows a particularly efficient and compact design to be achieved, since it is not necessary to provide an additional cooling device separately as a heat sink. However, the cooling device, which acts as a heat sink, can also be arranged additionally or alternatively on other sides of the battery module or between the individual cells of the battery module. Nevertheless, the heat sink can also be provided as a separately designed cooling device, for example a cooling plate.
In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cooling system further comprises a heat sink, wherein the heat sink is designed as a heat exchanger having a first heat exchange unit and a second heat exchange unit electrically insulated from the first heat exchange unit, wherein the first heat exchange unit is thermally coupled or operatively coupled to the second heat exchange unit by an electrically insulating cooling medium, wherein the second heat pipe component is electrically conductively connected only to the first heat exchange unit, so that a heat path for dissipating heat from the battery module connection via the at least one heat pipe, via the first heat exchange unit and via the electrically insulating cooling medium to the second heat exchange unit is or can be provided. The coupling of the at least one heat pipe to the heat pipe component designed in this way advantageously makes it possible for the metal heat pipe or the metal container of the heat pipe in turn to be connected directly to the metal part of the first heat exchange unit. Since the first heat exchange unit is electrically insulated from the second heat exchange unit and the electrically insulating cooling medium is also used for heat transfer, it is advantageously possible in this way to provide potential isolation between the battery module connecting device and the second heat exchange unit and thus to the outside. This achieves a particularly effective cooling, since a particularly effective heat transfer and thus a particularly effective heat dissipation can be provided by the possibility of a direct connection of the heat pipe to the battery module connection and the possibility of a direct connection between the heat pipe and the first heat exchange unit, which may likewise be of a metallic material. As electrically insulating cooling medium, for example, an electrically insulating gas and/or an electrically insulating liquid can be used.
The invention further relates to a high-voltage battery for a motor vehicle, wherein the high-voltage battery has a cooling system according to the invention or one of its embodiments. The advantages described for the cooling system according to the invention and its design apply in the same way to the high-voltage battery according to the invention.
In addition, the high-voltage battery may comprise a plurality of battery modules, in particular also the first battery module and the second battery module described above, which are electrically conductively connected or conductively connected to one another by the battery module connection device. The high-voltage battery may in particular comprise a plurality of such battery modules as well as a plurality of the described battery module connecting devices and a corresponding plurality of cooling systems. Furthermore, the high-voltage battery can also have the described heat sink. In this case, the heat pipes of different cooling systems coupled to different battery module connections can also be connected to the same heat sink.
The features of the first battery module and/or of the second battery module described in connection with the cooling system according to the invention and its design should be applicable in the same way to the battery module of the high-voltage battery, so that corresponding refinements of the high-voltage battery according to the invention can also be realized.
The invention further relates to a motor vehicle having a high-voltage battery according to the invention or a configuration thereof. The advantages described in connection with the cooling system according to the invention and its design are applicable in the same way to the motor vehicle according to the invention.
The motor vehicle according to the invention is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car or a truck, or as a passenger bus or a motorcycle.
The invention also comprises a combination of features of the described embodiments.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present invention are described below. For this purpose, it is shown that:
fig. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a high-voltage battery with two exemplary battery modules and a cooling system for cooling the battery modules according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; and
fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a cooling system for cooling a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The examples set forth below are preferred embodiments of the invention. In the exemplary embodiments, the described components of the embodiments are in each case individual features of the invention which can be considered independently of one another and which in each case also improve the invention independently of one another. Thus, the disclosure is intended to include combinations of features of the embodiments other than those shown. Furthermore, the embodiments can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.
In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate functionally similar elements, respectively.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a high-voltage battery 10 having a plurality of battery modules 12, of which only two battery modules 12 are shown by way of example. Furthermore, the high-voltage battery 10 has a cooling system 14 according to one embodiment of the invention. The two battery modules 12 are connected to each other in an electrically conductive manner by means of a battery module connection device 16. In this example, the battery module connection device 16 couples the positive pole 12a of the first battery module 12 with the negative pole 12b of the second battery module 12. Thereby, for example, a series connection of the two battery modules 12 can be achieved. In general, however, the parallel connection of the battery modules 12 can also be provided by electrically conductively connecting the battery modules 12 by means of such a battery module connection device 16. The battery modules 12 of the high-voltage battery 10 (for example, the battery modules illustrated here) can be connected to one another in series and/or in parallel for different reasons, for example, in order to increase the capacitance or the voltage.
