CN113540507B - Control method for cooling fan of fuel cell thermal management system - Google Patents

Control method for cooling fan of fuel cell thermal management system Download PDF

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CN113540507B
CN113540507B CN202110677968.8A CN202110677968A CN113540507B CN 113540507 B CN113540507 B CN 113540507B CN 202110677968 A CN202110677968 A CN 202110677968A CN 113540507 B CN113540507 B CN 113540507B
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reactor
temperature
cooling liquid
liquid entering
current
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CN113540507A (en
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徐彬
徐煜
吴敏
黄俊伟
李顺然
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Suzhou Huachang Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling a heat radiation fan of a fuel cell heat management system, which can quickly realize the heat balance of the fuel cell system by accurately controlling the power of the fan in the fuel cell heat management system, so that a fuel cell stack works in an optimal set temperature range, thereby not only optimizing the performance of the fuel cell system, but also prolonging the service life of the fuel cell stack.

Description

Control method for cooling fan of fuel cell thermal management system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method of a cooling fan of a fuel cell thermal management system.
Background
The temperature is a key parameter influencing the performance of the fuel cell system, and a reasonable thermal management system can ensure the stability of the temperature of the fuel cell system under steady state and dynamic variable load, improve the performance of the fuel cell system and prolong the service life of the fuel cell. The traditional temperature control method adopts PID to control a cooling fan, the method has the problems of large temperature fluctuation of the fuel cell stack, long adjusting time and no contribution to the normal working performance of the fuel cell stack, and the short-time high temperature possibly occurring in the PID adjusting process even threatens the performance and the service life of the fuel cell system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method of a heat radiation fan of a fuel cell heat management system, which can optimize the performance of the fuel cell system and prolong the service life of a fuel cell stack.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a control method of a heat radiation fan of a fuel cell heat management system divides a first temperature difference value between a current coolant entering temperature value and a set coolant entering temperature value into a positive value interval and a negative value interval, wherein the positive value interval comprises N first sub-intervals which are sequentially arranged, and the negative value interval comprises N second sub-intervals which are sequentially arranged;
in each first subinterval and each second subinterval, the opening degree of the fan is correspondingly adjusted according to a second temperature difference value between the current temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor and the last temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor:
if the second temperature difference value is zero, keeping the opening degree of the fan;
if the second temperature difference value is positive, increasing the opening degree of the fan, wherein the larger the second temperature difference value is, the larger the amplitude of the opening degree of the fan is;
if the second temperature difference value is negative, reducing the opening degree of the fan, wherein the smaller the second temperature difference value is, the larger the opening degree reduction of the fan is;
the N first subintervals arranged along the positive direction correspond to the N second subintervals arranged along the negative direction one by one, in any one group of the first subintervals and the second subintervals which correspond to each other, the fan opening degree increase in the first subintervals is the same as the fan opening degree decrease in the second subintervals, and the fan opening degree decrease in the first subintervals is the same as the fan opening degree increase in the second subintervals;
in each of the first subintervals, the fan opening degree increase is greater than or equal to the opening degree decrease, and in each of the second subintervals, the fan opening degree decrease is greater than or equal to the opening degree increase.
Therefore, the opening of the fan can be rapidly and stably kept in a certain proper interval, and the current temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor fluctuates back and forth in small range intervals up and down in the set temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor. Meanwhile, in the positive value interval and the negative value interval, the shorter the length of the minimum first gear interval is, the higher the control precision of the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the fuel cell system is because the increase and decrease range of the opening degree of the fan is completely symmetrical.
Preferably, the smaller the first temperature difference value is, the smaller the fan opening degree increases and decreases; the larger the first temperature difference value is, the larger the fan opening degree is increased and decreased.
