CN113542988A - Vibrating diaphragm and sound generating device - Google Patents

Vibrating diaphragm and sound generating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113542988A
CN113542988A CN202010307135.8A CN202010307135A CN113542988A CN 113542988 A CN113542988 A CN 113542988A CN 202010307135 A CN202010307135 A CN 202010307135A CN 113542988 A CN113542988 A CN 113542988A
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China
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
thermoplastic polyester
polyester elastomer
foaming
film layer
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CN202010307135.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
惠冰
凌风光
李春
刘春发
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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Priority to CN202010307135.8A priority Critical patent/CN113542988A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/136108 priority patent/WO2021208470A1/en
Publication of CN113542988A publication Critical patent/CN113542988A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/122—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/125—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising a plurality of superposed layers in contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0264—Polyester
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2231/00—Details of apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor covered by H04R31/00, not provided for in its subgroups
    • H04R2231/001—Moulding aspects of diaphragm or surround
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/025—Diaphragms comprising polymeric materials

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a vibrating diaphragm and a sound production device. The vibrating diaphragm comprises a foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer; wherein the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is prepared from a copolymer consisting of a polyester hard segment A and a polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B by a foaming method; the foaming agent of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer is at least one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, butane, azo compounds, nitroso compounds, inorganic compounds and diamine compounds; the glass transition temperature of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer is less than or equal to-10 ℃. One technical effect of the invention is that: the vibrating diaphragm can keep a high elastic state at normal temperature and has good rebound resilience.

Description

Vibrating diaphragm and sound generating device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electroacoustic conversion, in particular to a vibrating diaphragm and a sound production device.
Background
With the rapid development of electroacoustic technology, various types of electroacoustic products are developed. A sound generating device is an indispensable device in an electroacoustic product as an energy converter for converting an electric signal into a sound signal. At present, sound generating devices have been applied to various types of terminal electronic products such as mobile phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, navigators, electronic books, intelligent wearable devices, and the like, and the application of the sound generating devices is very wide.
The diaphragm is provided in the vibration system of the sound generating apparatus, which is one of the more important parts in the sound generating apparatus. The diaphragm in the existing sound generating device is mostly made of a rubber film layer (e.g., nitrile rubber NBR, butyl rubber IIR, etc.) or softer thermoplastic polyurethane foam. However, the above-mentioned diaphragms have relatively poor overall properties, such as high density, low elastic recovery rate, poor heat resistance, etc., which are prone to cause problems of low loudness and small margin of high and low temperature cycle reliability.
Nowadays, with the increasing requirements of high power, water resistance and high sound quality, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for a diaphragm.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a diaphragm including a foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer;
wherein the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is prepared from a copolymer consisting of a polyester hard segment A and a polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B by a foaming method;
the foaming agent of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer is at least one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, butane, azo compounds, nitroso compounds, inorganic compounds and diamine compounds;
the glass transition temperature of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer is less than or equal to-10 ℃.
Optionally, the thermoplastic temperature of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is 80 ℃ to 200 ℃.
Optionally, the size of the cells of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is 10 μm to 200 μm.
Optionally, the breaking elongation of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is more than or equal to 150%.
Optionally, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer has a tensile strength of 0.1MPa to 50 MPa.
Optionally, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer has a density of 0.1g/cm3～1g/cm3The porosity is 10-90%.
Optionally, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is a copolymer composed of a polyester hard segment a and a polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B, wherein the mass percentage of the polyester hard segment a is 15% -90%.
Optionally, the material of the polyester hard segment A is a polymer of dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol, wherein the dibasic acid is selected from at least one of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and biphenyl dicarboxylic acid, and the dihydric alcohol is selected from at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol and hexanediol;
the material of the polyether or the aliphatic polyester soft segment B is at least one selected from aliphatic polyester, polytetrahydrofuran ether, polyphenyl ether and polyethylene oxide.
Optionally, the elastic recovery rate of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer after 10% strain is more than or equal to 80%.