In conventional batteries, the connections generate heat very strongly when power is consumed or input, since the currents generated via the consumption or input of these connections subject the connections to a load. Taking the high-voltage battery 10 according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 1 as an example, such a current 18 is also shown by an arrow, which current flows from the first battery 12, in particular via the positive pole 12a of the first battery, via the battery module connection 16 to the negative pole 12b of the second battery module 12, and via the second battery module to the positive pole 12a thereof.
Such a strong heat generation in conventional batteries has a negative effect on the properties of the battery system and in this case damages the battery or the battery module or the individual cells of the battery module, which leads to premature aging, overall reduction in the power of the battery, etc. The invention and its design advantageously make it possible to reduce the thermal load for the energy store, in particular for the respective battery module 12, and thus likewise to reduce or minimize the negative effects described.
For this purpose, at least a part of the cooling device is integrated into the described battery module connection device 16 in the form of at least one heat pipe 20. In this example, the cooling device of the cooling system 14 comprises, by way of example, four such heat pipes 20, which are preferably designed as heat pipes (Heatpipe). Furthermore, the battery module connecting device 16 can have a connecting element which can be fastened or connected, for example screwed, clamped, welded or plugged, to the battery or to the battery module 12, for example, with a terminal part. These respective terminal portions 24 may be conductively connected via a conductor, which is designated in fig. 1 by reference numeral 22 and is referred to below generally as a connecting element 22. Some or all of the battery module connecting means 16 can now advantageously be provided with a heat pipe or generally a heat pipe 20 or heat conductor pipe, which carries heat away from the component, i.e. the battery module connecting means 16. The cooling system 14 therefore accordingly has at least one heat pipe 20 and at least one part of the battery module connection device 16. Such a heat pipe 20 may in turn have a first heat pipe component 20a, which is arranged in direct contact on at least a part of the battery module connecting device 16, and a second heat pipe component 20b, respectively, which is intended to be arranged on the heat sink 25. Accordingly, a heat conduction path for dissipating heat from the battery module connecting device 16 via the first heat pipe component 20a to the second heat pipe component 20b and thus to the heat sink 25 is provided. The heat sink 25 can be provided, for example, by a cooling plate 26 through which a cooling medium can flow, which can be arranged on the underside 12c of the battery module 12 in order to cool the battery module 12 from the underside, or also on one or more other sides of the battery module 12, or also between the individual cells of the respective battery module 12. However, the heat sink 25 can also be provided by a separate cooling device 28, which can be present separately or in addition to such a cooling plate 26.
These heat pipes 20 have, for example, a metal housing or a metal container, for example a copper pipe or the like, in which a working medium is present. The metal housing of the heat pipe 20 is preferably in direct contact with the conductive part of the battery module connecting device 16, so that a particularly efficient heat transfer can be provided. In order to nevertheless be able to achieve an outward potential separation, it is preferred in this case that the heat pipe 20 can be connected with its respective second heat pipe part 20b via an electrical insulation 30 to the heat sink 25, as is shown in this example only for the cooling plate 26. Thus, the hot-well 25, in this example the cooling plate 26, continues to remain potential-free. Alternatively or additionally, however, the heat pipe 20 can also be connected to a heat exchanger as a heat sink 25, for example a cooling device 28 shown as a heat sink 25 in fig. 1, wherein this heat exchanger itself can provide this potential separation, for example, by having two heat exchanger units electrically insulated from one another, which are thermally coupled to one another by an electrically insulating heat-conducting medium.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic or more detailed illustration of a cooling system 14 according to another embodiment of the invention. Accordingly, the cooling system 14 can be designed as already described with respect to fig. 1. The cooling system 14 in turn comprises a battery module connection device 16 and at least one heat pipe 20, in this example two heat pipes 20. The battery module connecting device 16 can in turn have terminal parts 24 and conductors connecting these terminal parts 24, as also described in connection with fig. 1. The conductor may be generally embodied as a flexible connecting element 22. In contrast, the joint member 24 is rigidly constructed. The flexible design of the connecting element 22 has the advantage that tolerances in the spacing between the joint parts 24 can