Preferably, in any one set of the first subintervals and the second subintervals corresponding to each other, the interval lengths of the first subintervals and the second subintervals are the same.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: before starting the fan, the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is judged(t)Whether the temperature is greater than the set temperature T for the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetIf true, proceed according to S2; otherwise, execution is according to S22;
s2: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the set temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetWhether or not less than the temperature difference constant T1If true, proceed according to S3; otherwise, execution is according to S7;
s3: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S4; otherwise, execution is according to S5;
s4: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P1Then according to S1;
s5: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S6; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s6: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P1Then according to S1;
s7: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the set temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetWhether or not less than the temperature difference constant T2If yes, execute according to S8; otherwise, execution is according to S12;
s8: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S9; otherwise, execution is according to S10;
s9: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P4Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P3Then according to S1;
s10: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If yes, execute according to S11; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s11: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P1Then according to S1;
s12: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the set temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetWhether or not less than the temperature difference constant T3If true, proceed according to S13; otherwise, execution is according to S17;
s13: judging the currentTemperature T of cooling liquid entering pile(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S14; otherwise, execution is according to S15;
s14: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not it is greater than the constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P6Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P5Then according to S1;
s15: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S16; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s16: judging the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor at the last time(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P4Then according to S1; or else the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P3Then according to S1;
s17: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the set temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetWhether or not less than the temperature difference constant T4If true, proceed according to S18; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the maximum value P of the opening of the fanmaxThen according to S1;
s18: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S19; otherwise, execution is according to S20;
s19: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Minus the last time coolingTemperature value T of liquid entering reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P8Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P7Then according to S1;
s20: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S21; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s21: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P6Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P5Then according to S1;
s22: judging and setting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetSubtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not less than the temperature difference constant T1If true, proceed according to S23; otherwise, execution is according to S27;
s23: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S24; otherwise, execution is according to S25;
s24: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not it is greater than the constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P1Then according to S1;
s25: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S26; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s26: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P1Then according to S1;
s27: judging and setting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetSubtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not less than the temperature difference constant T2If true, proceed according to S28; otherwise, execution is according to S32;
s28: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S29; otherwise, execution is according to S30;
s29: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P2Then according to S1; or else the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P1Then according to S1;
s30: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S31; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s31: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not it is greater than the constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P4Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P3Then according to S1;
s32: judging and setting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetSubtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not less than the temperature difference constant T3If true, proceed according to S33; otherwise, execution is according to S37;
s33: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If yes, execute according to S34; otherwise, execution is according to S35;
s34: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P4Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P3Then according to S1;
s35: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S36; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s36: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P6Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P5Then according to S1;
s37: judging and setting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetSubtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not less than the temperature difference constant T4If true, proceed according to S38; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the minimum value P of the opening of the fanminThen according to S1;
s38: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S39; otherwise, execution is according to S40;
s39: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P6Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P5Then according to S1;
s40: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S41; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s41: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not it is greater than the constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P8Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P7Then according to S1;
wherein:
P(t)the unit is the current fan opening;
P(t+1)the opening degree of the fan at the next time is in unit;
T(t)the temperature value is the current temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor and the unit is;
T(t-1)the temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor at the last time is the unit;
Tsetsetting a temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor, wherein the unit is;
T1a first constant in units of a first temperature difference value;
T2a second constant in units of the first temperature difference value;
T3a third constant in units of the first temperature difference value;
T4a fourth constant in units of the first temperature difference value;
Trana temperature difference constant in units of a second temperature difference value;
Pminthe minimum value of the opening degree of the fan is set as unit;
Pmaxthe maximum value of the opening of the fan is expressed in unit;
P1is a first increment of the opening degree of the fan, and the unit is%;
P2is a second increment of the opening of the fan, and the unit is%;
P3is the third increment of the opening degree of the fan, and the unit is%;
P4is the fourth increment of the fan opening degree, and the unit is%;
P5is the fifth increment of the opening of the fan, and the unit is%;
P6is the sixth increment of the opening of the fan, and the unit is%;
P7the seventh increment of the opening degree of the fan is expressed in unit;
P8the eighth increment of the opening degree of the fan is expressed in unit;
0<T1<T2<T3<T4，0<P1≤P2，0<P3≤P4，0<P5≤P6，0<P7≤P8，
P1≤P3≤P5≤P7，P2≤P4≤P6≤P8。
five first subintervals are sequentially (0, T)1）、（T1，T2）、（T2，T3）、（T3，T4）、（T4, + ∞); five second subintervals in sequence of (-T)1，0）、（-T2，-T1）、（-T3，-T2）、（-T4，-T3）、（-∞、-T4）。
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the control method of the cooling fan of the fuel cell thermal management system, the heat balance of the fuel cell system is quickly realized by accurately controlling the power of the fan in the fuel cell thermal management system, so that the fuel cell stack works in an optimal set temperature range, the performance of the fuel cell system can be optimized, and the service life of the fuel cell stack can be prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a temperature change curve of a coolant entering a reactor in example 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an opening variation curve of the cooling fan in embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
By taking the operation example of the fuel cell, a low-power fuel cell engine is selected, the fuel cell stack operates at the power of 3.5kw, and the fuel cell engine adopts a liquid cooling mode. The heat generated by the galvanic pile is taken away by the cooling liquid, and the heat in the cooling liquid is radiated to the atmosphere through the radiator. The fuel cell operating parameters are shown in table 1 below. The data acquisition time step is 1 s. The speed regulating step length of the fan is 2 s.