Optionally, the diaphragm is a single-layer diaphragm, and the single-layer diaphragm is made of a layer of foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the vibrating diaphragm is a composite vibrating diaphragm, the composite vibrating diaphragm comprises two layers, three layers, four layers or five layers of film layers, and the composite vibrating diaphragm at least comprises one layer of foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer.
Optionally, the adhesive film layer is further included;
the adhesive force between the adhesive film layer and the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is greater than 50g/25mm in a 180 ° peel test.
Optionally, the thickness of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is 50 μm to 2000 μm.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a sound emitting device is provided. The sound generating device comprises a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibration system;
wherein the vibration system comprises a diaphragm as described in any one of the above.
According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the diaphragm has high structural strength and good toughness resilience performance, and simultaneously has a good sound-producing effect.
In addition, the vibrating diaphragm has wider elastic area and excellent resilience.
In addition, the diaphragm can always keep better elasticity even if the diaphragm works in the environment below 0 ℃, so that the sound production device applying the diaphragm can show higher sound quality. Meanwhile, the risk of damage of the diaphragm in a low-temperature environment can be reduced, and the reliability is higher.
The technical task to be achieved or the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are never thought or not expected by those skilled in the art, and therefore the present invention is a new technical solution.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a test curve (SPL curve) of loudness at different frequencies for a diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present disclosure and a conventional rubber diaphragm.
Fig. 2 is a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) plot of a diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present disclosure and a conventional diaphragm.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a diaphragm provided according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a diaphragm is provided, which can be applied to a sound generating device such as a speaker, and can provide the sound generating device with good sound generating performance. In addition, the diaphragm may be a single-layer structure or a composite structure formed by compounding a plurality of film layers, and those skilled in the art may flexibly adjust the diaphragm according to the needs, which is not limited in the present invention.
The vibrating diaphragm provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer. Wherein, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) is a foaming body (or foam) prepared by a foaming method from a copolymer consisting of a polyester hard segment A and a polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B.
Specifically, the polyester material and the polyether or aliphatic polyester material can generate the copolymer through ester exchange reaction under the action of a set catalyst. The copolymer is a polymer prepared by connecting two or more polymer chain segments with different properties. Due to inherent incompatibility among the components of the copolymer, the copolymer is self-assembled into an ordered nano structure on a nano scale, and the formed microphase is separated and has the characteristic of having the performances of different polymer chain segments.
For example, the copolymer raw material used for manufacturing the diaphragm is in the form of particles, powder, or the like. When the diaphragm is manufactured, the raw materials are heated to form fluid. The fluid is formed into a film layer by injection molding, tape casting and the like. Wherein, because the polyester hard segment A has higher hardness, the polyester hard segment A can play a role of good structural support, so that the formed foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer can have enough rigidity. The polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B has stronger fluidity, so that smoothness can be provided for the film layer, the resilience performance of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer can be good, the thermoplastic temperature of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is lower, for example, can reach 80-200 ℃, so that the forming temperature of the vibrating diaphragm is lower, and the processing and manufacturing of the vibrating diaphragm are easier.
As shown in table 1 below, the hard segment a content of the polyester is shown in table 1 in relation to the glass transition temperature and the tensile strength of the material. As is clear from table 1: with the increase of the content of the hard segment A of the polyester, the glass transition temperature of the material is increased, the low-temperature resistance is reduced, and the mechanical strength is increased.
TABLE 1 relationship between hard segment A content of polyester and glass transition temperature and tensile strength of material
Figure BDA0002456178850000051
It should be noted that, the higher the mass fraction of the polyester hard segment a is, the higher the hardness of the formed diaphragm is, but this may increase the brittleness of the diaphragm correspondingly, and easily cause the diaphragm to be damaged. The lower the mass fraction of the polyester hard segment a, the less the polyester hard segment a can form crystals, which tends to cause the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer to be soft in texture and low in hardness, eventually leading to deterioration in toughness and resilience of the finished diaphragm. The mass fraction of the polyester hard segment A can be flexibly adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to the specific requirements of the diaphragm.