thereby be compensated. In order not to limit the flexibility of the battery module connecting device 16, it is accordingly preferred that the heat pipe 20 is connected only to a rigid part of the battery module connecting device 16, i.e. in this case only to the region of the terminal part 24 or is arranged on the region of the terminal part. These joint parts 24 can in turn be composed of multiple parts. A corresponding joint part 24 of this type, which is also referred to in the summary of the invention as a joint unit, has in this example a first coupling unit 24a, a second coupling unit 24b and a rigid connecting web 24c, which is capable of being conductively coupled with the electrode terminal units 12a, 12b of the associated battery module 12, which can be connected in an electrically conductive manner in a reversible manner to the first coupling unit 24a without damage, for example by means of a bayonet and/or screw connection or any other type of mechanical and electrical contact connection that can be released in a reversible manner, the rigid connecting strip is again connected to the second coupling unit 24b in a fixed manner, i.e. in a non-releasable manner, for example, it is integrally and/or materially connected to the second coupling unit, and the rigid connecting strip is also fixedly connected to the connecting element 22. The respective first and second coupling units 24a, 24b are shown in fig. 2 in an exemplary unconnected state, but can be coupled to one another in a simple manner as described.
Furthermore, the battery module connecting device 16 is electrically insulated from the outside. For this purpose, the individual components of the battery module connecting device 16 are provided with or coated with corresponding electrical insulation 32. This applies in particular to the individual elements of the terminal portion 24 and also to the connecting element 22, which can provide an electrical conductor 34, which can be embodied, for example, as a conductor strip, sheathed with a corresponding electrical insulation 32. The part of the heat pipe 20 extending outside the battery module connecting means 16 may also be provided with a corresponding electrical insulation, which, however, is not shown in detail here for the sake of clarity. As is now evident from fig. 2, however, at least the first heat pipe component 20a of the respective heat pipe 20 is in direct and therefore electrically conductive contact with the part of the battery module connecting device 16 which conducts current during operation, in this example with the electrical component of the respective terminal unit or terminal block 24. Thereby a particularly efficient heat dissipation can be provided. The connection of the respective heat pipe 20 to the battery module connecting device 16 can also be effected in any desired manner, for example by soldering and/or welding, injection molding or the like, using hook and loop. In this case, the terminal part 24 and the electrically conductive part of the connecting element 22 can likewise be made of a metallic material with particularly good thermal conductivity, for example copper or a copper alloy.
In summary, the exemplary embodiments show how a cooled battery connector can be provided by means of the present invention using a heat pipe, which allows targeted cooling of the battery module directly in the region of the electrode terminal units of the battery module, and thus targeted cooling of the battery module directly at the temperature hot spot of the battery module, as a result of which a particularly effective and uniform cooling of the battery module can be provided, as a result of which the aging effect is minimized in the first place and the battery efficiency can be maximized.
Claims (10)
1. A cooling system (14) for cooling a battery module (12), wherein the cooling system (14) has at least one cooling device (20),
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the cooling system (14) has at least one part of a battery module connecting device (16) for electrically conductively connecting a first battery module (12) to a second battery module (12), wherein the cooling device (20) has at least one heat pipe (20) comprising a first heat pipe component (20a) arranged on at least one part of the battery module connecting device (16) and a second heat pipe component (20b) for arrangement on a heat sink (25; 26, 28).
2. The cooling system (14) of claim 1,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the battery module connecting device (16) has a first terminal unit (24) for electrically conductive connection to an electrode terminal unit (12a, 12b) of a first battery module (12), a second terminal unit (24) for electrically conductive connection to an electrode terminal unit (12a, 12b) of a second battery module (12), and a connecting element (22) for electrically conductive connection of the first terminal unit (24) and the second terminal unit (24) to one another, wherein the part of the battery module connecting device (16) on which the first heat pipe component (20a) of the at least one heat pipe (20) is arranged is the first terminal unit (24) and/or the second terminal unit (24) and/or the connecting element (22).
3. The cooling system (14) of claim 2,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the connecting element (22) is designed to be flexible.