TABLE 1 Low Power Fuel cell operating basic parameters
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The values of other parameters are as follows:
Tsetsetting a stacking temperature value of the cooling liquid, and taking 65 ℃;
T1taking 0.5 ℃ as a first constant of the first temperature difference value;
T2taking 1 ℃ as a second constant of the first temperature difference value;
T3taking 1.5 ℃ as a third constant of the first temperature difference value;
T4a fourth constant value of the first temperature difference value, which is taken to be 2 ℃;
Trantaking the temperature difference constant of the second temperature difference value as 0.1 ℃;
Pmintaking 0% as the minimum value of the opening of the cooling fan;
Pmaxtaking 80% as the maximum opening of the cooling fan;
P1taking 1% as a first increment of the opening of the cooling fan;
P2taking 2% as a second increment of the opening of the cooling fan;
P3taking 2% as the third increment of the opening of the cooling fan;
P4taking 3% as the fourth increment of the opening of the cooling fan;
P5taking 3% as the fifth increment of the opening of the cooling fan;
P6taking 4% as the sixth increment of the opening of the cooling fan;
P7taking 4% as the seventh increment of the opening of the cooling fan;
P85 percent is taken as the eighth increment of the opening of the cooling fan.
The simulation results are shown in fig. 2-3, and it can be seen that the coolant entering temperature starts to rise from the initial 57 ℃, and the coolant entering temperature is low at the beginning, and the fan does not work, so the coolant rises quickly. When the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the stack reaches 63 ℃, the fan starts to work. When the fan starts to work until the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is stabilized for less than 5min, the maximum temperature of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is 67.3 ℃ which is 2.3 ℃ higher than the set value of the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the reactor before the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is stabilized. And finally, the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the stack is stabilized within a range of 64-66 ℃, the precision of the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the stack is +/-1 ℃, the temperature control precision is very high, the fuel cell system can be maintained in an optimal performance range all the time, and the service life of the fuel cell system is prolonged.
When T issetSet to 65 ℃ and minimum first gear T1Taking the temperature of 0.5 ℃ and the temperature of T2Taking 1 ℃, and finally, under the condition that the system is stable, the water temperature fluctuation is +/-1 ℃ due to T1The opening of the fan in the interval increases and decreases in the same way, the temperature fluctuates back and forth in the interval, once the system is influenced by itself or outside and the balance is broken, the T is utilized2When the fan opening amplitude is larger than the decrement of the fan opening amplitude when the positive value is within the interval and when the fan opening amplitude is smaller than the decrement of the fan opening amplitude when the negative value is within the interval, the temperature returns to T1Interval, so when the system balance is not broken, the temperature will be stabilized at T all the time1Within the interval, small-amplitude damage is generated at T2And T1Fluctuating within the interval.
In other embodiments, the number of the first subintervals and the second subintervals may be less than 5 or greater than 5, according to actual needs.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A control method for a heat radiation fan of a fuel cell thermal management system is characterized by comprising the following steps: dividing a first temperature difference value between a current coolant entering temperature value and a set coolant entering temperature value into a positive value interval and a negative value interval, wherein the positive value interval comprises N first sub-intervals which are sequentially arranged, and the negative value interval comprises N second sub-intervals which are sequentially arranged;
in each first subinterval and each second subinterval, the opening degree of the fan is correspondingly adjusted according to a second temperature difference value between the current temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor and the last temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor:
if the second temperature difference value is zero, keeping the opening degree of the fan;
if the second temperature difference value is positive, increasing the opening degree of the fan, wherein the larger the second temperature difference value is, the larger the amplitude of the opening degree of the fan is;
if the second temperature difference value is negative, reducing the opening degree of the fan, wherein the smaller the second temperature difference value is, the larger the opening degree reduction of the fan is;
the N first subintervals arranged along the positive direction correspond to the N second subintervals arranged along the negative direction one by one, in any one group of the first subintervals and the second subintervals which correspond to each other, the fan opening degree increase in the first subintervals is the same as the fan opening degree decrease in the second subintervals, and the fan opening degree decrease in the first subintervals is the same as the fan opening degree increase in the second subintervals;
in each of the first subintervals, the fan opening degree increase is greater than or equal to the opening degree decrease, and in each of the second subintervals, the fan opening degree decrease is greater than or equal to the opening degree increase.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: the smaller the first temperature difference value is, the smaller the fan opening degree is increased and decreased; the larger the first temperature difference value is, the larger the fan opening degree is increased and decreased.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: in any one of the first subintervals and the second subintervals that correspond to each other, the interval lengths of the first subintervals and the second subintervals are the same.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: before starting the fan, the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is judged(t)Whether the temperature is greater than the set temperature T for the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetIf true, proceed according to S2; otherwise, execution is according to S22;
s2: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the set temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetWhether or not less than the temperature difference constant T1If true, proceed according to S3; otherwise, execution is according to S7;
s3: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S4; otherwise, execution is according to S5;
s4: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P1Then according to S1;
s5: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S6; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s6: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P1Then according to S1;
s7: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the set temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactorTsetWhether or not less than the temperature difference constant T2If true, proceed according to S8; otherwise, execution is according to S12;
s8: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If yes, execute according to S9; otherwise, execution is according to S10;