In one example of the invention, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is a copolymer composed of a polyester hard segment A and a polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B, wherein the mass percentage of the polyester hard segment A is 15% -90%. That is, the amount of the hard polyester segment A material accounts for 15-90% of the total mass of the reactants (i.e. the total mass of the hard polyester segment A material and the polyether or soft aliphatic polyester segment B material). Within the mass percentage range, the prepared diaphragm has proper hardness, toughness and resilience.
In the embodiment of the invention, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is a foam (or foam) prepared by a foaming method from a copolymer consisting of a polyester hard segment A and a polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B. In the examples of the present invention, a physical foaming method was used.
In one embodiment of the invention, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is prepared by a supercritical foaming molding method from a copolymer consisting of a polyester hard segment A and a polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B. The supercritical foaming is a physical foaming technique, and simultaneously is a microcellular foaming technique, in the processes of injection molding, extrusion and blow molding, firstly, injecting other gases such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen in a supercritical state into a special plasticizing device, fully and uniformly mixing/diffusing the gases and molten raw materials to form single-phase mixed sol, then introducing the sol into a mold cavity or an extrusion die, and leading the sol to generate large pressure drop, so that the gases are separated out to form a large amount of bubble nuclei, and in the subsequent cooling and forming process, the bubble nuclei in the sol can continuously grow and form, and finally, microcellular foamed products are obtained. In the embodiment of the invention, the foaming body product prepared by the supercritical foaming forming method can improve the warping deformation on the appearance, eliminate the surface sink mark, ensure that the prepared foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer has good appearance and is beneficial to preparing a smoother foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer.
Wherein, the foaming agent of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer can adopt a physical foaming agent. Further, the blowing agent may be selected from at least one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, butane, azo compounds, nitroso compounds, inorganic compounds, and diamine compounds. When the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer is prepared into a foaming material by a supercritical foaming forming method, more physical foaming agents can be selected, and the production is simplified. Moreover, the physical foaming agents listed above are relatively low in cost and environmentally friendly, and are very suitable for industrial mass production. In specific application, the skilled person can flexibly select the required application according to actual needs.
In the examples of the present invention, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer prepared by the foaming method has a cell size (cell size) ranging from 10 μm to 200 μm, wherein the cell size means a distance between two points where cells are largest. In practice. The cell size of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer has a positive correlation with the amount of blowing agent used. When the amount of the foaming agent is small, the arrangement among cells on the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is loose, the cell walls are thick, and the change of the cell size is small. When the amount of the foaming agent is relatively large, the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer is closely arranged among cells, so that the cell walls are thinned, and cell-to-cell fusion may occur, which results in increased cell size and decreased density. Therefore, the size of the cells should be reasonably controlled. Within the above range of cells, the cells can be arranged with a suitable degree of compactness without causing the cells to be too large or too small. And more preferably, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer has a cell size ranging from 30 to 150 μm.
In the examples of the present invention, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer had a density of 0.1g/cm3～1g/cm3And a more preferred density range is 0.2g/cm3～0.8g/cm3. And, the porosity of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is 10% to 90%, and more preferably, the porosity isThe ratio ranges from 20% to 80%. In fact, porosity is inversely related to material density, with higher porosity giving lower material density.
The influence factor of the material density is mainly the pressure during foaming. The higher the pressure during foaming, the higher the content of the foaming agent, and the higher the expansion ratio, resulting in a decrease in the density of the material. And too low density leads to low mechanical strength of the material, and the material is easy to crack in the using process, so that the using requirement is difficult to meet, and the manufacturing of the vibrating diaphragm is unfavorable.
Among them, the density of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is more preferably 0.2g/cm3～0.8g/cm3. Therefore, under the same size, taking the corrugated rim vibrating diaphragm as an example, compared with a rubber corrugated rim vibrating diaphragm, the corrugated rim vibrating diaphragm prepared by adopting the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer provided by the embodiment of the invention can have smaller mass, and the sound-generating device can show higher loudness in use.