4. Cooling system (14) according to one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the battery module connecting device (16) has at least one rigid section (24) and at least one flexible section (22), wherein the cooling device (20) is arranged only on the at least one rigid section (24) of the battery module connecting device (16).
5. The cooling system (14) according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the first and/or second connector unit (24, 24) comprises:
a first coupling unit (24a) which can be conductively coupled to the electrode terminal unit (12a, 12 b);
-a second coupling unit (24b) which can be connected in an electrically conductive manner in a reversible manner to the first coupling unit (24a) without damage; and
-a rigid connecting strip (24c) which electrically conductively connects the second coupling unit (24b) to the connecting element (22);
wherein the first heat pipe component (20a) of the at least one heat pipe (20) is arranged on the first coupling unit (24a) and/or the second coupling unit (24b) and/or the rigid connecting strip (24 c).
6. Cooling system (14) according to one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the battery module connecting device (16) has an electrically insulating section (32), wherein the first heat pipe section (20a) of the at least one heat pipe (20) is electrically conductively connected to the battery module connecting device (16).
7. Cooling system (14) according to one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the cooling system (14) comprises the heat sink (25; 26, 28), wherein the second heat pipe component (20b) is electrically insulated from the heat sink (25; 26, 28).
8. Cooling system (14) according to one of the preceding claims,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the cooling system (14) comprises a heat sink (25; 28) designed as a heat exchanger (28) having a first heat exchange unit and a second heat exchange unit electrically insulated from the first heat exchange unit, wherein the first heat exchange unit can be thermally coupled to the second heat exchange unit by an electrically insulated cooling medium, wherein the second heat pipe section (20b) is electrically conductively connected only to the first heat exchange unit, so that a thermal path for dissipating heat from the battery module connection (16) via the at least one heat pipe (20), via the first heat exchange unit and via the electrically insulated cooling medium to the second heat exchange unit can be provided.
9. A high-voltage battery (10) for a motor vehicle, wherein the high-voltage battery (10) has a cooling system (14) according to any one of the preceding claims.
10. A motor vehicle having a high-voltage battery (10) according to claim 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019205049.2 | 2019-04-09 | ||
| DE102019205049.2A DE102019205049A1 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | Cooling arrangement for cooling battery modules, high-voltage batteries and motor vehicles |
| PCT/EP2020/057267 WO2020207718A1 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-03-17 | Cooling arrangement for cooling battery modules, high-voltage battery, and motor vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113544897A true CN113544897A (en) | 2021-10-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080018876.2A Pending CN113544897A (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-03-17 | Cooling system for cooling battery module, high-voltage battery and motor vehicle |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113544897A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102019205049A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020207718A1 (en) |
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| DE102021107822A1 (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2022-09-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Cooling device for an electrical energy store with gravitational heat pipes, electrical energy store and motor vehicle |
| DE102022111446A1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-11-09 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Battery arrangement with capillary arrangements |
| DE102022111460A1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-11-09 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Battery arrangement with capillary arrangements |
| DE102022114560A1 (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2023-12-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Busbar with pulsating heat pipe, assembly and high-voltage electrical system |
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| US20130280574A1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-24 | Sb Limotive Co., Ltd. | Battery pack |
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| US20170003082A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Faraday&Future Inc. | Heat pipe for vehicle energy-storage systems |
| DE102016206510A1 (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-19 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | battery unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102015106948A1 (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2016-11-10 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | vehicle component |
| CN106785183B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2020-08-25 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power battery package and electric automobile |
-
2019
- 2019-04-09 DE DE102019205049.2A patent/DE102019205049A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-03-17 CN CN202080018876.2A patent/CN113544897A/en active Pending
- 2020-03-17 WO PCT/EP2020/057267 patent/WO2020207718A1/en active Application Filing
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| JPH06140020A (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-05-20 | Yazaki Corp | Battery connection terminal |
| US20130280574A1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-24 | Sb Limotive Co., Ltd. | Battery pack |
| DE102014213091B3 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2015-08-27 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Electric energy storage and vehicle with an electrical energy storage |
| US20170003082A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Faraday&Future Inc. | Heat pipe for vehicle energy-storage systems |
| DE102016206510A1 (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-19 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | battery unit |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102019205049A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
| WO2020207718A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
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