s9: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P4Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P3Then according to S1;
s10: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S11; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s11: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P1Then according to S1;
s12: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the set temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetWhether or not less than the temperature difference constant T3If true, proceed according to S13; otherwise, execution is according to S17;
s13: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If yes, execute according to S14; otherwise, execution is according to S15;
s14: judging the current coldTemperature value T of cooling liquid entering pile(t)Subtracting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor at the last time(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P6Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P5Then according to S1;
s15: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S16; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s16: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P4Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P3Then according to S1;
s17: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the set temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetWhether or not less than the temperature difference constant T4If true, proceed according to S18; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the maximum value P of the opening of the fanmaxThen according to S1;
s18: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S19; otherwise, execution is according to S20;
s19: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P8Then according to S1; else the next timeFan opening P(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P7Then according to S1;
s20: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S21; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s21: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P6Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P5Then according to S1;
s22: judging and setting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetSubtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not less than the temperature difference constant T1If true, proceed according to S23; otherwise, execution is according to S27;
s23: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S24; otherwise, execution is according to S25;
s24: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P1Then according to S1;
s25: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S26; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s26: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not it is greater than the constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P2Then according to S1; or else the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P1Then according to S1;
s27: judging and setting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetSubtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not less than the temperature difference constant T2If true, proceed according to S28; otherwise, execution is according to S32;
s28: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S29; otherwise, execution is according to S30;
s29: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P2Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P1Then according to S1;
s30: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S31; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s31: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P4Then according to S1; else the next timeFan opening P(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P3Then according to S1;
s32: judging and setting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetSubtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not less than the temperature difference constant T3If true, proceed according to S33; otherwise, execution is according to S37;
s33: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is larger than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S34; otherwise, execution is according to S35;
s34: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P4Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P3Then according to S1;
s35: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S36; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s36: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P6Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P5Then according to S1;
s37: judging and setting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactorsetSubtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not less than the temperature difference constant T4If true, proceed according to S38; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is windMinimum value of fan opening PminThen according to S1;
s38: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S39; otherwise, execution is according to S40;
s39: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Subtracting the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P6Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Plus P5Then according to S1;
s40: judging the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether the temperature value T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is less than the last time(t-1)If true, proceed according to S41; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Then according to S1;
s41: judging the last time temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t-1)Subtracting the current temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the reactor(t)Whether or not greater than the temperature difference constant TranIf yes, the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P8Then according to S1; otherwise the fan opening P at the next time(t+1)Is the current fan opening P(t)Minus P7Then according to S1;
wherein:
P(t)the unit is the current fan opening;
P(t+1)the opening degree of the fan at the next time is expressed in unit;
T(t)the temperature value is the current temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor and the unit is;
T(t-1)the temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor at the last time is the unit;
Tsetsetting a temperature value of the cooling liquid entering the reactor, wherein the unit is;
T1a first constant in units of a first temperature difference value;
T2a second constant in units of the first temperature difference value;
T3a third constant in units of the first temperature difference value;
T4a fourth constant in units of the first temperature difference value;
Tranis the temperature difference constant of the second temperature difference value, and the unit is;
Pminthe minimum value of the opening degree of the fan is set as unit;
Pmaxthe maximum value of the opening of the fan is expressed in unit;
P1is a first increment of the opening degree of the fan, and the unit is%;
P2is a second increment of the opening of the fan, and the unit is%;
P3is the third increment of the opening degree of the fan, and the unit is%;
P4is the fourth increment of the fan opening degree, and the unit is%;
P5is the fifth increment of the opening degree of the fan, and the unit is%;
P6is the sixth increment of the opening of the fan, and the unit is%;
P7the seventh increment of the opening degree of the fan is expressed in unit;
P8the eighth increment of the opening degree of the fan is expressed in unit;
0<T1<T2<T3<T4，0<P1≤P2，0<P3≤P4，0<P5≤P6，0<P7≤P8，
P1≤P3≤P5≤P7，P2≤P4≤P6≤P8。
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