Fig. 1 is an SPL curve of a diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present disclosure and a conventional rubber diaphragm. Wherein, the vibrating diaphragms are all corrugated ring vibrating diaphragms. In fig. 1: the abscissa is frequency (Hz), the ordinate is loudness, the solid line is a test curve of the diaphragm of one embodiment of the present disclosure, and the dashed line is a test curve of a conventional rubber diaphragm. As can be seen from fig. 1, the SPL curves show that the low-frequency performance of the two diaphragms is similar. F0 of the sound production device adopting the vibrating diaphragm and the conventional rubber vibrating diaphragm in the embodiment of the disclosure is 198 Hz. However, the mid-frequency sensitivity of the sound generating device using the diaphragm of the embodiment of the present disclosure is higher than that of the conventional rubber diaphragm. That is to say, the sound generating device that adopts the vibrating diaphragm of this disclosed embodiment has higher loudness and comfort level.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the polyester hard segment a is, for example, a polymer of dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol. The dibasic acid and the dihydric alcohol are polymerized under the set reaction conditions to form the polyester hard segment A. The polymer is easy to react with the material of the polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B, so that the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer polymer is formed.
Optionally, the dibasic acid is selected from at least one of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, and biphenyl dicarboxylic acid. The reaction speed of the dibasic acid and the dihydric alcohol is high, and the conversion rate is high.
Optionally, the diol is at least one selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, and hexylene glycol. The reaction speed of the dihydric alcohol and the dibasic acid is high, and the conversion rate is high.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the types of the dibasic acid and the diol for preparing the polyester hard segment a are not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select them according to actual needs.
The polyester hard segment A has better crystallization performance, so that the manufactured vibrating diaphragm has higher rigidity and structural strength, the durability of the vibrating diaphragm can be improved, the service life of the vibrating diaphragm is prolonged, and the polyester hard segment A is very favorable for a sound generating device.
The material of the polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B may be selected from at least one of aliphatic polyester, polytetrahydrofuran ether, polyphenylene oxide, and polyethylene oxide, for example.
The polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B can enable the prepared foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer to have good fluidity, so that the prepared vibrating diaphragm is good in smoothness and good in flexibility. The material of the polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B is easy to polymerize with the material of the polyester hard segment A, so that the processing of the vibrating diaphragm is easier, the difficulty in processing and manufacturing the vibrating diaphragm can be reduced, and the production and manufacturing of the vibrating diaphragm are facilitated.
In addition, the relative molecular mass range of the material of the polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B may be, for example, 600-6000. The lower the relative molecular mass of the soft segment B of polyether or aliphatic polyester, the more serious the dispersion of the soft segment B of polyether or aliphatic polyester by the hard segment A of polyester, and the prepared diaphragm can show higher brittleness and poor toughness and rebound resilience. The higher the relative molecular mass of the soft segment B of polyether or aliphatic polyester, the higher the hardness, and the closer the properties to the hard segment A of polyester, which results in poor elasticity and low elongation at break of the finished diaphragm. The relative molecular mass range enables the prepared diaphragm to have enough rigidity and toughness, higher tensile strength and elongation at break.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer may be 50 μm to 2000 μm. The smaller the thickness of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is, the less the rigidity of the formed diaphragm is, so that the phenomenon of diaphragm polarization is easily caused in the vibrating process of the diaphragm. On the other hand, if the thickness of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is too large, the margin of the vibration space of the formed vibration system becomes small, and the mass of the vibration system increases, so that the sensitivity of the vibration system becomes poor. The thickness range enables the diaphragm to have higher rigidity and sensitivity, and the vibration space allowance of the vibration system is increased.
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is more preferable that the thickness of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is 100 μm to 1200 μm. This thickness range contributes to making the sensitivity of the diaphragm higher, the amplitude of the diaphragm large, the loudness large, and the vibration space margin of the vibration system larger at the same drive power. The performance of the sound generating device is improved.
In addition, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer can provide certain rigidity in the diaphragm and can also be used for improving part of damping performance. The foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is composed of a polyester hard segment A and a polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B, wherein the polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B can move at a certain temperature (such as room temperature), but the molecular chain segment movement of the polyester hard segment A has large friction damping, so that the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer shows good damping characteristics. Compared with the conventional diaphragm, the diaphragm provided by the embodiment of the invention has the characteristic of higher damping property. Therefore, the vibration system has stronger capability of inhibiting the polarization phenomenon of the vibrating diaphragm in the vibration process and good vibration consistency.
Compared with the vibrating diaphragm made of polyurethane foaming materials, the vibrating diaphragm made of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer can have a wider elastic area. The strain occurring in this region, when the external force is removed, the material has excellent recovery. In the vibrating process of the vibrating diaphragm, the swinging vibration is less, so that the tone quality and the listening stability are better.
As shown in fig. 2, in fig. 2: the abscissa is frequency (Hz), the ordinate is harmonic distortion THD (%), the dotted line is a harmonic distortion test curve of the diaphragm according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the solid line is a harmonic distortion test curve of the polyurethane type foam diaphragm. Wherein, the vibrating diaphragms are all corrugated ring vibrating diaphragms. Relative to a polyurethane foam diaphragm, the diaphragm provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has lower harmonic distortion (THD) and no peak appears. This shows that, the diaphragm that this disclosed embodiment provided really has better anti polarization ability, and tone quality is better.
The foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer can enable the prepared diaphragm to have a wider elastic area and good rebound resilience. In the embodiment of the invention, the elastic recovery rate of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer after 10% strain is more than or equal to 80%. The sound production device has better transient response and lower distortion due to the good rebound resilience of the diaphragm.
In the embodiment of the invention, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer adopted for manufacturing the diaphragm can ensure that the manufactured diaphragm has good flexibility. For example, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer has an elongation at break of 100% or more. And more preferably, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer has an elongation at break of not less than 150%. The larger the breaking elongation is, the higher the soft segment content in the material is, the lower the glass transition temperature is, the better the flexibility is, the better the low temperature resistance is, and the reliability allowance of the vibrating diaphragm at low temperature can be improved. If the elongation at break is more than 100%, the diaphragm is not easy to break and the like when in use.
Among them, the material of the polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B has an important influence on the elongation at break, and those skilled in the art can select the material according to actual needs. The material of the soft segment B of polyether or aliphatic polyester can make the vibration displacement of the diaphragm larger and the loudness larger. And has good reliability and durability.
The better the flexibility of the material, the greater the elongation at break, the greater the ability of the diaphragm to resist damage. When the vibrating diaphragm vibrates in a large-amplitude state, the material generates large strain, and the risk of membrane folding, membrane cracking or membrane breaking can occur during long-time vibration. The vibrating diaphragm made of the TPEE thermoplastic foaming body provided by the embodiment of the invention has good flexibility, and the risk of damage of the vibrating diaphragm can be obviously reduced.
In the embodiment of the invention, the glass transition temperature of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer can be adjusted by adjusting the dosage ratio of the polyester hard segment A and the polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B. For example, the mass percentage of the polyester hard segment A is 15 to 90 percent. This results in a glass transition temperature of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer of less than or equal to-10 ℃. The glass transition temperature enables the diaphragm to keep a high elastic state at normal temperature, and the rebound resilience is good.
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is more preferable that the glass transition temperature of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is-60 ℃ to-20 ℃. When the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the vibrating diaphragm can always keep better elasticity during working, so that the sound production device shows higher sound quality. Meanwhile, the risk of damage of the vibrating diaphragm of the sound production device in a low-temperature environment is reduced, and the reliability is higher.
The vibrating diaphragm provided by the embodiment of the invention can meet the requirements of a sound generating device on the use in high and low temperature environments. The low temperature performance is more prominent than conventional diaphragms (e.g., PEEK diaphragms). The diaphragm of the embodiment of the invention has good strength and toughness even if used in a low-temperature environment. In a long-time low-temperature environment, the vibrating diaphragm has low risk of vibrating and breaking the diaphragm and high reliability.
In the embodiment of the invention, the tensile strength of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is 0.1MPa to 50 MPa. More preferably, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer has a tensile strength of 0.1MPa to 35 MPa.
There are two quantities related to the tensile strength of the material: (1) the higher the content of the polyester hard segment A, the higher the glass transition point of the material, the lower the low temperature resistance of the material, the higher the strength of the material, and the lower the elongation at break. (2) The foaming ratio is increased, the density of the material is reduced, the porosity is increased, the strength of the material is reduced, and the elongation at break is properly reduced. The amount of the polyester hard segment A material can be reasonably adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to the requirements of different diaphragms so as to achieve proper tensile strength.
The diaphragm provided by the embodiment of the invention can be of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer composite structure.
For example, the diaphragm is a single-layer diaphragm, and the single-layer diaphragm is made of a layer of foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film. The structure of the vibrating diaphragm is simpler.
For another example, the diaphragm is a composite diaphragm. The composite diaphragm can comprise two layers, three layers, four layers or five layers of film layers, and the composite diaphragm at least comprises one layer of foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer. For other film layers, those skilled in the art can flexibly select a suitable material according to actual needs, and the material is not limited to this.
The diaphragm may further include a glue film layer. For a diaphragm with a multi-layer composite structure, the adhesive layer may be used to provide the damping and adhesion required for the diaphragm. The adhesive film layer can be directly bonded with the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer to form a composite structure. The foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer contains a large amount of ester groups, and can form a hydrogen bonding effect with a film layer when being made into a vibrating diaphragm, so that the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer has excellent cohesiveness. This makes the diaphragm easier and more convenient to manufacture.
Wherein the bonding force between the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer and the adhesive film layer is more than 50g/25mm under a 180 DEG peeling test. Within this range, the strength and durability of the entire diaphragm can be significantly improved.
Preferably, the adhesion between the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer and the adhesive film layer is greater than 100g/25mm under a 180 ° peel test. When the vibrating diaphragm is applied to a sound production device, the high adhesive force enables the vibrating diaphragm to be good in coordination consistency with the cone in the vibration process, the tone quality is pure, the vibrating diaphragm still keeps an initial state after being vibrated for a long time, and the performance stability is high.
In addition, the adhesive film layer may be selected from one or more of an acrylate adhesive, a silicone adhesive, and a polyurethane adhesive. The adhesive film layer has good adhesive force and damping performance. The skilled person can select the desired one according to the actual need. The thickness of the adhesive film layer can be controlled to be 1 μm to 40 μm, for example. The adhesive force of the adhesive film layer increases as its thickness increases. The thickness of the adhesive film layer is too small, which may cause insufficient adhesive force, and the consistency of the motion of the upper and lower surface layers of the adhesive film layer cannot be effectively ensured in the vibrating process of the vibrating diaphragm. Meanwhile, the damping effect provided by the adhesive film layer is reduced along with the reduction of the thickness. The thickness of the adhesive film layer is too large, so that on one hand, the vibration space allowance can be reduced; and on the other hand, the edge of the vibrating diaphragm is easy to overflow glue and the like. The adhesive film layer with the thickness range can give consideration to enough adhesive force, excellent damping effect and sufficient vibration space allowance of a vibration system.
The following will describe the structure of several diaphragms with multi-layer composite structures as examples.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the diaphragm has a three-layer composite structure, as shown in fig. 3, which includes a middle layer and two surface layers; wherein, the middle layer is a film adhesive layer 2, and the two surface layers are both foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layers 1. The vibrating diaphragm of the structure has the characteristics of strong rigidity and good damping effect. In this embodiment, both surface layers are the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer 1, which makes the prepared diaphragm have the characteristics of good hardness, toughness and rebound resilience. Moreover, the two surface layers of the diaphragm are made of uniform materials, so that the durability of the diaphragm is better.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the diaphragm is a four-layer composite structure, which includes two intermediate layers and two surface layers; the two surface layers are both foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layers 1, and the two middle layers can be adhesive film layers made of two different materials. The vibrating diaphragm of the structure has the characteristics of strong rigidity and good damping effect.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the diaphragm is a five-layer composite structure, which includes three intermediate layers and two surface layers; the two surface layers are both foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layers 1; wherein, two intermediate layers are both the film layer 2, and the other intermediate layer is sandwiched between the two intermediate layers, and the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer 1 is adopted. In the vibrating diaphragm structure, the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layers 1 and the adhesive film layers 2 are alternately arranged. The vibrating diaphragm of this structure rigidity is strong, and the damping effect is good, and the resilience is also comparatively excellent.
In the three embodiments, the two surface layers are made of the same material and have the same thickness, so that the formed diaphragm has good uniformity and is not easy to curl or wrinkle.
In addition, in other embodiments, the two surface layers may be made of different materials, and only one of the surface layers is a foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer, while the other surface layer is another material film layer. Wherein, the specific film material can be flexibly selected by those skilled in the art according to the actual requirement, and then a plurality of films are bonded together through, for example, a film adhesive layer. The diaphragm made in this way also has good physical and acoustic properties.
The diaphragm of the embodiment of the invention is, for example, a corrugated diaphragm or a flat diaphragm.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a sound generating apparatus is provided. The sound generating device comprises a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibration system. Wherein the vibration system comprises the diaphragm of any of the above embodiments. The sound generating means may be a loudspeaker, for example.
The sound generating device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the characteristics of good sound generating effect and good durability.
In the above embodiments, the differences between the embodiments are described in emphasis, and different optimization features between the embodiments can be combined to form a better embodiment as long as the differences are not contradictory, and further description is omitted here in consideration of brevity of the text.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. A diaphragm, characterized in that: comprises a foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer;
wherein the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is prepared from a copolymer consisting of a polyester hard segment A and a polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B by a foaming method;
the foaming agent of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer is at least one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, butane, azo compounds, nitroso compounds, inorganic compounds and diamine compounds;
the glass transition temperature of the foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer is less than or equal to-10 ℃.
2. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the thermoplastic temperature of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is 80-200 ℃.
3. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the size of the foam pores of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is 10-200 mu m.
4. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the breaking elongation of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is more than or equal to 150%.
5. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the tensile strength of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is 0.1MPa to 50 MPa.
6. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the density of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is 0.1g/cm3～1g/cm3The porosity is 10-90%.
7. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer is a copolymer consisting of a polyester hard segment A and polyether or aliphatic polyester soft segment B, wherein the mass percent of the polyester hard segment A is 15-90%.
8. The loudspeaker diaphragm of claim 1 or 7 where: the material of the polyester hard segment A is a polymer of dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol, wherein the dibasic acid is selected from at least one of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and biphenyl dicarboxylic acid, and the dihydric alcohol is selected from at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol and hexanediol;
the material of the polyether or the aliphatic polyester soft segment B is at least one selected from aliphatic polyester, polytetrahydrofuran ether, polyphenyl ether and polyethylene oxide.
9. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the elastic recovery rate of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer after 10% strain is more than or equal to 80%.
10. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the vibrating diaphragm is a single-layer vibrating diaphragm, and the single-layer vibrating diaphragm is made of a layer of foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the vibrating diaphragm is a composite vibrating diaphragm, the composite vibrating diaphragm comprises two layers, three layers, four layers or five layers of film layers, and the composite vibrating diaphragm at least comprises one layer of foaming thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer.
11. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the adhesive film layer is also included;
the adhesive force between the adhesive film layer and the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is greater than 50g/25mm in a 180 ° peel test.
12. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the foamed thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer is 50-2000 mu m.
13. A sound generating device, characterized by: the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system matched with the vibration system are included;
the vibration system comprises the diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
CN202010307135.8A 2020-04-17 2020-04-17 Vibrating diaphragm and sound generating device Pending CN113542988A (en)

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